When to plant seedlings of pepper, tomato and other vegetable crops? How to care for seedlings. Seedlings planted in March

The use of poor or inappropriate quality soil mixture can slow down the development and even lead to the death of seedlings. It is thoughtless and wrong to simply go to the garden, collect land and sow seeds in it. After all, for example, for seedlings, you cannot use the land on which Cruciferous plants were previously grown (it probably contains infections characteristic of cabbage crops, and you can ruin your seedlings already on initial stage its cultivation). How to be?

Choose soil for vegetable, flower, coniferous crops in our catalog, which contains offers from large online stores of seeds and planting material. :

You can choose containers for seedlings in our catalog, which combines the offers of large garden online stores. :

Mistake 5: Trying to "improve" manufacturer-treated seeds

An attempt to "improve" the sowing qualities of seeds that have already been processed can lead to very sad consequences. At a minimum, it will negate all the benefits of your purchase. In the worst case, as a result of such diligence, the seeds may lose their germination.

Mistake 6: non-observance of terms of cultivation

Many novice farmers mistakenly believe that there is no need to observe the timing of sowing and growing seedlings: just think, three weeks earlier or two weeks later - what would seem to be the difference when to sow the seeds? Nevertheless, there is a difference, and it is significant.

Failure to meet the deadlines will lead to the fact that the plants will turn out to be underdeveloped and may not take root after transplanting to a permanent place. The approximate time for sowing seeds for seedlings is always indicated by the manufacturer on the back of the package., and focus on it. A universal way to calculate sowing dates for vegetable crops you will find in the article.

Mistake 7: Excessive Seed Burial

Burying the seeds more than required can cause them to not germinate at all or only a few germinate, so don't overdo it when planting! Seeding depth for most species is 2 seed diameters. Do not forget that there are light-similar seeds - they cannot be sprinkled with soil at all, because important condition for their germination is light. Manufacturers, as a rule, also indicate information about the depth of seed placement on the packaging.

Mistake 8: thickening crops

Another one typical mistake many gardeners - thickened seed sowing, the consequences of which will be weak, elongated seedlings, and not only. Thickened crops are much more likely to be affected. In addition, seedlings simply do not have enough space for normal development, they lack nutrition and as a result develop unevenly, become very fragile.

Therefore, it is necessary to sow seeds at a sufficient distance from each other so that during growth they do not compete with each other for food, light and moisture. Of course, for each culture this distance will be different, therefore, in order not to be mistaken, when sowing, consider seeding rates and agricultural practices.

Mistake 9: watering after sowing

seeds, or rather, the soil in which these very seeds are located, immediately after sowing, leads to the fact that the seeds, along with water, are drawn into the depths of the soil. This means that they will germinate much longer, if they germinate at all (we have already talked about how important the correct sowing depth is).

The soil in the seedling boxes needs to be watered before sowing seeds, while using water room temperature . If you need to moisten the soil after sowing, do this with a spray bottle. You can read about other watering devices and fixtures in the article.

You can choose small-capacity sprayers in our gardening catalog, which combines offers from major online gardening stores. .

Phosphatovit fertilizer for seedlings 120 rub LOOK
Russian Garden

Fertilizer Azotovit for seedlings 120 rub LOOK
Russian Garden

Fertilizer for seedlings and vegetables Wonder-Gumus 59 rub LOOK
Russian Garden

Fertilizer for seedlings of cucumbers ORTON-Rassada-Cucumbers, 20 g 19 rub LOOK
seedspost.ru

Mistake 12: ignoring seedling diseases and the lack of their prevention

Ignoring seedling diseases - root and root rot, black leg and others - will inevitably lead to the death of plants, so you can’t hope for a miracle (that everything will go away by itself)! As soon as you notice that something is wrong with the seedlings - it has become frail, the leaves are falling, the trunk is darkening, other signs of trouble have appeared - it is necessary to fight the disease as soon as possible.

First, they diagnose, look for the causes, and then take measures aimed at eliminating the problem. Publications and comments on questions will help to understand the methods of treatment and prevention.

Very comfortable and most importantly waste material- used and discarded. But you can use them for several years. To do this, the bags must be washed, dried and folded, as shown in the bottom photo.

Early ripening crops include zucchini, cucumbers, pumpkin, melons, watermelons. Such plants do not tolerate transplanting into the ground. It is recommended to start growing them in peat pots. Early ripening crops are very fond of light, so it is better to plant seedlings no earlier than April 10-20.

Residents of the southern regions should be guided by such calendar dates when it is necessary to plant tomato seedlings:
Tomatoes grown in mid-February, by the time of planting, have time to stretch out and get sick. Vegetables that have risen by mid-March will be stronger. Each gardener must correctly determine the date when it is necessary to plant tomato seedlings, and before that, the sowing time.
172764 Views
Feed
Unlike a tomato, it is optimal to plant a pepper in a permanent place after the first flower has bloomed in the first fork. This usually happens after about 2-2.5 months from the date of germination. So if you plant peppers on May 10, then you need to sow from March 1 to March 15, minus the seed germination period .. That is, from about February 20 to March 5.
(Yes, I like to start the story from the wrong end).

When to sow tomatoes for seedlings according to the growing season?

Land for tomato seedlings should not be too acidic, that is, pure peat is absolutely not suitable for this plant. At home, it is easiest to clean the soil for seedlings from diseases and pests by freezing. To do this, a bag or box with earth is left on outdoors where frosts will quickly kill everything harmful to seedlings. The container with the ground must be covered from precipitation, which can wash away nutrients from the soil.

Usually, early tomatoes are a pleasant delicacy to the table after a long winter, mid-ripening ones accompany food throughout the season, and later ones go for conservation and processing.
Tomato, or tomato, is a plant from the Solanaceae family native to South America. Europeans got to know him only after the discovery of the New World, and the tomato, like everything new, took root quite hard and for a long time. Despite this, today the tomato is one of the most popular and sought-after vegetables all over the world. It's hard to imagine any of national cuisines where the tomato would not be used. You can’t imagine some dishes without tomatoes - just remember Ukrainian borscht, Italian pizza, Mexican chili, American ketchup and much more.
How to use packages, I have detailed in this question. (See my answer).

Tomato: seedling age - 45-50 days, the period from sowing to germination - 7-8 days. Sowing falls on April 1-8.

When is the best time to plant tomato seedlings?

early varieties - April 15 - May 1;

You need to understand: when we plant plants in a permanent place, they should be provided with the maximum comfortable conditions. The slightest frost can destroy tomatoes and all work. If the air temperature for several days is below +5 degrees, the nightshade will stop growing and will get sick in the future.

Agrotechnics of sweet pepper

Pepper seedlings can be any complex fertilizer, diluted according to the instructions and watered once a week. It is better if there is not only nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus, but also a set of trace elements. At least iron.
In general, to be honest, this whole previous long boring paragraph could not have been written. And simply write

Let's start from the very beginning 😉 .

How to plant tomato seedlings indoors?

Healthy seeds peck and germinate very quickly and within 2-5 days first “loops” appear from the soil, and then full-fledged cotyledon leaves. At this time, the temperature in the room should not fall below 25 degrees, and then it is slightly gradually lowered. Low temperatures are dangerous for this plant, already at 10 degrees serious damage begins - it turns yellow, buds and ovaries fall off, growth stops.

It is the early varieties that are most suitable for growing tomato seedlings on the windowsill, since they need to be sown on seedlings in early spring in order to be planted in the ground after the end of the return frosts.

An important condition for obtaining a plentiful and high-quality harvest is proper fit seedling tomato. Only strong and healthy seedlings will quickly and easily take root in the ground or in a greenhouse, will actively bloom and set large and tasty fruits.

And here I will add only a few photos.

Cucumber: planting in a greenhouse - after May 25, age - 25-27 days, the period from sowing to germination - 3 days. Sowing falls on April 25.

When determining the timing of planting seedlings in a permanent place, it is necessary to take into account the region where your garden is located, the equipment of the greenhouse and permanent residence in the country. For example, in Siberia and the Leningrad region, this time will be different. In the latter region, in order to plant tomatoes in unheated greenhouses, it is better to sow after March 15.

Recently, many excellent natural fertilizers have appeared in stores: granulated bird droppings, sapropel, biohumus, etc. All this can be used when transshipping from the initial 50-100 ml. cups in large. How much exactly do you need to add each type of fertilizer if you have never done this before? .. It is better to underfeed than overfeed, for example, in the case of vermicompost, it can be about a teaspoon per bush. Mix the fertilizer with the earth at the bottom of the pot, then pour a little and put a bush on top with an earthen clod from a smaller container, add earth on the sides.

in middle lane it will be normal to sow pepper for seedlings in late February - early March.

Seeds

In order for tomato seedlings on the windowsill to be strong and green, it needs a lot of light. With a lack of natural light, landings will have to be illuminated, sometimes this needs to be done around the clock. Tomatoes need to be provided with stable and uniform watering without waterlogging and drying, which are equally detrimental to the plant.

If it is too early to plant tomatoes for seedlings, it will quickly grow and form, and weather conditions will not allow planting in the ground or under a film. Such seedlings will stretch out, become fragile, pale and painful, will hardly take root in the ground and bear fruit poorly. Sow late - get a small seedling that has not taken shape. The timing of planting seeds depends on weather conditions areas where it is planned to grow seedlings, usually it takes 1.5-2.5 months to grow tomato seedlings.

Growing tomato seedlings at home (video)

glav-dacha.ru

How to grow good pepper seedlings at home?

In order for tomato seedlings at home to be healthy and of high quality, you need to follow simple, but very important rules:

This is how the bottom is trimmed.

Sweet pepper: planting in a greenhouse - June 5. Age - 70 days, the period from sowing to germination - 12-14 days. Sowing falls on March 10. Gardeners living in the central regions choose such dates when they can plant tomato seedlings: If you set a date for planting tomatoes, count from it 55-65 days ago. When you grow seedlings by picking, then subtract another seven days. The resulting number is the date when you need to sow tomatoes. For example, if the date of planting at a fixed place is June 1st, then you need to plant in the last days of March. 1740 Replies Pepper seedlings do not like a draft on the windowsill, and a cold windowsill in general. Feel your window sill with your hand, or put a thermometer on it. Often the window sill is 5-10 degrees colder than the temperature in the room. In order not to create conditions for the development of the “black leg”, put a layer of foam on the windowsill under the pepper seedlings ... or at least a board.

I sow until mid-March because I have large south windows. And light greatly affects the growth rate of seedlings.

. We will talk about the choice of varieties of pepper separately, later. Pepper seeds differ from tomato seeds in a shorter germination period. So, if tomato seeds germinate normally even after 5 years, and even after 10, then in pepper, after three years, about half of the seeds germinate, and every year the number of hatched decreases. So, when buying pepper seeds, be sure to make sure that they are fresh, 1-2 years is normal, 3 years is also a chance that enough will sprout, but it may not sprout anything. It depends on the storage conditions of the seeds. And you know what storage conditions we have ... The grown seedlings of the tomato are dived for the first time, and after the appearance of a pair of true leaves, the second picking is carried out in seedling cups. When performing this operation, young plants are carefully buried along the cotyledon leaves. It is not worth damaging or even cutting off the cotyledons - they are a source of nutrients for a plant that has begun to develop. Subsequently, they will fall off themselves when they are no longer needed.

According to the type of growth, all tomatoes are divided into two large groups: The correct timing of sowing tomato seeds for seedlings. If you constantly plant tomato seedlings, then buy special plastic cups with a pallet, the bottom of these cups is detachable, the seedlings are removed without damaging the earth clod with roots. The pallet protects the window sills if water leaks. The size of the cups is from 300 grams to 700. Of course, you can grow seedlings in milk bags and other containers.
Eggplant: planting in a greenhouse - June 5, age - up to 50 days, the period from sowing to germination - 12 days. Sowing falls on April 1.
Early plants - May 1-15;

Gardeners often focus on moon calendar to determine the time when tomato seedlings can be planted. The phases of the moon affect every area of our lives. In such a calendar, everything is scheduled for gardeners. Moon phases it is recommended to do the first crops on February 20-22. It is better to choose varieties for taste and for conservation: Persimmon, De Barao, Yellow Giant, Zlatozar hybrid.

Since we started talking about the light .. Then we will continue about it. At the very beginning of the article I already wrote: “More light - better seedlings". But, regarding tomatoes, peppers are quite shade-tolerant plants. They do not stretch and wither in the absence of the sun for several days, so you can grow pepper seedlings even on a northeast or northwest window. The quality of the seedlings, of course, will be better on the south window. Let's say you have already purchased the treasured bags of pepper seeds and happily lay them out on long winter evenings, anticipating the moment of planting. And it’s so impatient to plant all this as soon as possible .. so impatient ...

With the help of a pick, you can slightly reduce the effect of stretching the plant on early stages- by deepening the seedling and adding light, you can make the seedlings stronger and healthier. The part of the stem, which, after picking, will be in the ground, will give roots and will additionally nourish the plant. In order for the pickled seedlings to take root quickly and without loss, the soil must be warm enough, and the watering should be uniform without flooding. If we properly plant tomato seedlings, we end up with plants with a strong, stable stem, juicy green leaves and an overall healthy appearance.

Determinant (weak). Maintaining the temperature regime. My wife sits tomato seedlings in disposable plastic cups or special plastic molds (they are sold in stores and stand in special flat plastic boxes).

Early white cabbage: planting - after May 20, age - up to 50 days, the period from sowing to germination - 5 days. Sowing falls on March 15.

All chemical and biological processes in them are inhibited. The task of the vegetable grower is to wake up and give impetus to a long chain of natural transformations. Growing hot peppers in pots

Pepper seedlings should be as the earth dries out, it is not necessary to fill it, but also let it dry. However, I didn’t have any problems with watering peppers (unlike tomatoes) even during the earliest growing experiences, from which I concluded that peppers are unpretentious and easy to grow 😛. Concerning the illumination of pepper seedlings, from the above we can conclude that backlighting is not required, but desirable. After all, you can’t wait, right? Well, do not endure - plant!

The question often arises: how to feed tomato seedlings? During the growth period, plants need complex fertilizers with a predominance of nitrogen and the obligatory content of trace elements. The grown seedlings need more potassium, with a lack of this element, the plant becomes stained, stretches, turns pale and falls ill.

Stable water balance.

When planting, the seedlings are easily reached and the cups with molds remain intact and ready for the next seedlings. Discussion of the publication

But before doing this, the embryos must be decontaminated. To do this, they are placed for 20 minutes in a 1% solution of potassium permanganate (1 gram per 0.5 cup of water). In order to accelerate the ripening of tomatoes, pre-sowing soaking of the embryos in solutions of microelements or growth stimulants can be carried out. You can use this method: soak in an infusion of wood ash (pour half a liter of water and add 1 tablespoon of ash). After stirring, leave the liquid for two days, stirring occasionally. Wrapped in a gauze bag of grain, you need to lower the future tomatoes for 4-5 hours.

Properly grown tomato seedlings quickly take root in the ground, form a strong green plant, begin to bloom and bear fruit at the time set for this variety.

tomat-pomidor.com

When should you plant tomatoes for seedlings?

Author Alenusik « 1 2 3 … 29 »

Sowing dates

2) how soon they will ascend.

Almost everyone who grows tomato seedlings also grows pepper seedlings. It is not so important whether it is sweet pepper or hot, because in their agricultural technology they are not much different.

Healthy calibrated seeds are chosen for planting, frail and damaged ones are thrown away. There are two ways to sow seeds - in a common container with subsequent picking and immediately in individual cups.

Proper planting of a tomato in the ground.

It is better to plant seedlings in peat pots, when planting in the ground, the roots are not damaged, although there is one minus, if the earth in the pots dries out a lot, you have to water more often and mold may form, but this does not affect the seedlings.

The secrets of proper sowing

In last years I buy in the market in a stall with plastic containers disposable beer glasses of 0.5 liters. I make a hole half a centimeter in diameter with a drill. And I plant seedlings there without getting enough sleep to the very edges by about 5 cm. Then you can add earth if the sprout stretches out and starts to slope. This happens if there is not enough light for the specimen. It is convenient to sign the variety on the glass with a marker. These glasses are for one year, but they cost 1 ruble apiece. Sometimes I come across strong ones that I can use in the second year.

Inveterate summer residents and gardeners already in February begin to prepare for seedlings of flowers and vegetables. In order to correctly calculate the timing of sowing seedlings, you need to know the time for which it reaches maturity. You can learn how to properly plant seedlings from our article. And in this article we will tell you in detail when it is better to start sowing, and when to plant seedlings.

There are industrial methods for preparing embryos - panning, or granulation. They are covered with a protective shell of an organo-mineral nutrient mixture. If you purchased such grains, they do not need to be pre-soaked and processed. Dried grains are planted dry so as not to wash off the protective shell.

Successful varieties of sweet pepper and paprika

564 Replies

It's not true that peppers don't need a lot of space

Both of these meanings are important, especially the one that 2). Because pepper seeds can germinate at the same temperature from 5 to 30+ days. Of course, old seeds will germinate for 30 days. But even for fresh, 2-3 weeks can be quite a “normal” period from sowing to germination.

Landing time

What do we need to grow good, strong pepper seedlings? First of all, of course, a sunny window. For growing

Since tomatoes tolerate picking and transplanting well, in order to save money and area, you can sow tomatoes in boxes or other suitable containers. Subsequently, the seedlings dive for the first time, planting on greater distance, and then transplanted into separate containers, where the seedlings remain until planting in the ground. In the second variant, the seeds are sown 2-3 in pots or cups, weaker plants are subsequently simply pulled out. This method is more expensive, landings will take up a significant area, a large number of seedlings cannot be grown in an apartment.

Tomatoes are early, medium ripening and late. Between these three varieties there are intermediate ones with a difference in ripening of 5-15 days, but basically this division is competent and correct.
Convenient paper cups are now on sale, but you can use the old fashioned way in a large box with earth

For seedlings, you can use any jars. How many seeds are you planting. If a little fit jars of mayonnaise. I plant a lot in big boxes. But tomatoes need to be dived and planted; for this, milk and kefir boxes are suitable. I cut large bags in half. I do not plant seedlings in cups, they are very small. Tomatoes and the root system must grow and develop, there is much more space in the packages. As the seedlings grow, I pour the earth. Yes, and it is easier to get seedlings from milk bags. I take out the seedlings with a clod of earth, so that the root is not damaged.

It should be borne in mind that planting in the open field begins much later than in greenhouses. Thus, seedlings are planted in greenhouses in mid-May, but in open beds, due to the possibility of frost in early summer, seedlings usually begin to be planted no earlier than June 10th. In the presence of heated greenhouses, tomatoes, peppers and eggplants can be sown in late February - early March. In this case, the transplant will take place at the end of April or the beginning of May.
Grains that have received heat, moisture and oxygen sprout in 2-3 days. This means that it is time to sow them. Tomatoes are grown with or without picking, while the grains are planted immediately in pots. When landing without a pick, a large area is required. More often, seedlings are grown with a pick. Pour the soil mixture into the prepared container. If you sow future seedlings in individual containers, the height from the ground to the edge should be at least 10 cm. If you plan to dive further, then a height of 6 cm is enough.

Video "When to plant tomatoes for seedlings"

for the roots and enough 200 ml for growing 2-month-old seedlings. It will somehow grow ... But you will not see the harvest in full. It is impossible to create too close conditions for the root system. If possible, allocate 1 liter for each bush, or even better, a two-liter pot. Yes, this is a utopia, in the conditions of an apartment. But you have to strive for the best. In the photo below - pepper in 2 liters. pot, the most optimal size ... Where can I put them like that.

plodovie.ru

Why is it important to know? Because then you will be able to more accurately answer the question -

When is the best time to plant seedlings

any

As a container for planting seedlings, you can use almost any non-soaking container. Amateur gardeners successfully use wooden and even cardboard boxes, lined with plastic wrap, disposable plastic or paper cups, sour cream and yogurt containers, juice boxes or milk bags. For used containers, thorough cleaning of the remnants of the contents is important, otherwise it can rot, infect the ground and destroy seedlings.

Early tomato varieties have the shortest growing season from sowing to flowering, therefore, they bring the earliest and most valuable harvest. Early tomato seedlings produce delicious fresh vegetables, but require more attention and effort to grow.

Features of planting various crops

A good option using peat tablets. When the seeds hatch, leaves will appear (100% germination is never guaranteed, and in this way you will save yourself from extra containers), place the sprout tablets in a container with prepared soil mixture. The most convenient are the so-called peat pots, as in the photo of the author of the question. Although they are actually made of cardboard. Then, when landing on the garden, the roots will not be injured, and this shell will quickly decompose. You just need to remove the bottom. Another option is plastic cups, from yogurt, sour cream, etc. It is easy to extract a plant with an earthy lump from them. And do not feel sorry for this container, from spring to spring it can be accumulated in sufficient quantities.

First, I sow the seeds in low foam boxes. As soon as the first real leaf hatches, I dive the seedlings into disposable plastic cups.

Estimated dates for sowing and planting crops

The first shoots should appear within 3-15 days after planting. In this matter, one should also take into account the age that seedlings must reach before planting in a permanent place. At the same time, the plant will need two or three days to take root.
We water the soil warm water. You can make grooves every 3-4 cm, up to 1 cm deep, and in them, after 1-2 cm, decompose the embryos. Then backfill and moisten the grooves. You can simply spread the embryos on the surface in rows, cover them with earth with a layer of 1 cm from above and water. For planting, choose sprouted grains, as they have more energy and will not lag behind in development.
1679 Replies
hot pepper
Do I need to soak pepper seeds before planting?

When to sow pepper seedlings?

elhow.ru

What is the best way to plant seedlings for tomatoes?

Nightshade crops (and most others) this rule works flawlessly.

Elena Lilia

When deciding how to properly grow tomato seedlings, you need to remember that this plant is very demanding on room temperature, lighting and watering. Humid air is harmful to tomatoes, so when we plant tomato seedlings, it is important to regularly ventilate the room where they grow, avoiding strong temperature changes and drafts that are detrimental to this plant. It is not necessary to spray crops with water, they can easily get sick and die.

Varieties of medium fruiting periods produce fruits at the height of the season, they are the most delicious and healthy. The growing season is longer than that of early tomatoes.

Natani

It is better to grow seedlings in a pot. Of course, a seedling box is more convenient and saves space, but when the plant grows up, it will become cramped. a transplant will be required. Not all plants easily tolerate transplantation, the plant is injured. Therefore, it is still better to have a separate glass or pot. The best way peat pots. They can be easily found in gardening stores.

OlgaY

It is convenient that each plant separately, you can pour the earth, it is also convenient to take it out with a clod of earth. In my opinion disposable cups this is the best option. Just don't take transparent ones, it's bad for the roots.

If you would like the crop to rise by a certain date, you should take into account the time that the plant will need for vegetation, that is, the length of the period from planting to the appearance of the first fruits. Usually such information is indicated on the packaging in which the seeds are sold.

KlimUshkin

Pack the container with sifted sprouts in a plastic bag. If the seed boxes are large, you can cover them with glass. This is done so that the soil mass is constantly wet. Put in a warm place with a temperature of 25-27 degrees. In this state, the tomatoes will be until the first shoots. After the plant needs to be moved to the light.

Unlike tomatoes, which I don’t soak, considering it to be unnecessary fuss, I can’t say so unambiguously with pepper. Soaking, especially in different growth stimulants, can really help to get more shoots and, most importantly, earlier shoots. On the other hand, if the seeds are fresh, you checked their germination and it was about 100%, then again there is no point in soaking.

So... when?

angry

More light - better seedlings, everything else is secondary.

perec

Tomatoes are sown in trays or boxes, lightly sprinkled with a sifted nutrient mixture and sprayed abundantly, covering with a film. Air humidity is needed only until the seeds germinate, and then the film is removed.

Late tomatoes bear fruit from the second half of summer until late autumn; in warm weather, tomatoes remain fresh on the bushes until frost. These tomatoes have the longest growing season.

Now for summer residents there is a very large assortment of containers for seedlings. But the best choice for this natural material. Clay pots, which is unfortunately not very convenient. A wooden box is quite a decent option, but perhaps not very convenient for transplanting.

chacha777

For many years I have been using milk, kefir, fermented baked milk or sour cream boxes for growing seedlings. I use high packages for tomatoes and peppers, low packages for cucumbers.

Elena1807

The growing season for early tomatoes is 100 days. The optimal age of seedlings for moving to a permanent place is 45-50 days, and already about a week after planting, the first shoots sprout. In greenhouses, seedlings are planted in early June. Thus, in order to get a crop of young tomatoes by July 20, the seeds must be sown 107-108 days before, plus a few days for adaptation. As a result, the optimal sowing time is in the first week of April.

Chris32

The dates when you can plant tomato seedlings are the beginning of June. Here it is impossible to give precise recommendations, because in each climate zone its own characteristics. Climate change, sudden changes in weather conditions are forcing vegetable growers to plant vegetables when constant heat is established. This temperature is not lower than 20 degrees during the day and 12 degrees at night. Focus on the lunar calendar. You should look at the condition of the plants - it is better to plant them when the stem height has reached 25-30 cm. If the earth is well warmed up, after planting, the vegetables will set fruit in a week.

bolshoyvopros.ru

What is the best way to grow seedlings?

Konnova

Timely planted seeds guarantee timely germination, good growth, development and high fruiting. Gardeners are often mistaken about when to plant tomatoes for seedlings, because such a procedure depends on the influence of many weather, light and temperature factors. How, when and how to plant tomatoes, we will talk in today's article.

nata-s

1787 Replies

Olechkaa

Pepper seeds germinate at a temperature of 17-18-19 degrees, but very slowly, and many will not hatch at all. It is best to put them in a warm place, where it will be +30 degrees, where they will rise quickly and densely. At + 25, germination is also normal.

How to plant tomatoes for seedlings How to plant asters for seedlings video

Is it possible to grow tomato seedlings without picking - inexperienced gardeners often ask, fearing to damage fragile young plants in the process or not wanting to waste time on an optional step. It is possible - but it will still be up to you to decide what to do in this or that case.

And we will tell you in detail how to grow tomato seedlings without picking and whether it is worth doing.

Do tomatoes need picking

A pick is a transplant of young seedlings from a common box into a more spacious and individual container to increase their growth and nutrition area. If this procedure is carried out correctly, transplanting only helps to strengthen the seedlings.

Seedling picking - what is it and why is it needed?

We answer the questions of beginners, why do we need a picking of plants and when is it best to do it.

However, in order to carry out the process correctly, it is important to take into account a lot of nuances, otherwise there is a great chance only to harm the seedlings. It is important not to miss the phase of its growth, during which the picking is carried out, to prevent the plants from overgrowing and stretching, not to damage the still very tender root system and thin stems during the transfer - this is usually the cause for excitement for novice gardeners. Worries are also added about whether the transplanted sprouts will get sick from stress.

Picking tomato seedlings - a step-by-step master class

We answer the question: how to pick up seedlings of tomatoes and take care of them until planting in the ground?

Experienced gardeners, on the other hand, mainly complain about the time costs, because the picking of tomatoes is often carried out not once, but 2-3 times, which is a sufficient argument “against” in the case when there are a lot of seedlings, and it turns out that it is quite capable of doing without this procedure without prejudice to further growth and development.

The benefits of growing tomatoes without a pick

For the reasons described above, recent times sowing tomatoes for seedlings without picking is increasingly practiced. Moreover, admirers of this method argue that the resulting plants are in no way inferior to those that dived several times - which means why waste time and effort. It's just that tomatoes grown without picking, after planting, have slightly different requirements for growing than pre-picked ones.

So, the advantages of tomato seedlings without a pick:

saving time and effort of the gardener;
no possible damage to the stems and roots of tomatoes;
lack of stress in plants, which means better adaptation after planting in the ground;
excellent development of the main tap root, which was not pinched - such tomatoes need watering in the open field much less often;
the best adaptation of an adult plant to adverse conditions cultivation - after all, its parts were not damaged.

Tomatoes - growing seedlings without picking

Sowing tomato seeds for seedlings without picking is done in the usual way. Depending on the ripening period of the selected variety of tomatoes (soon, medium or late ripening), the seeds are planted in pre-prepared soil. They are pre-soaked in a solution of potassium permanganate, and the soil is disinfected and sterilized.

Seeds for seedlings that are not planned to dive can be sown even in the last days of May, while gardeners usually start working on tomatoes in February! In this case, you will receive fruits in the open field at the same time.

The differences begin at the planting stage - tomato seeds are not placed in a common container with soil, but immediately in individual containers. These can be plastic cups or peat pots. There is only one condition for them - that the volume of the container is enough not only for a crumb-sprout, but also for a larger, grown seedling plant. As a rule, this requires at least 0.5 liters, and even 1 liter is better.

A third of the volume of a disinfected container with drainage holes is filled with soil, spilled with water and sown in every 1-3 tomato seeds according to the usual technology, only slightly deepening. Why "spare"? Just in case any of the seeds don't germinate. If everyone survives, you leave the strongest and healthiest sprout (and it is advisable to do this without pulling out weak and deformed plants, but carefully cutting them with scissors). If you have few seedlings, well-grown "reserve" sprouts can simply be planted in a separate container.

We grow tomato seedlings at home (step-by-step master class with photo)

Step by step instructions on how to grow healthy and strong tomato seedlings.

As the seedlings grow, gradually pour the prepared soil into the glasses, after which the young tomatoes actively grow, quickly grow additional roots in addition to the undamaged main one and practically do not get sick.

Another option for planting tomato seedlings, which they do not plan to dive, can be self-made containers like pieces of film or non-woven material, collected in a kind of bag with tucked edges and tightly packed together in a box.

Seedlings in snails and diapers - saving space and soil

A few years ago, seedling snails and diapers became a real discovery among domestic gardeners. What are the pros and cons of this technology and how to properly grow seedlings in snails and diapers?

In this case, the entire volume of the bag is filled with soil, and if it is necessary to add earth, its edges are simply gradually unfolded. Otherwise, they operate as described above.

Large peat tablets are another great option for those who want to grow tomato seedlings without picking.

If you're really growing a lot of seedlings, don't want to mess around with hundreds of pots, or don't have a large, well-lit room to grow young plants, there's another option. Tomato seeds for seedlings without picking are sown all in the same common box, but with some nuances.

Firstly, the box is filled with earth, like cups, only a third. Secondly, tomato seeds are not sown tightly, as in the usual case with a planned pick, but rather rarely, at a distance of at least 5-8 cm from each other. Thirdly, as soon as the seedlings sprout, cardboard or plastic wide strips-partitions are placed between them in the ground so that their roots do not intertwine.

Caring for seedlings of tomatoes grown without a pick

Care is carried out according to the usual scheme for seedlings grown at home - additional illumination, timely watering as the soil dries out, top dressing, hardening. The main difference from the dived seedlings is the above-described backfilling of the earth in containers and the hilling of young plants.

Usually, tomato seedlings are fed twice with complex fertilizer - 10 days after picking and then two weeks after that. For non-dive tomatoes, a third such top dressing will also be useful.

Planting in the ground of such seedlings is carried out approximately on the 35-40th day after the emergence of seedlings. By this time, it should reach a height of 25-30 cm and have at least 8-11 well-developed leaves, and preferably a couple of well-formed inflorescences. Landing is carried out together with an earthen clod.

The selection of the best plants carried out at the seedling stage and good care in the future, by the time of planting, they allow you to get powerful and strong seedlings of tomatoes, which do not fade and are actively growing already in open ground.

Each gardener has his own habits and rules for growing seedlings. In addition, our plots differ significantly - soil, climate, location. Everyone has the right to grow their plants in the way that suits them best.

And we just told you that, contrary to popular belief, it is quite possible to grow strong and healthy tomato seedlings without picking - and many are already doing it. Why don't you try it too?

How to grow tomato seedlings at home?

Absolutely every beginner gardener can grow an excellent crop of tomatoes at home without outside help, observing all agrotechnical standards for sowing, diving and planting seedlings. Only by ensuring the correct vegetative regime for the development of an annual plant can one expect an excellent result of one's work on a personal plot.

Pledge big harvest always hidden as seeds. Before sowing these, you need to decide on the varieties of tomatoes, the timing of their ripening and the temperature conditions for sowing.

Varietal classification of tomatoes

Consideration should be given to the fact that tomatoes are classified according to stem height, fruit shape and ripening time. Among the most popular high-yielding modern varieties that take root in our natural and climatic conditions are:

small-fruited - Sweet 100, Evita, Mirabell;
medium-fruited - Martina, Goldene Koeniging, Harzfeuer, Balkonstar;
plum-shaped - Roma, San Marzano;
large-fruited - Master, Beefmaster, Supermarmande.

Variety of tomatoes for planting each owner land plot chooses based on the fleshiness and elasticity of the fruit for the purpose of further use in the economy - conservation, sandwiches, salads or sauces.

Before planting, it is worth deciding in advance whether the variety is classified as a determinant or non-determinant species. The first option involves the development of undersized plants, the second is prone to forcing the stem over two meters. This aspect implies completely different agrotechnical conditions for growing tomatoes in open ground.

Preparation of seed material and the timing of sowing tomatoes for seedlings

Planting tomato seeds for seedlings begins with preparation seed material, in particular, soaking seeds in water at room temperature with the addition of flower fertilizers and growth stimulants. The proportions of drugs are always indicated on the packages.

After bubbling, the seeds are distributed in one ball on moist gauze, folded in several layers, and covered with the same material in order to create a warm vacuum at a temperature of 30°C with the creation of effective air exchange. After a couple of days, moist and warmed seeds swell and expel the first buds.

Sow seeds in the soil in early March or early April. Growing tomato seedlings in a greenhouse causes earlier sowing. For forcing parosts, you need a tray, the dimensions of which are selected depending on the expected number of tomato seedlings grown. This can be a rectangular flower pot bought in a supermarket, or an unnecessary old vessel in the form of a metal or plastic basin.

The sowing container is filled with loose earth mixed with compost. You can buy loose humus in a specialized store, or cook it at home in autumn period time.

The poured layer of soil should not exceed fifteen centimeters, this height will provide optimal moisture impregnation, and will not create an excess of it. Sowing tomato seeds for seedlings is carried out at the rate of one seed per three square meters. see lands. The layer covering the sown seeds should not be dense and thick. The ideal option is 2-3 millimeters.

After the end of the sowing procedure, the container is placed in a warm place and the first shoots are expected. When these appear, it is necessary to take care of effective lighting of the installation site of the container, since a heat-loving plant, receiving a sufficient amount of light, will form not only a stem, but will give all its strength to the leaves, which will subsequently ensure strong and hardy seedlings.

At the beginning of forcing, the first two leaves are formed on the stalk. Since this moment intensive illumination of shoots begins in order to effectively form the root system of plants and harden them - taking them out into the street for several hours, increasing the time daily by twenty minutes. With the growth of shoots, the time of seedlings on the street also increases.

Planting tomato seedlings in a greenhouse

After hardening procedures at 60 days of age, seedlings can be planted in a pre-prepared greenhouse, the soil for tomatoes in which should be similar in structure to the soil in the seedling tray. Main useful property- saturation of the soil essential trace elements, able to determine the conditions for the growth of strong and fruit-bearing stems. The greenhouse should have a collapsible design, since after planting tomatoes in the ground, the process of getting used to natural climatic conditions will continue.

So many professionals in the agronomic field advise sowing seeds in the greenhouse right away. This makes it possible to simplify the task of growing seedlings, their hardening and picking at times.

Picking tomato seedlings

Growing tomato seedlings at home may involve planting them in open ground without the use of greenhouse structures. For this, the sown material at the age of 30 days is subjected to picking, transplanting into separate pots in order to develop a strong root system of a single stem. After the end of the period of late frosts, the dived seedlings are planted in fertilized soil, immersing the stem to the first lower leaf. If the seedlings have long stems, it is worth paying attention to their garter to a stably stable support, which can serve as an ordinary wooden glazing bead.

After the seedlings have taken root at the landing site, it is worth regularly monitoring the appearance of new shoots with already developed leaves. These sprouts should be removed in order to further form a strong root system of tomatoes.

To ensure a high future crop of growing tomatoes, you should not miss the appearance of four shoots on the seedlings and remove the tops.

Feeding tomato seedlings

The initial fertilization of the land for tomatoes requires the presence of a sufficient amount of humus in it. However, this is not at all enough to provide the plants with the necessary micro and macro elements throughout the entire vegetative period of development and fruiting. If the soil contains a balanced composition of the necessary biological substances, then there are no problems with the growth of tomatoes. However, the ideal option is rarely found in nature, often the gardener has to independently monitor the condition of the soil and plants, regulating the lack of useful components by fertilizing.

The lack of certain types of elements is always characterized by external defective manifestations in seedlings:

if the stems of the planted plants are thin, dense and acquire a purple color, while the plants are undersized and do not throw out inflorescences for a long time, there is a lack of nitrogen, which can be filled by applying nitrogen fertilizers;
if the leaves of the seedlings appear yellow and dark brown spots, the foliage curls and dries, while the stalks die - magnesium is not enough for tomatoes, due to which the so-called chlorosis develops;
if the tops of the seedlings have turned yellow, and the lower rows of foliage are still green, it is urgent to feed the tomatoes with calcium and iron;
in cases of a long absence of inflorescences, it is advisable to introduce phosphate fertilizers into the soil;
with a lack of manganese, the seedlings fade, weaken and are not able to physically form inflorescences;
the lack of boron contributes to the growth of many shoots from the rhizome when the main stem wilts, the seedlings turn into bushy plantations.

Tomatoes are very whimsical to watering and saturation of the soil with useful components. A particularly useful component is the usual wood ash, which must certainly be present in the beds of growing tomatoes.

Pest control

A very important point in growing seedlings is pest control. Especially dangerous for tomatoes is the aphid, which devours foliage and inflorescences. Help to fight it modern facilities intoxication. An effective biological method for controlling harmful insects is to grow tomatoes in the same area as nasturtium or poppy, which attract other types of insects that destroy aphids.

Tomato seedlings love the bright sun, warm, well-ventilated places, protected from the sultry afternoon heat, frequent watering the base of the stem with water at room temperature.

It is advised to pick tomatoes twice: the first time when a couple of leaves appeared, and the second time directly into the greenhouse or open ground. After that, the seedlings will be healthy, and the root system will be strong.

How to pick tomatoes

It is better to start picking when a couple of leaves appear on the seedlings, then they will better take root in a new place and will be less sick.

Picking stages:

Seedlings need to be watered before picking, the water softens the ground, so the tomatoes will be easily removed;
After a couple of hours, you can remove the seedlings one at a time and transplant them into separate pots (cups, etc.);
It is better to put on gloves on your hands, well, rag ones are better, they will protect both hands and seedlings;
In separate containers, the earth should be the same as in the general box, treated for pests with a weak solution of manganese, preferably warm (room temperature);

From the common box, the seedling is removed with a spatula or spatula (scoop), while the root is shortened by a third;

It is better to take seedlings by the leaves, and not by the stems, since the stem can be damaged and the sprout will die, and if the leaf is damaged, the seedling will be fine. And from below, the sprout takes up the clod of earth in which the root is located;

A hole is made in a separate pot, you can use your finger, you can use a pencil 5-6 cm deep, where the seedling is placed, while it is important not to bend the root, and all the leaves should be above the ground;

After planting, crush the earth around the seedling (compact);

When all the seedlings are dived, they need to be watered with water at room temperature and the seedlings should be left in the shade.

Seedling care after picking

In the future, the seedlings are watered twice a week, the main thing is that it does not dry out. As soon as the dived seedlings take root, they are transferred to a bright and ventilated place.

If the picking of tomatoes was not done in separate containers, but in another larger common box, then a second picking is also done, only the distance between the seedlings increases to 8 cm.

How to water tomato seedlings before picking

Before picking, tomato seedlings are watered 2-3 times a week with water at room temperature. At first, water a little, until the first seedlings appear, then after a week. You can not water often, the earth should dry out a little, but do not dry out.

You should not water the seedlings from above, you should try to water under the roots so that water does not get on the leaves.

In addition, you can spray the seedlings with skim milk. Half a glass of milk is diluted with one liter of water, and the leaves are sprayed in the morning. It helps with leaf curl and viral diseases of tomatoes.

note

Is it necessary to dive tomatoes

Many gardeners grow tomatoes without diving. To do this, the seeds are planted immediately in separate containers so that the roots of the seedlings do not intertwine.

With this planting, tomatoes will not need to dive when planting them in the ground or greenhouse. Only in this case, the seedlings get sick and take root for a long time.

How to plant tomatoes without a pick

In order to plant tomatoes without picking, you need to plant seeds in separate containers or a common box, partitioned inside into separate parts as follows:

Plant 3-5 pieces of seeds in one cup, it doesn’t matter if they are dry seeds or germinated;
When the seeds have sprouted, they need to be thinned out; for this, unnecessary and weak seedlings are not pulled out, but cut off at the root so as not to damage the roots of other plants. Usually two seedlings are left;
When leaves appear, thin out again, leaving one of the strongest and healthiest seedlings;

Soil should be poured into the pots as the seedlings grow, this strengthens the roots and accelerates their growth.

Seedling care without picking

Such seedlings are watered with water at room temperature, depending on the drying of the soil. Also, seedlings can be fed with fertilizers and exposed to light, each time turning the pots in the direction of light movement so that the seedlings do not grow crooked.

Before planting seedlings in a greenhouse or in open ground, it must be hardened off. To do this, the room where the seedlings are located is ventilated, and over time, the seedlings are taken out into the street for a while.

Do I need to dive tomatoes and peppers

It is believed that diving strengthens the plant, because:

When diving and pinching off a third of the root, the root system begins to branch, thereby strengthening the plant;
Diving tomatoes slows down their growth, which prevents the stems from stretching too much;
It is easier to transplant seedlings into the ground from separate containers without damaging the roots than from a common box, where the roots can get tangled and break when planted;
If the size of the pot corresponds to the size of the seedlings, then when watering, the root system develops and strengthens, and in large containers the water stagnates, the roots lack air and the seedlings begin to stretch.

Many gardeners argue about the importance and necessity of diving.

note

It is believed that in regions with a short summer and a cold climate, diving is necessary, since when diving and pinching off the root, the root system begins to grow to the sides, which is good for the plant. In such regions, fertile, nutritious and warm soil is on the surface.

At the same time, in warm regions there is no particular need for diving, since the root system will receive everything that it needs even at a depth.

Seedlings of tomatoes without a pick

A pick or dive is a transplant of young plants to another place. This method is widely used in growing seedlings. Tomatoes tolerate this procedure quite well, and some gardeners transplant young sprouts as they grow up twice or even three times. The time for the first picking comes when the first real leaves appear on the plants, this is about 7-10 days after germination.

Previously, following the general opinion that picking is necessary, even necessary and brings great benefits to seedlings, I also transplanted small sprouts of tomatoes from a common box into separate cups. It should be noted that this work is not difficult, but it never brought me much joy, probably too painstaking for me. Therefore, one day I tried to grow seedlings of tomatoes and peppers without picking at all. It turned out no worse, and since then for many years I have not been engaged in picking, to my pleasure.

Seedlings of tomatoes without a pick

I grow seedlings mostly in cups. And to avoid picks, I sow both tomatoes and peppers directly into cups. Moreover, I fill the containers intended for seedlings of tomatoes by a third, and for peppers - almost completely.

plastic cups for seedlings

Before sowing tomatoes, I fill the cups with soil by a third

I use seeds for planting harvested on my own, I always have enough of them, so I sow at least 3-5 seeds in each cup, I don’t save.

I sow 3-5 seeds in a cup

When shoots of tomatoes appear, I thin them out twice, and I don’t pull out unnecessary plants, but carefully cut them with scissors. First, I leave two sprouts in each cup, and when they grow up, get stronger and throw out 3-4 true leaves, then I leave only one of the strongest and healthiest plants.

Seedlings of tomato seedlings

I leave one plant per cup

Excess seedlings during thinning, if necessary, can, of course, be planted in other containers.

As the seedlings grow, I gradually add prepared soil to the cups. To avoid an unpleasant disease - the "black leg", I spud the young plants a little. After pouring the soil, the tomatoes quickly grow additional roots, grow actively and practically do not get sick. Peppers don't stretch as much as tomatoes, and you don't need to add a lot of soil to their cups.

Sometimes I grow some of the seedlings right away in boxes.

Tomato seedlings in a box

In this case, I also fill the containers at first only by a third, and then, as the tomatoes grow, I add soil to right level- at 12-15 cm. I put partitions between plants in boxes, so the roots do not intertwine and are not damaged during planting. This means that the adaptation of seedlings after planting in open ground is going very well.

A rigorous selection of the best plants and good care allows you to get powerful and strong seedlings of both tomatoes and peppers by the time of planting.

tomato seedling

sweet pepper seedling

There is practically no fallout of plants, they do not even wither and immediately actively grow.

Of course, I do not urge everyone to refuse to pick seedlings completely, but simply draw attention to the fact that good seedlings can be grown without this procedure.
blog Delicious Garden

Is it better to grow tomatoes with picks or like peppers?

Vladislav Nikolaevich ©

Sowing: if in a greenhouse - then 50-60 days before planting in a permanent place, if in open ground 50 days before planting. (when the return cold ends in your area, check with experienced gardeners) .
At the expense of picking: if you don’t have space, you can’t provide normal illumination - sow as late as possible, in the flesh up to 40 day old seedlings and always in individual cups, so you won’t need to slow down the growth of seedlings with a pick or drugs such as Athlete. If the opposite is true, then even more so without picking and in separate cups, just cut the roots in the soil with a knife, so that not the core, but the fibrous root system begins to develop. This is the most time-consuming way of growing seedlings, of course, if you do not need to grow vegetables in more than 2 families.
Varieties for "dummies". for 5 years I have been growing Semko 2003.ru in the open field, a red tomato, it yields a crop in any summer. Of the yellow ones - yellow buyan, early, tasty. You can recommend a lot of varieties to the greenhouse, but start with win-win and tasty ones: Blagovest, Platus, Chimgan, Pearl of Siberia - their bushes are no more than 1.8 m (semi-determinant).

Svetik

Tomatoes are better to dive. At first, I sow in one container in rows - it’s convenient in boxes from under cakes. Then I plant them in separate cups, pinch the root, and then not always 🙂 And sometimes I sow peppers in separate containers right away, sometimes just like tomatoes. But I didn't notice much of a difference. Even planted peppers do not differ from those that were sown immediately on the spot. Generally a lot different reasons for seedling growth - weather, seed quality and others. I sow peppers and tomatoes in March. Previously, it does not help, there was an experience of February seedlings. Martovskaya caught up with her and outstripped her in growth. Good luck.

Galina Spylnaya

With a pick.

Kuzmich

In Siberia, it is IMPOSSIBLE to grow tomatoes without picking.
P.S. Just like pepper. Our summer is short, without good seedlings of tomatoes you will not get.

Dina Erbit

Of course with a pick!

Nina Ablalimova

Tomatoes need to dive. For a greenhouse, you can try "grosmester", on the street - "matryoshka".

New day

I experimented last year, sowed with picks as usual and without it. Those without, sowed 2 pieces in a container, which I make from a film. I take a liter tank, wind a thick film on it in 2 layers, fix the edges and bottom with a stapler, remove the jar. I make such a glass 25-30 cm high. High enough, I explain why: I pour a little earth, about 5 cm, I plant seeds. If both plants sprouted, I remove one. And as the seedlings grow, I fill up the ground. The result is excellent seedlings with a powerful root system.
Tomato bushes grown without picking did not differ much from bushes grown traditional way. The harvest is the same, and there is less fuss with seedlings.
I live in the middle lane, so it is difficult to recommend varieties for your region. there are many defendants from Siberia, experienced gardeners. They will advise you something.

Anna Malchikova

Julia has a very interesting way of growing seedlings, she really gets a powerful root system. But I traditionally dive both tomatoes and peppers. Just for convenience: a lot of indoor flowers, and jars of sown seeds take up little space on the windowsill. And since the beginning of April, I have been throwing out seedlings that have been picked on a balcony glazed with plastic and live with an open door. Home is not very happy, but endure.

Yulia Solovyova

it is necessary to dive and tomatoes and peppers and eggplants,

Olga

I plant tomatoes in liter milk bags of 3-5 pieces. Those who ascended later, throw out the rest, dive into the same bag, burying them up to their ears (I make a hole with a pencil) They grow additional roots Before planting 1-2 plants in a bag

Marina

Now there are many seeds of the Siberian Garden company on sale - it is the Siberian selection, you should try them

Natalya Begisheva

tomatoes love picking. maybe a couple of times...
but the pepper is better to immediately plant in pots

Tatiana Tsivilskaya

I dive peppers, tomatoes and eggplants... I think it needs...

Len.to4ka

I also dive tomatoes, pepper - no. But I liked Julia's answer!

tatyana savchenko SIBERIA

I sow the seeds of tomato, peppers and eggplant in small containers - plastic jars of putty containers (I have been using them for many years). After the appearance of the first pair of true leaves (when the plants germinate, their first leaves are cotyledonous, the real ones appear later) I burst them into 0.5 l plastic glasses (I buy them in a disposable tableware store, they last 2-3-4 years). I fill the glasses with soil (slightly compacting) by about 3/4. Be sure to leave empty space in the glass, this is necessary so that you can add earth. When picking a tomato, I pinch off about 1/3 of the central root (this is necessary to stimulate the growth of the root system), I do not pinch the roots of peppers and eggplant. I deepen all plants to cotyledon leaves.
I have the following sowing dates for tomatoes. Large-fruited tall varieties for greenhouses - the end of Feral-beginning of March, early-ripening varieties for open ground - the end of March-beginning of April.
From year to year I plant proven, well-established varieties, adding 2-3 new ones.
My personal favorites are:
For greenhouses Raspberry Giant, Velmozha (improved Budenovka), Paul Robeson and sometimes, on the hunt, Persimmon. The first 2 varieties are very large-fruited, thin-skinned, fleshy, low-seeded, sweet. Paul Robeson - these are "black" tomatoes, very, very sweet, with good keeping quality, stored unpreserved almost until December, without losing their "marketable" appearance. Persimmon - large-fruited yellow tomatoes. The disadvantage of this variety is that it is difficult to transport and are poorly stored, but they are unusually tasty.
For open ground - Fighter (Buyan), Explosion (improved White filling), Altai standard - completely trouble-free varieties, as they say "for the lazy", do not require pinching, you can not tie up. More capricious Heavyweight of Siberia and Grushovka.
In general, Siberia is big. I wrote for the conditions of Novosibirsk

What capacity to choose

For normal development, tomatoes require a container with a volume of about 0.5 liters. You can take cut off packages from under milk, juice or beer plastic cups. The main thing is not to forget to make holes in the bottom of the container for water to drain. I grow seedlings in pretty large quantities, so I adapted to make glasses from old film - it's cheaper and you can always make the right amount.

For the manufacture of sowing containers I use segments plastic pipe left over from a used roll of film. The diameter of the tube is about 7-8 cm, the length is 30-35 cm. I loosely fill the prepared soil mixture into the tube. Then I wrap a rectangular piece of film around the pipe. I fasten it on the side with a piece of wire, and form the bottom of the future glass by turning the film protruding from the end. Then I put the glass on the ground and with a light tapping-shaking I remove the tube. The earth remains in the glass.

Soil preparation for seedlings

I tried a variety of soil for seedlings - purchased and home-made. Now I settled on a mixture of peat, earth and sand in a ratio of 2:3:1. Another type of substrate that I use successfully is coconut flakes. But when using it, you need to be very careful about the fertilizer of the seedlings, because there are no nutrients in the chips themselves.

I place the glasses stuffed with the substrate tightly on the greenhouse racks and be sure to water them with water. This must be done so that the earth settles before seeds are sown in it.

Sowing seeds

I sow the seeds immediately after filling the pots with the substrate. Sowing time is calculated taking into account the varietal characteristics of tomatoes. Early varieties by the time of planting in a permanent place should be 40-50 days old, late - 65-70 days. I try not to keep the seedlings in pots longer than the due date. The "old" seedlings take root worse, the harvest is delayed.

For sowing, I make a recess of about 1 cm in each pot and put a seed there. After that, I water the soil in pots again well. Until shoots appear, I maintain the temperature within 27-28 ° C. When the seeds hatch, I lower the temperature to 16-18 ° C. After a week, I raise the temperature by 2-3 ° C and maintain it throughout the entire period of growing seedlings.

shoots of tomatoes

Caring for tomato seedlings

Tomato seedlings in cups do not water too often. A large volume of earth retains moisture for a long time, even if the top layer is dry. I carefully observe the seedlings - if their shoots are elastic, with foliage raised up, then watering is not needed. And if the leaves are slightly drooping and the plants look wilted, it's time to water.

A little wilting of the leaves does not harm the tomatoes at all. Excessive moisture affects them much worse. But this does not mean that seedlings can be watered from time to time. It is important to catch the moment when the plants have just begun to wilt, but in no case dry out.

So that the seedlings do not stretch out, I illuminate it in such a way that the daylight hours last at least 18 hours. Some people leave the lamps on all night. I think that this is not necessary, because plants need at least a short rest period.

Planting seedlings of tomatoes

By the time of landing on a permanent place, the seedlings are fully formed and even sometimes throw out the first buds. Due to the large volume of cups, the root system of plants is well developed.

When landing at a permanent place, I unfold the film without disturbing the earthen clod. After that, I place the plants in the holes, sprinkle the earth and water. Thus, tomatoes practically do not notice the change of "place of residence" and continue to develop.

To collect good harvest, you need to take care of growing seedlings in time: prepare seed material, dishes, soil, after sowing, ensure optimal conditions so that the sprouts develop strong and survive the pick well. An important factor is when to sow the seeds.

Seedlings are planted in such a way that after planting in open or closed ground, it has time to bring a crop or bloom during the warm period of the year. For each culture, the timing will be different. On average, seeds are planted in February, and preparations begin immediately after the New Year.

We take into account the lunar influence

The position of the moon determines many processes that take place at the level of cells. The most favorable time for sowing seeds is when the moon is in its waxing phase. It enhances the circulation of juices and, accordingly, gives the sprouts additional strength for development.

Planting seedlings, as well as with a waning moon, is not desirable. At such a time, it is better to take care of developed bushes, loosen and fertilize. The most inappropriate time for crop production is the new moon, the day before it and the day after. During these three days, it is recommended not to touch the plantings in order to maintain their viability.

We take into account the growing cycle of plants

Before sowing, the seeds are subjected to stratification, i.e. awaken them. After that, being in a nutrient medium and warmth, the vegetation processes start in the seeds. The plant must go through a full cycle from the embryo, then the sprout to the adult plant and fruiting. However, in most regions of Russia, the warm season is too short, which is why tropical perennials have to be grown as annuals and crops are not planted immediately in open ground, but first at home, in the form of seedlings.

All plants differ in the duration of the stages of their development. Features of a particular variety should be indicated on the bag of seeds. However, there are also average indicators for different cultures. So, heat-loving vegetables are sown in early May. These include cucumbers, zucchini, pumpkins, cauliflower, squash, early ripe white cabbage.

The general rule is that seedlings move to open ground when the root system is already strong enough, and 2-4 true leaves have appeared on the stem. If you are doing seedlings for the first time, we recommend that you make calculations based on the calendar below.

Average time for germination and transplanting seedlings:

culture	Emergence of seedlings, days	Transplant age, days
cucumbers	3	up to 30
Peppers	14	up to 75
Tomatoes	6-8	up to 60
Zucchini	5	up to 30
eggplant	10-15	up to 60
Pumpkin	4-5	up to 30
	10-15	up to 55
head lettuce	4-5	up to 45
Cabbage	5-6	up to 50
Celery	15-18	up to 85

Counting backwards

Knowing how long and the level of heat a plant needs to bear fruit (or flowers, in the case of ornamental crops), and the approximate age suitable for relocating seedlings to open ground, it is not difficult to calculate in which month to sow the seeds.

To do this, it is necessary to subtract the required age of the sprouts and the number of days of germination from the seeds from the planned date of the seedling dive, and about 5 more days for the adaptation period of the seedlings. Some especially heat-loving plants, such as petunia, are recommended to be sown no earlier than March and transplanted in June to avoid the threat of spring cold snaps.

Advice! Seedlings are better to relocate a little undergrown than overgrown. Overexposed, it is difficult for transplantation, it grows more difficult, it is easily susceptible to diseases during the adaptation period.

We take into account climatic conditions

Cold-resistant crops that germinate slowly, like carrots, beets, radishes, radishes, lettuce, parsley, etc., can be sown in open ground when the ground at a depth of 7-12 centimeters during the day heats up to 7-10 ° C. For Moscow and For the Moscow region, this stage approximately falls on May 1, for the Leningrad region - May 10, for the black earth regions - the first ten days of April, for the southern regions - March 15.

Heat-loving crops (tomatoes, cucumbers, etc.) should be planted in open ground when the time for frost passes and constant heat sets in. As a rule, for the Moscow region - June 8-10, for the Leningrad region - June 12-15, for the black earth regions - the beginning of May, for the southern regions - April 5-10.

Gardeners need to understand when sustainable heat comes, the duration of this period. These characteristics change from year to year. Therefore, you need to focus on folk omens, average climatic norms and forecasts based on the analysis of the movement of global air masses.

We insure

Since none of the ways to predict the weather for a month in advance gives absolutely accurate information, it makes sense to plant heat-loving, cold-resistant crops under the film. To do this, a bed is covered with a coating for a while, a stationary or collapsible greenhouse or a tunnel (a greenhouse open at the ends) is arranged.

To enhance the heat-saving effect, the film is additionally covered with a nylon mesh with medium or small cells (the effect is provided by static electricity that occurs due to the friction of two coatings and retains warm air).

Advice! The terms of landing in open ground and in the greenhouse differ significantly (by 35-45 days).

Most convenient option- combined plantings, when the entire plot is planted at the same time: cold-resistant crops without shelter, and heat-loving crops (peppers, tomatoes and cucumbers) - in a greenhouse.

Considering the position of the sun

Direct sunlight adversely affects transplanted seedlings. Therefore, it is recommended to pick early in the morning, or in the evening - at dusk. Cloudy weather is considered optimal, in which landing can be carried out in the middle of the day.

Seeds are less sensitive to the position of the sun. In the apartment they can be sown at any time of the day, but it is better to do this in the morning. Cucumber seeds in an open garden are recommended to be sown on a sunny day.

We are planning landings

Considering the list of plants that you intend to plant this season, analyze which species and how you will grow, outline the approximate planting dates. So you can figure out when to sow seeds for seedlings.

species name, variety;
planned landing site (greenhouse or open garden);
whether you are going to grow seedlings or sow outdoors;
age of finished seedlings;
calendar days of sowing seeds for seedlings, you can easily calculate them based on previous information.

It will be useful to additionally add a column with the expected period of fruit formation or flowering. It is calculated based on the duration of the growing season of a particular variety. Following the table, sow the seeds at a certain time interval - so you can harvest or enjoy flowering longer. This is also convenient because the crop ripens gradually, and not all at once, so it is easier to dispose and store it. In addition, differentiated fit allows you to be less dependent on weather changes. Given the variety of weather conditions and growing areas, a spread within 10 days is allowed.

A systematic approach and calculation of the timing of planting seeds will help you grow healthy seedlings and get a rich harvest, increase fruiting periods, make it easier garden work and improve their performance.

The snow should not melt yet, and the gardener will already know whether the seeds germinate and whether it is time to plant seedlings. For different plants and the requirements will be different, and the time of landing, and the characteristics of the soil, and primary care. But in general, the algorithm is the same, by correctly observing it, the stage of growing seedlings can be passed unmistakably.

When is it time to plant seedlings in the ground

Seeds cannot be planted in open ground immediately - these are the basics of vegetable growing. To negative external factors in more seedlings are adapted. If you plant seeds, then changes in the weather or the actions of pests can destroy the entire crop.

Plants transplanted from pots are more resistant. In general, it is possible to determine whether pre-planting seedlings are needed by seeds. The larger the seeds, the more likely the plant is to sprout after planting in open ground. Small seeds need to be planted in pots, and this will be right.

Understanding when a plant needs to be planted is not difficult. There is a certain algorithm for growing seedlings. Of course, you also need to read the recommendations on the package. Usually, manufacturers place a scale there, and they indicate in it exactly when to plant seedlings, and when the plant is ready to take root in the ground.

But gardeners do not always use purchased seeds, they are often purchased "from hand" or directly collected by summer residents themselves. In this case, the disembarkation time is calculated independently.

Planting pepper seedlings (video)

How to calculate planting time

You need to be based on the date of landing in the ground. Don't do it too early. If, for example, the soil is protected, then the seedlings are planted in May, on the twentieth.

From preliminary date planting need to subtract the number of days that the growing season of the plant takes. Plus, add another 10-12 days for the seed germination stage.

You can consider this on the example of early ripening tomatoes. Their growing season is 90 days. After five, a maximum of ten days, the first shoots of tomatoes appear. This means that a little more than three months are taken from the landing period in the ground. It turns out that in March, in principle, you can plant seedlings.

It is impossible to be strictly equal to this calculation, because the determining factor is the climatic conditions that are characteristic of your region.

The average time for planting plants in the ground:

pepper - 70 days after germination;
cabbage - after 50 days;
cucumbers - after 40 days;
tomatoes - after 60 days.

For seedlings of flowers, the timing will be slightly different. Before the beginning of June, it is not worth planting heat-loving flowers, but cold-loving ones can be safely planted already in May. For example, petunias. In February, you can plant seedlings of flowers, from which cascading forms with fairly large flowers are usually formed.

But marigolds at home are planted for seedlings already in April, and already in the ground - in June. These plants do not like frost, so early planting dates are not for them.

Seedlings planted in February

Seedlings are planted in February:

early varieties of vegetables, plants for greenhouses;
root celery;
black onion;
eggplant;
salad;
basil;
peppers;

Dill and can also be planted at this time.

Planting seedlings of early cabbage (video)

Seedlings planted in March

In March, the planting of tomato seedlings begins. And although April is indicated on many instructions, it is still correct to carry out this process in March. Most summer residents plant tomatoes from March 5 to March 10. Such an early date is due to the fact that tomatoes are susceptible to late blight, and to prevent this from happening, early seedlings are required.

For the harvest early cabbage seedlings should be done in mid-March. Cold-resistant varieties will be the best choice.

What is needed for seedlings

In the list necessary tools and materials for seedlings are:

ready ground,
seedling containers,
seeds directly,
expanded clay,
watering can,
sprayer,
scapula.

How to choose good seeds? Carefully study the information on the package if the month until which you can use these seeds falls on the last month of the current or the first next year, the seeds are suitable.

Soil for growing seedlings can be harvested independently or purchased ready-made.

To sow seeds, you need to prepare seedling boxes. Gardeners, in general, prefer containers with sides of 8 cm. These can be ordinary plastic containers, or peat pots that are loved by many summer residents. And some gardeners are faithful to tetra-packs - the cheapest containers, which, meanwhile, do their job in an excellent way.

You can also use it as a container for seedlings.:

juice boxes,
large ice cream boxes
dessert boxes,
plastic yogurt jars.

Drainage holes must be made in these containers so that there is no stagnant water in such mini-beds.

Planting seedlings of cucumbers (video)

The planting process

A layer of expanded clay is laid out at the bottom of the container. It is about a centimeter. Soil is poured on top, it needs to be lightly tamped, and leave room to pour earth to the seedling.

The lunar calendar can and should be used during the landing process. For example, crops with above-ground fruits should be planted on the growing moon, and with underground ones - on the waning one.

If there are a lot of seeds, then large seeds in a pot can be planted in 2-3 pieces: it will be possible to choose the strongest seedling from the seedlings. Small seeds do not need to be sprinkled with soil, but they are watered with a sprayer.

There are not so many difficulties in planting seedlings - rather, it is a painstaking process that requires care. Having got the hang of it, it will be easier to plant seedlings every year, and many things will turn out automatically. The main thing is to do everything on time, not to rush, and let the plant gain strength.