A program that measures the temperature of the processor and card. CPU temperature and other data on the taskbar

The category of CPU temperature gadgets for Windows 7 and 8 includes desktop gadgets that inform you about the temperature of the processor. The processor in a computer is very important element, which is responsible for the correct operation of the system, so it is extremely important to prevent it from overheating. By installing the processor temperature gadget on your desktop, you will always be aware of its status and will be able to correct processes that create excessive load.

The central processor is the "heart" of an electronic device and its "brain" at the same time, one of the main components, moreover, quite expensive. Therefore, to prevent its failure - important task a user who is attentive and scrupulous about his computer.

In order to always be aware of information about how safe the functioning of the CPU is at the current moment, it is advisable to download the processor temperature gadget for Windows 7. A mini-application that does not affect the stability of the computer device and does not look like a stray bird among your usual shortcuts thanks to its compactness and good looks, can effectively control the level of processor heating and display current data on the desktop.

In situations where the cooler works with insufficient intensity, the internal contents, the so-called "hardware", are dirty and dusty, and the thermal paste died a long time ago, having dried up without a trace, the temperature gadget will become a kind of lifesaver that will inform the user about that something is going wrong, and the “machine” needs to be diagnosed with the participation of a specialist. And as an ambulance, urgent actions will help, as a result of which the CPU temperature will drop to non-critical: the Windows 7 gadget will tell you which processes should be deleted to reduce the degree of heating.

CPU temperature is a gadget whose importance is difficult to overestimate

What causes processor overheating? The least that you can expect is a sudden spontaneous reboot or shutdown of a computer device. However, it is much worse when the processor finally and irrevocably burns out, requiring an expensive replacement. To prevent this from happening, the processor temperature gadget for Windows 7 is designed. Especially if you work in an unconditioned room during the hot season. Under such conditions, the risk of overheating of the hardware increases several times.

By the way, local cooling devices recommended by consultants when buying a computer do not have enough power to fully cope with the task assigned to them. Therefore, of course, you can buy such a device, but this does not negate the need to download the processor temperature gadget for Windows.

On our website in the corresponding catalog you will find many similar mini-applications. Convenient, compact, lightweight and easy to manage temperature gadgets for Windows 7 are offered by us for download absolutely free of charge, without registration and sending SMS. You simply select a widget that is suitable in appearance and functionality, click the "Download" button, then follow the step by step instructions, and after a few minutes the mini-application is installed on your computer. The catalog contains Windows 7 processor temperature programs in Russian and English- download, install and use the one that is more convenient and understandable for you.

CPU Usage Gadgets for Windows: Goals and Opportunities

It is no secret that the higher the level of processor load, the higher its temperature. At the same time, information about both the load as a whole and the breakdown by cores is equally important. Therefore, the so-called cpu usage gadget, which shows how loaded the device is with various processes, it is advisable to always have it in front of your eyes by installing it directly on the desktop.

We talked about the benefits, now let's move on to aesthetics. Any CPU temperature widget for Windows 7 from our catalog is elegant and attractive. Stylish covers and user-friendly interfaces facilitate operation and do not cause the slightest complaints from connoisseurs of impeccable aesthetics. Different shapes, shades, fonts, changeable appearance and many other nice additions that Windows 7 CPU Temperature Gadgets are equipped with will please those who care about how their desktop looks.

In addition to the main ones, these mini-applications also provide additional, but no less useful options. For example, it allows you to control electronic devices at a distance, monitors the operation of computer components and functions, checks the stability of the Internet connection, and others.

For the comfort of users, in some multifunctional gadgets, you can even find information about the weather and the exact time, in the form of original bright diaries and stickers, music or games, and the like.

Our collection seemed to you not extensive enough? We want to assure you that we are working on replenishing it, so if today you did not manage to pick up and download the processor temperature gadget for Windows 7, then the application you need will appear very soon. If you have already met the utility you are interested in, feel free to start downloading! We should not forget that one of the circumstances that can turn into significant trouble for any electronic device is excessively high CPU temperature: the Windows 7 gadget that controls its level will allow you to always keep your finger on the pulse of your computer.

We also invite you to take a walk through other sections of the virtual catalog of our site - useful, interesting, cool and funny are looking forward to your attention. You can download them for free in any quantity, while installing even a dozen widgets will not have a tangible impact on the speed and stability of your computer. On the other hand, the decision made out of necessity to download the processor temperature gadget may be an occasion to acquire several more applications that will undoubtedly benefit you in the future.

We are waiting for your feedback on our gadgets, we hope you will like them, and you will return to us again in search of interesting and necessary new products!

Hello, dear readers of the blog site. Everyone probably knows that any electronic component has resistance, and if current passes through it (and without current, the computer and all its components cannot work), then it heats up. Computers and laptops are designed in such a way that excess heat is removed to the outside and thus maintained normal temperature computer. this is how a new system unit or laptop works.

And almost all users completely forget that over time, the heat removal system can change its characteristics and then overheating of the components is inevitable. You will most likely find out about overheating through unstable system operation, reboots, a blue screen of death, or what is completely bad through a burnt component (motherboard, processor, memory or video card). I hope that this did not happen to you and you are reading this article to prevent overheating and checking the temperature of your computer will now be a simple procedure for you.

So, for starters, let's decide what temperature is considered normal for each of the components and which one will be critical.

What is the normal temperature of the computer, and what is already critically high

For each component of the system, its own specific temperature is considered normal.

  • what should be the temperature of the cpu

The normal temperature of the processor lies in the temperature range up to 55 degrees in mode permanent job. Optimal temperature Of course, it is better to keep the processor in the region of 30-40 degrees. How to optimize heat dissipation I will tell a little lower. If the temperature goes over 60 degrees, the processor system starts to slow down to cope with overheating. It will be expressed in slow work. When the temperature bar reaches 80 degrees, the system will start to reboot and turn off to save the life of the processor. Therefore, controlling the temperature of the processor in optimal values ​​will allow your computer or laptop to work faster.

  • What is the normal temperature for a graphics card?

For a video card, the situation is slightly different. And this is due to the large loads on the graphics processor. Accordingly, the normal temperature of the video card for each individual case is different. But general recommendations better to know to understand the operating temperature of the video card. The main thing is to determine for what purposes it is used. It is designed and developed for continuous game processes or it is a video card for an office computer, where work with graphics is minimal. Plus, it is important to understand how powerful the cooling system is installed on it. For example, you run a powerful game on a weak video card, and it is designed for simple office work, then you will get a correspondingly higher temperature. In general the best temperature to work will be a range of up to 70 degrees. This is quite normal and not critical. However, for weak old cards, this can be deadly. The maximum temperature of the video card, after which we should expect some consequences, is 90-95 degrees.

  • normal motherboard temperature

With motherboards, everything is much simpler. They do not perform powerful calculations like a video processor and a processor, and, accordingly, there are practically no problems with overheating. However, it is worth knowing the normal operating temperature of the chipset. Range up to 45 degrees normal operating temperature.

  • normal temperature inside the case

By and large, the temperature inside the case does not play a special role, if all components are working in normal ranges. It is worth bothering with the temperature in the case only if you have done everything to reduce the heat on the components themselves, and overheating does not go away. Then you should think about the removal of heat from the case. Perhaps you stuffed an old case with so many powerful components that there are not enough holes for heat circulation in the case to remove it.

In my personal experience I will say the following - the lower the temperature of the hard drive, the longer it will serve you without problems. Try to keep the temperature under 30 degrees.

How to check computer temperature. Program for measuring computer temperature

There are several ways to view and test the temperature of components, including programs that allow you to check how the computer behaves under load.

1. Computer BIOS. This is a system written into the flash memory of the motherboard that allows your laptop or computer to boot. And most motherboards allow you to see the temperature of the components. Although this is not required. Some don't show. You can press either F2 or Del or F12 right after turning it on, depending on the type of BIOS and motherboard. There is only one "BUT". The BIOS shows the temperature as if at "idle" of your computer. Therefore, this option, although it shows it, is not very informative. Although, even if the computer overheats in this mode, then the affairs of your device are very bad. Turn it off and look for a solution to the problem.

2. Second and most correct option is a program for checking the temperature of a computer. There are a lot of them, but we will consider the best. And there are two in my opinion.

The first program for measuring computer temperature is HWMonitor. It is very easy to install (no installation required) and easy to use. Download the archive with the program from this link. Download one of the files (setup will need to be installed, the archive is a program that does not need to be installed). I downloaded the portable version, unpacked and ran the 64 bit version.

The window that you will see is the whole program for measuring computer temperature. We look at specific values ​​​​and analyze. Shows the minimum, maximum and current values ​​for the period since the start of the program.

Another program is a more advanced solution for analyzing and viewing characteristics. The most useful for us this case will test the temperature of the computer under load. It is called AIDA64 and you can download it from the site. There is also a version for both installation and a portable version. The program is paid, but it works for free in trial mode for a full 30 days.

Downloaded, unpacked and launched.

The temperature is displayed in the tab computer -\u003e sensors. But the most interesting is hidden in the tab " Service -> Test"

Here you will already see how your system behaves under load. We press the Start button and see how the load grows to 100 percent and the temperature rises. At some point, during high heating, Throtting appears, the processor skips frequency cycles, i.e. tries to reduce the load to lower the temperature. Despite this, my processor did not cross the critical temperature limit.

Causes of overheating and how to fix the problem

In case you have already detected overheating of the system, you should take measures:

  • The first and most common solution to the problem is to clean your system unit or laptop. AT literally this word. We open the system unit and clean all the fans, cooling radiators and all openings in the case from dust for normal air circulation.
  • Secondly, it is necessary to check whether the fans work at all and how easily they spin. If the fan is worth it, be sure to replace it. I think this will solve most of the problems.
  • Third - if the first two points did not help, then it is necessary to cool the space around the radiators. This implies the creation supply ventilation and blowing warm air. Install one blower fan first and check how much the temperature has changed.

CPU temperature monitoring - gadget for Windows 7 (video)

Overheating of components computer technology leads to its unstable operation and unforeseen failures. In case of problems, it is necessary to find out the temperature of the components, or rather, constantly monitor it in order to prevent a critical state.

The examples given in this article are applicable to various manufacturers of processors (Intel, AMD), video cards (NVIDIA, AMD, Intel), disk media. Also, the guide applies to desktops, laptops, and all-in-one computers running Windows, and in some cases, Linux. Most of the programs in question have a Russian translation or an intuitive interface.

Universal programs

The easiest way to determine temperature readings is to use a program that can show the temperature sensors of all devices. Below are examples of such programs.

1 Speccy

This is a free little program. You can download from the official site.

After installation and launch, in the first window we will see all the information we need:

* 1) CPU temperature. 2) motherboard (northbridge). 3) video cards. 4) disk media.

2. SpeedFan

The program is designed to control the speed of coolers, however, temperature display is an integral part of it. Also, you can configure the autorun of the program and constantly see the temperature readings in the tray.

We start the program - in the first window we will see the indicators from the sensors:

3. AIDA64 (everest)

it good program, but some features are only available in the paid version. Therefore, it is not advisable to use it only to determine the temperature. However, if AIDA is already in the system, you should use it.

Run the program - open the item A computer- click on Sensors. On the right we find Temperatures:

If we minimize the program, we will see all temperature indicators in the tray.

4. HWMonitor

AT different versions microprograms we will see different variants presentation of information:

4. Various gadgets

You can also find various gadgets on the Internet for constantly displaying temperature information on the Windows desktop, for example, Intel CoreSerie.

5. CPU-Z

It would seem that the CPU-Z program should show all information about the processor. However, the developers have released a separate HWMonitor utility (described above), which allows you to view the temperature of PC components.

Graphics card temperature

Without special programs, it is not possible to find out the temperature of the video card. Let's look at a few utilities that will allow you to do this.

1.GPU-Z

A simple utility for displaying information about the video card, in particular, temperature. Good way, if you don't want to install anything, you can run the program without installing it. You can download from the official site.

After launch, go to the Sensors tab and in the GPU Temperature section we will see information about the current temperature:

By clicking on the section, you can select the display mode, for example, average temperature readings for the entire period:

2. GPU Temp

We go to the program website, download it and start the installation process. After we start and see the necessary indicators:

3. Gadgets

As for the processor, you can also find gadgets for the video card. For example, NVIDIA GPU Temp displays the temperature of a video card from the same manufacturer.

HDD or SSD temperature

Well, let's analyze the programs that will allow you to find out the temperature of the hard drive.

1.CrystalDiskInfo

The program is useful, first of all, by displaying the health of the disk. But it also displays its temperature:

2.HD Tune

This utility allows you to diagnose the disk, view its performance, including temperature:

3. HDD temperature

This is a paid utility, so it is not interesting in the context of viewing the temperature. However, if such a program is already in the system, you can use it:

4.HDDlife

The option is working, but also not the best the best choice to check the temperature - firstly, paid, and secondly, it does not support all equipment.

Normal component temperature

Within what limits should the temperature be kept for various components.

Processor

  • Up to 42 o C. Processor idle.
  • Up to 65 - 70 o C (depending on model). Under load.
  • Up to 61 - 72 o C (depending on model). The most recommended.
  • 94 - 105 o C. Enable throttling - performance degradation.
  • More than 105 o C. Turning off the computer to prevent combustion.

Please note that these figures are subject to change as technology changes. If you need to find out the exact information on a particular processor, you can use the tips in various programs, for example, in the Core Temp presented above:

Thus, these figures are arbitrary - the norm depends on the manufacturer (Intel, AMD ...) and the specific model. Also, the rate for most laptop processors is lower. It is most correct to go to the page of a specific processor and see its temperature rate.

Video cards

AT more, working temperature video card depends on its class - for an accurate definition, you should study the documentation. The averages are roughly as follows:

  • Up to 45 o C. In idle mode.
  • Up to 85 o C. Under load.
  • Up to 100 o C. Maximum recommended.

Above 100 o C, the video card starts the throttling process and, if it does not help, turns off the computer.

Disk

  • Up to 45 o C. In idle mode.
  • Up to 53 o C. Maximum recommended.

At temperatures above 53 degrees, the depreciation of the disk increases significantly, which leads to an acceleration of its failure. The maximum allowable threshold for SSD drives is slightly higher and can reach up to 70 degrees.

The minimum operating temperature of the disk should be between 24-26 degrees. Lower values ​​may cause damage. Therefore, if we brought a cold carrier from the street, we should not immediately use it in our work. Thus, a comfortable temperature for the disk is from 25 to 45 degrees Celsius.

These figures are valid for both internal and external drives, since, in fact, the latter are the same drives placed in separate boxes.

Consequences of overheating

As mentioned above, overheating of components can cause various kinds of problems. You can judge a possible overheating by the following symptoms:

  1. Computer slowdown. To prevent burnout and shutdown, the processor and graphics card start the process of throttling. In fact, they begin to work with underestimated performance, which leads, on the one hand, to a decrease in heat generation, and on the other hand, a decrease in productivity.
  2. Excessive noise. Most often, controlled fans are installed in the computer, which begin to rotate faster when the temperature is exceeded. Of course, this leads to an increase in the noise level.
  3. Spontaneous shutdown of the computer. To prevent final combustion, the device sends a signal to stop the power supply, which leads to an abrupt shutdown of the PC. This is an extreme measure.
  4. The appearance of colored figures (artifacts) on the screen. A typical symptom of overheating video card.
  5. FPS drop in games. A special case of slowing down the PC.
  6. Hot body. As a rule, this can only be noticed for monoblocks and laptops.
  7. Blue Screen of Death (BSOD). In rare cases, the system issues a stop error.

Causes of overheating and how to reduce the temperature

We will analyze the reasons when the temperature of the components starts to go beyond the permissible range.

  1. Dust. Most often, dirt inside the system unit or laptop is the cause of the deterioration of thermal conductivity and the rise in temperature. To solve the problem, we disassemble the computer and blow out the dust using a can of compressed air.
  2. Accumulation of hot air inside the case. To get started, you can try to open the side cover of the computer, if it helps, install an additional fan on side wall. For a laptop, you can buy a cooling pad.
  3. Thermal paste drying out. Remove the CPU cooler, wipe off the rest of the thermal paste and apply a new layer.
  4. Weak work fans. If their rotation is weak, the cooling efficiency will be lower than expected. You can measure the fan speed with the help of the above programs, for example, SpeedFan. You can try to clean the fans from dust, lubricate, replace.
  5. Proximity of components to each other. Iron can heat each other. If there is space, it is worth placing the disks on long distance apart, the same applies to video cards. Inside the case, all the wires should be carefully bent around the edges, leaving a lot of space in the center for efficient air circulation.
  6. High ambient temperature. In summer, you need to cool your computer more. It is also worth making sure that the computer is away from batteries or other sources of heat.
  7. Power problem. If the power supply is too high, overheating will occur. You can measure the voltage using the utilities described above, for example, AIDA64 or HWMonitor. If the voltage indicators are exceeded, we will try to connect the computer to another source of electricity or replace the power supply.
  8. Inefficient Windows power mode. If the power mode is set to maximum performance, you should try setting it to balanced.
  9. Overheating of the power supply. Some models of power supplies have a blown fan towards the processor, which worsens the effect of the cooling system of the latter.

One of the factors affecting the speed of a computer / laptop is the temperature of the processor, video card and other components. The higher the temperature, the slower the computer/laptop will run. If the processor is very hot, the video card may fail, and long-term operation in high heat mode reduces its service life. At critical temperatures, the device will spontaneously turn off (protection against overheating). In order to prevent overheating of the processor, video card and other components of a computer / laptop, it is necessary to periodically monitor the temperature and, at critical values, take measures to reduce it. How and how to check the temperatures of the processor, video card and how to reduce the temperature will be described in this article.

There are two ways to check the temperature of the processor, video card and other computer/laptop components:

1 View temperature in BIOS;

2 Use third-party programs.

Find out the temperature of the processor and other components in the BIOS.

In order to get into the BIOS when booting a computer, laptop, press the F2 or Del key (the buttons may differ, depending on the model of the motherboard). Then in the settings you need to find the Power / Monitor menu in different versions of the BIOS will be different. There you will see the temperature of the processor, motherboard, etc..

I will give an example of how I watched the temperature on the ASUS motherboard in UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface - a replacement for the obsolete BIOS, used in modern motherboards). Once you are in UEFI, click the "Advanced" button.

After that, go to the "Monitor" tab, you will see the temperature of the processor, motherboard and a lot of other information.

Thus, without installing any programs, you can find out the temperatures of the computer / laptop components. The disadvantage of this method is that not all motherboards have this option and it is impossible to see the processor temperature under load (when running "heavy" programs or games).

Find out the temperature of the processor, video card using programs.

Exists a large number of various programs that will show you online meaning temperatures of computer/laptop components. In this article, I will analyze several of these applications and give my assessment of their work.

Find out the temperature of computer / laptop components using the AIDA64 program.

AIDA64 is one of the most popular computer/laptop review and diagnostic software. AIDA64 provides comprehensive information about the composition of the computer: hardware, programs, operating system, network and connected devices, and also shows the temperature of all devices on the computer / laptop.

The window of the program, which shows the temperature data from the sensors.

It should be said that the program is paid and trial version (30 days) does not show information about all devices, in my opinion this is the main disadvantage of this program.

Find out the temperature of the processor, video card using the Speccy program.

Speccy is a small utility from the developers of the most popular application for cleaning your computer of system junk CCleaner. At startup, Speccy monitors the hardware of the computer, and displays information about operating system, characteristics of installed iron and data from sensors.

Below the program interface.

In my opinion, one of the best programs to determine the temperature of the processor, video card, etc. In addition to information from sensors, it also provides detailed analysis all hardware installed on a computer / laptop. The big plus is that the program is free.

Find out the temperature of the processor, video card using the CPUID HWMonitor program.

CPUID HWMonitor - a program designed to monitor indicators various components computer / laptop (temperature, fan speed, as well as voltage).

Below is the interface of this program.

In my opinion perfect solution, those who are only interested in information about the temperature of all PC components. No unnecessary information, only temperature and fan speed, plus minimum and maximum values Moreover, this program is absolutely free.

What should be the temperature of the processor and video card.

Different processor manufacturers set their own temperature, but generally speaking, the temperature should be between 30 -45 ° C in idle, up to 60-65 ° C in load, anything above is considered critical. Let me explain that these are average values, you need to look for more specific information on the website of your processor manufacturer.

For a video card, the normal temperature is up to 50-55°C at idle, under load up to 75-80°C. These average values ​​can be found on the website of the manufacturer of your video card.

What to do when the temperature of the processor, video card is high.

1 Clean your computer/laptop from dust. Make sure all coolers and ventilation holes free from dust. This is the most common overheating problem in a computer or laptop. To eliminate it, you need to disassemble the computer / laptop and remove all the dust that interferes with cooling.

2 Replace thermal paste. Thermal paste is a layer of thermally conductive compound (usually multi-component) between the processor and the heatsink. Over time, this paste dries up and loses its properties, because of this, the processor and video card overheat. To replace it, you need to disassemble the computer, remove the old thermal paste from the laptop and apply a new one in a THIN layer. Typically, thermal paste is replaced when cleaning a computer / laptop from dust.

3 Replace the radiatorcooler. You should choose a better heatsink, cooler for better cooling of the computer. In addition, it is quite possible that an additional cooler should be installed on the case for better heat dissipation from the computer.

I hope I helped you determine the temperature of the processor, video card and you were able to reduce it and achieve faster and more stable operation of your computer / laptop.

Any user should have a program that determines the temperature of computer components. Carefully monitoring the operation of the processor and video card chips, preventing them from overheating, you can significantly extend the time of their operation and avoid failures. Overheating of the system can occur due to a breakdown of the cooling system, clogging of cooling coolers with dust, broken BIOS settings, and a number of other reasons.

The computer itself gives signals if it starts to overheat - it can turn off abruptly, spontaneously reboot or the monitor screen will start to run stripes , noise . If you notice any symptoms of overheating in your system, you should check it with one of the following programs.

Speedfan you can download from the link

The program monitors the fan speed and quickly finds problems in the cooling system. When a critical temperature is detected , Speedfan displays a fire icon . This usually indicates that the user needs to fix the problem urgently. But take into account - some computer components can easily withstand high temperatures - overheating does not threaten them.

The application is very easy to use and fully Russified. It has a simple and advanced options system. The program records all the results in a special journal, which can be opened at any time and analyze how the temperature changes over time.

hmonitor you can download from the link http://soft.oszone.net/program.php?pid=106

The program displays the result of temperature measurement in the form of graphs and diagrams, calculates the voltage in volts. It is suitable for both beginners and experienced users. Runs at high speed and from any removable media. All received data is saved. Hmonitor is completely free for the user, but there is no Russian version.

Temp Taskbar You can download it by following the link http://www.f1cd.ru/soft/base/temperature_taskbar/temperature_taskbar_1000

The utility is very easy to use and is distinguished by its color settings - you can choose which color of the 3 main ones the taskbar will be highlighted when overheating is detected.

CoreTemp you can download it for free at the link http://soft.mydiv.net/win/download-Core-Temp.html

The program has sensors that detect all temperature fluctuations in any direction. It is also equipped with a convenient widget that allows you to get information about the temperature from the desktop without opening the program. It has a mobile version so that you can monitor the computer remotely - while away from home (relevant for people who are engaged in mining and other similar activities). You can view how much the computer 's RAM is loaded .

AIDA64 download the program here http://www.aida64.ru/

The program is a complete monitoring complex. It is able to carry out powerful diagnostics of the entire computer and removable media connected to it, and will also show the temperature of each processor core. If the temperature of the processor or video card becomes too high or the speed of rotation of the cooler blades is very slow, the program notifies the user about this.

Provided choice of further actions: open the installed program, send an alert by mail or turn off the computer. To start the analysis in the program interface, you need to select the “ Service", then - " System stability test". After a short time, the temperature change graph will be displayed. You will have to pay to download this utility , but the creator provides one month free trial .

GPU- Z you can download the program here http://www.softportal.com/software-5916-gpu-z.html

A simple and understandable utility will show all the necessary information about the state of the entire computer system. Monitors the temperature of the processor and video card. It is possible to record the readings of all sensors.

Speeccy

The program analyzes almost all computer components. Shows the temperature of the processor and video card, displays information on the main page of the interface. The application is available in two versions: one is free - with the necessary minimum of functions, and the second - with many additional features, destined already for the system administrators and specialists in the field of informatics. Read in detail and with images from Dmitry Kostin.

Of course, not all programs of this kind were considered above. If you do not find support for the functions you need , you should look for other solutions on the Internet .

Most importantly, sites very often change the conditions for downloading programs. Suddenly, you will be given a record that the program is shareware, and next to it is a price like $ 39. Leave this site all these programs and utilities are free . They can be found in the search bar by making a request by keywords. For example: download a program for free and insert the name of the program. What programs do you use to check the temperature of your PC? Please share in the comments. Thank you in advance.

Sincerely, Nadezhda Suptelya

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