Water-based paint is a durable and non-toxic material that is easy to apply, does not crack and is affordable. The dye is easy to use, provided the correct consistency is applied. How to dilute water-based paint, what types there are, we will look at in this article.
Types of water-based paint
Water-based paint is a paint and varnish material whose base is water. It is mainly used for painting interior surfaces, but some varieties are also used for exterior work.
Water-based dyes are divided into the following types:
- based on PVA glue - polyvinyl acetate, the most cheap material;
- based liquid glass- silicate, have poor moisture resistance;
- resin-based - silicone and acrylic, have best performance durability and strength, the latter are also the most expensive in price;
- latex - resistant to fading and moisture.
Any type listed water-based paints can be diluted with water, which is convenient and practical to use.
When to dilute the water-based composition
Usually, if the paint was purchased before its expiration date, it is not diluted after uncorking. In this case, the consistency of the composition is optimal for use.
Dilution with water is required in two cases:
- if for re-use you take a previously opened and standing can, the paint in which has had time to thicken and dry;
- if the painting process will take place using a spray gun, into which a more liquid composition must be poured.
To determine whether water is needed, mix it thoroughly. If a large amount of non-draining composition remains on the blade, then dilution is required; the amount of liquid is determined by eye. The main thing to consider is not to overdo it with adding water, as this may disrupt performance characteristics applied layer.
If, after opening, it turns out that the composition is too liquid or that an excess amount of water was added during dilution, the paint is left open for a while.
Many people are interested in the question: is it possible to thin water-based paint if it has dried? No, if the paint dries out too much, it cannot be restored.
What is applied
Water-based paint is a quick-drying, water-based composition without a strong odor. Small drops of various fillers are dissolved in the dye along with water, which give it its final operational properties. After applying paint to the surface, the liquid from its composition is partially absorbed and partially evaporated. The speed of the process allows the protective layer to form quickly, but the final result depends on what the surface is made of. Moreover, it will depend on how the coloring composition will be applied whether and how to dilute the water-based paint.
Apply in two ways:
- Manual. In this case, rollers and brushes are used. When applying paint to ceilings and walls in this way, a more viscous structure of the mixture is required; in this case, it is easy to ensure uniform application of the layer and its quality, in which there will be no smudges.
- Mechanical. In this case, use a spray gun or spray gun (manual or electric). The use of this device can significantly facilitate the painting process and cover large areas. The peculiarity of this equipment is that the paint mixture passes through nozzles under pressure, due to which it lies on the base in a more uniform layer. Therefore, the composition for use in a spray bottle should be more liquid in consistency than in the first method, approximately one and a half to two times.
Breeding rules
To apply a high-quality layer to the surface, you need to know how to properly dilute water-based paint.
The following rules must be followed:
- the amount of water for dilution should not exceed one tenth of the total volume of the thickened dye;
- you need to dilute the paint gradually, achieving the required consistency with thorough stirring (the procedure can be carried out with a construction mixer or a drill with a mixing attachment);
- Having received the composition of the required density, it is not used immediately for painting - you should wait until the foam settles.
To determine whether the paint has been diluted sufficiently, you need to run a brush dipped in it over the surface - the layer should be uniform, without strokes, and not run off or roll off.
To be sure to do everything correctly, you should take the advice of the experts on how to properly dilute water-based paint.
They are as follows:
- The volume of the composition is usually indicated on the paint packaging, but when it is necessary to dissolve the residues, it is not possible to accurately determine their quantity. In order to calculate with minimal error how much coloring composition is left, you need to pour it into another container using a measuring cup or a liter jar.
- The temperature of the water used to dilute the paint should be about twenty-five degrees. Too cold or hot water will negatively affect the quality of the resulting mixture.
- The best diluent is purified bottled water. Impurities in ordinary or technical water negatively affect the quality characteristics of water-dispersed paints.
By observing such simple rules can be achieved good quality coloring composition.
How to breed colors
To implement design solutions, the use of colored dye is often required. But it is not always possible to find the required shade on sale, or only the white composition is left in stock. To get the desired tone, you can use special pigments and study the question of how to dilute the color in water-based paint. Moreover, this is quite easy to do.
To work you will need:
- container with the desired shade of color;
- clean paint can;
- mixer;
- purified water room temperature.
You need to pour the existing white water-based paint into a washed and dried container and determine whether it needs to be diluted with water. Then you should gradually add pigment to it with constant stirring with a mixer until the desired color is obtained. It is important to add pigment in small portions so as not to miss the moment of obtaining the desired shade.
Adding Decor
Often design solution requires the use of not only colored dyes, but also the addition of decorative elements (additives) in the form of sparkles, pearlescent powders, and others. Such compositions help create non-standard fairy-tale or cosmic interiors.
Before diluting water-based paint for walls or ceilings, you need to think about how much of it will be needed for painting. The remaining paint with dissolved decorating additives is used for further application of patterns.
It should be remembered that when applying several layers, each subsequent one is applied an hour after the previous one, otherwise the paint may not set and will roll off in the future.
Water for dilution
Sometimes you can find recommendations that solvents for enamels and oil dyes can be used to dilute water-based paints. This is incorrect, since with this method the coloring composition collapses, and this may not happen immediately. The best liquid for thinning paints water based is water.
- Fluid temperature. For interior works use water at room temperature, and for outdoor use water, which is slightly higher than the corresponding indicators of ambient air.
- When deciding how to dilute water-based paint, you need to take into account the fact that when low temperatures the compositions thicken, and at high temperatures they become more liquid.
- It is recommended to use purchased drinking water, distilled (sold in pharmacies and car dealerships) or home-purified water (boiled and settled).
Analysis equipment
To obtain a high-quality layer when painting, the coloring composition must have an optimal consistency. If the viscosity is incorrect, adhesion is significantly reduced, which can lead to peeling of the coating. This, in turn, leads to reworking the work, including removing the soil layer.
At home, when renovation work are carried out quite rarely, viscosity is determined visually. And for those who are engaged painting works Quite often, it is useful to have a device on the farm called a viscometer.
This device is very useful when deciding how to dilute water-based paint for the ceiling - its consistency should not be too thick, as this can lead to uneven coloring, or too thin, which will lead to drops and sagging.
The tool is a measuring container with a calibrated hole. With its help, viscosity is determined by the time required for a certain volume of dye to flow out. As the mixture is diluted, the composition is poured into the viscometer, plugging the hole with a finger. By turning on the stopwatch and opening the hole, time the moment when the paint stops flowing - the stopwatch value will be an indicator of viscosity. For each type of dye optimal value indicated on the packaging.
It is known that repairs include certain nuances, without which it will not be possible to properly hang wallpaper, attach insulation or paint the walls. This also applies to water-based paint, which must be diluted beforehand. It is necessary to dilute water-based paint so that it is easier and better applied to the coating.
It is advisable to dilute water-based compositions before painting the ceiling, walls or other coating. If it is not diluted, it will cause a number of difficulties during application - an uneven layer, bumps on the base, streaks, and so on. Next, we’ll look at how to dilute water-based paint.
Features of water emulsion
Before you start diluting water-based paint, it is worth finding out what such a composition is. Water-based paint is a paint and varnish material with excellent environmental characteristics. The binding component of this composition is water, with which the paint is diluted before use. That is why it can be safely applied to the wall and the base of the ceiling, since the composition is suitable for finishing the room and the interior of the building. The advantages of water-based paints are:
- the ability to paint any type of surface (concrete, wallpaper, wood, drywall);
- environmentally friendly composition, which does not contain substances harmful to health, endowed with a persistent aroma;
- durability - the product will not crumble or crack over time.
Such positive aspects are considered significant when choosing paint for a ceiling or wall covering. But is it necessary to dilute the composition with special solvents or water?
What kind of water-based paint is there - types of product
Before diluting water-based paint with water, you need to choose the right type, because in stores there is big choice of this tool. It is advisable to select a product before going to the store, having read the advantages and disadvantages of paint on the Internet.
Choice the right paint directly depends on the place of work and painting conditions. Based on the composition, the product comes in the following types:
- Latex. The most famous type, which is known for its functionality. After the product has dried, the walls or ceiling can be washed with water. And thanks to the substances present in the composition, it protects the coating from minor damage, cracks and scratches. Proper dilution of the product, which uses water, helps cover up uneven surfaces.
- Acrylic. This type is made from pigments and acrylic resin, which provides wall or ceiling covering strength and moisture resistance. However, these qualities make the product more expensive than anyone else. If the diluted composition is of the correct consistency, it will lie on the coating without streaks and will not leave brush marks.
- Silicone. This product is made on the basis of silicone resin, which is mixed with water, which ultimately gives it the desired consistency. Proper dilution of the composition is a dense mass that lays down easily and evenly covers the walls or ceiling.
- Silicate. It contains pigments, alkalis and glass, which allows you to create a durable layer.
- Polyvinyl acetate. It contains PVA glue. This product is cheaper, but less durable compared to other types of paint.
To paint walls and ceilings, you need to choose the right composition that will be easy to apply, will not leave streaks, and will form an even layer as it dries.
After familiarizing yourself with the water-based emulsion, you can safely purchase the product necessary for repairs. However, the right product does not promise uniform and light coverage. In order not to encounter difficulties when painting, you need to know how water-based paint is diluted.
Steps to take before you begin
Water-based paint does not require surface preparation. If you purchased the composition for the walls, you only need to wipe them from dust and remove any peeling wallpaper. To paint the ceiling, you must first scrape it if the plaster is falling off the surface.
As you know, during use it will lie evenly and will not crumble. In order for surface painting to be successful, you need to prepare the following accessories in advance:
- construction mixer;
- clean water, which must be at room temperature;
- color to give the paint the required shade;
- brush or roller for applying the product to the base;
- a clean container for diluting the composition;
- rubber gloves (although the paint can be easily wiped off with water, it is still necessary to protect the skin of your hands).
Is it possible to use improvised means to properly dilute paint? No. In order for the product to be evenly mixed and applied to the surface, you need to use a construction mixer and other accessories that will help prepare the water-based paint for application.
Principles of paint dilution
Can water-based paint be diluted with water? You can - since it contains water, it dilutes the product. But it is prohibited to use chemical solvents, as this will spoil the composition of the paint.
How to properly dilute the product? To dilute the composition, you do not need to memorize special technology. To correctly perform the breeding technology, it is recommended to meet 3 basic requirements:
- The volume of water used should be no more than 10% of the total volume of the water emulsion. If you opened the paint in advance, you can find out about its quantity on the packaging. If the product has been previously used, measure its amount using small dishes. After all, if the paint turns out to be liquid, it will flow off during application, which will leave unsightly smudges. And the thick layer will lie unevenly, and will also leave marks from the roller or brush.
- Water-based paints are diluted only clean water. Of course, no one will collect liquid from a ditch, but the presence of water impurities in it will worsen the quality and properties of the composition. Therefore, to avoid troubles, the water-based emulsion is diluted with pre-settled liquid or purified water is used.
- The water must be at room temperature. If you draw it from a tap, you need to wait until the liquid warms up a little. hot water It is unacceptable to use, as this may worsen the condition and quality of the product. Water needs 23-30 degrees.
Otherwise, applying diluted paint is no different from using other types of this product. The main thing is to properly dilute the water emulsion so that it fully reveals its “technical” qualities. After this, you can try it on a wall or other surface.
When dyeing various surfaces Acrylic paints often require that the composition have the desired consistency, so it is very important to choose the right thinner. If the dilution solution is chosen incorrectly, the consequences can be very sad. Incorrect proportions also impair the quality of the applied mixture.
Acrylic composition is a type of modern water-based (water-dispersed) paints. Thanks to many positive properties(environmentally friendly, reliable, quick drying) this solution is perfect for painting indoor and outdoor surfaces. Acrylic mixtures are also actively used for decoration and painting; there are special options for various materials.
In terms of consistency, a water-based acrylic solution is most often a rather thick mixture that needs to be diluted. To choose the optimal diluent, you need to pay attention to the composition. The main component that gives this group of paints its name is water; the base can make up up to 50–60% of the solution.
Thus, the solvent is water, which must meet certain requirements to obtain an ideal result:
- Temperature. To dilute the mixture, the liquid must be within 20 degrees. If used front view paints - 4-5 degrees above the street level (minimum 15-18 o C).
- No impurities. It is recommended to use distilled water, which does not contain foreign substances. If such a composition cannot be obtained, then the liquid is first brought to a boil and settled.
Important! In private country houses They have their own wells and boreholes, but the water extracted from them is often salty. It cannot be used for dilution even after settling; in this case, the water must undergo special filtration.
Features of diluting acrylic with water
To properly dilute acrylic paints, you need to know the proportions that allow you to achieve different results:
- Ratio 1:2. If there are two parts of water to one part of the coloring mixture, then such a solution turns out to be quite liquid. It adheres well to the brush, but leaves streaks behind, so it is better to apply it with a fleecy roller. The mixture is suitable for creating a base for a base coat.
- Proportion 1:1. This composition is used to obtain the base layer. It has good viscosity and fits perfectly onto the surface. After it, a composition similar in consistency can be applied, but it is better to dilute the final layer minimally.
- A less common option is when the paint needs to be dissolved in five parts of water. This method is used by professional designers or artists when they need to tint textured elements. The composition is quickly absorbed, and the layer is barely noticeable.
The paint, which is used in gradient painting to create a transition between tones, is diluted with water in a ratio of 1:15 Also, acrylic dilution in a ratio of 1:5 or more is performed when creating a primer for highly porous substrates, if it is not possible to purchase a special primer. This mixture penetrates quite deeply.
On a note! Nowadays there are many modern water-based emulsions on sale. acrylic compositions who don't need large quantities thinner. For them, the maximum figure is 10% of the total mass of the coloring matter.
What else is used to dilute paint?
Although water is the optimal solvent that is available to everyone, there are special liquids - thinners. According to their structure, they are divided into several varieties:
Application of acrylic thinners
Specialized formulations are also divided according to drying speed. The correctly selected option allows you to perform work even in difficult conditions.
The following varieties are found:
- Slow.
- Suitable for external and internal work if temperatures are very high. The fact is that due to the rapid evaporation of ordinary water, the coating does not acquire the desired properties and may be destroyed. And slowly evaporating thinners make it possible to perform the work correctly, as a result of which the surfaces receive reliable protection. Average. This is a universal composition,
- best option
for work inside a house or apartment. Fast. They are used mainly outside, including at low temperatures. In such conditions, the paint, with simple dilution, does not have time to adhere to the base, and a quick thinner solves this problem. When choosing a solvent based on drying speed, they are guided by the ambient temperature, so a “fast” thinner is used at a temperature of 5 to 15 °C, at 15-25 °C a “medium” thinner is used,
hot weather
from 25 °C “slow” is required
In addition, different ratios of solvent and coloring composition make it possible to obtain a layer of varying thickness.
On a note! Depending on the instrument, different degrees of dilution of the mixture will be required. For example, the roller and brush need sufficient viscosity so that the solution can be easily picked up and held. For a spray gun, the situation is the opposite - the material must be more liquid, otherwise spraying will not work.
How paints are diluted for painting
Thinning acrylic-based art paints is a more responsible process. The fact is that the volume of such compositions is small, so you cannot make a mistake with the proportion.
Dissolution is carried out using a regular pipette; it allows you to dose the amount of diluent used. Wet palettes are selected for mixing; this will eliminate the possibility of rapid drying. Getting the right consistency depends on the desired result and the job being done, but it is best to test individually.
- The acrylic mixture differs from simple enamels in that it can be diluted at different degrees of drying of the base composition. So, when the viscosity increases, water is simply added to the solution and mixed well. The main thing is to close the container tightly. This rule also applies to cases where there is a small residue after painting.
- If clots are observed in the composition, then add a little alcohol to the water. The mixture is thoroughly mixed until the lumps completely disappear. A small amount of solvent is poured on top and the container is well sealed.
It is more difficult to restore a dried composition. To do this, a whole set of actions is performed:
- The hardened material is removed from the container and broken into small pieces. It is important to prevent the entry of dirt and dust.
- Lumps must be crushed as much as possible. To do this, you can use a piece of pipe or fittings of suitable diameter.
- The resulting powder is poured into a convenient container and filled with well-heated water. The solution is not stirred, but shaken several times. After a minute, the liquid is drained.
- A new portion is added hot liquid, the procedure is repeated.
- A special diluent is poured in and the mixture is stirred well until the desired viscosity is obtained. But such a material will no longer have all the properties.
If the paint has dried to a stone state, then it is better not to restore it. Although you can follow the previous procedure, which will require effort and time, the resulting composition is best used for utility rooms.
There is probably no person who, sooner or later, would not have to look for the answer to the question: how to dilute thickened paint. Often the paint we purchase is not used in full, and when it becomes necessary to use the rest of it, we regret to discover that the paint has dried out. From this article you will learn how to “reanimate” different types paints.
Oil paint
This type of paint is especially widely used during construction work. It has a reasonable price, and besides, oil paint dries quite quickly. Typically this paint is used to paint walls and roofs. However, it is not advisable to cover floors and ceilings with it, since the oils contained in this product prevent the evaporation of moisture, and, consequently, the free circulation of air in the room will be disrupted.
Dried oil paint is diluted with drying oil; also purchase a special container and sieve for this purpose.
Place in container required amount paint, pour in a little drying oil and begin to gradually stir the paint.
Stirring constantly, add drying oil until the paint reaches the consistency you require. After this, stir the product for about 10 minutes.
Take a sieve and use it to strain out the reconstituted oil paint. Avoid clumps in the paint.
You can also dilute this paint with White Spirit. If there is a need to “reanimate” oil art paints, use any vegetable-based oil, turpentine (nowadays you can buy special turpentine, which is intended for restoring paints for painting) or one of the artistic varnishes.
Water-based paint
Water-based paint is an absolutely harmless product from an environmental point of view. It fits well, dries quickly and does not peel. This is why waterborne paints are so popular.
Such paints contain active pigments that are combined with water, so it is better to dilute dried water-based paint with drinking water.
Take a clean bucket and carefully place the paint into it.
Slowly pour water into the container, remembering to constantly stir the paint with a construction mixer.
As soon as the paint reaches the consistency you need, the procedure can be considered complete.
If there is a need to get paint a certain color, use a color specially designed for this purpose. Take a small container, place the color and a little bit of water-based paint there, mix everything. Carefully pour the resulting mixture into the base paint, located in a separate bowl, and stir until the paint acquires the desired shade.
Acrylic paint
Acrylic paints As you know, they are not cheap. Their base is acrylic resins, which is why the surface painted with such paint becomes more durable, elastic and moisture resistant. Acrylic paints are a type of water-based paints, so they are diluted in a similar way, using water.
Car paint
To do this, you will need Sadolin car paint, a solvent (646, 647, 648), a container in which we will restore the paint, and a wooden stick. Car paints are usually applied in two layers. First, the surface of the car is covered with a developing layer; all flaws are clearly visible on it.
So, let's dilute the paint for the initial layer. Take 1 part Sadolin car paint and 4 parts solvent, mix everything thoroughly. For initial painting of the car body, one liter should be enough. Remember: before applying paint, it is necessary to degrease the surface and dry it thoroughly.
Here is the solution for the second, decorative layer. Now the paint should be thicker, so take 1 part car paint and mix with 3 parts solvent. Once the solution becomes homogeneous, quickly paint the car with it. After this, the car must be kept indoors for at least two or even three days.
Reminder: the higher the solvent number, the fatter it is, so there is a possibility of smudges.
Now you know how to properly thin dried paint. I would like to believe that our recommendations will be useful to you, happy painting!
In this article we will talk about paint solvents. The solvent is an organic volatile liquid that is used to give paint-based materials the necessary painting consistency. Therefore, today’s topic for discussion will be a consideration of the types of solvents that need to be used in certain cases, with this or that paint.
Solvents for oil paints and varnishes
Petrol. It is the simplest and most widespread solvent that can be used for oil paints. This is a transparent liquid, which is better known as a fuel for cars - it has a high degree of ignition and a characteristic odor. It is obtained as a result of the distillation of oil. Gasoline is mainly used as a solvent oil paints And alkyd enamels, as well as varnishes and putties. Less commonly, it is used to dilute pentaphthalic enamels.
In addition, additional functions include degreasing surfaces for applying varnish or paint, as well as dry cleaning of fabrics and washing of parts and tools.
Turpentine. Also one of the solvents for varnishes and paints. This solvent is a complex mixture consisting of hydrocarbons, mainly terpenes. Turpentine is used as a solvent for oil and alkyd styrene enamels and paints. Also, this substance is used to prepare many varnishes based on copal, rosin, and dammar. By the way, it remained almost the only most common solvent until the advent of white spirit.
White Spirit. Actually, now let's talk about white spirit. This solvent is used as a substance for diluting most paints - oil and enamel paints, varnishes and other paint and varnish products. It is used for diluting primer or drying oil, bituminous material, putty and car preservatives, for washing hands and hands after using paints, enamels, and so on. Also used for degreasing surfaces.
Solvents for glyphthalic paints and bitumen varnishes
Solvent. This solvent is a mixture consisting of aromatic carbohydrates, which contain a small content of naphthenes, as well as paraffins and other cyclic carbohydrates. Solvent is used as a substance for dissolving oils and bitumen, most types of rubbers and oligomers. It is used as a means for diluting polyesteramides and other paints and varnishes that contain a small amount of melamine alkyd materials.
Xylene. A petroleum product that is used to dissolve electrical insulating paints, varnishes and most enamels, silicone varnishes, as well as epoxy resins. There is one caveat here, since xylene has a third class of hazard for the human body; it is fire and explosive.
Solvents for perchlorovinyl paints and enamels
Acetone. Well known to everyone Chemical substance, which in construction and repair is used as a solvent for natural resins and oils, diacetate and other substances, such as cellulose and polystyrene, epoxy resin and copolymer, chlorinated rubber and so on. In a word, acetone is suitable for dissolving a very large number of different substances, but in addition to its main function, it can be used to degrease surfaces, and can also be used for the synthesis of acetic anhydride and other organic products.
Acetone is contained in other mixed solvents, which are labeled as: P-4 and P-4A, as well as 646-468 and P5 (A). These are number abbreviations for solvents that are indexed this way. They are produced both for dissolving paints and for other household needs.
Solvent 646. Perhaps it is worth mentioning this particular solvent, since it is a very effective and useful chemical product in its field. Helps to dilute nitro enamels, nitro varnishes and epoxy compounds, and other paints and varnishes. It is also very effective for degreasing or cleaning surfaces. It has a colorless or very light yellow tint, and is a homogeneous liquid without impurities or other visible particles.
Thinners and thinners
Thinners, as well as thinners, unlike the other solvents above, have one significant difference - they do not dissolve paints, enamels or varnish. They only thin or dilute it, that is, they reduce the degree of viscosity of thick paints and paints and varnishes, and are also suitable for diluting dry paints and pigments. Most often, drying oils and all kinds of emulsions are used as such substances, which are added to varnish or paint for several hours (about 3-4 hours), thereby reducing the viscosity of the material by several tens of percent.
Solvents for paints. Hardeners for epoxy resins. Drying accelerators
| Name | Standard |
| Technical acetone for use as a solvent in various areas industry | GOST 2768-84 |
| Butanol (butyl alcohol) for use as a solvent in the paint and varnish industry, in the production of resins and plasticizers | GOST 5208-81 |
| Butyl acetate for use as a solvent or chemical reagent in critical (clean) chemical processes | GOST 8981-78 |
| Kerosene lighting KO-25 for use in household heating and lighting devices | TU 38.401-58-10-01 |
| Xylene petroleum for the isolation of xylene isomers and use as a solvent paint and varnish materials | GOST 9410-78 |
| Methyl acetate for the production of paints and varnishes, adhesives, cellulose ethers, polyvinyl acetate, polymethyl methacrylate | TU 2435-063-00203766-01 |
| Natural linseed drying oil for diluting oil based paints, as well as for impregnation wooden surfaces | GOST 7931-76 |
| Drying oil "Oksol" (PV brand) for the production of oil paints used indoors, for diluting thick oil paints, for impregnation (polishing) of wooden surfaces, plastering before painting them with oil paints | GOST 190-78 |
| Orthoxylene for dissolving epoxy, vinyl, acrylic silicone polymers, nitorocellulose and chlorinated rubber | TU 38.101254-72 |
| Hardener DGU for curing epoxy paints and varnishes | TU 113-38-115-91 |
| Hardener PEPA for curing epoxy resins, in the production of ion exchange resins, additives, as well as for other purposes | TU 2413-357-00203447-99 |
| Hardener for epoxy resins DTB-2 for curing epoxy enamels, protective epoxy coatings, self-leveling epoxy floors, as well as for the production of fiberglass | TU 6-05-241-224-79 |
| Hardener No. 1 | TU 6-10-1263-77 |
| Hardener No. 2 for curing epoxy resins and paints and varnishes based on them | TU 6-10-1279-77 |
| Coolant low-freezing liquids (antifreeze) for use in the cooling system of internal combustion engines of domestic and foreign cars | GOST 28084-89 |
| Thinner 653 (R-653) for diluting acrylic paints and varnishes | TU 6-27-171-2000 |
| Thinner B-1112 for diluting automotive enamels | TU 2319-246-05011907-2004 |
| Thinner R-197(solvent No. 197) for diluting synthetic enamels | TU 6-10-1100-78 |
| Thinner R-6 for diluting organosilicon paints and varnishes, as well as for water-based varnishes and paints | TU 6-10-1328-86 |
| Thinner RKB-1 for diluting melamine- and urea-formaldehyde paints and varnishes | TU 6-10-1326-77 |
| Thinner RE-4V for diluting (to working viscosity) pentaphthalic, glyphthalic and urea-formaldehyde paints and varnishes when painting in an electric field | GOST 18187-72 |
| Solvent 645 (P-645) for diluting nitro enamels, nitro varnishes and nitro putties | GOST 18188-72 |
| Solvent 646 (P-646) for diluting nitrocellulose paints and varnishes: nitro enamels, nitro varnishes, general purpose nitro putties | GOST 18188-72 |
| Solvent 647 (P-647) for bringing paints and varnishes to a working consistency, for diluting nitro enamels, nitro varnishes for passenger cars | GOST 18188-72 |
| Solvent 648 (P-648) for smoothing out marks and scratches by spraying nitro-enamel coatings after sanding | GOST 18188-72 |
| Solvent 649 (P-649) for diluting (to working viscosity) NTs-132K enamels | TU 6-10-1358-96 |
| Solvent 650 (P-650) for diluting NC-11 enamels to brush viscosity when touching up small areas with a brush | TU 6-10-1247-96 |
| Solvent 651 (P-651) for diluting oil paints, enamels and varnishes | TU 38.101693-88 |
| Solvent 652 (P-652) for dissolving resins and varnish deposits when cleaning fuel jets of carburetor systems | TU 6-27-18-255-98 |
| Solvent R-4 (R-4A) for diluting paints and varnishes based on polyvinyl chloride chlorinated resins PSH LS and PSH LN, vinyl chloride copolymers, epoxy resins | GOST 7827-74 |
| Solvent R-5 (R-5A) for diluting paints and varnishes based on PSH LS and PSH LN resins, rubbers, epoxy, polyacrylic, organosilicon resins | GOST 7827-74 |
| Solvent RML-315 for diluting nitrocellulose varnish NTs-223 | TU 6-10-1013-75 |
| Solvent RP for diluting epoxy paints and varnishes, in particular primer EP-057 | TU 6-10-1095-76 |
| Solvent RS-2 for diluting oil varnishes, bitumen paints and pentaphthalic enamels | TU 6-10-952-88 |
| Solvent RFG for dissolving polyvinyl butyral film formers, as well as for bringing phosphating primers VL-02, VL-023, etc. to working viscosity. | GOST 12708-77 |
| Solvent SOLV-UR for diluting polyurethane materials and compositions, as well as for degreasing metal surfaces in preparation for painting | TU 2319-032-12288779-2002 |
| Drying agent NF-1 to speed up the drying of paints and varnishes | GOST 1003-73 |
| Precipitated drier ZhK-1 to accelerate drying during production and use in construction and repair of drying oils, varnishes, paints and enamels | TU 2311-07-02955826-99 |
| Gum turpentine for use as a raw material in organic synthesis and a solvent - in various sectors of the national economy | GOST 1571-82 |
| Coal solvent for use as a solvent for varnishes, paints, enamels, and also as a washing liquid in the engineering industry and other purposes | GOST 1928-79 |
| Oil solvent (nefras A-130/150) for use as a solvent for paints, varnishes, enamels during construction and repair, as well as flushing fluid in the engineering industry and other purposes | GOST 10214-78 |
| Composition VSN-1 (rust neutralizer) for treating rusty metal surfaces before painting | TU 7510501.55-92 |
| Toluene for dissolving thin alkyds, silicone resins, polystyrene | GOST 9880-76 |
| White spirit (nefras S4-155/200) for use in the rubber industry and for dilution various types LMB | GOST 3134-78 |
| Ethyl acetate for use in the production of nitrocellulose varnishes and enamels | GOST 8981-78 |
| Ethyl cellosolve technical for use as a solvent for paints and varnishes, as an additive to motor and jet fuels, and also as a component of finishing products for leather | GOST 8313-88 |
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