Wooden porch design for a private house. We build a porch for a private house: several convenient ways. Accommodation in relation to the house

The porch is the outer extension in front of the entrance to the house.

Have you ever seen buildings (logically complete) without it? Hardly. After all, the porch is a functionally significant detail of any residential (and non-residential) structure; it contributes to a comfortable transition of a person from ground level to the level of the floor plane.

Since the floor in the house cannot be level with the ground, steps are an obligatory “component” of the porch. Directly in front of the door should be a platform large enough to comfortably accommodate several people. Above the extension, you can equip a canopy that protects it from precipitation.

Building a porch with your own hands - where to start?

Before you build a porch, you should definitely plan all your activities correctly, in particular, consider the appearance and design of the “structure”, its dimensions, optimal proportions, the number of steps, the height of the handrails, etc.

And also learn some technical tricks of building a house porch. So, the number of steps and their height should be calculated with a reference to the fact that a person must take a step onto the platform from the same foot with which he began the "ascent".

The optimal number of steps is three, five or seven (odd number). The recommended step height is 15-20 centimeters, the depth is about 30. If you make the depth greater, it will not be very convenient to walk.

An appropriate solution for the construction of a wooden porch is the formation of a slope of steps of several degrees. Thus, water will not stagnate on surfaces.

Fencing a porch with a railing is a rather controversial issue. Experts believe that for a tall building (from one and a half meters) the railing justifies itself to some extent, but for a low extension it is rather an excess. It is clear that when you are not limited in funds, you can get creative, assign them the role of a decorative, aesthetically attractive detail of the exterior. With a modest budget for a small-sized design, it is better not to spray on the railing.

Important! From the point of view of ergonomics, the most acceptable railing height for the average owner is 80-100 centimeters.

The porch, if desired, can be equipped with a bench (it is not a mandatory element).

As for the site area, there are no SNIPs or recommendations for all occasions from professional builders. The site can be made in absolutely size - large, small ... and at least encircling the whole house, like a terrace. Some of the original projects assume that the porch functions as a veranda. In a word, before you start building a porch, it will not be superfluous to look at photos of houses with interesting exterior solutions. There are many options for arranging an extension.

The porch is often made in the form of an independent structure, docked to the finished house. But it can be (even better this way) and an integral part of the building, having an initially common foundation with it.

For the first case, there is one very important recommendation - it is categorically not recommended to connect the extension to the monolith of the building, as they say, “tightly”. This is due to the fact that the structures have different weights, and, as a result, different shrinkage. Do not want to admire the deformations and cracks at the junction? So don't tempt fate.

Materials for building a porch

It is highly desirable that the porch be designed in the same style as the house. Agree, a wooden house with a stone porch will look ridiculous, as well as vice versa.

When decorating the porch, you can combine stone and wood, but this must be done very carefully and carefully. It is important that the extension (especially if it is “outstanding”) forms a harmonious combination with external attributes - a fence, gates, etc. So, if a sufficient number of decorative forged elements are present in the fence or on the site itself, then the logical solution would be to use the same when decorating the pilasters supporting the visor or the railing of the porch itself. The outhouse can be lit with fixtures identical in style to those that light up your property at night.

As for the size of material investments, the price for the construction of a porch will directly depend on what materials you choose and what “beauties” you want to ennoble.

How to build a concrete porch?

Before you build a porch with your own hands near a house made of concrete blocks or a brick house, you need to carry out a number of preparatory work. First of all, dig a hole for the foundation and form a platform for the extension. The depth of the pit for the foundation should be approximately 100-120 centimeters. A sand cushion 20 centimeters high is formed at its bottom. Next, you should build a wooden formwork and pour the base with mortar.

The next stage in the construction of the porch with your own hands is the creation of a concrete staircase. It is built using formwork, designed taking into account each of the steps. To make the porch more reliable and durable, it is necessary to reinforce it with special frames (made of reinforcement with a diameter of 10 millimeters). The steps are formed one after another: the first one dried up - the second one was poured, etc. The corners of the steps are reinforced with metal corners, “drowned” in the still uncured solution.

In the process of work, do not forget to take care of the hydro and vapor barrier of the extension.

The porch platform should be made 5 centimeters below the level of the door.

When all the concrete work is completed, you can start finishing the extension. For these purposes, porcelain stoneware or tiles are the best suited.

Note! The main mistake of many inexperienced owners is the use of interior tiles for decorating the porch. And sincere surprise why in the cold season it is terribly slippery.

Only use materials recommended for outdoor use.

Now, as for the railings. If your house is brick, the best option would be metal or brick railings, the handrails of which are made of wood. Wooden, high-quality processed railings are optimal for use at any time of the year. Even in winter.

If you plan to make a visor (roof), then keep in mind that it should cover the entire porch with a margin (protection of the entrance from rain and snow).

Making a brick building

The initial stage of building a brick porch is exactly the same as that of a concrete one - from preparing a pit for the foundation to pouring mortar under the porch. Then the brickwork is created, "layer by layer" - as if building a house. In terms of strength, a brick extension is no worse than a concrete one, but it will only cost more.

How to build a wooden porch?

A wooden porch is a great decoration for any wooden structure. It can be built in two ways.

The first (simple) way is to install a stepped wooden box on a concrete foundation, support the porch platform for strength with two beams emerging from the wall of the house. The lowest boards in contact with concrete are recommended to be treated with bitumen or machine oil - this is a critical procedure for extending their service life.

The second one is implemented with the help of stringers. As in the first case, the porch platform rests on the beams. And the stairs - to these same stringers (reinforced concrete sleepers or beams). The stringers are connected to the foundation by cutting down, but they are fastened together with a support board (fixed with through spikes). A waterproofed concrete support should also be provided.

Building a porch: video from an expert on the main technological mistakes

We construct a canopy

To create a canopy, you can use modern high-tech polycarbonate material. The frame for it, as a rule, is made of aluminum profile. Two consoles are used to support the structure.

Polycarbonate is attached to the frame with metal clips. It is better to use rubber washers in the attachment points - they will prevent leakage in bad weather. The dimensions of the screw holes should be two to three times the size of the parts themselves: this recommendation aims to allow the polycarbonate to expand freely under the summer sun.

Aesthetics and again aesthetics: how to build a beautiful porch in various styles

And finally, let's talk about the aesthetic side of the issue. There are a great many options for building a porch from a constructive and stylistic point of view. Let's try to highlight the main styles of porches that can be found in our cottage settlements.

classic porch

Lined with ceramic tiles or natural stone. The canopy is most often gable, there are railings and decorative racks. The presence of a large number of designer features is unacceptable. Coloring such an extension in bright colors is undesirable. The classic porch is a purely practical solution in "neat colors".

Porch of the gingerbread house

This is a combination of decorative elements made of bricks and metal gratings. Cover such an extension with a gable roof. For decoration use wild grapes, ivy (other climbing plants). Wooden parts painted in colors close to the flora are not excluded.

European type of porch

It is characterized by the correct strict forms. Such an extension can be decorated with a wide variety of accessories.

In the question of how to build a porch, photos of various finishes and decorations can be very helpful. So you can more clearly imagine what kind of extension you would like to see in the end.

At the entrance there may be street-type lanterns, decorative garden figurines (animals, gnomes).

patio porch

It is a kind of open terrace adjoining the house. There can be tables, benches, chairs. It is not always covered with a visor or roof.

Fortress-style porch

Such an extension is made massive, trimmed with natural stone. Relevant details in its design are torch lamps, forged gratings. Pots with flowers will look great on forged lattices - they will further emphasize the massiveness and contrast of the structure.

Romantic annex

This is a kind of symbiosis of a gazebo with a porch. Such a structure is ideal for communication, smoke breaks, short dates. On the porch in a romantic style, benches must be present; if desired, coffee tables can also be placed. It is very desirable to have flowers and several lamps at different levels.

Whatever type and design of the porch you like, remember that the main thing is the use of quality materials and compliance with the technology of work at all stages of the process.

Atmospheric precipitation, wind and sun are three factors that adversely affect the condition of any building structures. Of course, you have to take protective measures all the time in order to extend their service life. But there is one element in the design of the house that often fails if it is not closed with something. It's about the porch. An open porch is often found in private housing construction. This is especially true for small houses and cottages. But many developers, even at the design stage of their home, are trying to make sure that their porch is under reliable protection.

Someone arranges a visor over it, someone builds a whole canopy. By the way, such a complex is called a covered porch. It is protected from above, but open around the entire perimeter, so it still cannot be saved from moisture. Therefore, for those who are going to build a private house, we recommend that you think about a structure that is protected from all sides. This is the so-called closed porch. In fact, this is a finished room or vestibule, which can be heated or not, everything is at the discretion of the customer. Both options are pictured below.

The interior of the closed porch is also chosen at the request of the owner of the house, taking into account the recommendations of the designers. But the outer side of the extension has its own characteristics, both structural and design.

Features of the roof structure of the closed porch

It is necessary to start talking about a closed porch from the roof. Why?

• Firstly, it is the protective part of the structure, which is responsible for the non-penetration of natural loads into the premises.
• Secondly, it is, in fact, a continuation of the roof of the house itself. Therefore, the requirements for the roof of the porch are quite stringent.
• Thirdly, as with all building structures, there are strength requirements for the roof of the porch.

For the first position, you can say this. There are a huge number of roofing materials that are used today in the construction of roofs, large and small. But since the closed porch of the house is a small room, it is possible to use lightweight materials to cover it. For example, flexible tiles.

On the second position. Designers believe that it is necessary to cover the porch (closed) with the same roofing material as the main building itself. As practice shows, this is not always applied in practice. Look at the photo below, where the house is covered with tiles, and the roof of the porch is transparent polycarbonate. Looks very original and airy.

Position number three. Snow and rain loads greatly affect the design of the porch roof. But in the modern world, especially in the field of construction, there is no need to use any complex and heavy materials to make the roof, and indeed the entire structure, durable. There are a large number of modern lightweight materials and products that can withstand fairly decent loads. For example, aluminum profiles.

Attention! A closed vestibule is a full-fledged room, albeit a small one, but a room with walls, a ceiling, a floor and a roof.

Therefore, pay attention to the photo below, which shows such a vestibule in the form of a small house attached to the main building. The entrance of the house is completely closed, but the vestibule itself is equipped with windows and an entrance door. To build it, in addition to the porch itself, it was necessary to build walls, install a door on the entrance and windows on the sides. At the same time, the walls are raised to a certain level.

But the most important thing is that the roof of the closed porch is connected only with the main building, that is, it is fixed on the wall of the house. In fact, this is a separately hanging element, which is not connected with the walls of the porch itself. Windows in this case are not a support, they just simply close the opening between the roof and walls. Therefore, when constructing such a vestibule, it is necessary first of all to take care of fixing the roof. There are many options here, some are complex, some are simple. One option is to install consoles on the facade of the house itself.

Since it has already been said that today it is possible to use lightweight materials for the construction of a closed porch, I would like to dwell on glazing systems. Again, we draw your attention to the photo below, where you can see a very beautiful option, glazed on all sides. This is a lightweight design, transparent, so during the day the light on the porch is not needed.

This photo also shows the glass roof. This is one of the options, although this element can be constructed from different materials. The main thing is to carry out the correct installation and fastening. Such a vestibule has one drawback - the glass will have to be cleaned and washed all the time.

As for the northern regions, it is better to build a vestibule in the form of a completely closed room, of course, the entrance is equipped with a door. It is important to use building materials that can withstand low temperatures. Again, we draw your attention to the photo below, where a closed brick vestibule was erected. By the way, not in the color tone of the facade of the house, as the designers recommend. Small windows, a beautiful door - that's all that is needed.

By the way, this version of the closed porch is very easy to build with your own hands.

How to build a closed porch with your own hands

Let's look at how to build a closed brick vestibule, which is shown in the photo above. We will not delve into all the details of construction, we will be interested in the sequence and some of the nuances.

• As with any structure, a foundation will have to be erected for a closed porch. The best option is slab. That is, a foundation pit is dug to a depth of half a meter to fit the size of the object, which is covered with crushed stone up to a layer of 20 cm, and sand on top with a layer of up to 10-15 cm. This pillow is compacted in layers.
• A reinforcing frame is installed on top in the form of a lattice of metal reinforcement with diameters of 10-12 mm.
• Concrete mortar is poured to the edges of the pit. Concrete must be rammed with a vibrator.

Attention! It is necessary to dry the foundation within 28 days. During this period, the concrete will reach its grade strength.

Now you can build the porch itself with steps. The simplest option is a brick or blocks, which, after the construction of the entire closed structure, will be lined (see photo above). If it is decided to make a porch of concrete, then it is possible to pour the concrete mortar on the filled pillow, laying the armoframe and setting the formwork. That is, in this case, you can do without a foundation.

So, everything is ready to build brick walls. First of all, waterproofing must be applied under the masonry. Do not neglect protective operations, a closed-type vestibule is the first protective barrier to precipitation. The very construction of brick walls is carried out according to standard technology, which is based on the bandage of blocks. Be sure to leave openings for windows and the front door with the installation of lintels or frames. The entrance is determined based on the width of the porch.

Attention! The walls of the closed porch must be attached to the walls of the building.

Therefore, every five rows of bricks, metal pins from reinforcement must be driven into the facade of the house. The pin must be at least 30 cm long, it must be located between the bricks.

The matter remains behind the roof. As mentioned above, it must be attached to the facade of the main building. But since our porch is built of bricks (a very reliable wall material), it can be installed directly on the walls of a closed porch. Most often, this is a wooden structure, consisting of a supporting tier of timber, which are mounted around the perimeter of the room. By the way, the timber, located at the entrance to the house, is attached to the wall. The rest to the walls of the extension.

If a shed roof is being erected over the porch, then another such wooden element is hung and fixed above the supporting beam at the facade. The rafters are mounted on which the roofing material is laid. The last stage is the interior decoration. Everything is at the discretion of the customer, although projects in this regard may differ in great originality. By the way, do not forget to hem the ceiling, although you can do without it if the porch is unheated. Before finishing, windows and a door to the entrance are installed, lighting is provided.

As mentioned above, private developers are increasingly using the latest materials in the construction of their homes. Polycarbonate is one of them. It is durable, transparent and easy to process (cut, bent), so it is very easy to make a closed porch from it with your own hands. The only thing is that under it it is necessary to build a wooden or metal structure. The second option is stronger, but more expensive.

Probably everyone knows that the porch in any house must necessarily have functionality, and also harmoniously fit into the exterior of the building itself, because it is it that is considered a calling card. There are many different options for how best to implement the construction of a porch for a private house. All this directly depends on your taste, the chosen material and the total budget. With all this, we can easily say that building a strong and durable porch with your own hands is quite realistic.

The porch itself to the house consists of a completely open area, often with a staircase in front of the entrance to the inside of the house. It can be absolutely any shape, optionally with a canopy and even without, as well as made of different materials.

In principle, the entire structure of the porch to the house can be divided into three types:

1. Attached;

2. Built-in;

3. Simple.

How are they different?

Simple - this is a regular platform along with steps and always a canopy. During the assembly of this type of porch with your own hands, the most difficult thing is to fill the foundation, since it is necessary even for a simple wooden porch construction.

A do-it-yourself built-in porch is initially designed in conjunction with the house, so it is being built capitally.

The attached type does not have any external differences with the built-in type, the only thing is that it is slightly modified and slightly rebuilt. The advantage is that such a do-it-yourself porch can be easily attached with a slight alteration.

Remember! For any porch, a foundation is required, it is he who prevents the slightest deformation of the steps during seasonal temperature changes.

Building a foundation for all types of porch

The most important thing is that the main foundation of the porch to the house should be similar to the foundation of the house. If this is not the case, then during the sedimentation of the soil, winter frosts, your structure is simply deformed. It is also possible that during the settlement of the soil, your structure will move towards the house and then the foundation of the porch will suffer first of all, since it is less massive. To remedy this situation, minor repairs will not be enough and you will have to rebuild everything.

Since the glazed porch is not intended for habitation, and there is no huge furniture there, it is possible to use an ordinary concrete pad, which will be the foundation itself.

However, when choosing concrete, any brick (white, red) or facing stone, the foundation must be reinforced. The fact is that this design has a much greater load on the foundation itself than a wooden porch to the house.

To arrange the foundation for the porch with your own hands, you must begin directly with the markup. To begin with, determine a rectangular area of ​​​​the desired size, the main thing is not to forget that the porch itself must fit in here. Then, piles should be driven into each corner of the rectangle and then, along the contour, begin to dig a pit. Its depth should be no less than the main foundation.

Advice! You don't need to lay the foundation very deep. Of course, the load during the displacement of the foundation will become a little less, but it is simply impossible to avoid them completely, with the slightest subsidence of the soil or sudden changes in temperature.

If you decide to install a visor above the porch, then you will need to install supports, but the rectangle for the pit should be increased on all sides by another 20-30 cm, and the piles can be driven in after the porch is built.

In order to fulfill our plans, you will need to leave small rectangles of an unexcavated area (approximately 20x20, possibly 30x30 cm) at the points where the support will be installed a little later. Then it is necessary to drill wells at each site, install the support well, drive it in as much as possible and be sure to carefully fill it with concrete.

In this case, formwork is very suitable, although if the soil is stony, then in principle it is possible without it. To make it, you can use absolutely everything - chipboard, wood-laminated board and ordinary boards, which turned out to be superfluous after construction. The main thing to remember is that plywood (laminated board) and chipboard are quite hygroscopic, so during rains, groundwater rises, they will begin to spread quickly, which is why, after the concrete has hardened, it is recommended to remove the formwork.

In no case should you throw away the remaining trimmings of boards, which are coniferous species, because the lumber of this tree has only positive features: after being completely saturated with water, they become much stronger and retain their elasticity.

Advice! If there is a strong deformation in the soil, for example, if your house is located on a slope or on a mountain, then coniferous formwork works as a damper.

The most important and main element in the construction of the foundation of the porch with your own hands is waterproofing. In order to equip it, you need to lay the bottom in the pit with roofing material, and then the entire surface inside the formwork. Reinforcement is carried out using high quality bricks, on which it is necessary to lay a mesh and fix the grate with pre-prepared pieces of reinforcement.

Similarly to this principle, the pit is filled with several layers, which include bricks along with the grid, and then this structure is completely poured with concrete. To avoid the formation of voids, after each filled layer, it should be carefully tamped with a shovel.

Advice! In order to compact the concrete well, it is better to purchase an electric vibrocompactor, if you do not have one, then rent it.

Due to the fact that the concrete dries out for about a week, you will need to immediately level the surface of the foundation and be sure to cover it with roofing material with an overlap of about 50-60 cm from each edge, you can also take a regular building film. They will help protect the surface layer from any rain, as a large amount of water can make it brittle enough in the future, and then your foundation will simply be damaged.

If the need arises, then you can cut off the top in the finished beam, then the piles will be at the same level. But try to calculate the height of the supports taking into account the front door, so the height difference should be about 5 cm. The logs are attached using self-tapping screws or dowels - it depends on the material of your wall.

Porch to the house with their own hands. Projects. A photo

Often, traditional materials are used for construction:

- wood;

- white, red brick;

- facing stone;

- metal;

- high-quality concrete.

Do-it-yourself wooden porch

How to make a wooden porch with your own hands? Today it is the most common building material. This is due to the fact that the tree is quite simple to manufacture and therefore building a porch from it with your own hands is quite easy and fast. To do this, it is enough just to have a circular saw available (you can use the most common one, but it must be with the smallest teeth - this will help a lot in cutting accuracy), a special construction square and skillful hands.

Larch has long been considered the ideal material, followed by spruce and other conifers. Each of them is very durable and quite easy to process. The most interesting thing is that at the end of the impregnation, the material that is made from them is practically in no way inferior to oak or some other species that are several times harder.

Important to remember! To work with solid elements, you will need a good skill, the right tools, and most importantly, specific knowledge in this area. For example, the quality of drying oak material can only be determined by an experienced carpenter.

First of all, you will need to make a kosour (kosour). Since it is not very practical to make a porch to a wooden house with your own hands less than 120 cm wide, you will need at least three beams. It is best if the distance between them is about half a meter, so it will be much easier for you.

This approach will help provide your porch with strength, and most importantly, the durability of a self-made structure, regardless of how often they use the stairs and with what weight load.

You need to know! The kosour is called the carrier beam, in which the teeth are cut, it is she who plays an important role inside the support. It is advisable to lay the steps only on the horizontal edges of these same teeth.

The bowstring (it is also called an inclined beam) must necessarily be several times thicker than the kosour itself. They are connected with cross beams. At the end, the required number of braids is fixed between them.

You will definitely need a square to cut out the ribs and make even steps. The void between the teeth, even if it is 5-6 mm, will quickly provide the steps with a slight subsidence on one side and swelling on the other. Sudden changes in temperature will greatly increase the difference in the levels of the steps.

It is customary to make the width of the steps according to the size of the foot of an adult, but it is better to take it with a margin, it is about 40 cm somewhere. The height between each step (riser) does not need to be more than 20 cm.

It should be remembered that the number of steps must necessarily be odd and for this one additional edge should be provided. With four steps or more, you will need to make a railing for the porch to the house.

With a glazed porch and a securely covered staircase from moisture, you can do without an overhang of steps. However, if the staircase is outside, then an overhang is simply necessary, since thanks to it, water will drip onto the lower step, and not between them into the riser.

Advice! The finished staircase should be installed according to a special principle so that the plane of the steps is slightly inclined (about 1-2 cm). This will help the water run down instead of pooling and forming ice.

The design is installed directly on a pre-prepared site, which is the foundation. To make your porch to the house as strong as possible, you should install the stairs exactly in the place in the foundation where the lower beam was previously laid along with the stringers. Also, with the help of it, you can push a small depression if the concrete is not completely frozen. Thus, you will get a fairly strong stop.

For flooring in the upper platform, you can take the material that was used for the stairs. In this case, there is only one requirement: it is recommended to use the widest and longest boards that are available, and make the joints as accurate as possible. When the boards are as close as possible to each other, you can not be afraid of deformation, even if the whole tree begins to dry out over time.

It will take about 3 to 7 days of work to equip a wooden porch with your own hands. It all depends on the size of your site, on the stairs and of course on the skills of working directly with the tree, but a beginner can handle it all. The most important thing is to divide the work into stages and do everything one by one, adhering to the recommendations and instructions.

metal porch

How to make a metal porch? The porch, which is made of metal, has a very big plus - it is mounted in about a few hours, if you know how to use electric welding in your work. In addition, a metal structure will cost several times cheaper if you do not buy forged elements. However, there are also disadvantages - you will have to assemble a standard porch with your own hands, and therefore it will not look very beautiful and original, unlike others. If you want to make a beautiful porch with your own hands, then you can buy forged products, but they will need to wait up to 4 weeks (it all depends on the volume of your order).

Do not be upset if the budget is limited, because even a primitive metal staircase can be made very imposing and beautiful, the main thing for this is desire and imagination. For the lightest option, channels, corners and necessarily filling material are used. They can be: porcelain stoneware, wood or chipboard.

For an ordinary metal porch, two channels of the same length will definitely be needed. They are attached parallel to each other at a distance that is equal to the size of the steps. After that, mark the corners and cut them to the same length as the steps, but at the same time adding a few centimeters along the edges to apply the weld.

In the same way, small pieces are cut off from the corners and these two segments are welded with the letter “G” (the edge-frame must be cut). The number of such details should equal the number of steps on your porch. Then they are closely welded to the channel, and as a result you get a high-quality metal oblique. Similarly to this principle, another oblique angle is made using the second channel.

After all these actions, the resulting elements must be connected in pairs from the side where the corners are cut to fit the width of the future staircase. This creates the contour of the steps, and the corner under the riser should turn upside down (thus creating a side).

Your staircase is almost ready. Now it all depends on your taste. The wooden step attached in any way to the resulting frame will look most beautiful. Even if you do not have much experience in working with welding, it will generally take 2-3 hours to assemble such a porch with your own hands.

Concrete porch

How to make a concrete porch? This option is considered a continuation of the laid foundation, but only with the reinforcement of all steps. This is done so that after a couple of months chips do not form due to constant heavy loads. Due to the fact that it is customary to cover a concrete porch with a special facing tile, the gradually collapsing concrete immediately forms chips and then cracks in the cladding itself.

On a pre-prepared foundation, you can assemble the formwork, which will be the bottom step. In this case, it should be borne in mind that the height of the step, due to the weight load, must necessarily be 2 cm more than the rest. Next, a similar procedure is carried out, as in the construction of a reinforced foundation for the porch. The only difference is that in this case there is no need to spare the reinforcement.

Advice! The resulting gap between the two foundations is recommended to be closed with mineral wool. This method will create a good expansion joint.

Formwork for steps can be prepared in advance - this will save time. However, it is much more reliable and easier to pour concrete into each step in turn, and even better if, before pouring a new step, the solution of the previous one will have time to set.

In the end, it is necessary to level the already completely frozen structure, and then cover it with any tile intended for a metal porch or stone.

The time spent on work directly depends on the use of full formwork, as well as on the formation of each step in turn or all at once. On average, you will need a week to work if you do everything at once, or a week for each step for the concrete to completely set.

Porch made of brick or stone

How to make a porch out of brick or stone? This is probably the most difficult version of the porch. This is because it is much easier to work with a brick foundation where you don't need precision than it is to lay out the stone as evenly as possible.

Bricks should only be laid if there are several assistants who will thoroughly mix the concrete all this time. With a stone, everything is much more complicated, because the chipped edges cannot be matched perfectly to each other. In general, if there is at least some experience in this activity and at least two people to help, then this type of porch should be abandoned immediately, otherwise you will simply waste your time and all the material.

It will be much easier to make a concrete staircase, and then match it with a step material that will be of a similar size. After that, they should be laid in one layer on the "frame" of concrete, which is pre-aligned. This method has a huge advantage, since, having made a mistake, you can easily chip off the lining of the desired area and re-finish.

Visor construction

The visor is primarily the protection of the platform and steps from various natural precipitation, as well as the ability to independently decorate the porch with your own hands in the house or in the country, beautifully and in a short time. Often it is made of durable metal pipes, coniferous trees or, in extreme cases, metal are used for the frame itself, but any wood or plexiglass is used for sheathing.

Peaks made of wood will need to be tinted at least 2 times annually or treated with special products instead, otherwise it will gradually dry out and then split longitudinally. When using plexiglass, it is better to make spans between them of about 0.7 m2. It is strongly not recommended to use glass, as it can easily crack in winter during snow or due to frame deformation.

The total area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe visor must necessarily be half a meter larger than the porch itself, otherwise it will not be able to fulfill its main function - protection.

The easiest and fairly quick option is to make something that looks like a metal staircase. Then the distance between each step can be made approximately 0.5 m. In this case, you will no longer need L-shaped elements and a channel, because the load on the visor itself will be many times less and only the corners in the outer frame will be enough. But filling with wood or porcelain stoneware can easily be replaced with any other material.

When pouring the foundation, during the formation of the foundation, piles are necessarily installed, and it is precisely on them that a visor should be laid. In addition, it will help in the future to completely glaze the veranda in just a couple of days, if there is a desire.

For coating, it is better to take a metal sheet along with tiles, but it will be much more effective and beautiful if you use plexiglass and polycarbonate.

Advice! To avoid rust on a worn metal sheet, you can easily paint it with paint in several layers.

Be sure to make the visor pitched, and in the place where the lower edge will be, carefully weld a metal gutter with a slight slope. Fasten an ordinary chain at the very end, which will reach the ground and thus, water will not splash during rain. Due to the fact that water has excellent viscosity and easy fluidity, it will slowly flow down this chain. If you want to somehow get rid of the appearance of puddles near the porch, make drainage.

How to glaze a porch yourself

The most common option is a closed porch. In this case, the concrete and stone foundation, together with the visor and the stairs, is very popular, while it is necessarily attached to piles.

With the help of corners, which must match the height of the piles in the visor, a frame is formed. They are well welded to the piles, and then double frames made of wood with glass are inserted.

Advice! A glass sheet can be absolutely any height, however, the width should not be more than 120 cm, because the windage of this glass is high and even a light wind can severely damage it.

If the void between the piles turned out to be more than one meter, then break them with pseudo-piles. To do this, at the top and bottom, to the end of the piles, a corner is welded with a step inward, and then between them - a double angle, which will form pseudo-piles. Similarly, you need to divide the height, which forms a horizontal beam from several double corners. This will significantly reduce the load on the glass, and the design itself will look light and beautiful.

The most common mistakes that are made during the construction of the porch

1. Building a porch with your own hands using low-quality concrete (below grade 200). This concrete itself is quite friable, which is why it will be difficult to complete the cladding, since other mixtures have much higher strength after complete drying. In this case, temperature changes can seriously damage the lining. The foundation itself, which will subsequently remain open, will begin to collapse in the summer, and brick steps will collapse even faster.

2. Lack of good waterproofing. If waterproofing is not done in a timely manner in the porch to the house, this will lead to a huge accumulation of moisture below, as a result of which, during frosts, the structure will begin to gradually collapse. The steps will suffer the most, since it is they who get wet in the very first place.

3. Leveling of steps and plastering was done only a few days after the completion of concreting. If there is a long break in time, then all layers will cease to hold without additional gaps in the structure itself, or at best they will, but very weakly. Do not forget that the place where the plaster adheres together with the screeds is considered the most vulnerable.

4. The foundation was erected without reinforcement in the base. If you do not have fittings, then the porch to the house will simply be divided into two separate parts at the slightest subsidence. This would be impossible to repair.

5. Do-it-yourself porch was attached to the foundation of the house itself without special expansion joints. You can securely attach the porch only if the house with the porch has a joint foundation. If this is not done, then a sedimentary crack will appear right at the border of the two foundations. To avoid this, the seam of the facing brick or tile should be placed at one border, and the gaps should be filled with silicone sealant and in no case with grout.

So, you do not need any specific skills for building a porch with your own hands. Each operation is considered basic in construction and therefore everything is within the power of even a beginner with skillful hands.

Porch to the house with their own hands. Video

In this case, the porch can be made of different materials and have a variety of shapes. In the article we will talk about how to make a wooden porch with our own hands, show diagrams, drawings, photos and videos.

Perhaps, even at the design stage, one should think about what kind of porch to make for the house. There are several types of them:

• Ordinary (simple) porch. It consists of a small number of steps, while the risers can be both open and closed. Such a porch can be built with or without railings. It has a simple appearance, there is no wide flooring.
• Porch - patio. It has an original appearance and is characterized by beautiful shapes. Such a porch has a special platform on which flowers or other elements of decorative structures are installed. There may be a small recreational area.

• Porch - terrace or veranda has a rather complex shape. It connects to the open part of the house, has a seating area.
• built-in porch. It is built together with the house, has a common foundation with it. This type of porch is designed together with the building, every element of the building is thought out.
• Attached (attached) porch. It is built separately from the building itself. It can be done during the operation of the house. It is a separate structure, which in a certain way joins the house.

To build a porch is quite within the power of everyone. When carrying out construction work, it is important to follow the rules and safety precautions.

Self-construction of the porch includes the following steps:

1. First of all, you need to make a drawing of the future design. The drawing can be made independently or ordered from specialists.
2. The drawing of the porch should have a general view, the dimensions of the flight of stairs, landings, railings and flights of stairs.
3. When designing, it is necessary to immediately consider what material will be used. If the porch will have more traffic, then it is better to use stronger wood species. For a small family, you can make a porch out of pine.
4. It is important to consider what kind of protection from precipitation will be provided, for example, you can use a roof or a canopy.
5. The platform of the structure should not interfere with the opening and closing of doors, while there should be enough space on it for the movement of several people.
6. Before starting construction work, it is worth deciding what step height is best to use.
7. Consider the design and appearance of the porch. This design should harmoniously fit into the exterior of the house.

After the preparatory work has been carried out, you can safely proceed to the construction of the porch.

To make a wooden porch, you will need to select the following building material:

• A bar with a section of 10 × 20 cm for supports. Although in most cases the size of the support beam is selected individually. The choice depends on the degree of load on the structure. As for the wood itself, it is preferable to choose larch or pine. They contain resins that allow wood to withstand adverse environmental conditions.
• Boards with a thickness of 3-5 cm for the flooring of the site.
• Blanks for balusters and railings. If there are none, then you should purchase a beam / rail for their manufacture. The dimensions depend on the design parameters.
• Impregnations, solutions and special compositions for wood impregnation.
• Concrete for pouring supports.

We invite you to familiarize yourself with the technology of making a wooden porch on wooden poles. Building a porch on a foundation in the form of a support cushion will be justified subject to the following rules:

• The base of the kosour must necessarily have an emphasis on waterproofing, which is located between the wood of the kosour and the foundation.
• For supports, it is better to take softwood, especially if you live in an area with high humidity.

• The pillars of the support should be treated with an antiseptic against decay. In this case, it is not recommended to use roofing felt, as it does not allow air to pass through, and this leads to rotting of the wood. Therefore, for processing it is better to use used oil or drying oil.
• The installation depth of the column is up to 80 cm. On average, the depth of digging in the support can be equal to 1/3 of its length.
• If the design according to the plan is massive enough, then more supports should be installed for better stability.
• Each support must be poured with concrete. After it dries, check the height between all posts. If there is a difference, then it is necessary to eliminate it by filing.

• After that, you can lay the log on the supports.
• If possible, fasten the upper edge of the stringer to the railway sleeper.

The principle of building a porch for a brick or wooden house is identical. In any case, it is worth making a quality binding of the porch to the building.

As for the steps, everything is very simple here. Boards are laid on logs and fixed with nails or self-tapping screws. The installation method may vary. For example, boards are fitted close to each other so that there are no gaps between them. In this case, the slope of the porch will be from 1.5 to 2 °. This will be enough so that the water does not accumulate, but drains. Another laying method is to leave gaps of up to 3 mm between planks. This will allow the water to immediately flow down without lingering on the surface of the porch.

The latter method of laying flooring has its drawbacks, which is associated with the risk of injury. This applies to those cases if the beautiful half of the house wears stilettos.

If we talk about steps, then they can be purchased ready-made. But if you want to save the family budget, you can make them yourself:

1. It is necessary to start the installation of steps from the bottom of the bowstring / stringer. For fastening, self-tapping screws are used, the caps of which are recessed into the wood.
2. First of all, the risers are installed, and then the steps themselves.
3. If you have steps on the stringer, then the fastening is carried out directly to it.

When the steps are ready, you should worry about safe movement along the porch by constructing railings. They can also be made from wood. Especially fences on the steps are necessary if there are more than three steps.

Porch fencing can be made of forging, stone or brick. In this case, it will look more monumental.

Be sure to include additional security features. This includes anti-slip coating, which can be made of rubber, rubber, etc. This is very important, because frozen water makes walking on the porch and steps unsafe.

So, making a porch out of wood is one thing. It is quite another to provide him with a long service life. It is about the means of protecting a wooden porch that we will talk about further.

To organize the protection of the porch and steps, it is worth making a canopy. It will prevent the ingress of snow, rain and direct sunlight. All this negatively affects wood, especially with constant exposure. If the porch is small, then it will be enough to build a small visor. For the roof of the canopy / visor, you can use different materials - corrugated board, polycarbonate, tiles, etc.

When arranging a canopy or visor, it is important to make sure that the support pillars do not interfere with movement.

This is the principle by which a wooden porch is made. If you already have experience in making such a design, then leave comments at the end of this article. If you are a beginner master, then the provided diagrams and photographs will help you design and do all the work yourself. We also invite you to view the prepared video material.

Video

In the provided video, you can clearly see the technology for making a wooden porch:

A photo

In the photographs you can see different options for making a wooden porch:

Schemes

If you decide to make a wooden porch yourself, then the proposed schemes can help you develop your own project:

Reading time ≈ 11 minutes

The porch marks the entrance to the house, gives integrity to the building, serves as a spectacular decor. It is made from different materials, including wood. We will talk about making a simple wooden porch for a house with our own hands, consider various projects and photos of wooden structures.

Low porch without railing with a canopy.

General device and norms

This design is an extension to the house (directly at the front door) in the form of a platform of various sizes, equipped with steps and a canopy. This design has several important functions:

1. Ease of movement between the house and the territory. Often the entrance to the house (respectively, the foundation) is located at a certain height from ground level. To make it convenient to move between the territory and the dwelling, a transition platform with steps is created. If the height difference is small, 1-3 steps are enough, but sometimes the porch may consist of one or two flights of stairs.
2. Protection of the space near the front door from atmospheric influences. The entrance to the house will be protected by a porch from rain, snow and hail, as well as the scorching sun and sometimes even wind, in the case of a special design of the porch.
3. Architectural design of the dwelling. It is the porch that gives the house a complete, harmonious and integral look and can serve as an important decorative element not only of the building, but also of the site as a whole.

Definitely, it is desirable to think about the construction of the porch (in particular, its size, shape, type) at the design stage of the house. But also the porch can be attached to an already finished building. A wooden porch looks as harmonious as possible with wooden houses, however, there are frequent cases when a wooden porch is attached to houses made of brick and other material.

Spacious wooden porch.

If you are planning to build a porch, it is important to familiarize yourself with some norms and requirements:

1. The level of the extension should be 5 cm lower than the level of the front door. Since wood can change size somewhat during frost, the consequence may be raising the porch and blocking the entrance to the dwelling.
2. The area should be wide enough for two people to pass each other. Optimally - 1.5 m.
3. When choosing dimensions, also keep in mind that the front door should open in such a way that people standing on the porch do not collide with it.
4. It is important to choose the right size of the steps and ladder structure. The optimal height of the steps is 16-20 cm, a comfortable width is 25-30 cm. The width of the stairs itself should be at least 1 m. Remember that the parameters of the steps determine the slope of the stairs - the smaller it is, the easier it is to walk on it.
5. Under the porch, it is necessary to build a foundation. It can be columnar or monolithic. It can be placed separately without attaching to the building. We will talk about the foundation in more detail later.

The photo below shows a porch in a private house with a visor:

Porch with a canopy.

Sizes, shapes, types

By design, all extensions can be divided into open and closed. In the first case, the porch is much easier and cheaper to make. It consists of a platform with steps, can be supplemented with railings and a canopy. Often this option is implemented in the country - since such a design cannot fully protect against precipitation, wind and sun, it is built near buildings that are not used in the cold season.

The closed porch is a more complex and reliable design. Such an extension is able to protect well from precipitation, wind, sun. In winter, she will not let the snow block the front door. It consists of a canopy that completely covers the site, steps and a canopy above them, side fences that partially or completely cover the structure. Obviously, this option is more expensive and complex.

Small open porch.

Variants of closed structures are vestibule and terrace. The tambour is a large or small buffer room. The veranda is usually quite spacious, it has the opportunity to place furniture for relaxing in the summer. It may also be open.

Most often, the porch has one exit. But sometimes they make an exit on two sides - this is convenient if there is a building in front of the entrance and it is not possible to choose a different porch design. This option is difficult to implement and more expensive than the others.

Complex two-level porch.

Porch sizes may vary. Basically, it is worth starting from the dimensions of the building itself - for a spacious country mansion it is better to choose the appropriate design, and for small country houses a compact cozy porch will be enough.

When choosing a form, there are also no strict rules. It should be based on the general geometry and type of building. So, the porch can be:

• rectangular;
• corner;
• trapezoidal;
• rounded - oval, round, rounded rectangle;
• asymmetrical.

The shape of the porch should harmoniously complement the appearance of the building and be combined with other elements of the building.

Open porch terrace.

Choice of wood

The type of porch depends heavily on the material from which it is made. So, for the construction of a wooden extension, pine or larch is usually chosen. As for the form itself, you can use both a log and a beam. For combined structures, you can use a metal frame and a board to decorate the platform and steps.

The porch made of logs looks very picturesque, colorful. But it is not suitable for every building - such a design will look harmonious with a Russian-style house, a hut, a manor, or a building made of timber or finished with such material. For the construction of the porch, whole logs of different diameters are used, as well as specimens sawn lengthwise (for example, for steps).

Timber porch.

If the dwelling is lined with siding, built of brick or timber, it is better to make a porch from timber. Its strict geometric lines will harmoniously echo the lines of the building. For this, a beam made of coniferous wood with a size of 15 * 15 cm is used. It is worth noting that structures made of timber are much easier to implement.

Important! All wood must first be treated with special protective compounds - antiperans that protect against fire, and antiseptics that prevent rotting and damage by insects. Wood in contact with the soil must be treated with bitumen or covered with roofing material.

Manufacturing

When the shape, type and dimensions of the structure are determined, you can proceed to the main stage - construction. We will tell you how to quickly and cheaply make a porch to the house with your own hands. The process consists of several stages, each of which we will consider separately and in detail.

Necessary materials:

1. Beam for supporting pillars with a section of 10 * 20 cm.
2. Board 3 cm thick.
3. Reiki 5 cm wide.
4. Sand, gravel and cement.
5. antiseptic coatings.
6. Bitumen (roofing material).

The choice of design depends on your wishes and features of the facade of the house. But let's take this drawing as an example:

Porch drawing.

Foundation

As we have already indicated, under a wooden porch, even of small sizes, it is necessary to make a foundation. When building a house, it is desirable to lay the foundation along with the main one. But if the house already exists, the foundation is created separately.

Depending on the complexity of the design, the foundation does differently. So, the porches can be divided into the following groups:

1. Simplified - this is an open type of porch with a couple of steps, often without a canopy and railings. As a foundation, you can use wide flat stones, columns of brick or concrete and reinforcement.
2. Built-in - the base of such structures is poured along with the base of the house.
3. Attached - this version of the foundation is very common. It is poured after the construction of the house. It must be strong and reliable in order to withstand the weight of a massive porch. It is this option that we will consider in detail.

Important! The attached foundation cannot be connected to the base of the house in order to avoid splitting the seam when the soil is heaving. Consider this point when deciding how to attach a porch to the house.

Expansion joint device.

For the arrangement of the porch, a pile or columnar type of foundation is used. They are optimal in terms of implementation complexity and reliability. In the diagram below you can see the principle of construction of these and other types of foundation. However, if a spacious, heavy, complex structure is planned, it is required to build tape or slab types under it.

Foundation options.

How to make a foundation step by step:

1. All wood is treated with antiseptics and dried.
2. In places where the bars are installed, recesses are dug up to 0.8 m deep. A layer of sand and gravel, 10 cm each, is laid at the bottom.
3. The bars are deepened in the center of the pits, leveled, and filled with concrete. Wait for the concrete to dry completely.
4. In the upper part, the timber can be fixed to the walls of the house.

Staircase, railing and canopy

As we have already indicated, the staircase should be easy to use, therefore it is necessary to correctly calculate the width, height and, accordingly, the number of steps. The ladder can be on stringers (see photo below) or string.

Ladder device.

For the manufacture of stringers, it is necessary to choose a long wide board, cut it along the length of the stairs, make notches for attaching treads. Further, the stringers are fixed to the lags of the porch platform. And also to the support posts. Next, you need to lay the floor of the platform from the board. Then, starting from the bottom, risers and steps are attached.

Laying steps.

If the porch is low and small, railings are optional. For tall structures, railings are highly desirable, including for safety reasons. To install them, it is necessary to attach the support posts to the lower step and platform, attach the railing from above, then supplement the structure with balusters.

Railing fastening.

The original solution will be the lattice roof of the canopy. It can be used as a support for climbing plants - this way you can create a floral facade.

Spacious low porch with slatted roof.

For the decoration of the porch-terrace, the same materials were selected as for the decoration of the house in compliance with the color scheme.

Spacious attached porch.

In the example below, we see that bright shades were used to decorate the porch - white, brick and brown, which contrast advantageously with the soft green tint of the walls of the house.

Open porch.

So, making a simple wooden porch for a house with your own hands is not a difficult task if you approach planning correctly, as well as use ready-made photos and wood projects. Even a small porch can transform the facade and radically change the perception of the house for the better.

Video: do-it-yourself wooden porch.