Introduction
For large plants of all industries with high heat consumption, the optimal system of energy supply is from a district or industrial CHP.
The process of generating electricity at CHP plants is characterized by increased thermal efficiency and higher energy performance compared to condensing power plants. This is explained by the fact that the waste heat of the turbine, which is diverted to a cold source (a heat receiver from an external consumer), is used in it.
In the work, the calculation of the thermal scheme of the power plant based on the production heat-and-power turbine PT-80/100-130/13, operating in the design mode at the outside air temperature, is carried out.
The task of calculating the thermal scheme is to determine the parameters, flow rates and directions of the flow of the working fluid in units and assemblies, as well as the total steam consumption, electric power and indicators of thermal efficiency of the station.
Description of the principal thermal diagram of the PT-80/100-130/13 turbine plant
The 80 MW electric power unit consists of a drum boiler high pressure E-320/140, turbines PT-80/100-130/13, generator and auxiliary equipment.
The power unit has seven selections. It is possible to carry out two-stage heating of network water in the turbine plant. There is a main and peak boiler, as well as a PVC, which turns on if the boilers cannot provide the required heating of the network water.
Fresh steam from the boiler with a pressure of 12.8 MPa and a temperature of 555 0 C enters the turbine HPC and, after exhausting, is sent to the turbine CSD, and then to the LPC. Having worked out, the steam flows from the LPC to the condenser.
The power unit for regeneration has three high-pressure heaters (HPH) and four low-pressure heaters (LPH). The heaters are numbered from the tail of the turbine unit. The condensate of the heating steam HPH-7 is cascaded into HPH-6, into HPH-5 and then into the deaerator (6 atm). Condensate drain from LPH4, LPH3 and LPH2 is also carried out in cascade in LPH1. Then, from the LPH1, the condensate of the heating steam is sent to the CM1 (see PRT2).
The main condensate and feed water are heated sequentially in PE, SH and PS, in four low-pressure heaters (LPH), in a 0.6 MPa deaerator and in three high-pressure heaters (HPV). Steam is supplied to these heaters from three adjustable and four unregulated turbine steam extractions.
The block for heating water in the heating network has a boiler plant, consisting of a lower (PSG-1) and an upper (PSG-2) network heaters, fed respectively with steam from the 6th and 7th selections, and PVK. Condensate from the upper and lower network heaters is supplied by drain pumps to mixers SM1 between LPH1 and LPH2 and SM2 between heaters LPH2 and LPH3.
Heating temperature feed water lies within (235-247) 0 C and depends on the initial pressure of fresh steam, the amount of subheating in HPH7.
The first steam extraction (from HPC) is used to heat feed water in HPH-7, the second steam extraction (from HPC) - to HPH-6, the third (from HPC) - to HPH-5, D6ata, for production; the fourth (from CSD) - in LPH-4, the fifth (from CSD) - in LPH-3, the sixth (from CSD) - in LPH-2, deaerator (1.2 atm), in PSG2, in PSV; the seventh (from CND) - in PND-1 and PSG1.
To make up for losses, the scheme provides for the intake of raw water. Raw water is heated in the raw water heater (RWS) to a temperature of 35 ° C, then, after passing chemical treatment, enters the deaerator 1.2 ata. To ensure heating and deaeration of additional water, the heat of steam from the sixth extraction is used.
Steam from the sealing rods in the amount of D pcs = 0.003D 0 goes to the deaerator (6 atm). Steam from the extreme seal chambers is directed to the SH, from the middle seal chambers to the PS.
Boiler blowdown - two-stage. Steam from the expander of the 1st stage goes to the deaerator (6 atm), from the expander of the 2nd stage to the deaerator (1.2 atm). Water from the expander of the 2nd stage is supplied to the network water main, to partially replenish network losses.
Figure 1. Principal thermal scheme CHPP based on TU PT-80/100-130/13
3.3.4 Steam turbine plant PT-80/100-130/13
Heating steam turbine PT-80/100-130/13 with industrial and heating steam extraction is designed for direct drive of electric generator TVF-120-2 with a rotation speed of 50 rpm and heat release for production and heating needs.
Power, MW
nominal 80
maximum 100
Rated steam parameters
pressure, MPa 12.8
temperature, 0 С 555
Consumption of extracted steam for production needs, t/h
nominal 185
maximum 300
upper 0.049-0.245
lower 0.029-0.098
Production selection pressure 1.28
Water temperature, 0 C
nutritional 249
cooling 20
Cooling water consumption, t/h 8000
The turbine has the following adjustable steam extractions:
production with an absolute pressure (1.275 ± 0.29) MPa and two heating selections - the upper one with an absolute pressure in the range of 0.049-0.245 MPa and the lower one with a pressure in the range of 0.029-0.098 MPa. The heating extraction pressure is regulated by means of one control diaphragm installed in the upper heating extraction chamber. Regulated pressure in the heating extractions is maintained: in the upper extraction - when both heating extractions are switched on, in the lower extraction - when one lower heating extraction is switched on. Network water through the network heaters of the lower and upper stages of heating must be passed sequentially and in equal quantities. The flow of water passing through the network heaters must be controlled.
The turbine is a single-shaft two-cylinder unit. The HPC flow path has a single-row control stage and 16 pressure stages.
The flow part of the LPC consists of three parts:
the first (up to the upper heating outlet) has a control stage and 7 pressure stages,
the second (between the heating taps) two pressure stages,
the third - the control stage and two pressure stages.
The high pressure rotor is one-piece forged. The first ten disks of the low-pressure rotor are forged integrally with the shaft, the remaining three disks are mounted.
The steam distribution of the turbine is nozzle. At the exit from the HPC, part of the steam goes to controlled production extraction, the rest goes to the LPC. Heating extractions are carried out from the corresponding LPC chambers.
To reduce the warm-up time and improve start-up conditions, steam heating of flanges and studs and live steam supply to the HPC front seal are provided.
The turbine is equipped with a barring device that rotates the shafting of the turbine unit at a frequency of 3.4 rpm.
The turbine blade apparatus is designed to operate at a mains frequency of 50 Hz, which corresponds to a turbine rotor speed of 50 rpm (3000 rpm). Long-term operation of the turbine is allowed with a frequency deviation in the network of 49.0-50.5 Hz.
3.3.5 Steam turbine plant Р-50/60-130/13-2
The R-50/60-130/13-2 backpressure steam turbine is designed to drive the TVF-63-2 electric generator with a rotation speed of 50 s -1 and to release steam for production needs.
The nominal values of the main parameters of the turbine are given below:
Power, MW
Rated 52.7
Maximum 60
Initial steam parameters
Pressure, MPa 12.8
Temperature, o C 555
Pressure in the exhaust pipe, MPa 1.3
The turbine has two unregulated steam extractions intended for heating feed water in high pressure heaters.
Turbine design:
The turbine is a single-cylinder unit with a single-crown control stage and 16 pressure stages. All rotor discs are forged integrally with the shaft. Steam distribution of the turbine with bypass. Fresh steam is supplied to a free-standing steam box in which an automatic shutter valve is located, from where the steam passes through bypass pipes to four control valves.
The turbine blade apparatus is designed to operate at a frequency of 3000 rpm. Long-term operation of the turbine is allowed with a frequency deviation in the network of 49.0-50.5 Hz
The turbo unit is equipped protective devices for joint shutdown of the HPH with simultaneous activation of the bypass line by giving a signal. Atmospheric diaphragm valves installed on the exhaust pipes and opening when the pressure in the pipes rises to 0.12 MPa.
3.3.6 Steam turbine plant T-110/120-130/13
Heating steam turbine T-110/120-130/13 with heating steam extraction is designed for direct drive of electric generator TVF-120-2 with a rotation speed of 50 rpm and heat supply for heating needs.
The nominal values of the main parameters of the turbine are given below.
Power, MW
nominal 110
maximum 120
Rated steam parameters
pressure, MPa 12.8
temperature, 0 С 555
nominal 732
maximum 770
Limits of steam pressure change in controlled heating extraction, MPa
upper 0.059-0.245
lower 0.049-0.196
Water temperature, 0 C
nutritional 232
cooling 20
Cooling water consumption, t/h 16000
Vapor pressure in the condenser, kPa 5.6
The turbine has two heating extractions - lower and upper, designed for stepwise heating of network water. In case of stepwise heating of network water with steam from two heating extractions, the control maintains the set temperature of network water downstream of the upper network heater. When heating network water with one lower heating extraction, the temperature of network water is maintained behind the lower network heater.
Pressure in adjustable heating extractions can vary within the following limits:
in the upper 0.059 - 0.245 MPa with two heating extractions turned on,
at the bottom 0.049 - 0.196 MPa with the top heating off.
Turbine T-110/120-130/13 is a single-shaft unit consisting of three cylinders: high pressure cylinder, low pressure cylinder, low pressure cylinder.
The HPC is single-flow, has a two-row control stage and 8 pressure stages. The high-pressure rotor is one-piece forged.
TsSD - also single-flow, has 14 steps of pressure. The first 8 disks of the medium pressure rotor are forged integrally with the shaft, the remaining 6 are mounted. The guide vane of the first stage of the TsSD is installed in the housing, the remaining diaphragms are installed in holders.
LPC - double-flow, has two stages in each stream of left and right rotation (one control and one pressure stage). The length of the working blade of the last stage is 550 mm, the average diameter of the impeller of this stage is 1915 mm. The low pressure rotor has 4 mounted discs.
In order to facilitate the start-up of the turbine from a hot state and increase its maneuverability during operation under load, the temperature of the steam supplied to the penultimate chamber of the HPC front seal is increased by mixing hot steam from the control valve stems or from the main steam pipeline. From the last compartments of the seals, the vapor-air mixture is sucked off by the suction ejector from the seals.
To reduce the heating time and improve the conditions for starting the turbine, steam heating of the HPC flanges and studs is provided.
The turbine blade apparatus is designed to operate at a mains frequency of 50 Hz, which corresponds to a turbine rotor speed of 50 rpm (3000 rpm).
Long-term operation of the turbine is allowed with a frequency deviation in the network of 49.0-50.5 Hz. In emergency situations for the system, short-term operation of the turbine is allowed at a network frequency below 49 Hz, but not below 46.5 Hz (the time is specified in the technical specifications).
Information on the work "Modernization of the Almaty CHPP-2 by changing the water-chemical regime of the make-up water treatment system in order to increase the temperature of the network water to 140-145 C"
| Assignment for a course project | 3 |
|
| 1. | Initial reference data | 4 |
| 2. | Calculation of the boiler plant | 6 |
| 3. | Construction of the steam expansion process in the turbine | 8 |
| 4. | Steam and feed water balance | 9 |
| 5. | Determination of parameters of steam, feed water and condensate by PTS elements | 11 |
| 6. | Compilation and solution of heat balance equations for sections and elements of PTS | 15 |
| 7. | Energy power equation and its solution | 23 |
| 8. | Calculation check | 24 |
| 9. | Definition energy indicators | 25 |
| 10. | Choice of accessories | 26 |
| Bibliography | 27 |
|
Assignment for a course project
Student: Onuchin D.M..
Project theme: Calculation of the thermal scheme of PTU PT-80/100-130/13
Project Data
P 0 \u003d 130 kg / cm 2;
;
;
Q t \u003d 220 MW;
;
.
Pressure in unregulated withdrawals - from reference data.
Preparation of additional water - from the atmospheric deaerator "D-1.2".
The volume of the settlement part
Design calculation of PTU in the SI system for rated power.
Determination of energy indicators of the work of vocational schools.
The choice of auxiliary equipment for vocational schools.
1. Initial reference data
The main indicators of the turbine PT-80/100-130.
Table 1.
| Parameter | Value | Dimension |
| Rated power | 80 | MW |
| Max power | 100 | MW |
| Initial pressure | 23,5 | MPa |
| Initial temperature | 540 | FROM |
| Pressure at the outlet of the HPC | 4,07 | MPa |
| The temperature at the outlet of the HPC | 300 | FROM |
| Superheated steam temperature | 540 | FROM |
| Cooling water consumption | 28000 | m 3 / h |
| Cooling water temperature | 20 | FROM |
| Condenser pressure | 0,0044 | MPa |
The turbine has 8 unregulated steam extractions designed to heat feed water in low-pressure heaters, deaerator, high-pressure heaters and to power the drive turbine of the main feed pump. The exhaust steam from the turbo drive is returned to the turbine.
Table 2.
| Selection | Pressure, MPa | Temperature, 0 C |
|
| I | LDPE №7 | 4,41 | 420 |
| II | PVD №6 | 2,55 | 348 |
| III | PND №5 | 1,27 | 265 |
| Deaerator | 1,27 | 265 |
|
| IV | PND №4 | 0,39 | 160 |
| V | PND №3 | 0,0981 | - |
| VI | PND №2 | 0,033 | - |
| VII | PND №1 | 0,003 | - |
The turbine has two heating steam extractions, upper and lower, designed for one and two-stage heating of network water. Heating extractions have the following pressure regulation limits:
Upper 0.5-2.5 kg / cm 2;
Lower 0.3-1 kg/cm 2 .
2. Calculation of the boiler plant
WB - upper boiler;
NB - lower boiler;
Obr - reverse network water.
D WB, D NB - steam flow to the upper and lower boilers, respectively.
temperature graph: t pr / t o br \u003d 130 / 70 C;
T pr \u003d 130 0 C (403 K);
T arr \u003d 70 0 C (343 K).
Determination of steam parameters in heating extractions
We accept uniform heating on the VSP and NSP;
We accept the value of underheating in network heaters 
.
We accept pressure losses in pipelines 
.
The pressure of the upper and lower extractions from the turbine for VSP and LSP:
bar; 
bar.
h WB =418.77 kJ/kg
h NB \u003d 355.82 kJ / kg
D WB (h 5 - h WB /) \u003d K W SV (h WB - h NB) →
→ D WB =1.01∙870.18(418.77-355.82)/(2552.5-448.76)=26.3 kg/s
D NB h 6 + D WB h WB / + K W SV h OBR \u003d KW SV h NB + (D WB +D NB) h NB / →
→ D NB \u003d / (2492-384.88) \u003d 25.34 kg / s
D WB + D NB \u003d D B \u003d 26.3 + 25.34 \u003d 51.64 kg / s
3. Construction of the steam expansion process in the turbine
Let us take the pressure loss in the steam distribution devices of the cylinders:
;
;
;
In this case, the pressure at the inlet to the cylinders (behind the control valves) will be:
The process in the h,s-diagram is shown in fig. 2.
4. Balance of steam and feed water.
We assume that the end seals (D KU) and the steam ejectors (D EP) receive steam of higher potential.
The spent steam from the end seals and from the ejectors is directed to the stuffing box heater. We accept heating of condensate in it:
The spent steam in the ejector coolers is directed to the ejector heater (EP). Heating in it:
We accept the steam flow to the turbine (D) as a known value.
Intra-station losses of the working fluid: D UT =0.02D.
Steam consumption for end seals will be 0.5%: D KU = 0.005D.
Steam consumption for the main ejectors will be 0.3%: D EJ = 0.003D.
Then:
Steam consumption from the boiler will be:
Because drum boiler, it is necessary to take into account the blowdown of the boiler.
D prod \u003d 0.015D \u003d 1.03D K \u003d 0.0154D.
The amount of feed water supplied to the boiler:
Amount of additional water:
Condensate losses for production:
(1-K pr) D pr \u003d (1-0.6) ∙ 75 \u003d 30 kg / s.
The pressure in the boiler drum is approximately 20% higher than the fresh steam pressure at the turbine (due to hydraulic losses), i.e.
P q.v. =1.2P 0 =1.2∙12.8=15.36 MPa → 
kJ/kg.
The pressure in the continuous blowdown expander (CRP) is about 10% higher than in the deaerator (D-6), i.e.
P RNP \u003d 1.1P d \u003d 1.1 ∙ 5.88 \u003d 6.5 bar →
→
kJ/kg;
kJ/kg;
kJ/kg;
D P.R. \u003d β ∙ D prod \u003d 0.438 0.0154D \u003d 0.0067D;
D V.R. \u003d (1-β) D prod \u003d (1-0.438) 0.0154D \u003d 0.00865D.
D ext \u003d D ut + (1-K pr) D pr + D v.r. =0.02D+30+0.00865D=0.02865D+30.
We determine the consumption of network water through network heaters:
We accept leaks in the heat supply system of 1% of the amount of circulating water.
Thus, the required performance of chem. water treatment:
5. Determination of parameters of steam, feed water and condensate by PTS elements.
We accept the pressure loss in the steam pipelines from the turbine to the heaters of the regenerative system in the amount of:
| I selection | PVD-7 | 4% |
| II selection | PVD-6 | 5% |
| III selection | PVD-5 | 6% |
| IV selection | PVD-4 | 7% |
| V selection | PND-3 | 8% |
| VI selection | PND-2 | 9% |
| VII selection | PND-1 | 10% |
The determination of the parameters depends on the design of the heaters ( see fig. 3). In the calculated scheme, all HDPE and LDPE are surface.
In the course of the main condensate and feed water from the condenser to the boiler, we determine the parameters we need.
5.1. We neglect the increase in enthalpy in the condensate pump. Then the parameters of the condensate before the EP:
0.04 bar 
29°С, 
121.41 kJ/kg.
5.2. We take the heating of the main condensate in the ejector heater equal to 5°C.
34 °С; kJ/kg.
5.3. The water heating in the stuffing box heater (SH) is assumed to be 5°С.
39 °С, 
kJ/kg.
5.4. PND-1 - disabled.
It feeds on steam from the VI selection.
69.12 °С, 
289.31 kJ / kg \u003d h d2 (drainage from HDPE-2).
°С, 
4.19∙64.12=268.66kJ/kg
It feeds on steam from the V selection.
Heating steam pressure in the heater body:
96.7 °С, 
405.21 kJ/kg;
Water parameters behind the heater:
°С, 
4.19∙91.7=384.22 kJ/kg.
We preliminarily set the temperature increase due to the mixing of flows in front of LPH-3 by 
, i.e. we have:
It feeds on steam from the IV selection.
Heating steam pressure in the heater body:
140.12°С, 
589.4 kJ/kg;
Water parameters behind the heater:
°С, 
4.19∙135.12=516.15 kJ/kg.
Parameters of the heating medium in the drain cooler:
5.8. Feed water deaerator.
Feed water deaerator operates at constant steam pressure in the casing
R D-6 \u003d 5.88 bar → t D-6 H \u003d 158 ˚C, h ’D-6 \u003d 667 kJ / kg, h ”D-6 \u003d 2755.54 kJ / kg,
5.9. Feed pump.
Let's take the pump efficiency 
0,72.
Discharge pressure: MPa. °C, and the parameters of the heating medium in the drain cooler:
Steam parameters in the steam cooler:
°C; 
2833.36 kJ/kg.
We set the heating in OP-7 equal to 17.5 ° С. Then the temperature of the water behind the HPH-7 is equal to °С, and the parameters of the heating medium in the drain cooler are:
°C; 
1032.9 kJ/kg.
Feed water pressure after HPH-7 is:
Water parameters behind the heater itself.
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION
Description of the object.
Full name:“Automated training course “Operation of turbine PT-80/100-130/13”.
Symbol:
Year of issue: 2007.
The automated training course for the operation of the turbine PT-80/100-130/13 was developed to train operating personnel servicing turbine plants of this type and is a means of training, pre-examination preparation and examination testing of CHPP personnel.
AUK is compiled on the basis of regulatory and technical documentation used in the operation of turbines PT-80/100-130/13. It contains textual and graphical material for interactive study and testing of students.
This AUC describes the design and technological characteristics main and auxiliary equipment of heating turbines PT-80/100-130/13, namely: main steam valves, stop valve, control valves, HPC steam inlet, design features of HPC, HPC, LPC, turbine rotors, bearings, barring device, sealing system , condensing unit, low pressure regeneration, feed pumps, high pressure regeneration, combined heat and power plant, turbine oil system, etc.
Starting, normal, emergency and shutdown modes of operation of a turbine plant are considered, as well as the main reliability criteria for heating and cooling down steam pipelines, valve blocks and turbine cylinders.
The system of automatic control of the turbine, the system of protection, blocking and signaling are considered.
The procedure for admission to inspection, testing, repair of equipment, safety rules and explosion and fire safety have been determined.
The composition of the AUC:
Automated training course (ATC) is a software tool designed for initial training and subsequent testing of knowledge of power plant personnel and electrical networks. First of all, for the training of operational and operational-repair personnel.
The basis of the AUC is the operating production and job descriptions, regulatory materials, data from equipment manufacturers.
AUC includes:
— section of general theoretical information;
— a section that deals with the design and operation of a particular type of equipment;
- section of self-examination of the trainee;
- examiner's block.
In addition to texts, AUC contains the necessary graphic material (diagrams, drawings, photographs).
Information content of AUK.
1. The text material is based on the operating instructions, turbine PT-80/100-130/13, factory instructions, other regulatory and technical materials and includes the following sections:
1.1. Operation of the turbine unit PT-80/100-130/13.
1.1.1. General information about the turbine.
1.1.2. Oil system.
1.1.3. System of regulation and protection.
1.1.4. condensation device.
1.1.5. Regenerative plant.
1.1.6. Installation for heating network water.
1.1.7. Preparing the turbine for operation.
Preparation and inclusion in the work of the oil system and VPU.
Preparation and inclusion in the operation of the turbine control and protection system.
Protection testing.
1.1.8. Preparation and inclusion in the operation of the condensing device.
1.1.9. Preparation and commissioning of the regenerative plant.
1.1.10. Preparation of installation for heating network water.
1.1.11. Turbine preparation for start-up.
1.1.12. General instructions to be followed when starting the turbine from any state.
1.1.13. Turbine cold start.
1.1.14. Starting the turbine from a hot state.
1.1.15. Operating mode and changing parameters.
1.1.16. condensation mode.
1.1.17. Mode with selections for production and heating.
1.1.18. Reset and load surge.
1.1.19. Turbine shutdown and system reset.
1.1.20. Examination technical condition and maintenance. Protection check times.
1.1.21. Maintenance lubrication systems and VPU.
1.1.22. Maintenance of the condensing and regenerative plant.
1.1.23. Maintenance of the installation for heating network water.
1.1.24. Safety precautions when servicing a turbogenerator.
1.1.25. Fire safety when servicing turbine units.
1.1.26. The procedure for testing safety valves.
1.1.27. Application (protection).
2. Graphic material in this AUC is presented as part of 15 figures and diagrams:
2.1. Longitudinal section of the turbine PT-80/100-130-13 (CVP).
2.2. Longitudinal section of the turbine PT-80/100-130-13 (TsSND).
2.3. Scheme of steam extraction pipelines.
2.4. Scheme of oil pipelines of a turbogenerator.
2.5. Scheme of supply and suction of steam from seals.
2.6. Stuffing box heater PS-50.
2.7. Characteristics of stuffing box heater PS-50.
2.8. Scheme of the main condensate of the turbogenerator.
2.9. Scheme of network water pipelines.
2.10. Scheme of pipelines for suction of steam-air mixture.
2.11. PVD protection scheme.
2.12. Scheme of the main steam pipeline of the turbine unit.
2.13. Scheme of drainage of the turbine unit.
2.14. Scheme of the gas-oil system of the TVF-120-2 generator.
2.15. Energy characteristics of the PT-80/100-130/13 LMZ type tubing unit.
Check of knowledge
After studying the textual and graphic material, the student can launch a program of self-testing knowledge. The program is a test that checks the degree of assimilation of the material of the instruction. In case of an erroneous answer, the operator is shown an error message and a quote from the text of the instruction containing the correct answer. The total number of questions in this course is 300.
Exam
After completing the training course and self-control of knowledge, the student takes an examination test. It includes 10 questions automatically selected at random from among the questions provided for self-test. During the exam, the examinee is asked to answer these questions without prompts and the opportunity to refer to the textbook. No error messages are displayed until the end of testing. After the end of the exam, the student receives a protocol that contains the proposed questions, the answers chosen by the examiner and comments on erroneous answers. The exam grade is set automatically. The test protocol is stored on the hard drive of the computer. It is possible to print it on a printer.
Cogeneration steam turbine PT-80 / 100-130 / 13 of the production association for turbine construction "Leningrad Metal Works" (NOG LMZ) with industrial and heating steam extraction with a rated power of 80 MW, a maximum of 100 MW with an initial steam pressure of 12.8 MPa is designed for direct drive electric generator TVF-120-2 with a rotation frequency of 50 Hz and heat supply for the needs of production and heating.
When ordering a turbine, as well as in other documentation, where it should be designated "Steam turbine 1GG-80/100-130/13 TU 108-948-80".
Turbine PT-80/100-130/13 complies with the requirements of GOST 3618-85, GOST 24278-85 and GOST 26948-86.
The turbine has the following adjustable steam extractions: a production one with an absolute pressure of (1.275 ± 0.29) MPa and two heating extractions: an upper one with an absolute pressure in the range of 0.049-0.245 MPa and a lower one with a pressure in the range of 0.029-0.098 MPa.
The heating extraction pressure is regulated by means of a single control diaphragm installed in the upper heating extraction chamber. Regulated pressure in the heating extractions is maintained: in the upper extraction - when both heating extractions are switched on, in the lower extraction - when one lower heating extraction is switched on. Network water through the network heaters of the lower and upper stages of heating is passed sequentially and in the same amount. The flow of water passing through the network heaters is controlled.
Nominal values of the main parameters of the turbine PT-80/100-130/13
| Parameter | PT-8O/100-130/13 |
| 1. Power, MW | |
| nominal | 80 |
| maximum | 100 |
| 2. Initial steam parameters: | |
| pressure, MPa | 12.8 |
| temperature. °C | 555 | 284 (78.88) |
| 4. Consumption of selected steam for production. needs, t/h | |
| nominal | 185 |
| maximum | 300 |
| 5. Production selection pressure, MPa | 1.28 |
| 6. Maximum consumption of live steam, t/h | 470 |
| 7. Limits of steam pressure change in adjustable heating steam extractions, MPa | |
| at the top | 0.049-0.245 |
| in the bottom | 0.029-0.098 |
| 8. Water temperature, °С | |
| nutritional | 249 |
| cooling | 20 |
| 9. Cooling water consumption, t/h | 8000 |
| 10. Steam pressure in the condenser, kPa | 2.84 |
With nominal parameters of live steam, cooling water flow rate of 8000 m3/h, cooling water temperature of 20 °C, fully activated regeneration, amount of condensate heated in HPH equal to 100% of steam flow rate through the turbine, when the turbine unit is operating with a deaerator of 0.59 MPa, with staged heating of network water, with full use of the turbine throughput and minimal steam flow to the condenser, the following extraction values can be taken:
— nominal values of regulated extractions at a power of 80 MW;
- production selection - 185 t / h at an absolute pressure of 1.275 MPa;
- total heating extraction - 285 GJ / h (132 t / h) at absolute pressures: in the upper extraction - 0.088 MPa and in the lower extraction - 0.034 MPa;
- the maximum value of production selection at an absolute pressure in the selection chamber of 1.275 MPa is 300 t / h. With this value of production extraction and the absence of heating extractions, the turbine power is -70 MW. With a rated power of 80 MW and no heating extraction, the maximum production extraction will be -250 t/h;
— the maximum total value of heating extractions is 420 GJ/h (200 t/h); with this value of heating extractions and the absence of industrial extraction, the turbine power is about 75 MW; with a nominal power of 80 MW and no industrial extraction, the maximum heating extraction will be about 250 GJ/h (-120 t/h).
— the maximum power of the turbine with production and heating extraction off, at a cooling water flow rate of 8,000 m3/h at a temperature of 20 °C, with fully switched on regeneration, will be 80 MW. The maximum power of the turbine is 100 MW. obtained with certain combinations of production and heating extractions, depends on the magnitude of the extractions and is determined by the mode aperture.
It is possible to operate the turbine plant with the passage of make-up and network water through the built-in bundle
When the condenser is cooled by network water, the turbine can operate according to the thermal schedule. Maximum thermal power of the built-in beam is -130 GJ/h while maintaining the temperature in the exhaust part no higher than 80 °C.
Long-term operation of the turbine with rated power is allowed with the following deviations of the main parameters from the nominal:
- with a simultaneous change in any combination of the initial parameters of live steam - pressure from 12.25 to 13.23 MPa and temperature from 545 to 560 ° C; at the same time, the temperature of the cooling water should not exceed 20 °C;
- when the temperature of the cooling water at the condenser inlet rises to 33 °C and the flow rate of the cooling water is 8000 m3/h, if the initial parameters of the live steam are not lower than the nominal ones;
- while reducing the values of industrial and heating steam extractions to zero.
- with an increase in the pressure of live steam to 13.72 MPa and a temperature of up to 565 ° C, the operation of the turbine is allowed for no more than half an hour, and the total duration of the operation of the turbine at these parameters should not exceed 200 h / year.
For this turbine unit PT-80/100-130/13, a high-pressure heater No. 7 (PVD-475-230-50-1) is used. PVD-7 operates at steam parameters before entering the heater: pressure 4.41 MPa, temperature 420 °C and steam flow rate 7.22 kg/s. Feed water parameters in this case: pressure 15.93 MPa, temperature 233 °C and flow rate 130 kg/s.
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