There are many planes and planing machines available for planing boards. However, if the board is quite wide, more than 200mm, then planing it evenly, on a plane, is quite problematic, since one side of the board is convex and the other has curved edges.
In this case, it is better to use different planing techniques. The first way is to walk, not with a wide electric plane, over protruding places. This is done in order to plan evenly and prevent the plane of the board from skewing towards one of its edges.
In this case, when planing protruding edges, it is necessary to remove the thickness of the planing with a small amount of removal, and go through the same number of times on one and the other side. Finally, we plan the board on a wide planer. If there is no planer, then special knives with rounded ends are installed on the electric planer so that there is a protrusion between narrow passages, since the width of the plane when planing is less than the board.
If you have a large machine, then in order to avoid distortions when planing an uneven board that is convex on one side, shavings are poured onto the bed, after which the board is ground in and lies flat when planing. This simplest technique allows you to avoid distortion when planing.
You should not neglect the clamping device that many planing machines are equipped with, since they not only press the board, but also press it evenly. Upon reaching flat surface boards, the main thing is well-sharpened and adjusted knives, plus a thin layer of planing.
If your planer is narrower than the board being processed, then you should plan the board in one pass, first on one side, then on the other. Thus. You will achieve a smooth surface wide board.
Planing with an electric planer is a fairly easy process if you have at least some minimal knowledge. But things are different if you need to process a very wide board.
After all, not everyone can do this efficiently, but it is necessary that the layer is removed evenly from the surface of the board, and no processing boundaries are visible.
Instructions for planing with an electric planer
Before processing a wide board with an electric planer, first experiment on a piece that you do not need.
Note that the electric planer can operate in two modes: stationary and manual.
If you use the stationary mode, the board is passed through the knives of an electric planer.
Manual mode requires special settings for the electric planer. First you need to adjust the cutting depth of the knives. Usually they set 0.1-0.4 cm. The shallower the planing depth, the better the processing of the material will be, and you will practically not notice the boundaries between passes. If it is necessary to perform deep planing of a board, then first set the maximum cutting depth of the knives, make the first pass, and then the knives are reconfigured for better planing.
When you work with an electric planer a couple of times, you will learn to select the correct depth of cut, and the work process will noticeably speed up.
We process wood: what do you need to know?
Before processing lumber, you need to determine the direction in which you will plan. Usually planed in the direction of the wood grain. If the lumber is made from several boards, then you need to plan it diagonally.
To prevent the edge of the board from becoming uneven, you need to use a corner stop, which is attached to the base of the electric planer on the side and perpendicular to its axis.
When you have finished planing the wide board, you will need to align the boundaries between the passes. This stage is called scraping. For this, a special grinder is used, which will remove all roughness.
Hello readers blog "build a house". Almost all mechanical and electrical tools require proper handling and timely adjustment. We have already discussed how to properly set up a mechanical plane in our previous article on. Today I propose to consider the question planing with an electric planer. At the end you will learn how to work with this tool.
Included with electric planer
Electric planer knivesThe first electric planer was released by Makita. Today it is difficult for a master to imagine life without this incredible useful tool.
How to adjust an electric planer
Adjustment electric planer knives should be carried out according to the situation using a special adjustment mechanism, which is located on the front handle of the electric planer. By rotating this handle, we achieve the required amount of release of the knives (0-2 mm); they should be positioned evenly, parallel to the bed. Excessive release makes work difficult and puts additional stress on the plane motor.
Sharpening electric planer knives
Sharpening the knives of an electric planer is carried out similarly to a mechanical one. The main sharpening difference between an electric planer and a mechanical planer is the number of knives. There are two of them here.
Knife sharpening Guys, you know what...
In an electric planer, knives should be changed strictly in pairs, using one set. This will help avoid the appearance of imbalance. And it will not only spoil the quality of planing of the workpiece, but can also damage the power tool.
Planing with an electric planer
A separate condition for correct and safe planing of any structures with electric planers is the rigid fixation of the workpiece being processed.
Attention: an electric planer is a rather dangerous tool (risk of injury to fingers), so always remember safety precautions.
Only after the workpiece being processed is clearly fixed, you can begin to plan it. First you should start with rough processing. For this, sherhebel is often used. When using scherhebel, movements should be directed not along, but across the fibers. Otherwise, you may cut off too much wood.
Attention: if, during planing with Sherhebel, there are curls on a wooden workpiece that aggravate the planing, then you should not put too much pressure on them. Otherwise, the wood may break off in these places and this workpiece will not be suitable for further use.
Subtleties of working with an electric planer
After finishing processing the surface of small workpieces with Sherhebel, it should be cleaned first with a single, then with a double plane. If you are dealing with long workpieces, such as bars, then it is better to use a jointer or semi-jointer. Movement on the surface must be directed not against the grain, but along it. This is the only way you can get the most even and smooth surface of the wood.
Planing Caution: When using a long plane, both hands must be used. Place your palms on the handle of the tool and press both edges firmly against the surface of the workpiece.
Planes - even a board, even a beam
When planing the ends of a beam or board, make several movements with an electric planer from the edge of the end to the center, and also from the opposite edge. This will help avoid the occurrence of flakes and spalls.
In progress no need to put in a lot of effort. The plane should move smoothly along the grain of the wood.
During breaks from planing, the plane should be set with the blades facing up.
Make several movements with an electric planer on the surface to be treated. On the second and third movements on the surface, turn off the electric planer each time, come back and turn it off again.
Attention: To prevent sawdust and shavings from clogging the plane blade, use special bags to collect the shavings.
An electric planer can be used for chamfering a part. Based on the width of the required chamfer, a plane is drawn along the edge of the workpiece being processed. required quantity once.
Included with electric planer
When installing a separate side stop(it is usually supplied included), can be produced folding. The stop, fixing the tool at a certain distance, should touch the workpiece.
Electric planers went on sale in the middle of the last century. And since then there have been no fundamental changes in their design. It remains an indispensable tool for carpenters and DIYers to this day. Its main function is wood processing and rebate selection. This article will talk about how to plan with an electric planer.
- labor productivity increases significantly;
- the quality of the result improves;
- no significant effort is required, which allows you to process a large number of material.
When working with a simple plane, you have to make swinging back-and-forth movements, which quickly exhaust you. The operating principle of an electric planer is based on the rotational movement of the blades, which move independently, without human effort.
Today on construction market There is a huge assortment of electric planers and it’s easy to get confused in choosing what exactly you need. They can be both household and professional, it all depends on how intensively they will be used.
Electric planer design
The cost of the plane will depend on its main working part - the drum with knives. The number of blades can vary from 1 to 4, but most often they are produced with two blades. It is their quantity and the speed at which the drum rotates that determines the productive power of the instrument, and, accordingly, the price. For home use It is enough to choose a plane whose blade rotation frequency is within 10 thousand/min.
Besides important element, the electric planer consists of:
- the body itself with a handle;
- pipe for draining or collecting chips;
- start button with soft start system;
- Electrical engine;
- base of the body - sole;
- closed drive;
- regulator to limit the depth of chip selection.
Tip: more expensive models often have special system, which automatically controls the drum speed depending on the load applied.
The difference between household electric planers and professional ones
This division is quite arbitrary, since for working at home it is best to buy a high-quality plane. But their cost is so high that few can afford to purchase it for single jobs.
- It is best to choose a household electric planer from the average price category. This will ensure that you purchase a good and functional device for short-term use. It is also worth paying attention to the weight, which should be in the range from 3 to 4 kg and the power of the electric motor - at least 1000 W.
- Advice: when choosing an electric planer, its data sheet indicates two powers. The first is maximum, and the second is effective. For processing hardwood or big amount knots, the second value should not be less than 400 W.
- The next thing that plays a role when choosing a tool is the engine speed of the electric planer. For housework or private construction, a value of 10,000 rpm will be sufficient.
- If you need to buy a more powerful one professional tool, then its power should not be lower than 1.5 kW. Moreover, the weight of such a plane will be almost 10 kg.
- Another parameter is adjusting the planing depth. Household appliance You can set it up to 3 mm, and professional ones can plan to a depth of 4 mm. The adjustment step is also important, which varies from 0.1 to 0.25 mm. The more provisions, the best quality you can achieve it with work.
Advice: sometimes manufacturers are cunning and provide deliberately false information. You need to know that the possible depth of planing directly depends on the power of the electric planer. Thus, a tool with a low power of up to 1000 W and a weight of 3-4 kg cannot be buried by 4 mm.
- A distinctive feature of the electric planer professional level is the presence of a function to support the number of revolutions during processing difficult areas. In cheaper household models it's almost impossible to find her.
- It is very convenient when the kit includes a stand that allows you to permanently mount the electric planer with the blades facing up. All expensive models are equipped with it, in household options occurs infrequently.
Average price for an electric planer for home use is 5-8t.r.
Choosing an electric planer for work
Appearance
- To allow repair and maintenance, the housing must be dismountable. Typically, it consists of a removable cover for the belt drive and a main part that covers the motor and soleplate.
- The tool should fit well in your hands and be balanced in weight. When taking an electric planer, you should pay attention to how convenient it is to press the start button with the same hand that holds the tool. It is better to refuse a model that has to be turned on with the other hand, as this will quickly lead to fatigue during operation.
- There should be a groove on the sole of the plane. Its functions are to remove air during operation and to process chamfers. Even if there is no need to frequently process chamfers, air removal greatly facilitates the work, eliminating the formation of an air cushion.
- The planing depth regulator can be rotary or made in the form of a button. This does not matter; it will be equally convenient to use.
- The pipe used to drain chips must be equipped with a collection bag and be able to rotate in a convenient direction.
Technical indicators
- Electric motor power. It can be from 600 to 2000 W. The more powerful the tool, the more electricity it consumes, the heavier it weighs and the more expensive it is. All this is justified only for active use.
- Speed. Manufacturers indicate this value at idle speed. So, if the indicated figure is 12,000 rpm, when working with medium-hard wood, the actual rpm will be approximately 8,000.
- Planing width. The width of the sole also depends on the power of the electric planer. There is no need to buy one that is too narrow, otherwise it will be inconvenient to work with wide surfaces. It is optimal to take a tool with a working surface of 90-100 mm and a power of 1000 - 1200 W.
- Planing depth. This has already been written above, but it is worth adding one nuance. It is very rare when homework a depth of even 3 mm is required, so it is enough to choose a model with a possible recess of up to 2 mm.
How to work with an electric planer
- An electric planer is a rather serious tool and working with it requires concentration and increased attention. Therefore, having just bought it, you should not immediately start working; first, it is recommended to study the operating instructions for the electric planer.
- This tool can be used to perform primary processing of wood, removing knots, wane and other rough irregularities. And do finishing touches to perfect smooth surface. The desired effect achieved by adjusting the blades. So, for the initial work, the knives must be set more strongly, and for the final work, on the contrary, the distance between the sole and the knives must be reduced.
- Before you start working with an electric planer, you need to try to get your hands on rough material, in case of failure, you won’t mind ruining it. This will allow you to sufficiently feel the tool and understand and configure the electric planer.
- In the wrong hands, an electric planer can leave scratches instead of a smooth surface. This can be corrected by adjusting the protrusion of the blades; this is done using a hexagon. After several adjustments, the tool will be ready for the main work.
Tip: when adjusting the knives, you need to make sure that they do not touch the body.
- Having started work, wooden product lay it down so that it does not move. It is advisable to secure it with something. Ultimately, this will greatly affect the quality of processing. Inattention to this moment can lead to injuries to the master. The knives rotate at high speed and, upon reaching a knot, can catch for a moment and throw the board out of its position.
- Planing begins from the edge of the board, gradually moving towards the opposite end. The instrument is held firmly with both hands. With one hand they hold the main handle with the start button, and with the second handle they help to correct the direction.
- Every time before using an electric planer, you need to check that the blades do not come into contact with the wood being processed. Otherwise it will lead to injury.
- To create a smooth surface, you need to know how to plane correctly. The sole of the instrument is positioned strictly parallel to the board. This can only be achieved by equal force exerted by the hands on both handles of the plane. In addition, work must be carried out with the same movements and at the same speed throughout the entire surface being treated.
Working with an electric planer video
- If the electric planer has a support-stand, then working with it will be significantly different. In this case, it performs the function of a machine while being in a stationary position. The master needs to move the board itself, applying the necessary pressure on it. With this method of work, it is important to securely fasten the support itself to the tabletop using the fasteners that come with the kit. It is convenient to work in this way with an assistant, who should also be warned about the peculiarities of using the tool.
Instructions for disassembling the electric planer
If the tool was purchased new, you cannot disassemble it yourself until the warranty expires, otherwise it will be void. For household electric planers, this period, as a rule, does not exceed 2 years. In case of any breakdown during this period, you should contact the warranty center, which is located in every city.
It’s another matter when the instrument is no longer new or was purchased in “used” condition. To simplify the task of possible repairs, need to study internal structure electric planer.
Regardless of the model, each plane consists of:
- electric motor;
- shaft with knives;
- planing depth regulator;
- plastic case;
- Belting;
- sole.
The operating principle of this power tool, of course, depends on the motor. When receiving an electrical impulse, the motor redirects rotation to the cutter. The transmission of torque itself occurs through a belt.
The sole of the electric planer is not monolithic, but consists of two parts. Thanks to the movable front part, it becomes possible to adjust the blades, while the rear part remains stationary.
Variety of knives for electric planer
Knives are consumables, which become dull or break over time. Therefore, periodically you have to buy them again. There are two main types of knives - carbide and high-speed blades.
- High speed blades. They belong to the reusable category, as they can be sharpened repeatedly. Which makes them more economically profitable. But their alloy does not allow working with hard rocks wood such as oak or larch.
- Carbide blades. They last longer than their high-speed counterparts, wear out more slowly and are ideal for hardwood. But their main disadvantage is that they cannot be sharpened again. In addition, in case of accidental contact with metal object, for example, if a nail goes unnoticed in the material, there is a high probability that the blade will break. Manufacturers offer a double-sided version of such knives; when one side becomes dull, it can be turned over with the other sharp side.
How to set up an electric planer
- As with repair work With any electrical appliance, the plane must first be de-energized.
- As a rule, replacing knives is required after long-term use, which means that a lot of resin has accumulated on its working surface. You can clean it with white spirit.
- Next, check that the knives are installed correctly. To do this, apply a metal ruler to the edge of the sole and check whether it touches the ends of the blades. If not, then they need to be adjusted first.
- Next, use the special key that came with the tool to slightly loosen the knives on the drum. In this case, the cutting part of the knives must be strictly parallel to the sole and protrude no more than 0.5 mm. But a rounded knife is set twice as large, from 1 mm or more.
Living in an apartment, you may not need a tool such as an electric planer. It's another matter if there is Vacation home, cottage or even your own workshop, in this case it is simply necessary. Thanks to this article you can do correct solution in choise the desired model electric planer for private use.
The electric planer is the perfect tool when you need to level the surface of the boards along the grain. Planing of wood is carried out using rotating cuts, which are powered by an electric motor. At the same time, the front ski periodically rises and falls, thus regulating the cutting cutter, which penetrates the wood.
Before you start working with an electric planer, you need to know that the board must be secured to the workbench with maximum strength.
Then you need to move the tool along the surface, you should not press it, you just need to move it in the given direction.
When working with such a tool, you need to take into account that it should move only in the direction of fiber growth. In this case, shavings and sawdust should not get under the skis; this must be monitored very carefully, otherwise the consequences can be very negative. Before the second and third approaches, the electric planer must be turned off, after which it returns to the starting position. Then you need to give the tool a little rest, and only after that the work process resumes. When the break begins, the instrument should be placed on its side, or you can put it with its skis up. When working with such a tool, it is very important to comply with all necessary measures
precautions. Particular attention should be paid to the preliminary check of serviceability electrical wiring
. During a break, the tool must be unplugged from the network; during operation, it must be handled with the utmost care. It must be remembered that careless use of such a tool can cause the most negative consequences.
It must be taken into account that the surface processed with an electric planer does not always turn out to be perfectly smooth and even. This situation can arise for various reasons:
- Cutting cutters are not sharpened properly (this is the main reason for poor quality work).
- The cutting cutters may be positioned unevenly or incorrectly in the groove relative to the level of the skis.
After the working process comes to an end, the cutters must be carefully removed from the grooves, then cleaned with kerosene, after which everything is neatly placed in the box. The product must be secured on a table or in a vice, then you need to make sure that the plane moves easily. It should be taken into account that when you turn it on for the first time, the electric planer twitches strongly and gains momentum. After the rotation becomes maximum, the tool must be smoothly brought towards the product and try to hold it in the initial position
The tool is guided only forward; no distortions or turns are allowed. It must be taken into account that the thinner the product being processed, the faster it needs to be passed over it. You should not use excessive force for this, as everything may become stuck. Once the straight line is completed, the motor should be stopped, after which the electric planer is moved to a new position. Then you can start working again.
Even when the tool is turned off, its cutting parts must be handled very carefully.
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