It is difficult to find a production or household where they do not use various gases. At production sites, gases are used for cutting and welding metals. In this article, we will consider one of the characteristics of a gas cylinder - volume.
In everyday life, it is used for cooking and heating homes.
For the storage and transportation of gases, containers are used that are made of metal or composite.
Tank for storage and transportation of technical gas is a cylinder certain form and volume, in which a hole for installing a valve is made in the upper part.
The delivery set of gas tanks includes:
- valve;
- prefabricated body, consisting of a shell, upper and lower bottom. For the manufacture of vessels, high-quality steels or composite materials are used;
- shoe - a support designed so that the container can be installed in a vertical position;
- A protective cap is an element of the cylinder design that protects the valve from damage during transportation and operation.
Sometimes a gearbox may be included in the package. So, they call the device that regulates the pressure.
The gas from the cylinder exits through the valve. This device consists of a body made of metal, a valve, a control wheel. The body is made in the form of a tee. One part is designed to install it in a container. The other is for fixing the control valve stem and the side is for installing the plug.
The gate valve includes a stem and a valve. It is the valve that controls the movement of gas through the valve. The stem is used to transmit torque from the control handwheel to the valve.
In fact, the balloon resembles an ordinary lighter. Inside the container there is gas in two states of aggregation. Liquid is at the bottom and gas is at the top.
In order to know what gas in the cylinders they are painted in different colors and put the name of the technical gas. For example, oxygen cylinders are painted blue and labeled "OXYGEN".
Metal and composite gas cylinders
On the territory of our country there are several GOST regulating specifications to gas tanks. In particular, GOST 949-73 regulates the standards for steel vessels with a volume of 0.4 to 50 liters and working with a pressure of 9.8 to 19.6 MPa.
Metal cylinders are rightfully considered the optimal solution for the problem of storage and transportation. technical gases. For the production of cylinders, low-carbon or alloyed steel alloys are used. Cylinders are produced with a volume of 5 to 50 liters and a weight of 4 to 22 kg. Tanks with a volume of 50 liters must be installed outdoors in a metal box specially made for this purpose. Containers with a smaller volume can be installed indoors, for example, in a garage or repair shop.
In addition to cylinders made of steel, composite products are used for gas storage and transportation.
They have the following advantages:
- Light weight, the difference between cylinders of the same volume can reach 70%.
- Increased impact resistance. Explosion-proof, even under the influence of open fire.
- The design of the composite cylinder is made in such a way that gas leakage is practically impossible.
- The polymeric materials used in the manufacture of the cylinder exclude the occurrence of corrosion and the formation of sparks.
- Composite vessels have an interesting appearance.
For the manufacture of cylinders of this type, fiberglass and epoxy resins are used.
It should be noted that over time the vessel may change its color, but this does not affect its operational properties.
To provide safe operation polymer vessels, the following measures are taken:
- Installation of an overpressure relief valve.
- Installation of a melting insert.
As the temperature rises, the gas begins to increase in volume and, as a result, its excess is formed. They create extra pressure on the vessel. Designed to eliminate excess pressure safety valve. It opens when a certain pressure level is reached.
Under the influence of elevated temperature, in the same way there is an increase in pressure inside the vessel, in this case the fusible insert is triggered. The insert will melt and form a hole through which excess gas escapes. But, after the fusible link is triggered, the container must be disposed of.
Containers of various sizes made from composite materials, designed to operate at temperatures from -40 to +60 degrees.
The design, volume and marking of gas vessels is regulated by GOST 15860-84 (steel cylinders), GOST R 55559-2013 (composite vessels).
Specifications
The technical parameters of the vessel for storage and transportation of certain volumes of gas are indicated in the technical passport. In particular, it should reflect the following data:
- Serial number assigned to the vessel at the factory;
- Actual volume in liters;
- The actual mass of the empty vessel in kilograms;
- Working and test pressure in atmospheres;
- Date of issue and next re-examination;
- The cipher is the brand of the manufacturer or the certified laboratory where the re-certification was performed.
One of the most widely used gases is probably propane. It is used both in industry and at home. Both steel and composite vessels are used to deliver this gas. The industry produces steel vessels with a volume of 5, 12, 27, 50 liters. Tanks with propane are painted red, the inscription "PROPANE" is made on the side surface, while the height of the letters must be at least 60 mm.
The weight of a metal cylinder with a minimum volume of 5 liters is 4 kg.
Vessels have the following dimensions from 200 to 299 mm, with a height of 290 to 930 mm.
The volume of the composite gas cylinder for propane ranges from 0.5 to 150 liters with a working pressure of 2 MPa. At the same time, the cylinders used for automotive HBO operate under pressure up to 30 MPa. The volume of such a gas cylinder is from 47 to 180 liters. The diameter of such cylinders is from 326 to 398 mm, the length is from 840 to 2000 mm. The dimensions of the cylinders depend on the volume of the vessel.
There are certain relationships between the volume of the cylinder and its weight. So, in a cylinder of 50 liters, 21.2 kg can be stored, and in a five-liter vessel there is 2 kg of gas.
When operating containers with compressed gas, it is necessary to observe certain rules security.
In particular, you must not:
- Gas leaks through joints and threaded connections and the formation of an explosive mixture with air.
- Thermal effects on containers, which can lead to an increase in gas volume and pressure inside the cylinder.
- Mechanical impacts of the impact type, which can damage the walls of the container.
Safety regulations require that containers be transported with protective caps installed on them.
Vessels with gas can be transported from place to place in a horizontal or vertical position. But at the same time, it is necessary to provide protection against spontaneous movement of containers inside the body.
It is unacceptable to throw gas containers to hit them on hard objects.
It is unacceptable to store a gas tank in a residential area. Ideally, the gas vessel should be stored in a free-standing iron box.
Storage of gas cylinders in production
Buildings for storing tanks with technical gas at the production site should not be higher than one floor and at the same time should not have an attic. Such structures must be made of non-combustible materials. Windows and doors should be equipped with matte or uniformly painted White color glasses. This is necessary to diffuse direct sunlight.
Premises where gas containers are stored must be equipped with permanent ventilation. Storage rules gas cylinders require that in a warehouse where gases are stored, it is necessary to constantly check the air quality for the presence of impurities. When a dangerous concentration of gases in the air is reached, the room must be checked, and the gas containers must be removed from the warehouse.
During the operation of cylinders it is unacceptable:
- Use cylinders with an expired test period, there are no installation marks on their surface, the valve or body is damaged.
- Self-repair or painting of cylinders and fittings installed on them.
- Warm up the gearbox using an open flame. This operation can only be performed using hot water.
- Work near cylinders in oiled clothing, etc.
Is it possible to determine the remaining liquefied gas in a propane-butane cylinder by pressure
Unfortunately no. The fact is that the pressure in the cylinder determines the vapor above the liquid, and it has a constant value regardless of the volume of the latter.
In order to determine the remaining gas in the cylinder, it must be weighed.
The safety rules that must be studied before connecting the gas cylinder to the stove are set out in SNiP 42-01-2002. Before connecting the container to the gas stove, several preparatory operations must be performed.
The entire connection process must take place with a thorough inspection of each detail:
- Inspect all the details that are involved in the connection. On them, especially on the ground threaded connections there must be no dirt or corrosion.
- Be especially careful to inspect the hose. In general, when connecting, it is advisable to use a special sleeve purchased for this. In addition to the fact that it must be of a strictly defined length, there should be no cracks or other defects on its surface. In addition, when assembling, it is unacceptable to twist it.
The gas cylinder is connected to the stove in the following order:
- Install the gas stove in a predetermined place. The container is located either in another room or at a distance of at least one meter from the stove body.
- The container must be installed on a level place; to increase the stability of the cylinder, it is advisable to install a rail fence for it.
- Before connecting the hose to the stove, you need to prepare a fum tape. Wind it on the thread and attach the hose to the inlet to the stove.
- Before connecting the plate to the cylinder, it is necessary to install a reducer on it. In the people this device is called "frog".
- Connection gas stove to the balloon is performed using a sleeve.
All connections must be made tight.
After the system is assembled, it is necessary to check the build quality. The easiest way is to use soap suds. That is, soap suds must be applied to the joints, and when bubbles appear, it is necessary to disassemble the connection and assemble it again.
Features of the behavior of gas cylinders in the fire
If the container with gas enters the fire, it heats up. As a result, the liquid in the cylinder boils and leads to an increase in pressure. In addition, the heating of the cylinder occurs unevenly and this weakens its strength. All this leads to a rupture of the cylinder body.
By the way, the following can be attributed to the peculiarities of the behavior of gas cylinders in the source of fire - if a container with a volume of 50 liters enters the source of fire, then depressurization and an explosion will occur after 3.5 minutes. In this case, the fragments can scatter over a distance of up to 200 meters.
Service life of gas cylinders
In GOST 15860, the service life of gas cylinders with a working pressure of 1.6 MPa is defined as 40 years, while it must undergo re-examination.
Meanwhile, there is a concept - an operational period, in no case should it be confused with a warranty period. As a rule, it is 20 years.
Manufacturers set operating periods on the basis of Order No. 485, which recommends setting such a period of 20 years.
Offers of LLC "Leader-gaz" for filling gas cylinders:
1) Delivery of filled gas cylinders to the place of the buyer. In this case, the buyer must first send an application and pay for his order. Delivery is made when the number of filled cylinders is not less than five pieces.
2) Refueling of gas cylinders on the territory of Lider-gaz LLC. AT this case the buyer independently transports gas cylinders and coordinates the time of filling the cylinders.
3) Exchange of filled cylinders in specialized cylinder exchange points. In this case, the buyer gives away his empty cylinders and receives filled cylinders in return. Addresses of exchange points: Yekaterinburg, st. Mostovaya 17 A. and the Village of Gorny Shield, the market "Kolkhozny Dvor". In the event that the buyer's gas cylinders have a malfunction or an expired examination period, he will need to pay for the services for the examination of gas cylinders.
Refueling of domestic gas cylinders.
Can the balloon be filled with gas stations?
Are you wondering where you can fill the gas cylinder? Is it possible to refuel gas cylinders at car gas stations, because car gas cylinders are filled there?
A multi-valve is installed on the car gas cylinder. The multivalve stops the gas supply to the cylinder when the filling level reaches 85%. Thanks to the multi-valve, there is no excess pressure in the car gas cylinder. Household gas cylinders are not equipped with protective multi-valves, so they need to be filled only at specialized weighing machines.
Why is it dangerous overpressure gas in a bottle? Because the gas has a high expansion coefficient, and when heated, it can inflate high pressure in a cylinder, technically exceeding allowable norms. An example would be the following information. If a charged propane gas cylinder of 50 liters is exposed to open fire, the excess pressure ruptures the cylinder, and it flies more than 250 meters. In order not to make a destructive rocket out of a cylinder, do not charge it at gas stations! Cylinders must be filled at the weighing plant to the level of 85%.
Gas stations dispense liquid gas in liters rather than kilograms, which makes it difficult to understand how much gas is actually filled into the tank. Meters at gas stations have an error, because they break very often, so this error is adjusted not in favor of the buyer.
To check how much gas is left in the cylinder, you can use the usual household scales. The information below will help you calculate the amount of gas in the cylinder.
Frequently asked questions about gas cylinders: How many liters of propane are in 1 kg? Propane tank weight? how much does 1 liter of propane weigh? how many kg of gas in a 50 liter bottle? Where can I fill up a propane tank?
How many kilograms liquefied gas can be filled into a cylinder, how much gas is in the cylinder:
In a propane tank 50 liters up to 23 kg. Strip, recommend 20 kg.
In a propane cylinder 27 liters up to 12.5 kg. Strip, recommend 10 kg.
In a propane tank 12 liters up to 5.5 kg. Strip, recommend 5kg.
In a propane tank 5 liters up to 2.3 kg. Strip, recommend 2 kg.
How much does an empty (empty) gas cylinder weigh:
A 50 liter propane tank weighs 22 kg. Net weight
In a propane tank, 27 liters weighs 14.5 kg. Net weight
A 12 liter propane tank weighs 6 kg. Net weight
A 5 liter propane tank weighs 4 kg. Net weight
What to do if the cylinder runs out of gas?
The pressure in a 50 l gas cylinder is 1.6 MPa
When the cylinder runs out of gas, the pressure in it becomes equal to atmospheric. To prevent air from getting into it, you need to turn off the tap, screw on the plug, cap and take it to the gas cylinder exchange point. Having paid money for filling the cylinder, you get a new filled gas cylinder and confidence in its reliability and safety.
How is a professional filling of gas cylinders carried out?
An empty gas cylinder is weighed, visual measuring control is carried out, degassing is carried out (that is, non-evaporable gas residues are drained). The operator records the tare weight and cylinder number according to the passport data. The cylinder is installed on the weighing filling platform for filling, then the filling data is recorded in a log.
Why is it best to fill a gas cylinder at Lider-gaz LLC?
1) The company "Leader-gaz" works seven days a week, so you can fill the gas cylinder on Saturday and Sunday;
2) The gas cylinder exchange point is located on the Kolkhozny Dvor market, so several tasks can be solved here at once. This is to exchange the gas cylinder and buy a new gearbox, gas meter, buy gas equipment for your car, look at building materials, rent electrical equipment or buy something for the garden; In Yekaterinburg, there is also a point for the exchange of cylinders of Lider-gaz LLC, it is located at 17 A Mostovaya Street (near the Patra plant). Please note that the address is determined incorrectly by the navigator. On the navigator, indicate the address Bridge 19!
3) Leader-gaz LLC is not only a trading company, but also a manufacturing company. The company provides installation and repair services gas equipment, installation gas heating, installation of gas equipment on a car, autonomous gasification of a house. Working with Leader-gas LLC, you can get a full range of gas services by contacting one organization, while saving your time.
4) High quality. The main activity of the company "Leader-gaz" is the filling of gas cylinders. Published: 02/12/2018 09:26
The weight of a gas cylinder depends on several parameters:
- volume (of domestic containers, gas cylinders of 50l and a cylinder of 27l are most common),
- the material from which the container is made (a metal gas cylinder will weigh more than a polymer-composite cylinder),
- percentage of propane and butane in the gas mixture.
An empty propane cylinder (often abbreviated as liquefied hydrocarbon gas - propane-butane mixture) with a volume of 50 l, made of metal, weighs 22 kg (a 27 l metal cylinder has a mass of 14.5 kg.)
The weight of the filled cylinder depends on the percentage concentration of gases in the mixture, as well as on the temperature of these gases. It is worth remembering that the maximum filling level of the cylinder is no more than 85% of its volume. This norm must be observed, since propane-butane, being in a liquid state in a tank, has two stages - liquid, in which most of gas, and gaseous. The liquid, evaporating, turns into a gas state and occupies a larger volume, but is still inside the filled gas cylinder.
Thus, the gas exerts more pressure on the walls of the vessel, which, in the case of an overfilled propane tank, can lead to an explosion.
That is, a 50l propane gas cylinder can hold no more than 50 * 0.85 \u003d 42.5l of gas (a 27l cylinder - no more than 22.95l).
Now let's deal with the weight of the container. The weight of a propane tank is the weight of the propane tank itself plus the weight of the gas inside it. The mass of gas is calculated by the formula - volume of gas * density of gas. The density of the contents of a 50l gas cylinder is not constant, and depends on two parameters:
- percentage of propane and butane,
- temperature of the gas mixture.
Below is a table of the density of a propane-butane mixture, depending on the air temperature (measured in ° C) and the percentage of a pair of two gases in the resulting liquefied mixture.
Density table g a per.
The top line shows the ambient temperature (in °C), the left column shows the percentage of propane-butane (i.e., "90/10" means that the mixture contains 90% propane and 10% butane). At the intersection of the ratio and temperature values is the density of the mixture.
Calculation for a 50l propane tank:
The summer mixture most often contains 50% of both gases, that is, at a temperature of 15 ° C, we multiply the volume of gas in a propane tank by 0.543. The mass of a propane tank is:
m= 22kg + 42.5l * 0.543kg/l = 45.078kg
Calculation for a cylinder 27l:
The winter mixture is 90% propane and 10% butane. At a temperature of -10 ° C, we multiply the volume of gas in the container (for a 27l cylinder - this is 22.95l) by 0.548.
m= 14.5kg + 22.95l * 0.548kg/l = 27.077kg
Friends, if you have a need for gas cylinders for work or heating your home, our company will always be happy to help you with the delivery and refueling of gas cylinders. And today everyone was happy to help you. Subscribe to our articles and you will always know the answers to your questions...
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