Among all the variety of roof structures, a multi-gable roof is the most complex, labor-intensive and economically unprofitable. However, these shortcomings are more than compensated by the unique appearance with many tongs, gables and grooves.
The construction of this structure without fail implies a process of long and careful design, during which a multi-gable roof and its truss system are built, the dimensions of all structural elements are calculated. Let's consider this process in more detail.
In this article
Advantages and disadvantages
A multi-gable roof is one of the most controversial roof structures, as its pros and cons balance each other out and the final decision in favor of building such a roof is usually made based on the personal aesthetic preferences of the owner of the house.
Consider the main advantages that a multi-gable roof provides:
- Traditionally, such a roof was erected on square houses in such a way as to avoid cornice overhangs. But the use of this roof is possible and even necessary in the case when the shape of the house is complex due to the many rooms attached to it. It can completely transform the appearance of such a far from ideal building;
- The truss system of a multi-gable roof is characterized by increased strength and stability, of course, if a competent calculation and installation of the structure is made;
- The construction of such a roof allows you to use the room under the roof for a residential attic and, thanks to the possibility of displaying various windows on different sides, provide excellent daylight.
Let's move on to the design flaws:
- This type of roof can not boast of efficiency. The device of the truss system is complex and involves a large amount of waste wood and materials from the roofing pie;
- Due to the large number of junctions of slopes, such a roof is at risk for leaks.
Design and types
It is based on such an element as a gable - this is a triangular part of the wall, which, unlike the pediment, is not separated by a cornice. That is, a simple form of a multi-gable roof is the connection of two gable roofs at right angles over a square building. When viewed from above, such a structure will have a cruciform appearance. 
Depending on the building itself, its shape, dimensions and the desire to create living rooms under the roof, the design can differ significantly from the classical form described above. A set of roofing elements will remain common. Among them, special attention should be paid to two:
- Endova, which represents the inner corner between two slopes. The valley must be especially well insulated and strengthened, since it accumulates the largest amount of snow and debris, and the maximum amount of water flows down it during rains.
- Roof ribs represent the outer corners of the junction of the slopes, for example, the ridge and the junction of several slopes at the top of the roof.
The types of multi-gable roofs are so diverse that they do not lend themselves to any systematization. The number of elements involved in the construction of this roof allows you to give free rein to your imagination and use almost all known roof structures as elements.
Calculation of the truss system
The rafter system of a complex multi-gable roof and its scheme should ideally be carried out by professionals, since this implies a rather complicated calculation and installation with many pitfalls. But if you have initial experience in building roofs and you are not planning a roof that is too fanciful, then it is quite possible to make a drawing of such a roof on your own. 
It is impossible to give an exact algorithm for calculating a multi-gable roof, since the type of construction itself implies large differences in the rafter system, depending on the appearance of the roof. Here are the main points that are important to pay attention to when designing:
- It is necessary to carry out a plan-scheme of the desired roof, displaying the exact dimensions of the building. At this stage, it is necessary to determine such interrelated parameters as the slope of the slopes and the height of the roof. The angle of inclination of the slopes of such a roof is usually steep. Otherwise, it will be problematic to use the under-roof space to create a living room;
- The rafter system should be built on the basis of a number of data, including the snow load of the region and the weight of the roofing. Multi-gable designs produce a large amount of waste, so we recommend that you look at soft tiles;
- The type of truss system depends on the presence of support inside the building. It is important to carefully calculate the location and load on all supporting elements, such as tightening, stops, runs, etc., so as not to miscalculate with their dimensions;
- Depending on the configuration of the roof, different types of rafters will be used: regular or diagonal (for hip structures).
General view of the truss system and roofing pie
The rafters and roofing cake of a multi-gable roof, in principle, repeat the main points of these structures for other types of roofs. Therefore, we dwell on important points that must be taken into account even at the stage of planning the roof:
- Mauerlat is subject to heavy loads and it is advisable for him to choose a bar with a section of 150 * 150 mm. It is more convenient to mount it on anchors laid in the walls during their construction;
- Rafters can be attached to the Mauerlat in three main ways: washed down, staples or corners. In the upper part, the connection of the rafters is made with a ridge beam;
- The reinforcing elements for the rafters in different solutions of multi-gable roofs will be different elements. In the case of a base in the form of a hip roof, diagonal rafters will be mounted, which must be made double and strengthened with sprigs. Strengthening roof trusses is possible with struts or crossbars. In a large building, it is convenient to use ceiling beams for tightening truss trusses;
- The installation of the valley requires special attention. In these places, a continuous crate is made and two layers of waterproofing are laid. A valley plank is mounted on the waterproofing layer. If the element requires docking, then the installation is done from the bottom up so that the upper bar overlaps the lower one and water cannot flow under it;
- The device of the lathing and insulation of this roof in general terms repeats these steps for any other roof.
Summing up
A multi-gable roof is a technically complex structure, for the competent construction of which accurate calculation and knowledge of the installation nuances are especially important.
Such roofs look great both on square or rectangular buildings, allowing them to acquire a more interesting appearance, and on houses of complex shape, when it is the only possible option for arranging the roof.
It is important to remember that any complication of the roof structure does not have the best effect on the cost and strength of the roof. Any element of the roof should, first of all, be of practical use, and not be erected for the sake of taste.
The article will tell about the varieties and arrangement of gable and multi-gable roofs. You will learn about design differences, advantages, disadvantages, as well as calculation features and installation steps for multi-gable roofs, which is carried out in a certain order.
Basic Design Principles
A multi-gable roof is a system of rafters with slopes that are interconnected. The name spitz or pediment is used, but only if the site is separated from the wall of the building. If the wall has several gables or gables, then it is multi-gabled.
The number of forceps is not limited. But most often, designs consist of two, three or four systems. The purpose of the tongs varies.
The installation process itself is complex and costly due to the design features, the amount of materials required.
Multi-gable roofs are a common choice for those homeowners who can afford to build a building that looks like a castle. But over time, it became possible to use simpler structures for the construction of tongs in budget country houses.
Construction and arrangement of gable roofs
The upper part of the building, which is limited by two slopes, is called a gable. The complexity of the design directly depends on the number of slopes crossed.
gable
A gable roof is the most popular option in the construction of residential buildings. Its advantages are in the following points:
several options connection angle diagrams;
under the roof there may be an exploited attic or a residential attic;
duration service life directly depends on the materials used;
ease of installation, repair, reconstruction;
tilt angle, thanks to which rainwater and melted snow are effectively discharged.
The supporting frame of a gable roof is built from rafters or roof trusses. The first is used in most residential buildings.
The second - during the construction of a building with a large area, where a high operational load will be noted.
Rafters in a gable roof are hanging or layered. The former do not direct the load on the supporting structure due to the lack of support. The second type of rafters has a support - a run mounted on vertical racks.
Hanging rafters are used to create a usable attic or attic. Layered - to enhance the strength of the structure when heavy roofing material is used, or significant snow loads are expected.
A truss truss is a structure that uses straight members and hinged joints to avoid bending loads. The truss allows you to reduce the weight of the frame, increase spans and reduce material costs. Sometimes the structure is assembled on the ground, after which it rises up. This improves the build quality and speeds up the installation process.
hipped roof
A four-slope roof appears as a result of the intersection of gable structures.
On our website you can find the most . In the filters, you can set the desired direction, the presence of gas, water, electricity and other communications.
Because of this additional structural element, two simple systems form the technological complexity of a multi-gable roof. Difficulties arise in the calculations and installation of parts for a multi-gable roof. If the inner corner has defects, then this can lead to leaks and a violation of the integrity of the coating.
Other types of gable roofs
Multi-gable roofs make it possible to combine different types of structures. In this case, all crossed slopes can have dormer windows.
The gable roof is the best option when constructing one-story buildings with a large floor area.
If the building is made in the form of the letter "P", "G", "T", then in this case only a multi-gable roof can be used. Hip slopes are an effective option for getting rid of gables.
Pros and cons of multi-gable roofs
Benefits:
external view;
possibility use in complex projects;
duration operational period;
can be used in houses from any materials;
does not accumulate snow;
space under the roof can be rationally used;
diversity architectural solutions;
effective drainage.
The pitched roof has the following limitations:
drainage system should be branched;
high material consumption;
high price due to the need to use additional elements in large quantities;
can only be used some from roofing;
competent an approach for design and installation.
How are the dimensions of a multi-gable roof calculated?
The complexity of the calculation process will depend entirely on the individual elements of the project.
Specialists lay out the entire project into simple figures to facilitate the calculation.
How is the calculation carried out
The calculation uses a three-gable roof. The calculation starts from determining the height of the ridge, which depends on the width of the building or extension and the angle of the slope. If the problem is solved with another unknown, then first determine the slope angle of the ramps.
When determining the length of the slanting rafter leg, there are some features.
The red line is the hypotenuse, and the blue (the length of the rafters of the main building) and green (1/2 the width of the extension) are the legs. The calculations are carried out using the Pythagorean theorem.
Calculation of the length of the sloping valley rafter leg
To determine the length of the sprues, a calculator for calculating hip roof sprigs is used. The calculation procedure in both cases is identical, only the direction of installation of the sprigs changes.
If the rafters additionally perform the functions of a cornice overhang, then the leg length increases. To do this, use a calculator for calculating the elongation of rafters to form a cornice overhang. In some cases, experts resort to the use of extension fillies, but for them it is also necessary to calculate the required length.
Next, the section of the rafters is determined, which completely depends on the loads imposed on the roof. For the correct calculation of the section, additional elements of the support of the rafter legs are placed. An appropriate calculator is used: calculation of a certain unloading on the legs.
To acquire the correct amount of required materials, the area of \u200b\u200bthe roof is calculated. The total area includes:
couple rectangular slopes without taking into account the triangle layered with rafters along the valley line;
couple trapezoidal stingrays.
The main types of connecting nodes
A large number of different types of multi-gable roofs does not allow defining a single system for installation. Connection methods can be simple or complex.
The beginning of the construction of the multi-gable roof truss system begins with the laying and fixing of the Mauerlat to the concrete base. There are 3 types of mounts:
used embedded hairpin threaded. The distance between the studs is approximately 70-80 cm. Holes are drilled in the beam for further fastening 1-2 mm larger in diameter than the studs themselves.
steel smooth wire. The method is divided into two possible options. The first one is laid across the beam, which eliminates the need to drill holes. The beam is attracted by the wire to the concrete. The second - the segments are mounted along the wall, and the ends go above the formwork. To do this, you will need to drill holes so that the ends can be passed through the timber and twisted.
Using staples. There are several bracket configurations on the market. Models differ from each other in the fastener. Some are attached to the sides or wall through prepared anchors or holes. This method of fastening is the most popular when installing a beam on a wall.
Regardless of the chosen method of mounting the Mauerlat, care must be taken to waterproof the cut-off between concrete and wood. For this, bituminous mastic is used, which processes the surface, and then several layers of roofing material are laid.
Several connection methods are used in the case of attaching an attic floor beam to a Mauerlat.
Using fortified corners connecting the bars to each other with the help of self-tapping screws.
In the traditional way - cutting. To do this, a groove ½ of the thickness is cut out in the Mauerlat, and a spike of shape and size identical to the groove is cut out on the floor beam. The spike is installed in the hole, an additional hammer is used for knocking. In some designs, additional fastening with the help of corners is used.
Using floors in the design of the overhang, they are cut into the Mauerlat, grooves are created in the details with a depth of ½ timber. For additional fixation, metal corners are used.
Fastening the beams on the Mauerlat with steel staples driven into the beam and into the timber.
When attaching a beam to a rafter leg, one of several methods is used:
Fixation of the rafter leg is carried out using staples, the length is set within 25 - 35 cm.
The simplest method of fastening is fixing with corners. To ensure the most snug fit, grooves for the corners are cut in the rafters.
Gable roof manufacturing
The manufacture of the roof is based on a structure consisting of rafters. The rafters themselves are made of wood or a profile pipe. But the stages of work will be largely similar:
Withdrawal sizes.
Definition the correct length and section of the beam.
Unfold valley, stops, skates.
Installation Mauerlat.
Installation rafters from a beam.
Installation battens, waterproofing layer, insulation and roofing.
The choice of slope slope is selected depending on the climatic conditions of the region and the wishes of the customer. In some cases, a right angle of inclination is selected.
Frame installation
Installation work of the truss system is carried out in accordance with the algorithm:
Creation waterproofing layer the top of the walls with mastic, roofing material.
Mauerlat mount.
Mauerlat markup. It is necessary to mark the points of attachment of the timber to the ceiling. Between the bars there should be a distance of about 60 cm for filling with insulation.
Over the floor beams must be made draft flooring for which inch boards are used. This is necessary to facilitate movement at roof level.
Installation of central racks.
Installation of a ridge beam on racks.
Frame fixation at using two triangular segments.
Installation rafters for valley formation.
Installing others rafter legs.
Installing elements for hardening designs.
At the end of the work, the protruding ends of the rafters are trimmed.
Video description
In the video you can see the device of the roof:
Conclusion
The construction of a multi-gable roof is a complex process that requires not only knowledge, but also skills. Therefore, the construction should be done by professionals. Financial and labor costs directly depend on the number of tongs, the type and features of the project - an accurate estimate can only be obtained after preliminary calculations have been made.
When erecting a roof, it is very important to carefully approach such an issue as the installation of a truss system. This design will form the frame of the entire roof. When creating it, you should carefully calculate everything and carry out all the work with high quality. The easiest option is this. Almost anyone can do it. But this option does not suit everyone. Therefore, many choose more complex designs, one of which is a multi-gable roof. And what truss system is used in this case? How to calculate and mount it correctly? This will be discussed in the article.
General concepts
The truss system of a multi-gable roof is a rather complex structure. To perform its calculation and installation, you need to have some experience. But before talking about it, you should get acquainted with the very concept of a multi-tweezer design. What is this roof option? Why is she called that?
This design is a multi-pitched roof. Its most important difference is the presence of tongs or gable elements with a ridge. It is from them that the whole structure took its name. Each of the tongs rests on one side of the truss system of the main roof. The other end forms a pediment.
The device of the truss system of a multi-gable roof has its advantages, namely:
- This design has high bearing capacity and strength.
- The truss system of a multi-gable roof is calculated based on increased loads. This feature allows the structure to easily withstand even hurricane winds and large layers of snow.
- The slopes of such roofs are made quite steep. This prevents debris from accumulating on them. This means that maintenance of the roof is greatly facilitated. In addition, such a roof, if properly erected, does not require repair for a long time.
- Thanks to the highly located ridge, a lot of free space is formed under the multi-gable roof. This allows you to freely create additional living rooms on the attic floor.
- Another advantage is that such a design can be used even if the house has a complex geometry.
But do not forget about the difficulties. The rafter system of a multi-gable roof is a complex structure. If you do not have sufficient experience in construction and carpentry work, then it is better to entrust its construction to specialists. 
Basic structural elements
As mentioned earlier, the truss system of a multi-gable roof is several gable structures connected together. Therefore, the basic principles will also be similar. In our case, both hanging and layered rafter systems can be used. As a rule, the main structure has a large width. Therefore, it is used here. They use in extensions, everything will depend on the width of the building and the presence of an axial load-bearing wall. 
In addition, the multi-gable roof truss system incorporates the following main elements:
- slopes. Their number in a multi-gable roof can differ significantly from the traditional design. At the same time, the sizes, shape and steepness of unpaired slopes can also vary;
- skate. There will also be several of these elements;
- ribs - these elements are located at the junction of the slopes. Moreover, they can only be in those multi-gable roofs where hips are used;
- valley. Not one multi-gable roof can do without this element. This element is located at the inner corners where two slopes converge. Endova needs to pay special attention. This is where snow can accumulate in winter. Therefore, in such places a large load is experienced and leaks most often occur, it is useful to read:.
Of course, other elements may be present. For example, pediments. They close the ends of the tongs themselves. At the same time, gables can also finish the main roof, if it is not cable-stayed, it is useful to read:. 
Making calculations
The rafter system of a multi-gable roof is a complex structure. Therefore, it is impossible to do without preliminary drawing up its scheme. But first of all, you should make all the basic calculations. Before drawing up a plan for the future rafter system of a multi-gable roof, the following basic parameters should be clarified:
- Skate height. To do this, use indicators such as the width of the house or extension (depending on which building is being calculated) and the angle of inclination of the slope. Very often, reverse calculations are carried out. Initially, the desired height of the house is determined, and then the slope angle of the slope is calculated. It should be noted that the width of the main house and the extension will be different. And this means that the angle of inclination of the rafter system of a multi-gable roof for each building will be different. This is the difficulty of such a device.
- Next, you should find out the length of the main rafters. This parameter is easy to calculate from the Pythagorean formula. In this case, for the main building and the extension will be different.
- You should also calculate the length of the valley. This is where the rafters will be located. The Pythagorean theorem will also be used here. The valley will be the hypotenuse. The triangle itself consists of the length of the rafters of the main building and half the width of the extension.
- Between the ridge and the rafters are sprigs. Their length should also be found using the Pythagorean theorem. The rafters will be shortened rafters.
The total area of the roof is also calculated. It will be the sum of the areas of all the slopes of the multi-gable roof. This value is necessary to calculate how much roofing material you need during installation, read the additional material:. 
Load
The rafters of a multi-gable roof, like the entire system, must withstand all external influences. Therefore, even before the calculation of all the main parameters, the load should be calculated. Experts distinguish between two types of it, namely:
- permanent. This group includes the load on the truss system of multi-gable and other types of roofs, caused by the weight of the materials used. It also includes the mass of all equipment installed on the roof;
- variable load. This group includes influences from external factors. The rafter system is affected by the weight of the snow cover, which will linger on the roof. In addition, the wind also has an effect.
Knowing what angle of inclination of the slopes will be on your roof, you can calculate the variable loads. By adding to them the mass of all materials used in the construction of the roof, you can determine the total impact that the entire structure must withstand, it is recommended to read:.
Knowing all the loads, you can determine the cross section of the rafters. The greater the load, the thicker the main elements of the system should be. In addition, after such calculations, and or step is determined. Also, if necessary (for example, if the rafter legs are too long), specify the location of additional supporting elements. After all this, a drawing is drawn up. 
To perform all these calculations correctly, especially to draw up a diagram of the future truss system of a multi-gable roof, is a difficult task. It is better to entrust it to specialists. Or you can use special programs. With their help, by specifying all the necessary data, you can not only calculate all the parameters, but also draw up a plan for the location of all components of the multi-gable roof truss system.
The installation of a multi-gable roof truss system is not much different from a traditional gable roof system. All work is carried out in the following sequence:
- The first thing is done. In the case of a multi-gable roof, this work must be done not only on all external load-bearing walls, but also on internal ones. The latter would be more correct to be called lying down.
- Next, you should install the ridge run. Most often, a multi-gable roof over the main building is installed in a layered way. Therefore, you cannot do without a ridge run. Above the extension, a hanging truss system is most often used. In this case, the ridge run is not used.
- After that, the installation of the extreme truss pairs of the main building is carried out. To make it convenient to assemble structures, it is better to lay boards in the form of a subfloor on the beams of the attic floor. This will be useful, because the rafter pairs themselves are assembled directly on the roof.
- The next step will be to fix the rafters or valleys in their place. Its upper part should be located on the ridge run of the main building in the place where the ridge of the extension rafter system will approach it. The lower end is mounted on the Mauerlat where the extension walls meet the load-bearing walls of the main building.
- After that, the rest of the elements are attached. First of all, rafter pairs of a multi-gable roof are mounted above the main building. Next, they move on to the structure above the extension. Moreover, if the main rafters are attached to the Mauerlat, then the sprigs are mounted to the valley.
- During installation, it is very important that all the rafters of one side of the building are in the same plane.
- Further, if necessary, carry out the installation of additional supporting elements. It can be props, racks and so on.
- After that, end, frontal, strapping boards are fixed. Make an overhang and fasten the crate. Next, you can start laying the roofing material. If a dwelling is to be equipped under a multi-gable roof, then a vapor barrier, a heat-insulating layer and waterproofing should be additionally installed.
Roofs are, as you know, flat and pitched. Pitched - architecturally more expressive and, in addition to the protective function, they also have a decorative function. The number, shape and size of the slopes depend entirely on the personal preferences of the owner and the designer's intent, taking into account, of course, climatic conditions and operating requirements.
Design features: pros and cons
Multi-gable roof - the design is quite complicated. It is distinguished by the presence of numerous intersections of slopes, at which valleys are formed, the so-called formed internal corners. The valley is considered the most unreliable element. Indeed, the maximum amount of water flows through them, despite the fact that their slope is significantly less than that of the slopes. Snow accumulates there, increasing the load on the roof. Therefore, the valley can be considered the “weak” point of such structures. So, this roof is not only complicated in its structure, but it is also not easy to follow it.
At the junctions of the roof slopes, ribs are also formed, but, unlike the valleys, they form an external corner.
A vivid illustration of them is, for example, the place where two slopes in a quadrangular roof are connected.
The shape of the structure during the construction of this type is either polygonal, the scheme of which is presented below, or square. It can be installed in houses with a complex layout or in attics, for which it is necessary to provide special additional side lighting. For extensions of such buildings, different heights are characteristic.
However, neither this nor the significant cost, because the complexity of the geometric shape of the structure leads to an increased consumption of material, does not become an obstacle for those who seek to complete their building with an interesting and original accent.
A multi-gable roof, the drawing of which for many may seem no less complicated, nevertheless, can be erected independently, but subject to strict adherence to the requirements of construction technology
Multi-gable can combine under a single roof structure a number of roofs that differ in their type and purpose. The complexity of its device lies in the large number of ribs, valleys, grooves. Its spire is more of an artistic character, and it is often used to install towers and domed roofs, emphasizing the architectural style. One of the most popular today are two-level coatings and half-hip roofs.
Rafter device
The basis of the roof structure is the truss system. Most often, it combines diagonal and hanging rafters directed to the corners of the walls. The complexity of such structures lies in the fact that all slopes do not rely on Mauerlats, as usual, but on diagonal legs. That is, the bearing capacity of the structure depends not only on the calculation of the sections of the system elements, but also on the implementation of the connection nodes and the installation of stiffeners.
The main node is considered to be the joint at one point of the ridges of the same level of different sections of the roof. The ridge beams are connected at a right angle, but, in addition, each of these angles also includes slanting legs, which are the main support for almost all rafters. The strength of this node is increased by installing puffs.
Slanted rafters are longer than conventional ones, so they are made paired. This technology simultaneously solves several problems:
- a rafter with a double section is able to withstand an increased load;
- rallying the boards makes it possible to obtain a continuous beam of greater length;
- when connecting, the standard size of the parts used is unified.
It turns out that it is practically possible to use the same boards for diagonal devices as for ordinary ones - and the use of boards of equal height for any type of rafters simplifies the constructive solution of roof nodes. In addition, semi-legs or joists are supported on them, thanks to which the layered supports are able to carry a load that is about one and a half times more than the maximum load for ordinary rafters.
The leaning of the sprigs on the diagonal leg is performed in two ways:
- top surface support. A cut is made in the rafters in such a way that half of their section - the upper one - is above the diagonal leg, and the lower one rests on the side surface.
- Support on the side. The main thing in this case is how well the supporting parts fit. The lower rafter can be more firmly connected to the diagonal leg beam by nailing an additional support boss from the trim.
The bottom of the sloping supports, usually for landing on a truss, a beam of timber, thrown along intersecting external walls at an angle, a surf or run console, is cut into the horizon and fastened with nails.
But the diagonal supports located in the valley cannot be supported with a trussed truss.
A truss truss is a truss structure with two struts installed.
The fact is that the valley forms the inner corner of the walls, so they must be supported with racks or, in extreme cases, with struts.
By the way, the installation of roofing in the case of a multi-gable roof begins with the installation of valleys, which are formed at the intersection of mutually perpendicular planes. At the same time, the technology for the execution of this unit depends entirely on the material used as the main one for the roof.
- 1 Features
- 4 Installation of the valley
- 6 Videos
- 7 photos
- 8 Schemes
- initially;
Peculiarities
Scheme of the truss system
Designations of the main structural elements
Roof device
Ribs
forceps
Mauerlat
rafters
crate
Installation of the truss frame
Roof truss system
Sheathing, insulation and roof installation
Video
Multi-gable roof
Beautiful multi-gable roof
From metal tiles
For a country house
Simple design
Complex design
Scheme
Multi-gable roof drawing
Wireframe creation
Roof structure
The main nodes of the structure
Multi-gable roof and its features
Multi-gable roof- this is a type of pitched roof, the design of which consists of several or many tongs (gable elements with skates), along the edges of the overhangs forming gables in the structure.
Multi-gable roofs are a complex structure, the distinguishing feature of which is the presence of gable elements intersecting or cutting into the main slope, forming numerical valleys on the roof.
Design features
Among roofs with straight planes of slopes, multi-gable roofs are complex types of roofs with numerous crossed slopes and internal angles between their joints. It is being built on buildings that are distinguished by a complex layout of various geometric shapes, multi-level attics and attic spaces.
A multi-gable roof is considered a complex structure. The complexity of the design is explained by the presence in such roofs of a large number of valleys and gables, the installation of which causes specific difficulties and additional costs.
The arrangement of the valley requires especially close attention, because it is through them that streams of rain and melt water will flow in the future. Also in these places there is the greatest accumulation of snow, and therefore they must have a significant bearing capacity and tightness. The professional formation of the valley, the main vulnerable element of the roofing, ensures reliable removal of melt and rain water from the roof.
Structural elements
In multi-gable roofs, the following structural elements are always and necessarily present:
- gables and gable overhangs;
- valleys formed when pairing forceps;
- roof ridge.
Scheme of the truss system of a simple multi-gable roof:
Varieties of multi-gable roofs
The shape of a multi-gable roof can be very diverse and limited only by the imagination of the developer or designer. The number of tongs (gable elements with a ridge) in the roof can be from two to an unlimited number. Roof slopes can be in the form of triangles and trapezoids.
As a coating for multi-gable roofs, any roofing materials can be used, but provided that the roof frame (rafter system) is properly designed, capable of withstanding all the loads on the roof during its operation.
Advantages and disadvantages of multi-gable roofs
The multi-gable roof structure has certain advantageous characteristics. These include:
- original, unique, elegant roof shapes;
- ideal combination with buildings of any architectural form;
- balanced truss system;
- the possibility of arranging a spacious attic and a significant increase in its usable area;
- no risk of stagnant rain and melt water due to the large slope of the roof surface and the presence of grooves;
- reliability, strength, durability of the structure;
- compliance of the cost of a multi-gable roof with operational and aesthetic characteristics.
The list of shortcomings of this type of roof includes: the level of complexity of installation, the presence of a large number of valleys that complicate the process of arranging, maintaining and maintaining the roof, as well as a high consumption of building materials. The installation of a multi-gable roof is a labor-intensive construction work, for which it is necessary to seek the help of professional specialists. Roof installation takes longer.
%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8F%20%D0%BD%D0%B0%20%D1%81%D0 %B5%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%91%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5%20%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1 %81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8%20%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0 %B9%20%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0 %BE%D0%B9%20%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%8B,%20%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1% 82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9,%20%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0 %B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9,%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD% D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9%20%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4% 20%D0%B8%20%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0% B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5%20%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0% B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%20%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0% BE%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%86%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%20%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D1% 88%D0%B8%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%20%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1% 81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B8% D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%82%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%20%D0% B8%20%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%20%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B0% D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B2%20%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD% D0%BE%D0%B9%20%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE% D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8.
%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%B8 %20%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B6%20%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0 %B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9%20%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1 %8B%20%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%86%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0 %BE%D0%B9%20%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%B8
%0A%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%20%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8 %D0%B8%20%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%B8%20%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%20 %D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE%20%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5 %D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B8%20%D0 %BA%20%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%20%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE %D1%81%D1%83,%20%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BA%20%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B6% 20%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9%20%D1% 81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B.%20%D0%AD%D1%82%D0%B0%20%D0%BA%D0%BE %D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B4 %D0%B5%D1%82%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0 %D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%20%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%B5%D0 %B9%20%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8.%20%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%20%D0%B5% D0%B5%20%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8%20%D1%81%D0%BB%D0% B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B5%D1%82% 20%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%B5%20%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1% 8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%20%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1% 8C%20%D0%B8%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%20%D0%B2%D1% 81%D0%B5%20%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8B%20%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5% D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE.%20%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%B9 %20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9%20%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0 %B0%D0%BD%D1%82%20%E2%80%93%20%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BE%20%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE %D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5 %D0%BC%D0%B0%20%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE %D0%B9%20%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%B8.%20%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB% D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%B5%D0%B5%20%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1% 82%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%20% D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B9.%20%D0%9D%D0%BE%20%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0 %B9%20%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D 0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%20%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0% D0%B5%D1%82%20%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%20%D0%BD%D0%B5%20%D0%B2% D1%81%D0%B5%D1%85.%20%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%20%D0%BC%D0 %BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B5%20%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1 %82%20%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B5%20%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8B %D0%B5%20%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8 ,%20%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9%20%D0%B8%D0%B7%20%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0% BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%85%20%D0%B8%20%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81% D1%8F%20%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%86%D0%BE%D0%B2% D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%B0. %20%D0%90%20%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF %D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC %D0%B0%20%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81 %D1%8F%20%D0%B2%20%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%20%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0 %D0%B5?%20%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BA%20%D0%B5%D0%B5%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0% B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%20%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%82%D0% B0%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%B8%20%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE% D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C?%20%D0%9E%D0%B1%20%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%20%D0%B8 %20%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%82%20%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0 %B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%20%D0%B2%20%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B5.
General concepts
The truss system of a multi-gable roof is a rather complex structure. To perform its calculation and installation, you need to have some experience. But before talking about it, you should get acquainted with the very concept of a multi-tweezer design. What is this roof option? Why is she called that?
This design is a multi-pitched roof. Its most important difference is the presence of tongs or gable elements with a ridge. It is from them that the whole structure took its name. Each of the tongs rests on one side of the truss system of the main roof. The other end forms a pediment.
The device of the truss system of a multi-gable roof has its advantages, namely:
- This design has high bearing capacity and strength.
- The truss system of a multi-gable roof is calculated based on increased loads. This feature allows the structure to easily withstand even hurricane winds and large layers of snow.
- The slopes of such roofs are made quite steep. This prevents debris from accumulating on them. This means that maintenance of the roof is greatly facilitated. In addition, such a roof, if properly erected, does not require repair for a long time.
- Thanks to the highly located ridge, a lot of free space is formed under the multi-gable roof. This allows you to freely create additional living rooms on the attic floor.
- Another advantage is that such a design can be used even if the house has a complex geometry.
But do not forget about the difficulties. The rafter system of a multi-gable roof is a complex structure. If you do not have sufficient experience in construction and carpentry work, then it is better to entrust its construction to specialists.
Basic structural elements
As mentioned earlier, the truss system of a multi-gable roof is several gable structures connected together. Therefore, the basic principles will also be similar. In our case, both hanging and layered rafter systems can be used. As a rule, the main structure has a large width. Therefore, a layered truss system is used here. Hanging structures are used in extensions, everything will depend on the width of the building and the presence of an axial load-bearing wall. 
In addition, the multi-gable roof truss system incorporates the following main elements:
- slopes. Their number in a multi-gable roof can differ significantly from the traditional design. At the same time, the sizes, shape and steepness of unpaired slopes can also vary;
- skate. There will also be several of these elements;
- ribs - these elements are located at the junction of the slopes. Moreover, they can only be in those multi-gable roofs where hips are used;
- valley. Not one multi-gable roof can do without this element. This element is located at the inner corners where two slopes converge. Endova needs to pay special attention. This is where snow can accumulate in winter. Therefore, in such places a large load is experienced and leaks most often occur, it is useful to read: a valley on a metal tile.
Of course, other elements may be present. For example, pediments. They close the ends of the tongs themselves. At the same time, the pediments can also finish the main roof, if it is not cable-stayed, it is useful to read: the pediment is made of corrugated board. 
Making calculations
The rafter system of a multi-gable roof is a complex structure. Therefore, it is impossible to do without preliminary drawing up its scheme. But first of all, you should make all the basic calculations. Before drawing up a plan for the future rafter system of a multi-gable roof, the following basic parameters should be clarified:
- Skate height. To do this, use indicators such as the width of the house or extension (depending on which building is being calculated) and the angle of inclination of the slope. Very often, reverse calculations are carried out. Initially, the desired height of the house is determined, and then the slope angle of the slope is calculated. It should be noted that the width of the main house and the extension will be different. And this means that the angle of inclination of the rafter system of a multi-gable roof for each building will be different. This is the difficulty of such a device.
- Next, you should find out the length of the main rafters. This parameter is easy to calculate from the Pythagorean formula. In this case, the length of the rafters for the main building and the extension will be different.
- You should also calculate the length of the valley. This is where the rafters will be located. The Pythagorean theorem will also be used here. The valley will be the hypotenuse. The triangle itself consists of the length of the rafters of the main building and half the width of the extension.
- Between the ridge and the rafters are sprigs. Their length should also be found using the Pythagorean theorem. The rafters will be shortened rafters.
The total area of the roof is also calculated. It will be the sum of the areas of all the slopes of the multi-gable roof. This value is necessary to calculate how much roofing material you need during installation, read the additional material: calculation of the truss system.
Load
The rafters of a multi-gable roof, like the entire system, must withstand all external influences. Therefore, even before the calculation of all the main parameters, the load should be calculated. Experts distinguish between two types of it, namely:
- permanent. This group includes the load on the truss system of multi-gable and other types of roofs, caused by the weight of the materials used. It also includes the mass of all equipment installed on the roof;
- variable load. This group includes influences from external factors. The rafter system is affected by the weight of the snow cover, which will linger on the roof. In addition, the wind also has an effect.
Knowing what angle of inclination of the slopes will be on your roof, you can calculate the variable loads. By adding to them the mass of all the materials used in the construction of the roof, you can determine the total impact that the entire structure must withstand, it is recommended to read: calculation of the gable roof truss system.
Knowing all the loads, you can determine the cross section of the rafters. The greater the load, the thicker the main elements of the system should be. In addition, after such calculations, the distance between the rafters or step is also determined. Also, if necessary (for example, if the rafter legs are too long), specify the location of additional supporting elements. After all this, a drawing is drawn up. 
To perform all these calculations correctly, especially to draw up a diagram of the future truss system of a multi-gable roof, is a difficult task. It is better to entrust it to specialists. Or you can use special programs. With their help, by specifying all the necessary data, you can not only calculate all the parameters, but also draw up a plan for the location of all components of the multi-gable roof truss system.
The installation of a multi-gable roof truss system is not much different from a traditional gable roof system. All work is carried out in the following sequence:
- The first step is the installation of the Mauerlat. In the case of a multi-gable roof, this work must be done not only on all external load-bearing walls, but also on internal ones. The latter would be more correct to be called lying down.
- Next, you should install the ridge run. Most often, a multi-gable roof over the main building is installed in a layered way. Therefore, you cannot do without a ridge run. Above the extension, a hanging truss system is most often used. In this case, the ridge run is not used. https:="">
Particular attention should be paid to the section of the multi-gable roof, where the valley will be located. The rafter system itself in this place must be reinforced with props. In addition, it is necessary to make a thorough waterproofing and lay the roofing material with high quality. All this is necessary because it is this area that is subjected to the greatest loads, especially in winter.
Do-it-yourself multi-gable roof
- 1 Features
- 4 Installation of the valley
- 6 Videos
- 7 photos
- 8 Schemes
Among the various roof structures, the most complex and attractive is considered to be multi-gable. The peculiarity of its design lies in the large number of complex elements. These include gables, tongs, valleys and ribs. In this article, we will tell you how to build a multi-gable roof with your hands, show drawings and diagrams, photo and video materials.
Most often, a multi-gable roof is made in several cases:
- initially;
- in the process of building extensions;
- for mounting side lighting in the attic;
- in buildings with a complex layout and many rooms.
Peculiarities
Scheme of the truss systemA simple gable roof option is a gable roof without gables. In this design, the upper triangular section of the wall is called a gable. There are no simple steps in the process of building a multi-gable roof; all actions, starting with calculations, require knowledge and skills. The device of the roof allows you to place a living space under it. Despite the difficulties, homeowners undertake self-assembly, which saves a significant amount of money. A multi-gable roof will require enormous physical and financial costs, but will delight the creators with the architectural beauty of the building.
- thanks to a balanced rafter system, the roof can easily withstand high loads;
- the roof has an original and attractive appearance;
- the design is reliable and durable;
- there is free space for an additional room or attic;
- snow cover does not linger on steep slopes.
- complex design that requires competent calculations and installation;
- a large amount of waste generated when cutting roofing material, especially metal tiles;
- high load on the valley due to snow;
- the need for high-quality waterproofing of internal joints.
Designations of the main structural elements
Roof deviceThe valley is the place of the internal connection of the slopes, they are one of the key nodes. They have to withstand a significant load from the accumulation of snow, so support from the system of props and struts is performed from below. The waterproofing of the node is of great importance, all the water flowing down the roof passes through the valleys. Any design error will result in a leak.
Ribs- represent the outer corner of the connected slopes. One of the most difficult places in the construction of a multi-gable roof is the intersection of the ridge beam, to which the valley adjoins. The ridge is one of the ribs of the roof.
forceps- a section of the wall bounded by slopes, it turns out in the form of a triangle and is not separated from the wall by a cornice.
Mauerlat- the bearing base of the entire roof, distributing the load on the walls and foundation.
rafters- layered, hanging and diagonal.
crate- a frame made of timber, necessary for fixing roofing material and insulation.
Installation of the truss frame
Roof truss systemThe basis of the multi-gable roof is the Mauerlat. The base element is subjected to a high load, so a bar with a section of 150 × 150 mm is used for it. It is attached to the walls of the building with anchors laid in the process of building the house. The rafters rest on the Mauerlat. Rafters can be layered and hanging. Their choice is determined by design features.
In the case of a hip and semi-hip roof, diagonal rafter legs are installed at the junction of the slopes. These elements account for the main load, so they require reinforcement by sparrows. Such rafters can be made double, connected from two boards 150 × 50 mm. Rafter legs, reinforced with struts and crossbars, form trusses. To ensure an attractive appearance of a multi-gable roof and the necessary rigidity of the structure, all parts of the trusses are made in a template. Novice builders can assemble trusses not with the help of a cut, but by fastening them with overhead metal elements.
After installing the rafters, a crate is stuffed on them, at the junctions of the slopes, where the valleys are arranged, it is solid. The inner corner waterproofing scheme provides for the laying of an additional layer to ensure the reliability of the structure. Waterproofing is laid on the boards and the bottom bar is mounted. If the valley consists of several parts, they are attached from below, the edge of the lower element overlaps with the upper part. The junction of the lower bar and the roofing is insulated. To give the structure a finished look, the upper bar of the valley is installed.
Sheathing, insulation and roof installation
Roofing pie deviceThe last element of the truss system is the crate. It is stuffed onto the rafters with a step depending on the choice of roofing. For a soft roof, it is made solid, for a metal tile - in increments of 25–30 cm. A sheet for waterproofing is laid horizontally on the crate, the overlap of the strips is 10 cm. If insulation is provided, then the material is laid under the waterproofing. When insulating the structure, we must not forget about the ventilation holes. For a multi-gable roof, a light weight coating is recommended so as not to create additional stress on the rafters, for example, when laying metal tiles.
Installation of the roof of the multi-gable roof is completedThere are many options for how to make a multi-gable roof, they differ in design complexity and appearance. This type of roof looks most organic on square and rectangular houses.
Video
Watch a video that details what you need to know to properly design a roof truss system:
Multi-gable roofBeautiful multi-gable roofMulti-gable shingle roofFrom metal tilesMulti-gable roof on a wooden houseFor a country houseMulti-gable roof with atticSimple designComplex designScheme
Multi-gable roof drawingWireframe creationWindow frame on a multi-gable roofRoof structureMulti-gable roof truss systemThe main nodes of the structure
A multi-gable roof, with all the complexity of calculation and installation, is especially popular in our country. Its complex, geometrically perfect appearance evokes persistent associations with wooden architecture: high towers, carved platbands and shutters. Although simple roof shapes are cheaper and more convenient to maintain, well-designed gable roofs offer ample opportunity for original architectural design and use of interior space.
Pros and cons of a multi-gable roof
The advantages of a multi-pitched roof are numerous and obvious:
- the possibility of rational use of the internal volume;
- overlapping of buildings complex in terms of;
- attractive appearance;
- variety of architectural solutions;
- a large angle of inclination allows you to effectively drain water;
- a thick layer of snow does not accumulate;
- equally well suited for houses made of stone and wood.
The multi-gable roof features a wide variety of options
At the same time, the complexity of the design determines its disadvantages:
- the need for competent design, great sensitivity to the correct installation;
- not every type of roofing is suitable;
- high material consumption due to the large area of \u200b\u200bthe slopes;
- the need for an extensive drainage system;
- high cost due to the use of numerous additional elements.
Features of the design and device of a multi-gable roof
Gable is an architectural term for the top of a building bounded by two slopes. The simplest gable roof option is a gable roof. More complex forms of multi-gable structures are formed as a result of intersections of slopes.
Bearing elements of a pitched roof - rafters that transfer weight and operational loads to the walls of the building
Gable roof
Historically, the gable roof is the most popular final construction of individual residential buildings. Her virtues:
- a significant angle of inclination, which allows organizing effective water drainage;
- ease of installation, rational load distribution scheme;
- well-developed schemes of nodes for connecting elements;
- ease of maintenance due to the optimal device;
- service life is limited only by the durability of the roofing;
- ease of repair and reconstruction;
- a significant internal volume allows you to arrange attics and exploited attic spaces;
- the highest ventilation efficiency through the end walls.
The use of a gable roof allows you to arrange terraces and balconies at the ends of the building, as well as provide significant overhangs to protect the walls of the building from precipitation.
The load-bearing frame of a gable roof can be made using two types of load-bearing elements: rafters and roof trusses. The first option is more common, the second is used for large areas of the base of the roof, significant spans and operational loads.
Rafters can be designed:
- Hanging. This means that at the point of connection they do not have a support that transfers the load to the supporting structures of the building.
- Layered. Such rafters have additional support in the form of a run, which, in turn, is mounted on vertical racks.
In order for the rafter system to correctly perceive horizontal rapier loads, the hanging rafters are connected with a puff or a crossbar, and the layered rafters with a scramble
Laminated truss systems are more reliable, designed for heavy roofs and significant snow loads. Hanging rafters are used to organize an attic room or an exploited attic.
Types of gable roof trusses
A truss (from Latin firmus - strong) is a building structure that allows, through the use of straight elements connected by hinge joints, to eliminate bending loads.
The device of trusses reduces the weight of the supporting frame of the roof, increases the allowable spans, and reduces the consumption of materials. In addition, roof trusses can be assembled on the ground and then lifted up, which increases the assembly accuracy and simplifies installation.
Farms are used to cover a large unsupported span
Ready-to-install truss trusses can be ordered from the factory, which guarantees the quality of workmanship and the stability of the geometry. Structures made of premium wood can be successfully used for buildings without a top floor, insulating only the upper roof plane, since the exposed elements of truss trusses are very decorative and popular in loft or rustic styles.
In order to organize an additional floor - an attic - in the internal volume of the roof, it is necessary to use trusses with direct views of the lattice, leaving a gap in the middle of the structure. The angle of inclination of such a roof should be increased accordingly.
For the construction of the attic floor, special attic types of trusses are used.
One of the most common forms of a multi-gable roof is a hipped roof.
Four slopes diversify the architectural design of buildings and increase the under-roof space
This option is formed as a result of the intersection of two gable roofs. The spatial layout of this design includes a valley (groove) - an inner corner.
It is this element of the truss system that is the reason for the technological complexity of a multi-gable roof, complicates the calculation and installation of roofing parts. Providing the main drainage from the roof surface, the valley must be made at a high level, since construction errors can result in leaks and violations of the integrity of the coating.
Simple types of roof truss systems can be implemented with little or no additional metal parts.
A special case of a hipped roof is the variant with dormer windows. In this case, the building can be square or rectangular in plan, only the shape of the roof changes.
Dormer windows help to organize the attic more rationally or improve the lighting and ventilation of the attic.
Other types of multi-gable roofs
In addition to the simplest symmetrical options, multi-gable roofs allow you to combine types, for example, use hip and hip endings, form various types of slope intersections, each of which may include dormer windows.
The non-standard design of the dormer windows and the change in the angle of the slopes form the original architectural forms
Especially often, various combinations of a hip multi-gable roof are used for single-storey buildings of a large area, since the rational organization of space requires a complex angular layout, and drainage from a long roof is easier to organize using valleys.
The angular layout of a one-story building can be the basis for the use of a multi-gable hip roof with dormer windows
Buildings with a plan view of the letter P, G or T can only be designed using a multi-gable roof. Hip slopes are a popular solution, as they allow you to get rid of gables.
A hip multi-gable roof is used for buildings of complex shape with an unused attic
For wooden multi-storey buildings, mansard multi-gable roofs of complex shape with dormer windows are often used.
Multi-pitched roofs with a large angle of inclination allow you to arrange several levels of the attic inside the under-roof space
Multi-gable roof truss system
The main feature of the truss structure of a multi-pitched roof is the internal ribs of the intersection of slopes, valleys. Depending on the angle at which the slopes adjoin each other, the nodes for connecting the elements of the truss structure are designed.
The rafter systems of symmetrical multi-gable roofs are easier to manufacture with layered rafters
The installation of the valley and the adjoining of the rafters to it are not very difficult, provided that modern woodworking tools are used and a preliminary calculation of the roof is used.
Video: installation of a truss structure with a valley
The junctions of the two parts of the roof can in the simplest case be implemented using only wooden elements and precise adjustment of the corners.
In the truss system of a multi-gable roof, to form an internal angle of junction of the slopes, valley rafters and shortened truss beams are used
For more complex roof options that cover large areas and carry significant operational loads, metal corners and plates are used. It is imperative to carry out calculations of the bearing capacity of such structures and develop detailed layout plans for rafters, girders and other load-bearing elements.
A well-executed project of a multi-gable roof is a guarantee of structural strength and a long service life.
The choice of roofing for a multi-gable roof
Since the construction of a multi-gable roof has internal ribs, numerous junctions and intersections of slopes with each other, the roofing must meet the following requirements:
- be easy to install and process, cut without problems at arbitrary angles;
- be completed with a large number of additional elements;
- allow to arrange a complex drainage system;
- be designed for installation on roofs with a large angle of inclination.
Proper roof construction requires the use of a variety of additional elements.
Based on these criteria, we can conclude that slate, ondulin, corrugated board are of little use as a coating for multi-gable roofs. The dimensions of common slate sheets are 0.98x1.5 and 1.13x1.5 m, ondulin - 0.95x2 m, corrugated board 1.15x6 m. Their advantage is a significant coverage area, which is most evident in the roof with a slight slope and simple geometry . In the case of a complex structure with intersections of slopes, there is a need for trimming, and here the advantages turn into a disadvantage: a lot of waste occurs, the fit becomes more complicated. And also these roofing materials are characterized by a large profile height and an increased overlap of sheets, which in some cases makes it impossible to properly install the extensions and drains.
The exception is a simple gable roof, in which there are no internal corners and dormer windows. Of the additional elements, you only need a ridge, a ventilation frame and gutters. Trimming in this case will be minimal, material consumption will not increase.
In the case of a complex multi-pitched roof, preference should be given to piece materials: ceramic, cement-sand and slate tiles. The small size allows you to rationally fill the most complex forms with minimal trimming waste. A large number of additional elements makes it possible to connect and intersect roof elements with reliable waterproofing and drainage.
Ceramic tiles allow the most rational and technologically efficient roofing for complex variants of multi-gable roofs
Metal tiles and soft bituminous tiles can also be considered as roofing material, provided that all technological nuances are observed. For a metal tile, the correct implementation of the valley node is critical. For this are required:
- reinforcement of the lathing at the place of installation of the valley, it is optimal to make it continuous;
- the use of several layers of waterproofing over the crate;
- installation of the inside of the valley;
- sealing the joints of the roofing material with silicone;
- installation of the outer part of the valley.
Bituminous soft tiles require a continuous sheathing of sheet material over the entire area of the roof and under-roof ventilation. In the inner corners, additional waterproofing is necessarily used - a valley carpet.
Features of roofing roofing materials
The complexity of the geometry of multi-gable roofs requires careful fitting and trimming of the roofing material and additional elements for precise connection between them. However, if you have a detailed project, you can mount the roofing with your own hands. Of course, this work requires accuracy, accuracy and adherence to the laying technology recommended by the manufacturer.
The metal tile is mounted using special self-tapping screws coated to protect against corrosion. It is easier to calculate the amount of base material and additional elements in a specialized program, since the complex geometry of the roof requires numerous trimmings.
The layout of sheets of metal tiles on slopes of complex shape generates a significant amount of waste due to trimming
Particular attention should be paid to the correct installation of the valley elements, ridges and junctions with vertical structures, since the reliability of the roof waterproofing depends on this.
Video: installation of a valley as part of a metal roof
For houses with more than two storeys, especially with complex roof geometry, it is highly desirable to install a drainage system from the roof.
Piece ceramic, cement-sand and polymer coatings were originally designed for installation on roofs of complex geometry. They are easy to use due to their small size. Their only drawback is their rather large weight. Therefore, the roof sheathing must be reinforced, and during direct installation it is necessary to evenly distribute the prepared stacks of tiles over the entire surface of the slope so as not to overload the structure.
When installing ceramic tiles, it is important to calculate the required amount of material and prepare it for laying, evenly distributing it over the roof surface.
Laying soft bituminous shingles on a complex roof is the easiest because of its light weight, flexibility and ease of processing. However, it requires mandatory preparation of the roof: the installation of a solid base made of OSB or moisture-resistant plywood, the installation of a lining waterproofing carpet, additionally reinforced at the bends of the slopes (skates and valleys).
Under soft tiles you need to equip a solid base
Options and methods for finishing a multi-gable roof from the inside
Depending on how it is planned to use the under-roof space, the finishing method is chosen.
If the attic is unused or technical, it is enough to simply sheathe it with OSB building board along the bottom surface of the rafters.
The roof of the dwelling must be insulated. To do this, the heat-insulating material is mounted between the rafters using a counter-beam, which is installed perpendicular to the rafters. Sometimes it is installed in parallel, with an offset to the inter-rafter gap. From the side of the room, the insulation is closed with a vapor barrier membrane. And only after it you can mount the front trim. The selected material can be attached to the counter beam or an additional rail or metal profile can be applied.
Installation of the topcoat on the rail allows you to provide an additional ventilation gap for better ventilation of the insulation
For attics or one-story houses without a loft-style attic floor, a truss system partially open from below can be used.
At the same time, the roof is insulated and sewn up, and parts of the wooden roof trusses protruding into the room are covered with decorative impregnation or paint.
Wooden trusses can be used in the interior as an independent decorative element.
A popular type of finish is wood paneling - clapboard, planed board. It is used in interiors of country and rustic styles. Wooden finishing materials are sewn onto the counter-lattice along the rafters, which allows all parts of the roof structure to be well ventilated. Twhich sheathing additionally increases the rigidity of the structure and improves its thermal insulation properties.
Wood cladding accentuates the complex broken roof shapes
Finally, the attic room can be sheathed with magnesite slab or drywall, and then painted in any color. To do this, after installing the insulation and vapor barrier, metal profiles are sewn across the rafters, onto which the selected sheet material is screwed.
Monochromatic light-colored paint visually expands the attic space
Variants of projects of houses with a multi-gable roof
Since there are a huge number of options for combinations of types of roofs as part of a multi-gable roof and the architect's imagination is limited only by the technological subtleties of the selected roofing material and the financial capabilities of the customer, building projects are diverse and numerous.
Photo gallery: projects of buildings with multi-gable roofs
A simple four-pitched roof option is often chosen for one-story L-shaped buildings. 
A multi-gable hip roof can be used for a house with an outbuilding in which a garage or workshop is arranged. 
The large gable roof pitch allows for the design of an attic floor 
In the architectural solutions of country cottages, a multi-pitched roof with partial overhanging of the slopes can be used. 
The number of slope crossings is limited only by the imagination of the architect
It is better to understand what architectural possibilities a multi-pitched roof provides, building projects allow. For example, with the help of a hipped roof, you can arrange a second light in the living room of a one-story house.
The living room of this house has a large ceiling height and glass area.
The building is cruciform in plan, covered verandas are located on the short sides, and the central intersection of the slopes makes the living room twice as high as the rest of the premises and adds light. Private and public areas are rationally separated. The second part of the one-story building is occupied by a garage with technical rooms.
The original architectural solution diversifies the volumetric layout of a one-story cottage
It is convenient to use a multi-pitched roof with a large angle of inclination for the construction of attic rooms. This allows you to save materials due to the absence of an attic floor, as well as create an attractive exterior of the building.
A high multi-gable roof harmoniously looks on T-shaped buildings of a small area
The first floor is larger than the attic in area and is a public area: there is a living room, dining room, kitchen and only one bedroom. The living room has a second light.
The layout of the first floor rationally uses a small area of the house
On the attic floor there are two small bedrooms and another bathroom. The space under the slopes is used for large built-in wardrobes.
Part of the attic floor is occupied by the second light of the living room
A multi-gable roof is a great option for a private developer. It allows you to rationally use the internal volume, has many design options. With proper installation of the frame and roofing, such a roof will last for many years. At the same time, its attractive appearance both from the outside and from the inside makes it possible to develop the exteriors and interiors of buildings with high decorative and operational characteristics.
Loading...