Our company OOO "Skhid-budkonstruktsiya", Ukraine, is engaged in the production of various metal products, traverses for reinforced concrete poles of power lines, metal structures for steel poles of power transmission lines.

Power lines during operation create electric and magnetic fields of industrial frequency in the adjacent space. The distance over which electromagnetic fields propagate from the wires of the line reaches tens of meters. The range of propagation of the electromagnetic field depends on the magnitude of the voltage of the power transmission line (the number indicating the voltage class is in the name of the transmission line - for example, a 220 kV transmission line), the higher the voltage, the larger the zone of an increased level of the electromagnetic field, while the size of the zone does not change during the operation of the transmission line.

The range of propagation of the magnetic field of a power transmission line depends on the magnitude of the flowing current or on the load of the line. Since the load of the power transmission line can change several times both during the day and with the change of the seasons of the year, the dimensions of the zone of an increased level of the electromagnetic field also change.

The impact of power lines on human health

The electromagnetic fields of power lines are very strong factors influencing the state of all biological objects that fall into their zone of influence. For example, in the zone of the greatest effect of the electric field, near high-voltage power transmission towers and power transmission line traverses, insects show changes in behavior: thus, increased aggressiveness, anxiety, decreased efficiency and productivity, and a tendency to lose queens are recorded in bees; in beetles, mosquitoes, butterflies and other flying insects, a change in behavioral responses is observed, including a change in the direction of movement to the side with a lower field level. Plants often have developmental anomalies - the shapes and sizes of flowers, leaves, stems change, extra petals appear.

A specific feature of the operation of power transmission lines is associated with the effect on the environment of a complex of biological factors of an electromagnetic nature, including:

Variable electromagnetic potential on the wire;

Electrical leakage currents;

Electrical grounding currents in the soil;

Corona discharge;

Ionizing radiation;

Beneath the transmission lines, which extend for many hundreds of kilometers, a large land is allocated, called the "right-of-way".

The influence of the electromagnetic field on the human body

The human body is affected by a long stay in the zone of power lines. Short-term exposure for a few minutes can only affect hypersensitive people or those with certain types of allergies. For example, the works of British scientists in the early 90s are well known, which showed that a number of allergy sufferers develop an epileptic-type reaction of the body under the influence of the electromagnetic field of power lines. With a long stay (months - years) of a person in the electromagnetic field of power lines, diseases can develop mainly of the cardiovascular and nervous systems of the human body. In recent years, human oncological diseases have often been named among the long-term consequences.

The electric field of power lines has the greatest impact on a person in shoes that isolate him from the ground. In this case, a potential is induced on a conductive body of a person isolated from the ground, depending on the ratio of the capacitance of the body to the ground and to the wires of the power transmission line. The smaller the capacitance to the ground (the thicker, for example, the sole of a shoe), the greater the induced potential, which can be several kilovolts and even reach 10 kV.

Based on the design features of the power line (wire sagging), the greatest influence of the electromagnetic field on a person is manifested in the middle of the span, where the tension for super- and ultra-high voltage lines at the level of human growth is 5 - 20 kV / m and above, depending on the voltage class and design lines.

At power transmission towers, where the height of the suspension of wires is greatest and the shielding effect of the supports affects, the field strength is the smallest. Since there can be people, animals, vehicles under the power lines, it becomes necessary to assess the possible consequences of long-term and short-term stay of people in the power line zone, in an electric field of various strengths.

In experiments conducted by many researchers, a clear threshold value of the electromagnetic field strength of power lines was found, at which a dramatic change in the reaction of the human body occurs. The value is determined to be 160 kV / m, a lower intensity of the electromagnetic field does not cause any noticeable harm to a person.

The intensity of the electromagnetic field in the areas of the supports of the 750 kV power transmission line at the height of human growth is approximately 5-6 times less than dangerous values. The adverse effect of the electric field of industrial frequency on the body of people serving power transmission towers and substations of outdoor switchgear with a voltage of 500 kV and above has been revealed; at voltages of 380 and 220 kV, this effect is weakly expressed. But at all voltages, the effect of a high-frequency field on the human body depends on the duration of being in it.

Based on the studies carried out, sanitary norms and rules have been developed, which indicate the minimum allowable distances for the location of residential buildings from stationary radiating objects, such as, for example, power transmission towers. These standards also provide for the maximum allowable (limit) levels of electromagnetic radiation for other energy hazardous objects. In some cases, bulky metal screens are used to protect a person, in the form of sheets, nets and other devices.

Sanitary standards for power lines

Studies of the influence of electromagnetic fields of industrial frequency (EMF FC) on a person, carried out in the USSR in the 60-70s, focused mainly on the effect of the electrical component, since no significant effect of the magnetic component was experimentally detected. In the 1970s, stringent standards were put into effect for the population in terms of the EP IF, and at the present time they are one of the most stringent in the world. They are set out in the Sanitary Norms and Rules "Protection of the population from the effects of an electric field created by overhead power lines of alternating current of industrial frequency" No. 2971-84. In accordance with these sanitary standards, all power supply facilities are designed and built.

However, at present, numerous studies by scientists in various countries have shown that weak electromagnetic fields (EMF), whose power is measured in thousandths of watts, are no less dangerous for humans, and in some cases more dangerous than electromagnetic radiation from high power transmission lines. Scientists explain this by the fact that the intensity of weak electromagnetic fields is commensurate with the intensity of the radiation of the human body itself, its internal energy, which is formed as a result of the functioning of all systems and organs, including the cellular level. Such low (non-thermal) intensities characterize the radiation of electronic household appliances that are present in every home today. These are mainly computers, televisions, mobile phones, microwave ovens, etc. They then are sources of harmful to humans, the so-called. technogenic EMR, which have the ability to accumulate in the human body, while violating its bioenergetic balance, and first of all, the so-called. energy information exchange (ENIO). And this, in turn, affects the normal functioning of the main systems of the human body. Numerous studies in the field of the influence of electromagnetic fields on humans have made it possible to determine that electromagnetic fields have the greatest influence on the nervous, immune, endocrine and reproductive systems of the body. EMF irradiation under conditions of long-term long-term exposure to a person can lead to the development of long-term consequences for the body, including degenerative processes in the human central nervous system, blood cancer (leukemia), brain tumors, hormonal diseases, etc.

Today it is not a secret for anyone that the magnetic field is considered the most dangerous for human health, however, the maximum permissible value of the magnetic field for the population in Russia and Ukraine is not standardized. There is only one reason - there is no money for research and development of norms. Most of the routes of power transmission towers in Ukraine were built without taking into account this danger.

On the basis of mass epidemiological surveys of the population living in the conditions of exposure to magnetic fields of power lines as a safe or "normal" level for conditions of prolonged exposure, which does not lead to oncological diseases, independently of each other, Swedish and American experts recommended the value of the magnetic induction flux density of 0.2 - 0.3 μT.

Protecting a person from electromagnetic fields of power lines

The basic principle of protecting human health from the electromagnetic field of power lines is to establish sanitary protection zones for power lines and reduce the electric field strength in residential buildings and in places where people can stay for a long time by using protective screens.

According to the norms, a person's stay without protective equipment in an electric field with a strength of up to 5 kV / m inclusive can be arbitrarily long. For a 500 kV transmission line, a field strength of 5 kV / m is achieved under wires located at a height of less than 15 m from the earth's surface, and a field strength of 10 kV / m - under wires located at a height of less than 8 m.

Under lines in hard-to-reach areas (for example, swamps, mountain slopes), an electric field strength of 20 kV / m is allowed; for uninhabited areas - 15 kV / m, at intersections with roads - 10 kV / m and for populated areas where people can often be under the lines - 5 kV / m. In addition, the allowable tension at the boundaries of residential buildings is normalized - 1.5 kV / m, while a person is allowed to stay throughout his life. It should be noted that the indicated values ​​of the field strength are determined at the level of the human head (1.8 m above the ground).

The boundaries of the sanitary protection zones for power transmission lines of which on operating lines are determined by the criterion of electric field strength - 1 kV / m.

For overhead high-voltage power lines (VL), sanitary protection zones of power lines are installed on both sides of the projection onto the ground of the extreme wires of the VL. These zones determine the minimum distances to the nearest residential, industrial and non-industrial buildings and structures.

Sanitary zones of power lines in accordance with SN No. 2971-84

Voltage
Sanitary size (security) zone	2 m	10 m	15 m	20 m	25 m	30 m	40 m

Additional requirements are imposed on the placement of poles of ultra-high voltage overhead lines (750 and 1150 kV) in terms of the conditions of exposure to an electric field on a person. Thus, the nearest distance from the axis of the designed routes of the 750 and 1150 kV overhead lines to the boundaries of settlements should, as a rule, be at least 250 and 300 m, respectively.

How to determine the voltage of a power transmission line support? It is best to contact the local energy company, but you can try visually, although it is difficult for a non-specialist:

330 kV - 2 wires on power transmission line traverses, 500 kV - 3 wires on power transmission line traverses, 750 kV - 4 wires. Below 330 kV, one wire per phase, it can only be determined approximately by the number of insulators in a garland: 220 kV 10-15 pcs., 110 kV 6-8 pcs., 35 kV 3-5 pcs., 10 kV and below - 1 pc. .

Permissible levels of electric field exposure

remote control, kV/m	Electric field irradiation conditions
0,5	inside residential buildings
1,0	within the residential area
5,0	in a populated area outside the residential area; (lands of cities within city ​​limits within the boundaries of their prospective development for 10 years, suburban and green areas, resorts, lands of urban-type settlements within the settlement lines and rural settlements within the boundaries of these points) as well as on territories of kitchen gardens and gardens;
10,0	at the intersection of overhead power lines with automobile roads 1 - IV categories;
15,0	in uninhabited areas (undeveloped areas, albeit often visited by people, accessible for transport, and agricultural land);
20,0	in remote areas (inaccessible to transport and agricultural machines) and in areas specially fenced off for exclusion of public access.

Within the sanitary protection zone of the overhead line, it is prohibited:

• build residential and public buildings and structures;
• arrange areas for parking and stopping all types of transport;
• to locate car service enterprises and warehouses for oil and oil products;
• carry out operations with fuel, repair machines and mechanisms;
• carry out all kinds of mining, blasting, land reclamation work, plant trees, water crops;
• clutter up the entrances and approaches to the supports of overhead lines;
• arrange sports grounds, stadiums, transport stops, hold any events associated with a large crowd of people.

Carrying out the necessary measures in the security zone of power transmission lines can be carried out only upon receipt of a written permit for the performance of work from the enterprise (organization) in charge of these networks. The use of territories located in the power transmission line zone is regulated by the new Rules for establishing security zones for electric grid facilities and special conditions for the use of land plots located within the boundaries of such zones.

The territories of the sanitary zones of power lines are allowed to be used as agricultural land, but it is recommended to grow crops on them that do not require human manual labor.
In the event that in some areas the electric field strength outside the sanitary protection zone turns out to be higher than the maximum permissible 0.5 kV / m inside the building and above 1 kV / m on the territory of the residential development zone (in places where people can stay), they must steps should be taken to reduce tensions. To do this, almost any metal grid is placed on the roof of a building with a non-metal roof, grounded at least at two points. In buildings with a metal roof, it is enough to ground the roof at at least two points. In household plots or other places where people stay, the power frequency field strength can be reduced by installing protective screens, for example, reinforced concrete, metal fences, cable screens, trees or shrubs at least 2 m high.

With a long stay (long - calculated in months and years) in the electromagnetic field of people, it can lead to very unpleasant pathologies and diseases ...

With a long stay (prolonged - calculated for months and years) in the electromagnetic field of people, it can lead to very unpleasant pathologies and diseases, cause a deterioration in the state of the cardiovascular, endocrine, hematological, nervous, reproductive, immune systems, increases the risk of developing oncological diseases. The field blocks the production of melatonin, which leads to adverse effects.

The WHO Agency for Research on Cancer considers a power frequency magnetic field with a flux density of 0.3-0.4 µT to be a possible carcinogen 2B. It is the third group of carcinogens after group 1 (proven carcinogens) and group 2A (probable carcinogens). Swedish scientists have found that people living up to 800 m from power lines (hereinafter referred to as power lines) with a voltage of 200 kV, more often, according to statistics, have brain tumors, leukemia, breast cancer. Reproductive function worsens in men, miscarriages are more common in women.

To protect the residents of the area from the effects of electromagnetic fields along high-voltage lines (hereinafter referred to as HVL), sanitary protection zones have been developed, installed and are operating, the value of which varies depending on the voltage class.

Fig. 1 Branches from the overhead line to the inputs to the houses

Norms of safe distance from overhead lines

You can take into account the norms according to SanPiN 2971-84:

• for overhead lines with a voltage of 330 kV, the length of the protective zone must be at least 20 m;
• for 500 kV overhead lines, the length of the safe zone must be at least 30 m;
• for 750 kV overhead lines - a critical distance of 40 m;
• for 1150 kV overhead lines - the house should be no closer than 55 m away.

For lower voltage values, the following safety zone values ​​are set:

• 2 m - for lines below 1kV;
• 10 m - 1-20kV;
• 15 m - 35kV;
• 20 m - 110kV;
• 25 m - 150-220kV.

Protective zones are installed on both sides of the line, which is projected onto the ground from the lowest wires. Within this sanitary protection zone, the location of collective and individual summer cottages, as well as buildings and residential structures, is prohibited.

In the capital, the city has its own rules. In addition, the Moscow government is going to transfer part of the overhead line underground.

The farther from the line of the power line is a residential building, the better for the residents. If the land plot is in this zone, it is not withdrawn from the owner and the owner can dispose of it at his own discretion. Encumbrances are imposed on these plots, which are reflected in the documents, but do not interfere with transactions for the lease or purchase and sale of a land plot. These restrictions affect only the ban on capital construction in these zones.

How to determine the voltage class

The voltage class of the power transmission line can be visually determined by the wires in a bundle (in phase):

• 4 wires - 750kV;
• 3 pieces - 500kV;
• 2 pieces - 330kV;
• one wire - less than 330kV.

• 10-15 pieces - 220kV;
• 6-8pcs - 110kV;
• 3-5pcs - 35kV;
• 1 PC. - up to 10kV.

We wrote full information on determining the voltage class in the material: "How to determine the voltage of power lines by appearance or insulators".

Power lines are dangerous not only because of the potential harm to health, especially those with voltages from 110kV to 750kV. It is impossible to exclude the possibility of accidents caused by hurricanes, lightning strikes into poles and simple wire breaks. The safe zone will protect people from these problems as well.

In extreme cases, if the house is under the influence of power lines, it can be protected with special protective screens made of metal tiles and corrugated board. The walls of the house are well protected by a reinforcing mesh in a monolith. It is only necessary to provide that both the roof and the wall are grounded.

M16-Real Estate experts are finally ready to give an unequivocal answer whether it is harmful to live near power lines, a thermal power plant, a TV tower, a railway, a hospital, and even a cemetery!

We dispel myths and tell you which objects that are close to you can really damage your health.

TV tower

The TV tower in the city occupies a "tidbit" - on the Aptekarskaya embankment, near Bolshaya Nevka, in the Petrogradsky district. It is all the more offensive to people who believe that living near a TV tower is dangerous and harmful.

From it and the truth is quite powerful magnetic radiation. That's just the emitters are located high, so that the adjacent quarters of the radiation does not affect.

In Russia, the requirements for the safety of citizens living near TV towers are stricter than in European countries

All over the world, there are sanitary standards that establish the permissible maximum level of electromagnetic exposure to public health. And in Russia such norms are even stricter than in European countries. So you can safely settle near the TV tower and enjoy a nice view from the window.

Top new buildings near the TV tower

Skandi Clubb

The business class complex from the Swedish developer Bonava is located in close proximity to the TV tower. It is good that the residents of the Skandi Clubb residential complex were not afraid of such a neighborhood, because the project is really worthwhile: open terraces, deep balconies / loggias, two-level apartments.

Skandi Clubb residential complex implements the best ideas of Scandinavian development

There is a kindergarten in a cozy yard, where cars cannot pass. There are modern playgrounds for recreation. The parking zone is organized under the complex, access is available only to residents. The complex has been delivered.

"Europe City"

The complex was built opposite the previous project and also boasts proximity to the TV tower. The layouts with 1-3 bedrooms are presented in quality and thought out to the smallest detail. And the windows overlook both the well-groomed courtyards and the panorama of the area with a TV tower and the embankment.

From the residential complex "Europe City" a panorama of the Aptekarskaya embankment and TV tower opens

There is a kindergarten in the courtyard, the first two floors are allocated for a shopping gallery and business class infrastructure. Underground parking has been organized for residents, and guests of the complex will be able to leave their cars in open parking lots.

Botanica

Another spectacular business class complex, which got its name due to its proximity to the Botanical Garden. That is, life here is not only safe, but also environmentally friendly.

Open terraces in the residential complex Botanica overlook the botanical garden and the picturesque surroundings

Yes, and just nice! Moreover, apartments with view terraces and other improved characteristics are available to future residents. The buildings are united by a two-story stylobate, which will house a shopping gallery.

industrial zone

Until recently, St. Petersburg was rich in industrial zones. And the location near the “gray belt”, although not the most enviable, is still attractive: this is the Oktyabrskaya embankment overlooking the Neva, and large-scale sites in the Kalininsky district, next to the Europolis shopping center, and the city center - Admiralteisky, Petrogradsky, Central and Vasileostrovsky districts.

The question of the quality of life in new buildings erected on the site of the former industrial zone is extremely relevant for St. Petersburg residents, because it is precisely through these plots that the city compensates for the lack of land suitable for residential construction. Simply put, large-scale residential complexes are now being built on the site of the former "gray belt".

Experts are in a hurry to reassure all potential buyers of such housing: it is safe to live here. Provided that the developer behaved in good faith and carried out all reclamation work on the site to be built. And this is usually not a problem.

Before starting the implementation of a residential project, the developer carries out reclamation work to improve the local environment

As a rule, before the start of construction, an environmental impact assessment is carried out, the results of which will form the basis for the reclamation plan. In the future, the territory of the complex will be landscaped in order to improve the local ecology.

However, not all industries are toxic. For example, bakeries or weaving factories do not cause environmental damage. Therefore, the construction on the site of these industries does not pose any danger to future residents.

At the same time, such complexes can often cost less than new buildings built on ordinary land. Another plus is a good location: developers are trying to give a "second life" to sites that will be in high demand among buyers. In addition, most of these projects are equipped with their own infrastructure.

The best new buildings that were erected on the site of the former industrial zone

"Civilization"

A large-scale project from LSR Group, which has an excellent location: between Oktyabrskaya Embankment and Dalnevostochny Prospekt, next to the Neva and just a few minutes drive from Prospekt Bolshevikov and Novocherkasskaya metro stations.

LCD "Civilization" will have not only a pleasant view of the Neva, but also its own trade and social cluster

Buyers have access to apartments of classic and European formats, up to 3 separate rooms. A complete renovation has been completed. The first stage has been commissioned, the next one will be completed at the end of 2018. Schools, kindergartens, clinics and even a stadium are being built as part of the complex! There is also a shopping gallery. After commissioning, the complex will become a full-fledged residential area.

"Life-Forest"

A new complex under the LIFE brand from the developer GK Pioneer. It is being built on the site of industrial zones concentrated near the Lesnaya metro station. Includes six residential buildings, a kindergarten and a large commercial area.

Residential complex "Life-Lesnaya" is being built in the inhabited part of the Kalininsky district, next to the metro

Buyers are waiting for a huge range of layouts - from studios to four-room apartments. There are also European layouts. Cleaning finish. The first phase is delivered at the end of the year.

Docklands

Apart-complex on Vasilievsky Island, which is being built next to the existing industrial zone. It is noteworthy that such a neighborhood is extremely beneficial for: the complex is designed in an industrial loft style and the proximity of industrial zones emphasizes the architectural authenticity of the new building. In the future, the place of industrial development will be occupied by business and residential facilities.

Thanks to the loft style, the Docklands residential complex blends harmoniously into the industrial zone of Vasilyevsky Island

The new building includes three residential buildings and a business center. The residential area is being built using advanced technological solutions and the best materials. For buyers, studios, classic and European layouts with 1-4 bedrooms are provided.

Power lines and thermal power plants

Let's start with the combined heat and power plant (CHP). This is indeed a harmful production that pollutes the surrounding area. Emissions contain carcinogens, so living in close proximity to a thermal power plant is really dangerous.

But there is one “but”: all production facilities of this type have sanitary protection zones, within which residential and commercial construction is prohibited. If you open the city map, then make sure that there are no residential buildings near the CHP.

All "life" begins at a safe distance from the object, where even the smallest particles reach. And it's no worse than car exhaust.

Construction of housing near a thermal power plant is prohibited, but options are possible with power lines

With power lines, the situation is ambiguous. The fact is that in Russia the norms of permissible electromagnetic exposure are higher than in other countries. At the same time, there is indeed some harm from electromagnetic fields, but it depends on the magnitude of the current in the wires. Depending on the flux density, the magnetic field can become carcinogenic.

In general, experts believe that if there is an opportunity to settle away from power lines, it is better to use it. If this is not possible, then you should play it safe and contact Rospotrebnadzor. Department specialists will determine the levels of electric and magnetic fields and give their assessment of the safety of life in this location.

Railway

With the railway track, the situation is similar to the CHP - it is really dangerous to live in the immediate vicinity and therefore it is forbidden. According to current regulations, the distance from residential construction to the railway should be at least 100 m. Such a "hundred-meter" is called the exclusion zone.

Although, in order to minimize the negative impact, it is worth settling no closer than 800 meters to the railway track.

The main enemies of life next to the railway are noise, dust and vibrations.

If all the norms and requirements are met, then living near the railway is not dangerous, although not always pleasant. Of the possible negative - noise, dust and vibration. But such new buildings are often located in the central areas of the city.

New buildings located next to the railway

"Royal Capital"

The complex was built next to the Moscow railway station, but at a safe distance from it. And the residents of the buildings overlooking Kremenchugskaya Street do not feel the proximity of the station at all.

LCD "Tsarskaya Stolitsa" is adjacent to the Moscow railway station and the Feodorovsky Cathedral

Handed over in 2016. The last offers with 2-4 rooms remain on sale. The complex houses shops, offices and other commercial establishments.

Quarter "Galaktika"

The project is located next to the Baltic railway station. The distance to the railway is more than 500 meters. The complex is a large-scale development of industrial land, located on the border of the Admiralteisky and Moskovsky districts.

LCD "Galaktika" is being built at a safe distance from the Baltic railway station

Schools and preschool educational institutions, shops and parking lots will appear on the territory. Buyers are offered modern layouts of classic and European formats with 1-3 bedrooms.

Tuberculosis dispensary

There are enough tuberculosis dispensaries in the city, so the question of whether it is dangerous to live near such institutions worries many people. Such dispensaries, for example, are on Studencheskaya Street, Torez Avenue, Sverdlovskaya Embankment and Borovaya Street. And this is not a complete list! At the same time, all dispensaries are adjacent to residential areas.

The territory of TB dispensaries is disinfected, so nothing threatens neighboring houses

Doctors reassure: the necessary sanitary and preventive measures for disinfection are being carried out on the territory of the dispensary. The chance of getting infected here is no higher than in the subway. But still, you should not walk around the territory of the dispensary.

Cemetery

A topic that excites many minds is whether it is possible to live near a cemetery? We don’t know what people are more afraid of - possible mystical incidents or fumes emanating from burials, but experts say that neither the first nor the second is fraught with danger.

The mystical fear of being next to a cemetery is nothing more than a prejudice. Megacities are constantly growing and expanding their borders, while building plots are running out. And on the site of the former cemeteries, entire neighborhoods have already been erected, where, we assure you, life goes on measuredly, calmly and without inexplicable incidents.

Living next to a cemetery can be depressing, but not harmful to health

As for the real, and not the spiritual harm to health, then everything is regulated by the norms of SanPiN. If a crematorium with one furnace operates at the cemetery, then the sanitary protection zone is 500 meters. If the crematorium is designed for two or more furnaces, the distance to the residential area must be at least one kilometer. If there are no crematoria at all, then the minimum distance from residential buildings to the cemetery should not be less than 50 m.

Of the possible disadvantages of such a neighborhood, one can probably single out only the atmosphere of grief that depresses the psyche, but only if the windows overlook the cemetery, and the apartment itself is located on the lower floors. However, if funeral processions do not pass by the windows, then you should not be afraid of such negativity.

New buildings adjacent to cemeteries

"Kaleidoscope"

A comfort class project from LSR Group, built 500 meters from the Theological Cemetery. leased at the end of the year. The last 1-3-room apartments with full finishing remain on sale.

LCD "Kaleidoscope" is being built at a sufficient distance from the Bogoslovsky cemetery

The territory of the complex is closed, all apartments are equipped with intercom. There is a shopping area and landscaped yards.

Valo

The apart-complex from the Finnish company "Lemminkäinen-Rus" is located 450 meters from the Novo-Volkovsky cemetery. Due to the remoteness, surrounding buildings and tall trees, such a neighborhood will not cause discomfort to future residents of the Valo residential complex.

Tall trees and neighboring buildings hide the Novo-Volkovskoye cemetery from the Valo residential complex

The apartments are handed over fully finished and even furnished, which allows them to be purchased for both personal and investment purposes. Layouts - studios and 1-2-room offers. It has its own shopping area with a sports center and a swimming pool.

Do you have any questions? Leave your contact details and our specialists will call you back.

At the end of the last century, attention was paid to the dangerous radiation of power lines. SanPiN standards were developed, in which the minimum safe distance from power lines to a residential building was calculated, depending on the size of the voltage in the network. On the basis of this distance, sanitary zones of power lines under high-voltage power lines were created and the concept of a “burden zone” was introduced - land dangerously close to harmful radiation. The sale of residential buildings and plots for IZHS and SNT in the sanitary zone of power lines is prohibited.

Close to residential buildings

Distance from power lines and magnetic radiation

When passing through the wires, electrons create an electromagnetic field around their carrier. Depending on the type of current, the radiation value is constant or variable. A continuous change in the current value from plus to minus and vice versa causes the field to change its value 2 times more often.

The impact of magnetic radiation adversely affects the physical condition of a person, as well as exposure to radiation.

Research on the effects of electromagnetic radiation on humans and wildlife began in the late 70s. Based on the results of a survey of people in different countries, WHO - the World Health Organization has determined the maximum allowable radiation standards in hertz per unit of time. In the Russian Federation and other countries, regulations have been developed that prohibit industrial and civil construction at a close distance from power lines.

Secured territory

People who have been in a strong field for a long time have been found to have oncological diseases and heart diseases. The women suffered from infertility. Men were pursued by pathologies of the genitourinary system. General weakness appeared. Reduced life expectancy.

Cheap land near the protected zone

Based on the norms of SanPiN, building rules were developed, and sanitary zones were created under high-voltage lines. Children's institutions located in the danger zone must be closed. It is forbidden to build residential buildings for permanent and temporary residence closer than the distance to high-voltage lines in SanPiN 2971-84 is indicated.

It is impossible to sell a house located in a dangerous zone. Sanitary and fire prevention organizations will not approve such a document. When building up sections of individual housing construction, it is necessary to take into account the distance to the power line located nearby.

Scheme of propagation of electromagnetic waves

How dangerous the radiation of high-voltage lines is demonstrated by land prices. Near power lines, the cost of plots is low. As you move away, it rises every 50 m. You should not be tempted by cheapness. You need to think about the health of your family.

Width of the sanitary zone

The safe distance from the power line is measured perpendicular to the axis of the overhead line - a high-voltage line. The projection of the outermost wire on the ground or the outer point of the support structure is taken as the reference point. The width of the sanitary zone depends on the voltage in the wires and is defined by SanPiN 2971-84. Background radiation is measured at 1 meter above the ground.

Read also: Safe distance from cell tower to residential buildings: norms and harm to health

Nothing can be built, planted or stayed in the sanitary zone for a long time. The land under power lines is prohibited to sell and use for commercial purposes.

Standards and distances

Safe distance to power lines

The width of the sanitary zone does not meet the safety distance standards for housing construction. It is almost 2 times less, it is measured not from the extreme wires of the overhead line, but is indicated by one value centered on the axis of the power line. For example, the width of the sanitary zone of a 220 kV line is 25 m. This is approximately 10 m from the support post to one side. It is possible to build near power lines no closer than 25 m to the projection of the outermost wire on the ground.

In the countryside

Below is the safe distance from the house to the power line, depending on the voltage in the line:

• 20 kV - 10 meters;
• 35 kV - 15 meters;
• 110 kV - 20 meters;
• 150-220 kV - 25 meters;
• 300-500 kV - 30 meters;
• 750 kV - 40 meters.

Harm to health from the power line

A voltage of 10 kV is considered safe for humans. It creates a background that does not exceed 10 μT in density - microtesla. For comparison, the Earth's magnetic field is 30–50 μT.

Standard support drawing

It differs from the radiation generated by overhead lines by a constant or smoothly varying value. A current with a frequency of 50 Hz passes through the power line - this means that in a second the current changes its direction 50 times, a complete oscillation occurs - an alternating current wave. With this frequency, the value of the radiated magnetic field also changes.

The highest value of natural fluctuations reaches 40 Hz. With a constant presence in the zone of magnetic waves with large values, failures occur in the human body. This is possible not only when standing under power lines for a long time, but also near household electrical appliances, especially thermal ones. The damage from the proximity of overhead lines is commensurate with the health damage caused by an iron, refrigerator, washing machine, computer.

Types of supports

In the European Union, it is generally accepted that if the voltage in the wires of the power line is higher than 35 kV and the apartment is located closer than the standard interval of the security zone plus 20 m, then, according to the health standards of the United Europe, such a neighborhood can cause a number of diseases of the nervous, cardiovascular and immune systems.

The distance from power lines and possible harm to health in this case are directly related. The construction of housing in the European Union is allowed at a distance of 20 meters from the sanitary protection zone, if we take its value from our PUE standards. Russian norms for distances to residential buildings are described above.

Table of European standards.

A plot for individual housing construction or a summer cottage may be partially located closer to the high-voltage line than the minimum distance to a residential building. In the technical passport, this band is indicated as a zone of encumbrance. On this land, you can plant a vegetable garden, a garden and put up a fence. You can not build a house and build utility rooms. A place to rest in the yard should be equipped away from power lines.

Scheme of installation of pillars in SNT and IZHS in accordance with the standards

How to determine the voltage of power lines

When buying a plot, it is important to make sure that the distance to the overhead line - high voltage line - is safe. Information about the exact voltage in a nearby power line is not always freely available. You can determine it yourself by the number of wires in the bundle and insulator disks near the pole.

One wire means that the consumer voltage is less than 330 kV with a frequency of 50 Hz.

A higher value can be determined by the number of wires in the cable bundle:

• 1 PC. — up to 330 kV;
• 2 pcs. - 330 kV;
• 3 pcs. - 500 kV;
• 4 things. - 750 kV;
• 6-8 pcs. — from 1000 kV and more.

Table of distances and voltages

You should not count the number of cables stretched between the supports, but the wires in one bundle. Additionally, you can navigate on which they are stretched: the higher they are located, the greater the voltage in them.

For lines with one wire, the voltage is determined by the number of insulators - ceramic discs in one bunch hanging from a pole. The normative figures are given in the list:

1. 3-5 insulators - 35 kV.
2. 6-8 insulators - 110 kV.
3. 15 insulators - 220 kV.

Tension in residential areas

On the streets within residential areas, power lines have a voltage of 6–10 kV, which does not create radiation that exceeds a value that is safe for humans. These wires are brought into the houses, passing over the fences of the plots.

Distances from the fence to the buildings on the site

They also have standards for safe use. According to SNiP, residential buildings and other buildings should be located no closer than 5 m from the red line. This is a feature of the front boundary of the site. All underground and air communications pass through it, including power lines. Only a wire connected directly to the building violates the safe distance.

The insulator on which the wire is attached from the outside must be located on the wall of the building at a height of 2.75 m and above. The entrance to the house should not be located above and next to bedrooms, children's rooms and rooms where the family spends a lot of time. The best option is the wall of the pantry, utility room, hallway.

The minimum sag of the SIP over the footpath is 3.5 m. The sag of the wire between the overhead lines should be more than 6 m from the ground above the roadway.

In the private sector, power lines run along one side of the street - the red line on the plan. The distance from the power line to a private residential building on the land of individual housing construction must clearly comply with the PUE standards. Stretching wires to connect the house from the opposite side is necessary only through additional supports. The height to the insulators exceeds 6.2 m. The minimum distance from the power transmission line with a voltage of 6 kV is 2 meters horizontally.

Pole mounting scheme

How to protect yourself from electromagnetic radiation

As you move away from the power line, the magnetic radiation decreases. SanPiN indicates the distance when it reaches an acceptable value, but does not disappear completely. Experts say that a completely safe distance is 10 times higher than the permissible one.

Long-term stay for months and years of people in the zone of power lines, which emit electromagnetic waves and create an electromagnetic field, leads to negative changes in the body. This condition causes disturbances in the nervous, cardiovascular, endocrine, reproductive, hematological, immune systems and increases the risk of oncopathology.

That is why, in order to protect people from the harmful effects of an electromagnetic field along the passage of a high-voltage line, the installation of sanitary protection zones is prescribed, the size of which is set taking into account the voltage of the power line.

In accordance with SanPiN No. 2971-84, sanitary protection zones for AC power transmission are determined. In particular, at a voltage of 330 kV, the size of the SPZ is twenty meters. At 500 kV, this value reaches thirty meters. Accordingly, forty-meter protection is provided for lines of 750 kV, and 55 meters for a voltage of 1150 kV.

In these zones, summer cottages and garden plots are prohibited, not to mention residential and public buildings and structures.

To determine whether high-voltage power lines really have such a detrimental effect on the human body, one can compare the distances and transmitted voltages in these structures with a conventional 220 V outlet located in our house a meter from a person.

Why are high voltage lines harmful?

Power lines emit a static field and alternating waves. However, the same radiation comes from electrical wiring, and from any electrical appliances that are in our houses and apartments. When comparing a 220 V AC outlet located a meter away from a person, and a power line transmitting a voltage of approximately 200 kV located thirty meters away, and given that the strength of the static field decreases with the square of the distance, both of these radiation sources affect approximately the same.

The calculation shows that the equivalent of a socket located a meter away from us will be a power line transmitting current with a voltage of 6.5 kV. In addition, it should be borne in mind that in our house there are several sockets, up to plus tens of meters of electrical wiring, a TV, a refrigerator, a computer, and other electrical appliances, whose radiation can be much stronger.

It follows from this that it is not worth arguing that high-voltage power lines have such a detrimental effect on the human body. On the other hand, this issue has not yet been fully studied. Theoretically, a power line, which is located near the home, can cause resonance in the body of internal organs. The industrial frequency of the current is 50 Hz, but there are no organs that respond to such frequencies in the human body and the vibrations of a lower frequency negatively affect the body. Although people dealing with high-voltage power lines often experience:

• irritability,
• decrease in immunity.

However, these manifestations may be associated with the need for constant composure, accuracy and attentiveness, which distinguishes this profession from other jobs, in which the need for increased attention arises only periodically.

The reaction of the body to radiation from power lines

In some countries, people who are very sensitive to the radiation of high-voltage lines have the right to move away from passing power lines, while the costs and search for housing are paid by the government. We spend money on the development of standards for the installation of high-voltage lines.

It has been noticed that two people of the same age can feel different effects from a nearby high-voltage power line. It can have a depressing effect on one, and the other at this time will experience a surge of energy.

The only thing that is known for certain at the moment is that there is no evidence of the harmful effects of power lines on the human body, as well as evidence of their harmlessness. That is, their certain influence on a person is known, but what it consists of is still a mystery.