ROUTING
ON THE DEVICE OF A SEAM METAL ROOF
1 area of use
1 area of use
The technological map was developed for the installation of roofing from galvanized sheet or rolled steel, both with and without a polymer coating, for public and residential buildings with a roof slope of 7 to 30 °. Roof coverings can also be made from non-ferrous metals. This technological map discusses the technology of metal roofing, in which the connection of individual elements of the coating is performed using folds.
The purpose of the formation of the technological process for this technological map is:
- ensuring the safe movement of workers on the roof and the safe execution of production processes;
- rational use of the simplest mechanisms and devices for roofing work;
- Achieving a high level of labor productivity;
- Reducing the cost of work performed.
2. General provisions
Seam roofing is one of the many roofing systems that reliably protect premises from atmospheric influences. It is the most hermetic system and virtually eliminates the possibility of through corrosion.
Lifting to the roof, moving and lowering to the ground various tools, materials and fixtures is a necessary type of work in the implementation of production operations, which creates additional labor intensity for roofing. These works belong to the category of work with an increased risk of production factors, and under certain conditions are carried out with the issuance of a work permit.
Lifting, lowering and holding in an elevated position on the roof of various loads (pictures, mechanisms, fixtures, etc.) for roofing, the use of winches and hoists as manual cranes must be carried out taking into account the requirements of GOST 12.3.009 and PB-10-382 -00 .
The basis of a seam roof is a special method of connecting two adjacent sheets of metal using a seam connection. The fold is double and single. Correctly executed fold excludes any leaks. Separate elements of a folded roof are usually called paintings. The edges of the picture are prepared in advance for the seam connection. Fold - a type of seam formed when joining sheets (pictures) of a metal roof (Fig. 1, 2, 3).
Fig.1. Single and double fold
Fig.2. seam roof
Fig.3. Connection of paintings with recumbent and standing seam
Prior to the installation of a metal roof, organizational and preparatory measures must be completed in accordance with SNiP 12-01-2004 "Organization of construction". All installation and related work must be completed, issued with certificates for hidden work in accordance with SNiP 3.03.01-87 "Bearing and enclosing structures". Preparatory work includes:
- verification of compliance with the design slopes of the roof slopes;
- checking the correctness of the crate device;
- sorting and quality control of supplied metal sheets.
The main materials for sheet steel roofing are non-galvanized (black) or galvanized sheet steel roofing. Roofing steel is produced in the form of sheets measuring 1420x710 mm, 2000x1000 mm, 0.4-0.8 mm thick, weighing (depending on thickness) from 3 to 6 kg. Non-galvanized (black) sheet steel is used to a limited extent in construction and in the overhaul of buildings. Roofs from it require frequent painting with drying oil. The most effective use of roofing galvanized steel. It is less exposed to corrosion, its service life is much longer. The surface of galvanized steel must be smooth, without films, bubbles, streaks, with dense and uniform galvanization.
In most cases, roofs consist of two main parts - the carrier in the form of a truss system and the enclosing one in the form of a roofing. With a wooden supporting structure, under a roofing sheet of steel, a crate is usually arranged from boards with a section of 200x50 mm and bars with a section of 50x50 mm. The crate is supported on truss structures with a distance between the rafters of 1.2-2 m. Bars and boards are placed at a distance of 200 mm from each other. With this arrangement in the crate, the foot of a person walking along the slope of the roof will always rest on two bars, which will prevent the deflection of the roofing.
The lathing under the roof of sheet steel must be even, strong, rigid, without protrusions and recesses. Between the control rail 1 m long and the crate, a clearance of no more than 5 mm is allowed. For the installation of a cornice overhang and wall gutters, a solid plank flooring is laid from edged boards 3-4 boards wide (700 mm). The front board of the cornice overhang must be straight and hang from the cornice by the same amount along its entire length. A continuous flooring of edged boards is also arranged under the grooves (up to a width of 500 mm in each direction).
Along the ridge of the roof, two boards converging with edges are laid, which serve to maintain the ridge joint. The durability of the roof depends on the correct arrangement of the lathing, since even a slight deflection of the sheets on it weakens the density of the joints (folds), which leads to leakage and destruction of the coating.
Seam roof connections can be made in various ways. There is another kind of folds - self-latching. They are connected to each other without using a tool. The most airtight and moisture-proof is a double standing seam - this is a longitudinal connection protruding above the roof plane between two adjacent roofing patterns, the edges of which have a double bend.
For the installation of seam roofing, roll technology can be used. Roll technology is a process of manufacturing metal roofing paintings for the entire length of the slope with edges prepared for joining in a double seam on a special blanking machine. Pictures are stacked on a slope, fixed with clamps and connected to each other in a double standing seam using a seaming machine. The tightness of the double seam, where necessary, is ensured by the use of a seal located inside the seam.
3. Organization and technology of work performance
Roofing installation works include the following operations:
- covering of cornice overhangs;
- installation of wall gutters;
- the device of an ordinary covering (covering of slopes of a roof);
- covering of grooves.
The scheme of organization of work during the installation of a metal roof is shown in Fig. 4, 5.
ROOF PLAN
Fig.4. Facade and roof plan
roofing jobs
1 - automobile crane KS-35714K; 2 - cornice flooring from boards; 3 - crate; 4 - inventory platform; 5 - metal stand; 6 - a picture of an ordinary coating; 7 - a picture of a wall gutter; 8 - the border of the danger zone near the building under construction
Fig.5. Scheme of organization of work in the construction of a metal roof
Roofing pictures prepared in advance are lifted to the roof with the help of a KS-35714K truck crane in special containers. To receive them, an inventory collapsible platform and a light stand for storing sheets are installed on the roof.
Covering the eaves begins with the installation of crutches along the overhang, designed to support the paintings. The crutches are nailed to the crate through 700 mm from each other with the removal (overhang) from the edge of the crate by 130-170 mm.
All crutches must be laid with the same overhang, so first the two extreme crutches are nailed, and one of the nails on each crutch is not completely hammered. A cord is pulled between these nails, by which the positions of all intermediate crutches are determined.
Covering the roof with sheet steel is made from pre-prepared sheets called paintings. Pictures can be single and double (of two sheets), connected along the short sides. The latter method is more productive, as it reduces labor costs for connecting sheets on the roof and allows the use of enlarged roofing elements. The preparation of paintings consists in bending the edges of the sheet on four sides for their subsequent connection on the roof with folds. It can be done manually or mechanized on folding machines.
Roofing sheets are usually interconnected along the short side of the sheet with recumbent folds, and along the long side with standing (ridge) folds. When covering the roof slopes, the ridge folds are located along the slope, and the recumbent folds are located across (parallel to the roof ridge), which does not prevent water from flowing from the slopes. Seam joints can be single and double. It is advisable to connect sheets for covering roof slopes with small roof slopes (about 16 °) and in places of the greatest accumulation of water (gutters, grooves) with double folds.
Covering the roof slopes is one of the most labor-intensive operations in the construction of sheet steel roofs. In the complex of works performed on the roof on the installation of an ordinary roofing of slopes, the greatest labor costs fall on connecting paintings with ridge folds, since the length of the latter is twice the length of the recumbent folds, of which half is performed in the workshop when preparing paintings. Usually, the connection of roofing paintings with a comb seam is made by roofers using hammers or with a hammer using a lapel bar. Recently, electric comb benders and comb benders have been proposed and used, which allow performing work without the use of roofing hammers.
The cornice paintings prepared earlier and submitted to the roof are laid on top of the crutches along the overhang of the roof in such a way that their edge, which has a lapel tape, tightly wraps around the protruding part of the crutch. The unfolded edge of the sheets on the opposite side is nailed to the crate with nails with a distance of 400-500 mm between them. The nail heads are further covered with a wall gutter. Pictures of the cornice overhang are interconnected by recumbent folds.
At the end of the coating of the cornice overhangs, wall gutters are laid. Typically, the gutters are located between the water intake funnels with a slope of 1:20 to 1:10. Work begins with the installation of hooks, which are placed along the line marked for laying the gutters and beaten off with a chalked cord. Hooks are placed on top of the cornice paintings at a distance of 650 mm from one another. Hooks should be placed perpendicular to the line of wall gutters and nailed with two or three nails to the crate.
At the end of the work on laying the wall gutters, the roof slopes are covered. Pictures of the ordinary covering of gable roofs (gable) are usually laid, starting from the gable wall (pediment), and hip (four-slope) - from the edge of their ridges. The paintings are laid out in strips along the slope of the roof in the direction from the ridge to the gutter. Pictures in each strip are connected to each other by recumbent folds. In this way, several strips are laid, which are temporarily attached at the ridge to the crate with nails (beyond the edge of the bent edge of the ridge). The gable overhang should hang from the crate by 40-50 mm. The overhang is fastened with end clamps installed every 200-400 mm, which, together with the longitudinal bend of the ordinary strip, are bent in the form of a double standing seam. The gable overhangs of monumental buildings, as well as buildings built in areas with heavy winds, should be fixed in the same way as cornice overhangs, i.e. on crutches with the device of lapel tapes with droppers.
Clamps are nailed along the strip assembled from paintings to the side of the crate at a distance of 600 mm from each other. Then the second strip is assembled and laid in such a way that the folded large edge of the first strip adjoins the small folded edge of the sheets of the second strip. At the same time, adjacent strips are shifted relative to each other by 40-50 mm, so that the recumbent folds of adjacent paintings are spaced apart.
Laying ordinary strips on a slope is carried out with a release of 50-60 mm above the roof ridge to form a ridge ridge. In order to avoid meeting on the ridge of two ridge folds of opposite roof slopes, they are placed apart at a mutual distance of at least 50 mm. Adjacent strips of paintings are first connected with a ridge fold only at the clamps, while they are pulled tightly to the crate, and then along the entire length of the ridge fold.
Following the coating of the roof slopes, the grooves are covered from the ridge to the overhang. The strip of the groove assembled in the workshop and rolled up on the roof is unfolded and laid in place so that its longitudinal edges fit under the edges of the ordinary covering of the slopes, which are cut with hand scissors along the borders of the groove. Then the edges of the groove are connected to the edges of the ordinary covering with a lying fold, bent towards the groove, with the final sealing of the folds with a mallet.
The scheme of the device cornice overhangs
1 - rafter leg; 2 - crate; 3 - cornice flooring from boards; 4 - picture of the cornice overhang; 5 - crutch
Fig.6. Timber lapel for the device of folds and the scheme of the device of cornice overhangs
After connecting with the ordinary coating, the upper end of the groove, adjacent to the ridge, is cut to the shape of the ridge, and the lower end, adjacent to the wall gutter, is cut parallel to the direction of the gutter, leaving an edge for the fold. Then the groove is connected to the ridge with a ridge fold and with a wall gutter - a recumbent fold, bent towards the gutter (in the direction of the water flow). The folds, which connect the sheets of the groove between themselves and with an ordinary roofing, must be smeared with minium putty.
In order to better drain water from behind the pipe, a triangular cutting (opening) is made on the upper side of the pipe in the form of a gable roof from boards or bars nailed to the crate and covered with sheet steel. Water flowing from the slope of the roof is dissected by cutting and flows down the slopes. The collar formed by the bends of the edges of the paintings should tightly wrap around the pipe shaft and be connected in the corners to the fold.
More efficient is Roll technology. The technology is called so because roofing paintings are made directly on construction sites from metal delivered in rolls and can be of almost any length. This is what makes it possible to avoid transverse (lying) folds and, accordingly, the main places of leakage. The connection of roofing paintings is carried out, as a rule, in a double standing seam. To ensure complete tightness of the joints, as mentioned above, the fold can be sealed with silicone sealant. The use of roll technology requires modern equipment, including machines for cutting metal, special bending and seaming machines, etc. Roll technology is the most progressive and makes it possible to arrange modern seam roofs both from simple galvanized rolled steel and from galvanized steel with polymer coatings.
SCHEME OF THE DEVICE OF THE ROOF FROM SHEET STEEL
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1 - a picture in an ordinary strip; |
9 - eaves flooring; |
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2 - recumbent fold; |
10 - a picture of a wall gutter; |
|
3 - ridge fold; |
11 - hook; |
|
4 - ridge ridge fold; |
12 - picture of the cornice overhang; |
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5 - board; |
13 - funnel; |
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6 - rafter leg; |
14 - tray; |
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7 - crate; |
15 - gable clamp; |
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8 - crutch; |
16 - roofing nail. |
ridge ridge
Fig.7. Seam roof device
FASTENING THE GED EDGE OF THE ROW STRIP
SCHEME OF CONNECTION OF SHEETS WITH A STANDING FOLD WITH THEIR FASTENING WITH A CLASS
1 - clamp; 2 - sheet of roofing steel; 3 - crate
A-d - sequence of operations
Fig.8. Joining roofing sheets with a seam and fixing the edge strip
SCHEMES OF CONNECTION OF THE ROOF TO THE CHIMNEY
1 - cutting; 2 - otter; 3 - crate; 4 - collar
Fig.9. Adjoining the seam roof to the chimney
The most difficult part of a steel roof is the collar around the chimney. It is better to make it in advance - all work can be done below, on a workbench, and the roofing sheet with a ready-made collar can be included in the overall coverage. Roofs made of non-galvanized steel should be primed and painted immediately after installation (at least twice). For oil paints (including when using minium iron), the primer is drying oil with the addition of pigments, for nitro enamels - a nitro primer.
Table 1
Calculation of labor costs and machine time
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Folds are called special seams connecting two metal sheets into a single sheet. In this way, not only roofing is carried out, seam seams are used in the manufacture of metal buckets, drainage systems, pipes, gutters and many other types of metal products. These seams are also found on decorative elements, jewelry.
The name comes from the German fold (Falz) - translated as a groove. In a broader sense, it is used to name the place of the bend of the seam connecting two metal sheets. Seams can be made on factory bending machines or manually. The first method guarantees even surfaces, significantly speeds up the process of roof overlapping. Manual molding of folds is considered the most difficult roofing work and is not performed by all craftsmen.
Depending on the spatial position and the number of bends, seam connections are divided into several types.
| Seam type | Brief description of manufacturing technology and performance characteristics |
|---|---|
| The simplest and most used type of roof lock. Reminiscent of a spike/groove connection. The edge of one sheet is folded at an angle of 90 °, the edge of the second is made with two folds - the first at a right angle, the second at an angle of 180 °. Such a connection can be prepared on the ground, on the roof the sheets are inserted into each other and finally folded to give tightness. |
| More complex connection. Provides improved sealing performance. It is rarely used on roofs, more often it is used during the manufacture of various metal containers or jewelry. The end of one sheet is folded twice, the first time at a right angle, the second time at an angle of 180 °. The end of the second sheet is folded over three times. First time at a right angle and twice at an angle of 180°. |
| Simple connection, used as a technological seam of various products for bulk materials. Advantages - ease of execution, the ability to bend folded sheets across the seam in an arc or at various angles. All standing seams do not allow such bends. |
| Hermetic seam, used during the manufacture of containers for storing liquids. The number of bends is the same as with a double standing one, the difference is that it is not located vertically, but is pressed against the sheets. |
Standing seams have high bending strength, lying joints do not withstand vertical loads. All folds of double seams are made on two sheets at the same time. The roofer must first calculate the width of the camber strips and install the sheets with the required offset.
The steel sheet is fixed to the crate with a clamp. This is a metal strip made from the same material as the roof. The clamp is screwed to the crate, then bent at an angle of 90 °, goes around the fold and bends again, but at an angle of 180 °. This technology makes it possible to fasten sheets to the crate without making holes in the roof; it is not used on commercially manufactured folded sheets.
For seam roofing, the industry produces specially rolled metal with a given profile, which greatly speeds up and simplifies the process of roofing. In addition, factory profiles have perfectly flat surfaces and the same dimensions, which significantly improves the appearance of the coating. Finished industrial sheets are called paintings or rebate sheets.
There are two kinds of pictures.
- Starting. They are installed first on each side of the roof slope, they have only two spikes.
- Privates. Used for the main coating, interconnected in a spike / groove.
To roll up the folds, a hand tool or mechanical seaming devices are used. Manual seaming makes it possible to connect not only straight seams, but also elements of complex configurations. The seamer gives an excellent look and quality of connection, but can only be used on straight sections of the roof.
The width of the panels is standardized, the length is chosen by the customer, taking into account the architectural features of the truss system and the dimensions of the roof.
Operational parameters of seam roofing
The price of a snow retainer for a seam roof
Snow guard for rebated roof
Seam roofs are not widely used among developers; they are most often found on exclusive buildings or outbuildings. The fold makes it possible to connect sheets to each other without the use of traditional hardware, which eliminates the formation of holes on the surface. It is in these places that metal corrosion occurs most quickly, especially if the rubber gaskets have lost their original hermetic properties.
An important quality of a folded roof is the absence of fastening elements on the surface (in particular, transverse joints when creating a roofing card of any length), which eliminates leaks
Only professionals with extensive experience in the manufacture of various seams and a complete set of special tools and fixtures can mount such roofs. The advantages of seam roofing include the following parameters.
- Light weight. The mass of a square meter of coating does not exceed 5-6 kg, the data fluctuate depending on the thickness. Light weight allows you to build a lightweight truss system, which, given the high cost of lumber, significantly reduces the estimated cost of roofing.
Another plus of the seam roof is the light weight of the entire structure, including the battens and other elements.
- Minimum price. For seam roofing, you can buy rolled sheet steel. It is considered a raw material for the manufacture of metal tiles and metal profiles. Accordingly, rolled non-profiled steel is much cheaper than finished products.
- The complete absence of holes eliminates mechanical damage to the integrity of the paintings. It is in the holes that corrosion processes quickly appear. In the future, leaks form here, the roof has to be changed or repaired.
Like all architectural elements, seam roofs have their drawbacks.
As for the other common problems (noisiness, high thermal conductivity, static charge accumulation), they are exactly the same as with metal tiles or profiled roofing sheets.
Folding frame prices
Rebate frames
What metals can seam roofs be made of?
The main requirement for metals is that they should easily bend without the formation of microcracks. It is known that microcracks gradually expand, the reason for this phenomenon is metal fatigue. An increase in the size of microcracks can cause leaks. According to their physical characteristics, the following metals are suitable for seam roofing.
Copper
The most expensive seam roofing material is used only on exclusive houses, during the reconstruction of historical buildings and the construction of places of worship. Over time, the copper surface oxidizes and becomes covered with a thin protective film of the original color scheme - patina. This gives the roofs a special prestige and perfection.
Aluminum
The service life is practically unlimited. The surface of aluminum is also covered with a thin layer of oxide, which prevents further aging. The metal is easily bent and stretched, which allows it to be used on roofs with very complex geometries.
Zinc-titanium
An alloy specially adapted to the construction needs, characterized by high corrosion resistance and beautiful appearance. It has a unique self-healing property - all small scratches are tightened. The metal can be drawn without degrading the original physical properties.
Cink Steel
Structural steels are used for its manufacture, zinc coating is done by hot method. This manufacturing technology increases the life of the roof. For additional anti-corrosion protection and to improve the design look, surfaces can be coated with polymer paints.
Installation of a click-seam roof
The click-fold connection differs from the ordinary one in that it can be hermetically snapped into place without the use of special equipment and tools. The plant provides unique profile bends, which make it possible to speed up the process of laying roofing material.
Depending on the type of roof, a roofing cake is made. For insulated roofs, this is a rather complex and expensive structure; cold roofs are much faster and easier to install.
A distinctive roofing material among traditional ones can be called a seam roof. This metal coating is quite durable and reliable, but it does not look like a metal tile, slate or roofing material. Her appearance attracts attention. But reliability and appearance are not the only things that make this type of roof popular. We will talk about the advantages of the roof later. But the seam roof got its name due to the seam with which sheets of metal are fastened to each other. Such a connection is strong, reliable and tight.
Let's find out how a seam roof works, how it differs from others and how to install it. In addition, we will find out how to repair a seam roof.
Pros and cons of seam roofing
Seam roofing is a covering made from sheets of metal that are joined by a seam seam. For the first time in Russia, they heard about it more than 100 years ago. She quickly gained popularity. A machine for seam roofing was created, which made a seam on sheets.
And the most accessible method became when they invented a tool for seam roofing, which rolled up the seam. Before, everything was done by hand. What are the benefits of such a roof?
- Coating durability and strength.
- Price-quality ratio.
- Light weight.
- Economical consumption of material.
- Huge range of colors.
- Due to the smooth surface on the roof, there are no accumulations of snow and rain.
- The coating is sealed, without seams on the outside. Water will not get under the roof.
But along with the advantages, there are also disadvantages:
- Since it is metal, it is noisy. In order not to hear the sound of rain on the roof, you will need a little soundproofing.
- Difficult installation and the need to have a special tool.
- A lightning rod device is mandatory, as the roof accumulates an electric charge.
Basically, a seam roof is valued not for its beauty, but for its reliability and tightness. Since there are no seams on the outside of the coating. Sheets, or as they are also called - paintings, are attached to the crate with clamps, and the seams are rolled up with a frame. Depending on the seam, there are several types of seam roofing.
Types of coverage
Seam roofing is performed in 4 different ways:
- Single recumbent.
- Single standing.
- Double recumbent.
- Double standing.
The last of them is considered the most reliable and durable. The thing is that the seam is then the most protected, and the roof will be almost monolithic. She is not afraid of external influences. For complex structures, two types of seams are used. For transverse seams (horizontal) - recumbent, and for longitudinal (vertical) - standing.
In addition, the material from which the paintings are made can be different:
If you have already decided what material you will make your roof from, let's look at how the seam roof is installed.
Making a pitched roof
Roofing instructions are not too complicated. Basically, it is difficult to do the preparatory work. You need to take care of all the necessary tools and materials in advance. Pictures can be bought ready-made, or you can bend on the machine. It is better if the picture is the same size as the roof slope, then installation will be easier. In addition, you will need clamps for fastening, and a frame for seaming. If schematically and step by step, then you can make a roof like this:
Note! Do not forget to make holes for the chimney or ventilation pipe in advance, protecting them with an elastic penetration.
To understand how to do the job, we suggest you additionally watch the video:
Self-locking seam roof
The task of building a seam roof for teapots was simplified when a self-locking sheet was made. Indeed, this method is convenient, reliable and simple. Even a beginner can do it right. The thing is that the formation of a seam seam does not require special skills and tools. Their structure is quite simple.
How is the installation carried out? Everything is similar to the technology that we considered. Sheets are stacked on the crate.
Advice! The most important thing is to set the first sheet correctly.
Then it is fixed with clamps and another sheet is connected to it. And this is where the self-locking mechanism comes into play. Sheets simply interlock with each other without much technique. Convenient locks grab and a seam is formed. The work is not difficult and is performed much faster than the traditional version.
The package includes the following items:
- self-locking roofing pictures;
- lower and inner valleys;
- side gables from the rain;
- profiles and aprons;
- clamps and screws.
If you are in doubt whether you can make a traditional fold, you can always resort to new technologies that will make your job easier.
Seam roof repair
It is clear that no matter what type of roof you make, it will have to be repaired during operation. If, when working with a seam roof, you adhered to the technology, followed all the rules and chose high-quality materials, then you will not have to repair the seam roof soon. When, nevertheless, a certain area was damaged, it is necessary to replace the paintings.
In the case where the roof is made of zinc or aluminum, a regular patch can be used. Tinning and soldering for zinc is not a problem. If it is aluminum, then the patch should be 7-8 cm wider than the area. It is fixed with screws. For sealing, the joints must be lubricated with roofing glue twice with drying.
In most cases, repairs have to be done due to leaks. They appear after many years of use. The reasons are as follows:
- mechanical damage or corrosion on the sheet;
- sagging of the picture due to the large crate step;
- loss of tightness of the seam;
- changing the geometry of the room.
To identify the cause, you need to examine the attic. When you find out what is leaking at the joints, you need to additionally roll the seams, and then treat them with a sealant. If there is a leak at the chimney or in places with an apron, you need to dismantle everything and reinstall it. In this case, you need to use high-quality sealant. A repair will cost a pretty penny, during which the truss system is rotten. Replacing it is almost impossible, so you have to dismantle the roof and do it again. To avoid this, you need to immediately eliminate any leaks and additionally treat the tree with an antiseptic.
Summing up
Thus, you have learned how to make a good and reliable seam roof. It can serve you for many years. If you did everything right, then your seam roof will be like in the photo below.
By following all the tips, you will be able to cope with the task.
Seam roofing is a metal roofing consisting of paintings (material elements with prepared edges). The paintings are interconnected with the help of folds. Fastening is carried out with nail shelves, clamps.
Individual construction, buildings of public, administrative, office purposes are areas of use for steel seam roofing.
This type of roofing material appeared in the 18th century in Germany. Fold (from German) - a gutter or groove. Lead was used in production, and over time, thick lead plates were replaced by lighter metals. In Russia, seam roofing became widespread at the beginning of the 20th century.
Advantages and disadvantages of seam roofing
- Tightness. To fix the fold, you do not need to make holes in the material (unlike metal tiles, corrugated board or soft roofing). Tightness is achieved due to hidden fastening, a smooth surface of the material, on which moisture does not linger, at the joints of which condensation does not form.
- Seam roofing with a polymer coating, made of galvanized steel (zinc content 275 g/m2), is presented in a variety of colors. There are more than 50 colors of seam roofing.
- It is used for roofs of an unusual configuration (spiers, towers, bay windows). For this, a double seam connection is used.
- Resistance to negative external influences (UV radiation, strong gusts of wind, snow load, precipitation).
- Corrosion resistance (due to galvanization and polymer coating).
- The service life of a folded roof is more than 50 years.
- The material has a low weight and sufficient strength, rigidity due to the presence of additional stiffeners.
When installing a seam roof, you should pay attention to:
- For tools and special equipment. Installation of such a rabbit requires certain skills and equipment. Order the installation of a single or double fold only in trusted companies that provide a guarantee for the work performed.
- On the high thermal conductivity of the material, which leads to the formation of icicles. The problem can be eliminated by timely cleaning of the roof.
- On a smooth surface of the material, which can lead to an avalanche of snow. To eliminate this problem, snow retainers are used.
- On the possibility of corrosion and the "noisiness" of the material. Give preference to a roof made of galvanized steel with a polymer coating. To eliminate the "noise" should use a perfectly flat crate.
Seam roof classification
Types of seam roofing by material:
- copper;
- aluminum;
- titanium-zinc;
- galvanized steel with polymer coating.
| Material | Peculiarities |
| Copper |
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| Aluminum |
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| Titanium zinc |
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| Color coated galvanized steel |
|
According to the type of connection, seam roofing is divided into four types. A detailed arrangement of each type of seam can be seen in the section of the seam roof.
Folds are recumbent (they are used for horizontal connection of sheets). Among the lying folds there are options with a simple and complex connection:
- single recumbent folds are used on roofs whose slope is not more than 10 degrees;
- double lying folds are more durable and reliable than single ones.
For fastening vertical strips of material, a standing fold is used. Horizontal folds have options with a simple and complex connection:
- single standing folds are the simplest type of connection;
- standing double seams are suitable for use on a very small roof slope, they are highly tight and durable, they are made by bending the L-shaped profile by 90 degrees.
GrandLine manufactures:
- Clickfalz. The advantage of the material is the hidden method of fastening. Such a metal roof is reliable, durable. No through holes and special equipment are needed to attach the clickfalse. Sheets are fastened to the crate using self-tapping screws through holes located along the key part of the roof.
- Double standing seam with various types of polymer coatings.
- Clickfalz Mini with hidden fixings is the best solution for small architectural forms.
Classification by form of production:
- Sheet. It is used for small roofs of complex configuration. Preparation of pictures is carried out from sheet steel.
- Roll. It is used to cover large roofs, it is made in rolls, it is distinguished by the absence of transverse seams.
GrandLine customers can use the calculation of the amount of material in any of the company's offices. Experienced managers will carry out the correct calculation for the pitched seam roof.
Guarantees from GrandLine
We guarantee:
- high quality of the presented products (click fold, double standing fold), confirmed by the relevant certificates;
- a wide range (more than 5 types of polymer coatings, 50 colors);
- availability of products in stock and timely delivery;
- competent calculation of the material;
- preservation of the appearance and technical characteristics of materials during the service life.
You can order a seam roof in the online store, by contact numbers listed on the site, by ordering a call back. In addition to the order, accessories are purchased: waterproofing membranes, self-tapping screws, original additional elements.
Seam roofing is a great option for roofs with a slight slope. The German masters invented the seam roof (you may have already guessed by the name). In translation, "falz" means just a gutter, and the installation of a seam roof consists of such simple connections - they snapped or clamped, and that's it. But why then, with such simplicity, seam roofing is not common?
The problem is that before the fold was made from sheets only by hand. The process was time-consuming, the joints were not too smooth, and it was difficult to talk about the tightness of such a roof. And only with the advent of professional equipment, seam roofing rediscovered itself: smooth joints, any length and speed of installation did their job. Want to know more?
The roof, which is made from individual metal sheets, is called a seam. Seam roofing appeared in Russia a little over 100 years ago, and quickly gained its popularity. And with the production of mechanical and electric seaming tools (previously, the folds were connected only by hand), its installation became available to everyone. See for yourself:
From the advantages:
- The light weight of the roof, which is valuable for any buildings.
- Excellent leak protection. All thanks to tightness! There are no through holes anywhere on the seam roof that could become a hotbed of corrosion or other problems.
- Seam roofing is also attractive for its ease of installation, which almost anyone can handle.
- Such a roof can be made not only on ordinary pitched roofs, but also on more complex architectural objects.
- The seam roof looks aesthetically pleasing and is combined with any kind of building materials.
- The main advantage of a folded roof is 100% tightness of the roofing, under which neither snow nor rainwater can get through. The fact is that in such a roof there are a minimum of holes, unlike a metal profile, which means a minimal risk of moisture getting into the under-roof space. No corrosion!
- 20 years minimum service life. In principle, seam roofing is also durable due to the fact that its joints are inaccessible to water. Plus, it does not have transverse seams and open joints that would prevent water runoff and snow melting.
And a fairly simple installation:
We note right away that all the shortcomings that are usually attributed to the seam roof come from improper installation.
- So, the most common complaints are about the strong noise from the rain, when the drops simply drum on the seam roof. To avoid this, the crate must be used perfectly flat, then the metal sheets will fit tightly enough to it and not create a noise effect.
- Periodically repair of folds is necessary. See how they were made and with what.
- An avalanche of snow. Yes, on such a flat roof, he has nothing left to do but quickly move out, but what are the snow holders for then? In Europe, for example, even a house is not insured if there are no such elements on the roof.
- Simple design and lack of a rich choice of colors and textures. Yes, not everyone likes the minimalist aesthetics of a seam roof. But a matter of taste is always a subjective matter, and someone in the same way does not want to see the ubiquitous metal tile in the eyes.
Now look what else you can do to get rid of the noise:
Choice of design and material
To make it convenient for you, we suggest to start with a little understanding of the concepts.
Paintings- these are rectangular metal elements with folds, which are mounted on the roof. The standard form is steel sheets in the form of a rectangle with carved corners. From the pictures and spread the seam roof.
Falz- This is a specific seam, which is obtained by bonding together different sheets of metal. The advantage is that with such a connection, the density is quite high, and neither sealants nor adhesives are needed to ensure complete tightness. And, in addition to their main task, the folds play the role of stiffening ribs for the entire roof.
Klammer- This is a special piece of fasteners that is nailed directly to the base of the roof. A simple clamp has the same shape as the future fold blank, and the movable one ensures the future thermal expansion of the metal (compression and tension at different times of the year).
As you can see, everything is simple and you don’t need to bother with anything.
Painting material
Seam roofs are made from both galvanized steel and various non-ferrous metals. Here are the materials most often used for seam roofing today:
Option #1 - steel
The most common option. Steel seam roofing can be galvanized, non-galvanized or additionally coated with a polymer. Of the advantages - corrosion resistance, low cost and durability (60 years of service).
But over time, the steel, unfortunately, noticeably tarnishes. And therefore, for the installation of a seam roof, steel paintings need to be taken only those that are covered with a colored multi-layer coating. And when buying those, make sure that they have a special protective film on them - this is the only way the material will not be scratched during transportation.
But in any case, even a high-quality polymer coating on the roof will not be durable: due to sunlight, acid rain and the most important enemy - the humid maritime climate.
Option #2 - Copper
This is the most beautiful roof that just burns on a sunny day. Its main plus is that no biological living creatures will take root on it, especially moss. But there are a lot of minuses - such a metal is soft, requires careful handling and is quite expensive.
Over time, copper also becomes covered with a patina - a layer of oxides, and becomes a dark brown color. And even later - green, and nothing needs to be restored. And it is precisely because of oxides that copper cannot be combined with other materials on a seam roof.
Copper seam roofing is also valuable for its flexibility - it is easy to make roofing architectural masterpieces with it, not to mention simple roofs:
Option #3 - Zinc
The zinc seam roof is additionally covered with a protective layer - zinc carbonate. Over time, such a roof acquires a chic silver-gray color. A zinc roof lasts for about 50 years, which is relatively short, and therefore in Europe this material is no longer used for making paintings.
Option #4 - Aluminum
Such a roof is the most resistant to mechanical damage and corrosion, and can last more than 100 years! A pleasant silvery sheen will only please the eye.
In addition, this material is lighter than steel and more resistant to corrosion. But aluminum is bad because it expands and contracts much more with temperature changes. That is why the installation of such a roof has its own characteristics:
Option #5 - zinc-titanium
This is a strong, successful alloy of zinc and titanium: zinc does not corrode, and titanium has both strength and ductility. This spav is also valuable for designers, because over time it becomes covered with a noble patina. The roof looks great!
Option #6 - Aluzinc
Aluzinc is a steel picture with an aluminum-zinc coating, which has valuable self-healing properties and perfectly protects scratches and cuts from corrosion.
Option # 7 - an alloy of three metals
Titanium-zinc-copper alloy. There is not much copper here, only 0.005%, but this is enough to give the roofing material plasticity, which makes profiling easier.
Special coating
If your home is located in a seaside area or an area with poor environmental conditions, or simply with a hot and humid climate, then purchase folded paintings covered with pural. Only this polymer is able to protect at a high level from sea air, rain with acidic impurities and scorching ultraviolet radiation.
Production technology
Seam roofing is also divided according to production technology - into cast and rolled.
Cast roofing has been used in Russia for a long time, and its reliability has already been tested. It is easy to mount such a seam roof with your own hands and without special tools, there are no transverse seams, and the surface is solid and durable. But rolled seam roofing is already a new technology with its own advantages and disadvantages. These are metal strips for the entire length of the slope, and immediately with prepared edges on a special machine. The fold is formed double.
And according to the width of the paintings and the presence of stiffeners, the folded roof is divided into the following types:
- Double fold and two stiffening ribs. Such a roof is most in demand in the industrial sector. She breaks warehouses and large buildings with a variety of roof slopes. Standard width - 5.57 m, working - 5.45 m.
- Double fold and two stiffeners, but less width - 35.2 m (working 3.4 m). Such roofs cover the roofs of cottages, large residential buildings and historical monuments.
- Double fold without stiffening ribs. There are also two types of such roofs, based on the actual width - 5.57 m and 3.52 m. Both are quite suitable for residential buildings and ordinary private houses.
And folded panels can also be ordinary and starting, trapezoidal and parallel:
Market offers
If we talk about brands, in Russia, as well as abroad, the most popular Finnish seam roofing from Ruukki, with self-latching seams.
More pleasant prices - for the materials of the domestic plant "Insi". It has been on the market for more than 16 years, and is quite pleased with the quality of its products. In production, there are both ordinary glossy and matte paintings, as well as unique ones, to create a special roof design.
Seam roof installation technology
For the installation of such a roof, neither special supports, nor expensive lifting equipment, nor additional consumables are needed.
Stage I. We prepare the base
It is possible to arrange seam roofs both on the crate and on a solid base. Both bars and metal hat profile are suitable.
It is only important to adhere to the step between the rafters of no more than 2.5 meters - otherwise even the strongest steel sheets run the risk of bending, and the seams will immediately disperse:
But how to bend the lining sheet yourself:
Stage II. Working with paintings
You can bring both finished paintings and rolled steel to the workplace, which you will cut on the spot.
As soon as the steel paintings are ready, they are raised to the roof. Lay out along the cornice directly on the crate and start installation from the middle.
Stage III. We prepare additional elements
For the roofing of roof edges, valleys, ridges and elements such as a chimney, a roof connection and a dormer window, it is necessary to make ready-made paintings from rolled steel in advance - but already in a figured shape.
Here is a detailed master class on how to make your own dropper for a seam roof:
Stage IV. We bend the folds
So, we moved on to the most important technological issue: how to make folds?
Connection types
Folds in such paintings are single and double, standing and recumbent. To simplify, all horizontal folds are called recumbent, and vertical folds are called standing:
Single standing seam is the easiest to install:
A double fold is a double fold of an edge. It must be done in the most problematic places on the roof, where snow and water usually accumulate - valleys, gutters and other complex joints. It is the strongest and tightest, which is why it is the most popular abroad.
Double standing seam is recommended for roof pitches less than 25°. True, in Russia double fold is still considered an unreasonably expensive technology. Although in fact the price is exceeded quite a bit, but the reliability of such a connection is much greater. Here is how you can make it during the roofing process:
But, if you want the seams between the paintings not to be visible, and the entire roof to look even, then make recumbent folds. And horizontally, the paintings are connected to each other only by recumbent folds - so that the coverage is maximum. If the captured steel strip does not reach the depth, such pictures will disperse over time.
The third type is an angular standing fold, which is also called L-shaped. It is recommended for roofs with slopes greater than 25°. In execution, it is simpler than a regular fold - you just need to correctly bend the top edge of the seam.
Stiffener Height
And now let's talk about the height of the fold, which also serves as a stiffener for such a roof. The fact is that this connection is absolutely waterproof, unless it is exposed to standing water. But where on the roof can it come from in this form? Very simple - from the thickness of the snow. Therefore, the height of the fold matters, and in especially snowy regions it is made considerable.
Additional sealing
Additionally, in order to prevent water from entering the seam, special sealing gaskets are installed in the rebate during installation. A special material is used that calmly tolerates exposure to high temperatures (up to 90 ° C) and compression, because rolling mechanisms for folds will still be used.
Another important point: all fasteners that you will use must only be anti-corrosion. Otherwise, in a couple of years, a new beautiful roof will be covered with rusty streaks.
Rebate technology
You can fasten the folds together with a hammer and wooden beams, with a special hand tool or with the help of electromechanical machines. The simplest option is a frame:
Before you bend the recumbent fold, the picture must be attached to the flooring with a separate narrow strip in order to stabilize its position.
The bend is made from the front and back, and the vertical elements of the sub-fold are left and right.
Clamp application
The most common fastening method is clamps. They are bent by 25 mm, and the paintings are nailed on the right side.
Clamp - a metal strip made of galvanized steel, 80-120 cm long and 0.5-0.7 mm thick. You can cut a clamp from a regular galvanized sheet with a simple hand tool. Next, place the clamps along the edge of the paintings every 60 cm and fasten with self-tapping screws (4.8x28).
So, first we put the picture on the crate, then we fix it with a clamp, and only then we cover it with another picture. You need to nail the clamps along the line connecting the two paintings: one sheet is placed on the clamp from above, and the second is slipped from below, and we wrap three layers of metal in one direction, after which we close the folds to the end. We press, and we get a strong and reliable connection with a clamp, which is hidden inside and holds both sheets on the roof. Such fastening is a 100% guarantee for many years against leaks and cold air.
Now let's see how the work of a professional differs from an amateur. So, for an ordinary home craftsman with quite dexterous hands, one mallet, scissors and a hook bender are enough to install gutters. But an experienced person, a specialist in his field, is armed with at least a dozen expensive special scissors, not to mention frames, pliers and other tools. Moreover, the total cost of such a set can be more expensive than the folding machine itself.
To close folds today, a semi-automatic tool is most often used, the use of which gives many significant advantages:
- High performance.
- High quality seam.
- Preservation of the polymer coating of paintings.
- Ability to work with metal of any thickness.
More recently, paintings have also been produced whose folds are easily snapped into place by pressing - and no tools!
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