Heating baths in winter with electricity. How to organize the heating of the bath. Heating due to external heat sources

You can equip water heating in the bath yourself, starting from the manufacture of a home-made boiler, laying out a wood-burning brick stove and ending with the installation of the “warm floor” system. The main thing is to clearly follow the technology at each of these stages.

Content:

The issue of heating the bath must be dealt with after insulation work, before interior decoration. In compact buildings, it is easiest to build a heater, the power of which is sufficient to heat the steam room, washing compartment and dressing room. In large rooms, it is necessary to install full-fledged heating using a pipeline.

Types of fuel for a bath with water heating

To simplify the task, you can bring water heating to the bathhouse from the house. In winter, you can maintain the optimal temperature in the building in this way. However, in this case, the equipment of a separate circuit is still required for its heating in the summer.

Water heating of the bath can be carried out on different types of fuel:

Gas. In this case, to warm up the boiler, it is necessary to connect to the general gas supply system and install the appropriate equipment. But many settlements in our time are not gasified. And the use of liquefied fuel in cylinders is a fire hazard.
Electricity. For heating in this way, it is important to correctly calculate the required boiler power. The main advantage is the possibility of installation without a chimney. The disadvantages include the high cost and the need for a three-phase network for a boiler with a power of 12 kW or more.
Firewood. Such an oven is capable of heating all rooms with the highest quality. Wood is the traditional fuel for the steam room. However, the process of harvesting firewood and kindling the stove is quite laborious.

Liquid fuels are not economically viable and are highly flammable. Requires special precautions. Not recommended for bath heating.

After deciding on the type of fuel, select the appropriate stove. The market offers many production models of different quality in a wide price range. However, if you wish, you can build it yourself.

The most efficient and high-quality heating of the bath is possible with a wood-burning stove. Traditionally, a steel or brick structure is installed. In the first case, due to the large heat transfer and the thickness of the walls, the rooms warm up faster. The firebox of a brick oven takes more time, but the heat is stored longer due to the ability of the brick to accumulate it.

Making a water boiler for heating a bath

For these purposes, you can use ordinary cast-iron radiators M-140. We need 12 sections. Each of them has a capacity of 1.5 liters and an area of 0.254 m 2 . The total volume of the structure will be 18 liters, and the area will be 3 m 2.

To use it, you need to convert the radiator according to the following instructions:

We take out cardboard strips between the sections.
We prepare a mixture of drying oil and graphite. We impregnate the asbestos cord with it and lay it instead of gaskets. This will prevent burning at high temperatures.
We wash each section with a six percent hydrochloric acid solution, and then with a large amount of plain water. This is necessary for cleaning from dirt and rust.
We assemble the individual parts into one structure in the reverse order, using nipples with right and left threads on the sides for fixing. The sections will be attracted by the scrolling of the nipple.
When the distance between them reaches two centimeters, we wind the impregnated cord and make the final tightening of the fasteners.

After assembling the structure and waiting for the complete drying of the drying oil, it is necessary to apply liquid under pressure and check the tightness of the joints for the efficient and durable operation of the structure.

Wood-burning stove for a bath with water heating

It is desirable to consider a place for installing the furnace at the construction stage. Due to the heavy weight, an additional foundation is required for the stone structure.

We carry out work on the construction of a wood-burning stove for a bath with water heating in the following sequence:

We dig a pit with a depth of about 0.7 meters. We fall asleep a sand cushion 15 cm thick, spill it with water and carefully tamp. From above we make a layer of broken brick or rubble.
We install wooden formwork along the walls of the pit. We mount the frame from the reinforcement and insert it into the recess.
Pour concrete, leaving 15 cm to the top.
We dismantle the formwork and fill the resulting space with sand.
We cover the upper part with a roll waterproofer in two layers. The best option is ruberoid.
We check the horizontalness of the foundation. Small irregularities can be covered with intermediate dry brickwork.
We make a solution of clay and water, the consistency of thick sour cream. With complete dissolution, add sand in a one-to-one ratio with clay.
We wet the bricks with water and lay the first row tightly, checking the corners and horizontality.
On the third row, we fix the blower door with a galvanized wire or steel strip.
On the fourth - we equip the ash well.
On the sixth - we finally fix the blower door.
On the seventh - we install the grate. The size of the firebox must be calculated taking into account the installation of the boiler. On the first row of the firebox we form a special side and mount the corner. In the side walls we leave 2 openings for the outlet of pipes. Doors for the fuel compartment are best chosen from refractory durable cast iron.
On the eighth row, we build a partition to connect to the chimney and continue this installation until the fourteenth, on which you want to install channels.
We place at an angle halves of bricks from the fifteenth to the eighteenth rows. This will form the basis for the dividing wall.
On the next row, we make a door for the steam vent and lay thin metal strips that connect the twentieth and twenty-first brick rows. After that, close the door frame.
We begin to mount the chimney pipe from the 23rd row, forming channels for heat dissipation.

Please note that the wall inside the fuel compartment and chimney should be as even and smooth as possible. Every five rows you need to wipe the inner surface.

Installation of a boiler for water heating of a bath and piping

The cast-iron structure must be placed behind the firebox chamber. It will heat up not from the flame, but from the gas. To properly install the equipment, follow this procedure:

We place a radiator on pre-made corners, observing a distance to the walls of about 5-6 mm. The gap will compensate for the thermal expansion of the structure.
If the selected pipes for connection to the boiler have seams, then we additionally weld them before installation.
We attach diagonally inch water supply and return pipes. In a place with a right-hand thread, we simply screw the product. On the left - we use a clutch with a drive and a nipple for fixing.
We install the water supply pipe perpendicular to the floor at the top point, and equip the return line in the underground space and connect it from below. This is necessary for improved circulation.
We close the two extra holes of the product with a plug.
When welding pipes together, we remove the chamfer along the cut contour for high-quality filling with a welding seam of the entire thickness and reliable fixation of parts. If the steam room warms up infrequently in winter, then you can pour antifreeze into the system instead of water.

Installation of a water heated floor in a bath with water heating

Although this device will cost more, it is able to warm up the room as quickly and efficiently as possible. Heat goes around the entire perimeter of the room, and not from one source. In this case, the heated air rises.

You can equip underfloor heating in a bath with water heating yourself in this order:

We level the surface, carry out insulation work.
We lay aluminum foil on the rough coating, with a reflective coating overlapping upwards by 15-20 cm. We glue the joints with reinforced tape.
We install a collector cabinet, cutting a hole of 0.6x0.4x0.12 meters at the surface of the flooring.
We put supply and return pipes into it, fix metal shut-off valves to them using compression fittings.
We connect the circulation pump and the splitter. The latter is best equipped with an automatic air vent system and a drain valve.
Along the perimeter, we lay metal-plastic pipes with a diameter of 2 cm or more in a parallel or spiral way with a step of about 0.3 meters. For these purposes, we use clips and clamps. We observe the distance from the nearest wall - 7 cm.
We connect one end of the pipe to the general heating system (supply manifold). We connect the second edge with a return device.
We let in water at a pressure that is one and a half times the working pressure. If the system withstands, and the temperature is uniform everywhere, then we proceed to pouring the cement-sand screed.

The manifold cabinet assembly can be purchased from the respective retailers. Pipes must be selected from quality reputable manufacturers.

Watch a video about water heating baths:

Water heating in a bath is one of the most effective methods of heat supply. It is popular in large steam rooms. You can equip it yourself, but the process is time-consuming, requires strict adherence to the rules. And the combination of such a system with a high heat output of a wood-burning stove will allow you to maintain the optimum temperature in the room for a long time.

The key to a good bath is a properly folded stove. This is perhaps the most important attribute of the bath. It is this heating in the bath that will allow you to heat the room, heat the water for bathing and create steam in the steam room. To heat a large bath, you can install a heating stove. If you don’t know how to make heating in a bath, but decide to build a steam room, a stove-heater is the best option.

Peculiarities

In summer cottages, they build family-type baths for themselves, in which one stove-heater is enough. This type of heating in the bath will take over all the basic functions. It is precisely with this that it is important to observe all the subtleties during the construction of the furnace. The stove-heater is better to make a small one. This will save space. At the same time, its heating time will be minimal, and it will give off heat as long as possible. But the most important thing is what fuel it will be heated with. It is best that the fuel is cheap. Popular - water heating baths.

Steam room - the main room of the bath

High heat capacity will allow you to get good steam for a long time. In addition, dry heat will be used to heat the room and water for washing. To make everything suit you, when making heating in the baths with your own hands, take into account the ratio of the size of the furnace, the room and the purpose of the bath. Make sure that your stay in the baths is as safe as possible for you and your family.

Think over to the smallest detail what materials you will use in the construction of the bath and stove so that they are not flammable. Responsibly approach the issue of ventilation. Whether it is gas heating in the bath or electric - this will allow you not to burn out from combustion products.

The principle of operation of the furnace

Let's talk a little about how the bath heating system will give off heat to the outside. If the heat radiation is maximum, you risk overheating or getting burned. Also, excess heat adversely affects the condition of the skin. In order for the conditions of stay in the bath to be comfortable, the stove must give off heat according to the principle of convection. Hot air comes out of the furnace, and cooled air is supplied.

To achieve this result, the temperature of the furnace walls will be lower. But fold the walls of the bath from materials that will reflect infrared rays as much as possible. Heat accumulates well in the wall and in the stone backfill. In order for the furnace to give off heat for the longest possible time, build its walls thicker.

Types of ovens

Kamenka stoves, which are used for heating baths in winter, can be divided into two categories according to the type of work: permanent and intermittent.

A continuous furnace is characterized by a small wall thickness and a small volume of stones. This type of stove has the ability to regulate the temperature both independently and automatically. In this case, the maximum temperature reaches 350 degrees. To heat this type of stove, it is enough to connect it to electricity. Gas is also suitable as a fuel.

If you decide to use electric bath heating, you can regulate the current strength in the heating elements yourself. Do not forget that when installing the oven, you must install a protective automatic system. If the wall temperature exceeds the permissible values, heating the bath with electricity will automatically stop the supply of electricity.

Also, stoves-heaters of constant action can be heated with coal or wood. Whatever you use to heat stoves, whether it is water heating in a bath, remember that it is important to separate the combustion chamber and smoke channels from the backfill.

To do this, you can use a steel sheet or lay a cast iron tile. Thus, you will prevent the penetration of combustion products into the bathhouse. It is also an excellent protection for stones from soot deposits. The latter, in excess, pollutes the air in the bath.

Ovens-heaters of periodic work are represented by thick masonry and a large volume of bricks. Thick walls will protect the surfaces of the stove from overheating, and for a long time the stove will give off heat.

Such heating in the bath allows you to heat the lower part of the furnace up to 1100 degrees. Working at such a high temperature, there is no soot settling as it burns. To save fuel, use the principle of "black" combustion. In this case, the smoke gases pass through the bath. This type of heating is very dangerous. The surface of the furnace and walls is covered with soot. As for the “white-style” version of the firebox, the firebox compartment is covered with a damper. It is allowed to open it after complete combustion of the fuel.

The most ideal fuel for how to make heating in baths can be firewood. It is not advisable to resort to the use of coal for heating. It is rather difficult to sharply reduce the temperature, which leads to destruction of the internal surfaces in the furnace. And this is a safety violation.

To obtain economically advantageous use of fuel, it is important that it burns completely.

The shutter is closed during combustion, special attention is paid to the air supply. When it enters, water vapor and carbon dioxide are formed. If there is no air supply, soot deposits form, resulting in low heat output. The risk of poisoning by combustion products increases. It is also possible to increase the heat transfer coefficient by heating a larger surface. It is necessary to heat the stove-heater until the walls are heated to the maximum temperature, and dry steam begins to give off.

What are stove stoves? Here are some of their designs. There are solid fuel stoves that are heated with coal and wood. Liquid fuel, kerosene or fuel oil is suitable for them as fuel. There are models of gaseous fuel stoves. For their work, you need to have liquefied or natural gas - heating the bath with gas. Also electric ovens.

In order to maintain a comfortable temperature regime in the main rooms of the bath and provide hot water, it is important to properly organize heating in the bath from a stove located in the steam room, or use alternative sources. At the same time, each owner of the bath will be able to make an autonomous heating system on his own, without involving third-party help.

The need for additional heating

The classic option for heating a steam room for bath procedures is a brick or metal heater. At the same time, additional equipment is used to maintain the set air heating temperature both in the steam room and in other rooms.

It is impossible to provide fast and uniform heating of the dressing room and rest room from the sauna stove.

And if in the summer this does not cause problems, then in the winter a similar situation can lead to a decrease in comfort when organizing a bathhouse holiday. In this case, all the heat produced will be accumulated in the steam room, and other rooms of the bath will remain unheated.

Installation of additional heating equipment will ensure the maintenance of a comfortable temperature necessary for a long stay in the dressing room.

Heating stove-heater

For small-sized baths, the traditional heating option remains the current option. In this case, it is enough to purchase or manufacture a heating unit of the required power.

The calculation of the power of the equipment is determined by the formula: 1 kW of power per 1 sq. m of premises. To ensure a comfortable stay of visitors in the steam room, an additional reserve of thermal power from 35 to 55% is taken into account.

The popularity of the heating heater is due to the following advantages:

ease of installation and maintenance;
availability of operation;
using available fuels.

Giving preference to the sauna stove, do not forget about some of the disadvantages of the device:

impressive dimensions and weight;
inability to automate the process of space heating;
high fire hazard;
formation of fuel combustion products.

Modern heaters run on wood, electricity, liquid and gaseous fuels. The choice of a suitable option depends on the financial capabilities and technical capabilities of the equipment.

To ensure efficient heating of the room, the heating of the bath from the stove in the steam room is done as follows: the firebox is placed in the dressing room, the heater in the steam room, and the tank with warm water in the washing department.

Heating by furnaces with heat exchangers

At the design stage of heating equipment with a heat exchanger, the following data are taken into account:

the dimensions of the building and the area of \u200b\u200bthe premises;
design features of the furnace;
weight of heating equipment;
number of heat exchangers;
coolant volume;
length and diameter of the chimney.

The following options for connecting heating equipment using pipes are possible:

to the expansion tank for hot water supply in the washing compartment;
to heating radiators installed in functional rooms;
to hot water supply and water heating system in the main premises of the bathhouse and residential building.

Heating furnaces are equipped with internal and external heat exchangers. The inner element is located in the furnace, the outer element is located around the chimney.

Electric heating system

Electric heating is the simplest and most affordable option for organizing an autonomous bath heating system. When organizing it, it is worth considering the electrical wiring diagram, the total load on the network and the cross-section of wires for high-quality installation work.

The electric heating system provides for the use of the following types of equipment:

electric stove-heater;
electric convectors;
infrared film;
electrical heating cables.

Modern electric boilers of low power are equipped with automation capable of maintaining a given temperature regime in bath rooms. To heat the bath, it is allowed to use induction, electrode and stepped boilers with heating elements.

The electric heater for a bath can be used as the main and additional source of heating. If possible, it is most convenient to use electric convectors. As in the case of boilers, convectors are equipped with thermostats to maintain the optimum temperature in automatic mode.

The electrical system can be operated all year round without the need for preparation and storage of fuel material. A significant drawback is the high consumption of electricity.

Gas heating system

When connected to a gas main, heating a bath with gas is the fastest and most efficient version of the system.

The system has two implementation options:

traditional heater equipped with a gas burner;
gas boiler with installation of heating radiators and water pipes.

The undoubted advantage of such heating is the absence of unpleasant odors, the formation of soot and soot. At the same time, gas equipment has a compact body, low weight and does not require much space during installation. The power of a standard boiler reaches 45 kW, which is enough to heat a room up to 280 square meters. m.

Water heating system

A practical and affordable way to organize bath heating in winter is to install a water system.

Water is used as a heat carrier, gas, electricity, liquid and solid fuels are used as fuel, a furnace or boiler is used as heating equipment.

Water heating provides for fast and uniform heating of bath rooms with the ability to automatically maintain the set temperature.

There are the following options for arranging water heating:

Radiator heating. Provides for laying pipes along the walls, to which water radiators or convectors of the appropriate size and power are connected. Hot coolant from the boiler moves inside the system, providing space heating.
Floor heating. Its principle of operation is similar to that in the previous version. The only difference is that the installation of pipes is carried out in a concrete base after its preliminary insulation and waterproofing. This design is of a non-separable type, therefore, it requires compliance with the installation technology.

Underfloor heating system

Modern floor heating systems are represented by electric and water. Water floors are an economical and affordable way to heat rooms, requiring high-quality installation, since it is quite difficult to repair such a system.

To heat a rest room, dressing room or washing room, it is enough to install underfloor heating. All work can be done by hand. To do this, it is necessary to select pipes of a suitable diameter, calculate the operating resistance of the heating circuit and the required pump power, taking into account the area of \u200b\u200bthe room.

Underfloor heating can be combined with radiator, electric and air heating.

Heating system from a heating main

A private bath can be directly connected to the central heating main. To organize a similar option for heating the bath, you will need to install an additional circuit.

The connection of the circuit to the heating main is carried out in accordance with the design documentation and permits obtained from the relevant authorities.

The choice of such an option is fraught with some difficulties:

the likelihood of accumulation of groundwater in places where pipes are laid;
the need for additional insulation of the heating main;
the need for professional installers.

Alternative and mixed heating options

Alternative options for heating the bath are becoming in demand. These include the following types of equipment:

heaters - ceramic and infrared;
boilers - pyrolysis, pellet, diesel, long burning;
baseboard and ceiling heaters.

In cases where the bath is rarely used, a good option is to equip a mixed heating system: a wood-burning stove combined with electric heating; pellet boiler with electric convectors. One type of equipment provides space heating for bathing procedures, the other - hot water supply and additional heating.

Combined bath and house heating system

If the residential building is connected to a central heating system, it is recommended to install auxiliary equipment for heating the bath.

Thus, the heating main from the house to the bathhouse is a practical and economical way of heating residential and functional premises.

In this case, the connection of the bath to the heating system from the house is carried out through insulated pipes laid underground. In the bath, they are connected to heating radiators or convectors installed in all functional rooms. A sauna stove is used to heat the steam room and the washing department.

With a small distance from the heating equipment installed in the house to the bath room, heat losses in such a system are insignificant.

In this case, the heating main of a residential building can be used for additional heating of the bath, helping to maintain a comfortable temperature regime in the winter. This will eliminate the possible freezing of sewer, water pipes and buildings.

The choice of a suitable heating system depends on the design features of the bath and the financial capabilities of the owner.

Some owners prefer traditional electric or wood-burning heaters, which provide gentle and even heating of the premises. Others choose combined systems or advanced heating technologies.

But if you know how to make heating in the bath, following the rules and recommendations, the operation of the building is possible throughout the year under any climatic conditions.

A bath is a room specially equipped for washing a person, in which the main factors influencing the body are not only water, but also hot air and steam. Today everyone without exception knows about the benefits of a bath and its healing effect. There are several types of baths

Russian steam room

Finnish sauna

Turkish hammam, etc.

The most widespread in our country are the Russian steam bath and the Finnish sauna, the simplicity of the design of which makes it possible to build them in private homes and summer cottages.

Baths can be located in the premises of the main house, but more often separate buildings are made for them, consisting of a steam room, a washing or shower room and a dressing room. Depending on the area of the bath (with its minimum size), the washing compartment can be combined with the steam room, and there is no dressing room at all.

Another option is also possible, in which a small pool with cold water is additionally arranged in the bath, a font is installed, a dousing device is mounted, etc.

Requirements for the heating system in the bath

The heating system in the bath should provide for the needs for heat, hot water and steam, without which neither a Russian steam room, nor a sauna, nor a Turkish hammam is inconceivable. At the same time, heating in the bath should be efficient, safe and economical, and the need for thermal energy arises periodically, only for the duration of the visit to the bath.

In addition, the heat in the bath is not ordinary, but high-temperature. So, for example, in the steam room of a Finnish bath, it is customary to maintain a temperature of at least 80C, and in a Russian steam room even higher: 100 degrees Celsius or more.

A conventional heating boiler with a radiator system will not cope with this task. It can only be used for heating the dressing room and organizing hot water supply. In the steam room you need to install a special sauna stove.

Types of sauna stoves and their features

Most often, wood-burning stoves are used to heat the bath. It is they that allow you to admire the view of an open flame, enjoy the crackling of logs, while feeling the aroma of real wood smoke. An alternative to a wood-burning stove is a gas stove, which, in principle, has the same design, but is designed to burn not wood, but gas.

For lovers of comfort, special electric sauna stoves are produced.

It should be noted that the modern sauna equipment market is simply amazing with a variety of stoves, among which the Finnish-made stoves Harvia, Helo and Kastor are in the lead. Russian stoves are represented by the trademarks Termofor, Izhkomtsentr VVTs, Greyvari and many others.

However, choosing a good sauna stove is not as easy as it might seem at first glance. A traditional sauna stove should quickly heat the steam room and provide steam generation in it. In fact, the functions of a sauna stove can be divided into 2 components: vaporization and space heating.

vaporization

In most cases, steam in the bath is obtained in a simple way: a ladle of water is thrown onto the surface of a red-hot furnace. It is clear that such sudden temperature changes, in combination with the humid environment of the bath, adversely affect the surface of the furnace and destroy it.

Therefore, for steam generation in the bath, natural stones are used, which are heated on the surface of the stove, placing them in a special compartment called a heater. Hence the name of the sauna stove "Kamenka".

As bath stones, pieces of hard and durable rock, usually of volcanic origin, are used, which do not contain impurities that are dangerous to human health. Preference is given to jadeite, raspberry quartzite and jade, which are resistant to temperature extremes and high heat capacity, which (according to the assurances of experienced bathers), make the steam especially high-quality and healing.

Pieces of rock placed in the stove heater accumulate thermal energy, the supply of which ensures efficient steam generation. Hot stones prevent water from entering the furnace body, thereby protecting it from corrosion.

For more efficient, and most importantly, constant steam generation, some manufacturers (for example, the Russian company Termofor) have provided elements in the design of their furnaces that are simple models of steam generators.

Steam room heating

As already mentioned, the temperature in the steam room must be maintained at a level close to 100 C. For this, furnaces with enhanced heat transfer are used, transferring heat to the environment by convection and radiation. However, too strong (burning) thermal radiation is not welcome in the bath. It does not contribute to comfort, although it provides the much-desired heat in the steam room.

The problem is solved simply: the casing of the “correct” sauna stove is made in the form of a convector, which provides heating for ascending air flows. In this case, the outer surface of the casing is cooled, which makes the thermal radiation of the furnace softer and more comfortable.

As a result, a relatively small modern sauna stove will quickly heat up the steam room and provide the necessary amount of steam.

Furnaces with a convector are often lined with natural stone. This is beautiful, and besides, it helps to increase the thermal inertia of the device.

The steam room was heated. And what to do with the antechamber?

To heat the dressing room, you can use a separate stove, or you can install a stove with an extended fuel channel in the bathhouse, designed to heat two adjacent rooms. In such a device, the body (an array of the furnace) is located in the steam room, and the firebox is placed in the dressing room. As a rule, the heat coming through the furnace window is quite enough to heat it.

For those who would like to enjoy the view of an open flame, they make stoves with an enlarged furnace window, the so-called "fireplace stoves". The oven door is made translucent.

If the steam room is heated by an electric stove, electric heaters are used to heat the dressing room. Particularly good for these purposes are infrared devices mounted on the ceiling, as well as underfloor heating.

Furnaces with an extended fuel channel are considered more convenient and safer. Their use takes the process of laying firewood outside the steam room. For those who would like to see the flame of the stove both in the dressing room and in the steam room, Kastor has developed a special model with a translucent back wall Incendo 20.

Problems of hot water supply in the bath

To heat the water in the bath, stoves with heat exchangers are used, as well as stoves with built-in tanks for heating water. The tank can be purchased separately and installed, for example, on a chimney.

Furnaces with heat exchangers are more convenient and efficient. They work in the same way as a conventional water heater. To ensure the supply of hot water, you need to install a storage tank.

Sauna stove selection

Furnaces for baths and saunas can have different power from 2 kW to 40 kW or more. They are selected depending on the area of the steam room and the tasks that are planned to be solved with their help. This takes into account that a furnace with a heat exchanger must have more power than a conventional heat unit to provide heat for the steam room, because part of the energy it generates will be spent on heating water.

Video instruction - how to choose bath heating in the example

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Heating baths with their own hands | Construction portal

The first association that each of us has with the word "bath" is warmth. It is here that you can really warm up in severe frosts and relieve fatigue from strained muscles. Regardless of the size, design and finish of the sauna, its heart is the stove-heater. It is she who provides the heat in the steam room and a comfortable temperature in the rest of the rooms. In order to organize the heating of the bath with your own hands, you first need to decide on the choice of the furnace, and then study the technology of its installation and maintenance. Proper thermal insulation of the room is also of great importance. Whatever the oven, it is important that the heat does not escape through the walls and ceiling.

Choosing a stove for a bath

When choosing a stove for a bath, you need to consider a number of criteria. Let's deal with each of them separately.

Operating principle

There are continuous and intermittent furnaces for heating baths (drawings of some models can be found below). In devices of the first type, it is necessary to maintain the combustion of fuel throughout the entire period of use of the steam room. The second is enough to heat in advance.

Furnace material

There are a lot of materials for the device of the heater, but only two of them are the most common - brick and steel.

Most often, brick kilns are built with periodic action, although there are also models that imply constant burning. Their advantages can be safely attributed to the long-term maintenance of a high temperature in the room. But such an oven also warms up for a long time - more than 5 hours. So if you want to take a steam bath in the evening, you need to start heating in the afternoon. But then you can relax and have fun - the bath heating system will no longer require your attention.

The disadvantages of such a furnace can only be attributed to the high cost. For its device, you will need the services of an experienced stove-maker, and they are not cheap. Also, the price will be affected by the need to lay a sufficiently powerful foundation, which is due to the large weight of the brick heater.

Metal furnaces for a bath most often work on the principle of constant action.

The fact is that the walls of such a device are quite thin, which means they cool quickly. Therefore, to ensure full heating in the bath, it is necessary to maintain the combustion process all the time. However, a bath with a metal stove warms up much faster than with a brick one - about 2 hours in the cold season. Such a heater is perfect for small baths with a light foundation.

Type of fuel

Another important criterion is the choice of fuel type. Many people think that you need to heat the bath only with firewood. There is some truth in this, of course. The combustion of wood provides a unique aroma and special warmth. But, you see, storing firewood for heating a bath is quite troublesome. It's much easier to just press a button or open a gas supply valve.

Today on sale you can find heaters on all types of fuel: gas, electric, wood and even liquid fuel. There are also multi-fuel models. In addition, if you have a certain experience and a great desire to make such an oven, you can do it yourself.

Of course, you need to proceed from what is more accessible and cheaper. So:

firewood - traditional, but troublesome;
electricity - convenient and publicly available, but expensive;
liquid fuel - flammable, inconvenient and quite expensive;
gas is relatively cheap, convenient, but, unfortunately, not always available.

How to make heating in the bath

As a rule, the only source of heat in the bath is the heater. The only exceptions are large bath complexes, which include not only a steam room and dressing room, but also a relaxation room, a billiard room and a large swimming pool. In such premises, the heating system is not much different from the usual in-house, and the heater (most often electric) heats only the steam room.

If we talk about a classic bath, then the stove in it must be installed so that it warms up all the rooms to the required temperature, and the water tank is located closer to the washing room.

The “through” arrangement of the furnace can be considered ideal. In this case, it is installed so that the firebox door is in the dressing room, the heater is in the steam room, and the water tank is in the washing room. For such an installation, a metal stove with a side heater is best suited. It looks like this:

A - hot water outlet;

B - cold water inlet;

B - junction with the chimney;

G - firebox;

D - blower;

E is a stone.

And it is located in the room like this:

a - cold water inlet;

b - hot water outlet;

c - firebox;

d - a stone.

In this case, all combustible elements of the walls must be protected by refractory material.

It should be noted that a furnace of this design can also be built of brick, but it will take up much more space.

Another fairly practical option is a stove with a remote tank and an open heater. Its design provides for installation in the furnace of the register for heating water. Such a scheme for heating the bath and heating water for washing allows you to avoid premature boiling of the liquid in the tank and the appearance of raw steam in the still unheated room.

It should be noted that the lower edge of the tank must be located at least half a meter above the level of the register.

Whatever design of the oven you choose, you must strictly follow the rules for its installation.

Rules for installing a metal furnace

The base for the stove must be non-combustible. It can be made from fireclay bricks, sheet metal or concrete. For beauty, such a base can be tiled.
The firebox door should be directed to the opposite corner.
The floor in front of the firebox must not be combustible. If the base is made of wood, it is necessary to cover it with a sheet of metal, at least 60 cm wide.

It is better to overlay a metal furnace with a brick. This will not only protect you from burns on a hot surface, but also serve as a decoration.

It can be a good helper for those who independently organize the heating of the bath - instructions for the heater. It, as a rule, indicates the required distance from the furnace to the wall and describes the method of organizing the chimney.

Rules for installing a brick oven

Given the rather large weight of a brick oven, it is important to provide it with a solid foundation - a reinforced reinforced concrete foundation.

An experienced stove-maker is best at building such a heater, but if you have some skills in this matter and decide to take on it yourself, take into account the following recommendations:

Some features of gas bath heating

Given the possibility of leakage and the explosion hazard of gas, special requirements are imposed on furnaces using this type of fuel:

The stove must be equipped with an automatic device that will stop the gas supply if the flame goes out.
A common line can be used to supply natural gas, but an individual line must be arranged for butane and propane.
For gas heating baths, the same fire safety rules apply as for metal stoves on other types of fuel.

Chimney organization

Bathhouses have not been heated “in a black way” for a long time, which means that the installation of a heater requires the correct organization of the removal of combustion products. To install the chimney, you will need the following items:

ceiling-through node;
"flash" - passage through the roof;
"umbrella";
sandwich pipe.

The sandwich pipe is connected to the outlet of the furnace, and a ceiling-through assembly is installed in the place where it passes through the ceiling.

Important! Despite the fact that the design of the sandwich pipe provides a layer of heat-insulating material, it may not be enough to prevent the ignition of the ceiling covering. When organizing gas heating in a bath, you should not save on additional protection of the chimney exit to the street. This can lead to irreparable consequences.

The outer edge of the pipe must be closed with an "umbrella", which will protect it from rain and snow.

All stages of installing the heater and installing the chimney are shown in the video:

That's all the basic rules. Remember, no matter what type of heating devices you choose, the main thing is to ensure the safety of their use.

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Heating in the bath

There are special requirements for heating in the bath. This is due to the fact that in the steam room it is necessary to provide a high temperature (more than 100 ° C). An ordinary heating boiler cannot cope with such a task (it is simply not designed for this), for this you need a sauna stove, which was originally adapted to produce high-temperature heat. Well, the boiler, if necessary, can serve as an additional source of energy for heating utility rooms and hot water supply.

Wooden bath on two floors.

Before talking about heating options in the bath, you should decide on the following issues:

Where will the bathhouse be located, namely: in the house in the form of a separate room, next to the house or at a considerable distance from it in the form of a separate structure;
Bath type: Russian, Finnish, Turkish, etc.;
The size and layout of the areas (steam room, locker room, rest room, shower room, etc.);
Frequency of use (year-round or seasonal);
Priorities (what is at the forefront: the level of comfort or financial performance).

Of no small importance are infrastructural aspects, such as the availability of a stable power supply, gas communications, and fuel resources. It often happens that the type of heating becomes obvious immediately after the final decision is made, taking into account all the above factors. But still it often happens that you have to choose from several alternatives, which are outlined below.

brick oven

A good option for heating a bath with a spacious steam room, which allows you to solve several problems at once: get high-quality (soft) steam, hot water and heat adjacent rooms of a small area. Such a furnace does not heat up quickly, but it retains heat for a long time after the end of the firebox. You can heat the stove either with wood or coal (the classic way), or with electricity or gas (main or bottled).

Brick oven for a bath with water heating.

Since the main purpose of the stove is to generate steam, it is naturally placed in the steam room. However, a zealous owner will definitely take care of its fullest use and ease of use. For example, the location of the furnace opening in the dressing room, and the water tank in the washing room (if any) makes it possible to heat (main or additional) utility rooms.

Unfortunately, a brick oven is not a cheap pleasure. Firstly, you need a solid foundation, secondly, a special refractory brick, and thirdly, a qualified master (stove-maker). In total, these costs will amount to a decent amount.

Stove-heater

The stove got its name because vaporization occurs by splashing water on hot natural stones, laid in a compartment specially designated for this. Furnaces of this type are very diverse both in design, and in the material used, and in the type of fuel.

Heating baths from the stove in the steam room.

In terms of layout, the stove can be of open or closed type. In the first case, the container for storing stones has open access, in the second case it is closed with a lid. An open heater warms up the steam room quite quickly and gives high temperature dry steam (over 100°C). A closed heater spends more time and fuel to warm up the room, and the steam is more humid and less hot. But such a furnace cools down much more slowly, retaining heat for a long time. From the foregoing, it follows that an open heater is better suited for a sauna, and a closed one is better for a Russian bath.

As for the material, here the choice is limited to either brick or heat-resistant steel. A steel oven will be cheaper and easier to operate, but it will also cool down faster. To equalize the pros and cons of both options, they often resort to a combined structure, in which there is both brickwork and metal elements. In particular, you can enclose a brick heater in a metal frame, you can install a metal firebox, or vice versa, the firebox of a steel stove can be lined with bricks from the inside.

Modern stoves are produced for almost any type of energy resource: wood, gas, electricity. The main thing is that they, with maximum efficiency, provide heating to a high temperature of the stone material, which serves both to generate steam and to retain heat.

Special requirements are imposed on the properties of stones: when heated, they should not emit substances harmful to human health and at the same time have a high calorific value. Such natural stones include jadeite, gabbro-diabase, basalt, white quartz, etc.

Ariston ABS PRO ECO 80V - hot water boiler for heating the rest room of the bath.

Heating of additional premises

The heat capacity of the sauna stove may not be enough to heat the adjacent rooms of the bath, such as a dressing room, a rest room, etc. For a bath inside the house, this problem is not worth it: these areas are simply connected to the general heating system. If we are talking about a free-standing bath, then here this issue is usually solved by installing additional heating devices, such as radiators, convectors, infrared heaters, etc. With small sizes of adjacent rooms, it is advisable to use a chimney-convector that uses the heat of the exhaust gases and does not require auxiliary energy sources.

Heating of the rest room in the bath.

For a free-standing bath, in addition to installing auxiliary heaters, a promising option may be to supply heat from a house in which a heating system is already operating. However, two important points must be taken into account here: is the boiler power reserve sufficient to “pull” the heating in the bathhouse as well, and is it possible to stretch the heating main from the house to the bathhouse. If the answer to both questions is yes, such a heating scheme deserves attention: it may turn out to be more economical than other options due to the lack of the need to purchase or build additional energy sources. But it should be borne in mind that if the heating main is too long and, moreover, not well insulated, large heat losses will negate the resulting savings.

Video

heating-guide.com

Do-it-yourself high-quality bath heating

Some useful tips for installing a sauna stove
Heating systems for permanent use baths
Water and infrared floor device

The benefits of a bath are well known, so a bath in a house or on a site has become a common occurrence. When choosing heating for a waiting room and a steam room, one should take into account the expected number of people who want to take a steam bath and the possibility of using one or another type of fuel.

Scheme of water heating.

A heater for heating and steam - an option for small baths

If the bath room is small and is used only for its intended purpose, then the sauna stove will be enough for both the steam room and the dressing room. Making heating in such a bath is easy even with your own hands.

It is very important not to make a mistake with the choice of the heater. A variety of ready-made bath heaters allows you to choose exactly the device that you need.

The power of the sauna stove is selected according to the area, for each m² there must be at least 1 kW, moreover, it is necessary to have a reserve of 50%, which will make it possible to use the bath in severe frosts. If the room provides support for positive temperature, then there is no need for a reserve.

Sauna stoves can run on different types of fuel, and although it is traditionally believed that a sauna should be fired with wood, this is not always justified. Often, harvesting firewood, especially if you do it yourself, takes a lot of time and effort. It is most convenient to use electricity, but this is the most expensive heating option. Natural gas is a minimum of labor costs and relative cheapness, however, the possibility of connecting to the main line is far from always available. Liquefied gas will cost more. Liquid fuels are expensive, inconvenient to use and dangerous. Having selected the stove according to the power and type of fuel or having bought a multi-fuel model, you can start installing it yourself.

Scheme of installation of the heating system.

Since there are usually three rooms in the bath: a dressing room, a steam room and a washing room, the best option when installing a stove with your own hands is the option in which the firebox is in the dressing room, the heater is in the steam room, and the container with heated water is in the washing room. Existing models with a side-mounted heater will provide just such a configuration of the heating elements of the stove.

When building walls in a bath, combustible materials (wood, insulation) are very often used, so when installing a bath stove with your own hands, one should not forget about fire safety. A refractory material is laid between the walls and the furnace. The stove is installed on a steel sheet with non-combustible thermal insulation, and if it is fired with wood, then the same heat-insulated sheet is required in front of the furnace door. The pipe is led out through a ceiling device made of sheet steel and having a hole of the appropriate diameter. The installation of the furnace is carried out before finishing work begins.

A steel heater warms up a room very quickly, but requires constant burning, since it has practically no ability to accumulate heat. The heat from this type of heater is harsh, ventilation will be needed to create more comfortable conditions.

A sauna stove made of brick has a number of advantages. Thick brick walls accumulate heat, gradually giving it to the room. The process of warming up the bath takes a long time, but the heat lasts a long time, and there is no need for continuous burning. It is difficult to make a brick heater with your own hands, even with some building skills. It is better to entrust the masonry to a qualified stove-maker, but you can make a reinforced concrete foundation for the stove on your own.

Many people believe that this is one of the best places to cheer up and heal diseases. Coming here, people tend not only to have a good wash, but also to have a pleasant evening. That is why you should be attentive to all the details, because even the slightest flaw can nullify the whole effect and cause a feeling of discomfort.

To a greater extent, attention should be paid to issues related to high-quality heating, because a cold bath, in which icy air blows from all corners, is far from the most pleasant place.

Cozy bath interior

The bath includes, basically, two rooms: a dressing room and a steam room. The first is for resting and changing clothes, and the second is for washing. For the construction of a bath, only high-quality materials should be used, the reliability and durability of the future building depend on them.

In most cases, which do an excellent job of being the main source of heat in the room. At the same time, it is worth mentioning right away that for the arrangement of the furnace it is desirable to use only peeled stones, the diameter of which reaches 10 centimeters. To reach the optimum temperature in the room, it takes at least two hours to melt such a stove, during which you will have to periodically throw up firewood.

The bath is a wooden building with a high level of humidity in the premises. As you know, wood that is regularly exposed to water can become unusable in a very short time. Because of this, unpleasant odors may appear in the bath, and the building itself will need repairs in the future.

To avoid this, issues related to its high-quality heating should be resolved in advance. At the same time, it is desirable not to be limited to only one stove, but to supplement it with various heating systems, which, moreover, will significantly reduce the period of warming up the premises before taking water procedures.

For safety reasons, in such a damp room as a bathhouse, it is allowed to use one or two heating radiators, which must be connected to the heating system of a residential building. In addition, there are several other options for heating the bath, the choice of which depends only on your requirements and wishes.

Heating radiators in the bath

Heating baths in winter with warm floors

Today, when heating the floor in a bath, expanded clay, felt and other materials are often used. A layer of insulation is placed between the lags or layers of building concrete. The width of the insulator should be within 15 centimeters. It should be noted that thanks to the use of expanded clay insulation, you can additionally make an exhaust hood in the steam room.

To install electric underfloor heating in a bath, a layer of heat-insulating material must be fixed on a smooth and completely clean floor.

This is followed by the installation of a special steel mesh that separates the eyeliner from the coating. After that, guide rails are installed along which the electric wire passes, and then the connection to the thermostat follows.

Learn more about sauna stoves and indoor thermal insulation here.

Bath heating with convectors

Heating convectors often operate from various energy sources. This ensures a high level of reliability and ease of use. Thanks to them, you can create a completely autonomous heating system in the room. Today, electric convectors that are mounted on walls are very popular. They are ideal for small spaces.

Heating in the bath with convectors

Bath boilers

The modern construction market offers a very large selection of boilers for heating baths. For this reason, before buying a particular model, it is advisable to get professional advice in advance. So you can study all the features of the design of the bath and be able to make the right choice.

If the bathhouse was built from foam blocks, then the boiler is placed in a special room. The air temperature in it should not exceed the temperature in the steam room itself. Be sure to monitor the level of humidity. For safety reasons, this room should be clutter free, clean and well ventilated.

The principle of operation of the bath boiler

The heating boiler is selected depending on what fuel will be used. The gas model is ideal if natural gas is supplied to the house. Diesel or solid fuel is quite expensive.

The most profitable options in such cases will be firewood, peat and coal, but they have one definite drawback: when using them, you need to constantly clean the boiler from contamination. The biggest advantage of a diesel engine is that thanks to it the boiler works smoothly for a long time.

Now manufacturers offer boilers that operate simultaneously on two types of fuel. However, their level of efficiency is still low. For this reason, it is better to purchase a standard boiler that runs on one type of fuel.

Gas heating boilers

If gas is supplied to your site, then, without a doubt, one of the best heating options will be to use a gas boiler, because in this case you will not have to think about purchasing fuel.

In addition, you will be relieved of problems with unpleasant odors and soot (if you smell gas, then immediately call a specialist: your boiler is damaged). The gas boiler itself is small in size, so it takes up very little space. Its weight does not exceed 50 kg, and its power can reach up to 40 kW, thanks to which a small boiler can easily heat a room with an area of 300 m2.

Gas is a very explosive substance, therefore it is better not to install the boiler with your own hands, but to entrust this work to specialists.

Electric heating boilers

Electric boilers for baths are environmentally friendly. They do not need to equip a ventilation system and fuel supply, in addition, they easily adjust to the desired air temperature. Perhaps the only drawback of this type of boiler is that they consume too much electricity.

Solid fuel heating boilers

Solid fuel boilers can maintain the required temperature in the steam room for a long time, but at the same time they are not able to do this automatically, as they need timely fuel supply. In addition, they need to be cleaned from time to time.

Boiler manufacturers are constantly inventing all sorts of innovations designed to increase the safety of boilers, their efficiency and reliability, as well as ease of operation. Heaters are installed in such a way that it is possible to extract maximum energy with a uniform distribution of fuel combustion. Most modern solid fuel boilers have cooling circuits that protect the device from overheating.