Advice for parents "The jump rope is the best friend of the children."
Author - Arshikova N.V.
MBDOU "DSKV No. 102", Bratsk.
Physical education instructor.
Jumping rope, of course, will never become an Olympic sport. Nevertheless, jumping rope is one of the most effective exercises that combines aerobic continuous long running, athletic power, dance aesthetics and reminds us of childhood hobbies. Rope jumping contributes to the development of accuracy and speed, the coordination of one's movements with the speed and direction of the rope's movements.
Jumping rope is used to warm up, strengthen the muscles of the legs, improve coordination and mobility of the feet, they develop both aerobic and anaerobic capabilities of the body. This is an excellent means of training the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, developing general endurance and coordination of movements, a form of motor activity available to everyone, including children. You can jump rope both indoors and outdoors.
How to choose the right jump rope for a child?
The rope should be no thinner than 0.8 or 0.9 cm. If it is too thin (and therefore light), it will be difficult to twist it, if the rope is thick, then it will be difficult to twist it.
Determining the individual length of the rope is actually very simple. The child should take it by the handles, step on the middle with his foot and pull it. If the ends of the rope reach the armpits, the length is chosen correctly. If it turned out to be longer, the rope needs to be shortened, since when jumping with a rope that is too long, it is difficult for children to control movements. When shortening it, you cannot tie knots on it, since when moving, they can hit the body painfully and will not give pleasure.
Handle Grip Technique
You need to hold on to the handles of the rope freely, without tension, with your fingers forward, the rope itself should hang from the outside of the hands. The handles of the rope should be directed down, clamped between the thumbs and the rest of the fingers of the hand.
Recommendations: every time during training, check the correct grip of the rope.
Rope rotation technique
Remember, you need to rotate the rope only with the hands of slightly bent arms, and not with the whole arm. At the same time, the elbows should be lowered and, together with the shoulder joints, only support rotation.
Suggestions: Teach your kids to just throw the rope back and forth at first with their arms out to the sides! Gradually, the children themselves will begin to ensure that their arms are slightly bent at the elbows. The faster the rope rotates, the more intensively the hands work. With slow movement of the rope, the arms are slightly spread apart.
Rope jumping technique
It is necessary to start training with jumps in place, without moving forward or backward. It is very important to ensure that the arms, slightly bent at the elbows, are located at the sides. The torso must be kept straight, while maintaining the correct posture, as this affects free breathing, which should not be held when jumping.
You should gradually achieve easy and soft jumping. To do this, you need to pull your toes, land first on your toes, then for a short time lower yourself on the entire foot.
Recommendations: special attention should be paid to landing. You need to land with slightly bent knees on the balls of your fingers. Push off with your big toes, trying not to come off high from the floor (10-20 cm from the floor is enough). Each foot must land in its place. Do not forget about the breaks between jumps to restore breathing.
How to teach jumping rope?
You can introduce children to the rope from the age of 3. First, give the opportunity to simply run under a rotating rope, step over it, twist the rope yourself ...
At 4-5 years old, children already jump over the rope in convenient ways: stepping from foot to foot or jumping on 2 legs.
At 5-6 years old, children jump in different ways: on the spot and on the move, outdoor and group games, relay races and competitions with individual jumps appear.
Jumping rope is hard, tiring work. Therefore, you should not demand much from the child, try to present children with a variety of games and exercises, avoiding monotonous training.
Warnings!!!
It must be remembered that not all children can jump rope. Children with heart disease or ailments in which high pulse rates are unacceptable should not be taken.
The danger of injury when jumping rope is small, but it is still important to choose the right shoes - light and comfortable. In order to avoid stretching the calf muscles and ankle ligaments, you need to perform special exercises with rotation of the ankle joint, twisting of the feet, for the muscles of the toes, etc.
Literature
Physical culture instructor №5 2012
Applied and health-improving gymnastics: Teaching aid / ed. J.E. Firileva, A.N. Kisly, O.V. Zagryadskaya. - St. Petersburg: LLC "PUBLISHING HOUSE "CHILDHOOD-PRESS", M., shopping center "SPHERE", 2012. - 608s.
Attached files
Health-saving technology is an integral system of educational and health-improving, corrective and preventive measures that are carried out in the process of interaction between a child and a teacher, a child and parents, a child and a doctor.
The purpose of health-saving educational technologies is to provide the child with the opportunity to maintain health, to form in him the necessary knowledge, skills and abilities for a healthy lifestyle, to teach him to use the acquired knowledge in everyday life.
Fairy tale therapy is one of the types of health-saving technologies. It is an innovative method in working with children, which allows you to gently and unobtrusively influence the child with the help of a fairy tale, while solving a variety of tasks at all stages of his education and development. Fairy tale therapy for preschool children: types of fairy tale therapy.
There are the following types of fairy tales:
- didactic: the child is told about new concepts (home, nature, family, rules of conduct in society);
- artistic: acquaintance of the child with the aesthetic principles, traditions of mankind;
- preventive: fairy tales for reading, serving the accumulation of knowledge by the child;
meditative: forms a positive state of the baby (e.g. before bed).
The most popular method of fairy tale therapy is used by teachers of preschool institutions, as it helps:
- to educate, develop and teach children productive skills of interaction with other people, to establish mutual understanding in the children's team
- develop speech and higher mental functions: thinking, memory, imagination.
In my work with children, I use elements of fairy tale therapy, taking into account their age characteristics.
In the atmosphere of a fairy tale, children become liberated, become more open to the perception of reality, and show great interest in performing various tasks. Through the use of a fairy tale, its storylines, we can solve many correctional tasks, such as: reducing excessive motor activity, normalizing the emotional and speech state of the child, getting rid of our own fears.
Features of fairy tale therapy when working with children
The main methods of fairy tale therapy
- Telling a fairy tale.
- Fairy tale drawing.
- Fairy tale diagnostics.
- Story writing.
- Making dolls.
- Fairy tale setting.
The narrator is required to fulfill the following conditions:
- when reading or telling, genuine emotions and feelings should be transmitted;
- while reading or telling, you should position yourself in front of the child so that he can see the face of the psychologist and observe gestures, facial expressions, the expression of his eyes, exchange glances with him;
- long pauses should not be allowed.
- any fairy tale can be offered to the child, it must be read aloud. - A fairy-tale situation that is given to a child must meet certain requirements:
- the situation should not have a correct ready-made answer (principle "openness" ) ;
- the situation should contain an actual problem for the child, "encrypted" in the figurative series of a fairy tale;
- situations and questions should be constructed and formulated in such a way as to encourage the child to independently build and trace cause-and-effect relationships.
- Fairy tales must be appropriate for the age of the child.
- After reading the story, discuss it with your child. Depending on the content, questions about the tale can be something like this:
- What is the tale about?
- What do you remember the most?
- What heroes do you remember? Why?
- What happened to this or that character?
- What feelings arose while reading? What moments were you happy? Which ones are sad? Was anyone sorry?
- What feelings, what mood after the fairy tale?
- Does this happen in real life?
- Have you experienced similar situations?
- What can we learn from this tale?
- How can you apply the acquired knowledge in life?
There are many possibilities for this method of art therapy: with the help of it, you can help not only a child, but also an adult. In addition to the transfer of experience, the meaning of life, understanding "what is good and what is bad" , fairy tale therapy helps the baby in solving his psychological problems: it relieves not only fears, but is also used for aggressive children, copes with speech disorders. This technique will help the baby feel more confident in adulthood.
Consultation for teachers, parents Use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the pedagogical process. "Fairy tale therapy as a means for the personal development of a preschooler" Consultation for teachers, parents Kolodina A.I. - teacher-psychologist, MBDOU d / s KV 19 "Bell" p. Sheregesh
The most that the genre of a fairy tale can “afford” is a hint of how best to act in this or that Life situation. The events of a fairytale story naturally And logically follow one from the other. Thus, the child perceives and assimilates the causal relationships that exist in this world. lack of didactics
The main character in a fairy tale is a collective image. The names of the main characters are repeated from fairy tale to fairy tale: Ivanushka, Alyonushka, Marya ... The absence of rigid personification helps the child to identify himself with the main character. On the example of the fate of fairy-tale heroes, a child can trace the consequences of a particular life choice of a person. lack of clear personifications
Each fairy-tale situation has many facets and meanings. A child, reading a fairy tale, unconsciously takes out for himself the meaning that is most relevant to him at the moment. Due to the versatility of meanings, the same fairy tale can help a child in different periods of his life to solve problems that are relevant to him. figurativeness and metaphorical language
The hallmark of a true fairy tale is a happy ending. This gives the child a sense of psychological security. No matter what happens in a fairy tale, everything ends well. It turns out that all the trials that befell the heroes were needed in order to make them stronger and wiser. On the other hand, the child sees that the hero who has committed a bad deed will definitely get what he deserves.
A fairy tale is like a living organism - everything breathes in it, at any moment any object - even a stone - can come to life and speak. This feature of the fairy tale is very important for the development of the child's psyche. Reading or listening to a story. The child is "implanted" in the story. He can identify himself not only with the main character, but also with other animated characters. At the same time, the child's ability to decenter, to take the place of another, develops. presence of mystery and magic
1) Household (for example, "The Fox and the Crane"); 2) Fairy tales-riddles (stories for quick wit, stories of a cunning one); 3) Tales-fables that clarify some situation or moral norm; 4) Horror stories, stories about evil spirits; 5) Fairy tales; 6) Fairy tales about the interaction of people and animals; 7) Parables (stories about wise people or entertaining situations); 8) Tales about animals; mythological plots (including stories about heroes); 9) Fairy tales, with transformations (“Geese-swans” ...) Fairy tales are divided into traditional (folk) and author's.
Children 3-5 years old are most understandable and close to fairy tales about animals and fairy tales about the interaction of people and animals. At this age, children often identify themselves with animals, easily transform into them, copying their behavior. From the age of 5, the child identifies himself mainly with human characters: Princes, Princesses, Soldiers, etc. The older the child becomes, the more he enjoys reading stories and fairy tales about people, because these stories contain a story about how a person learns world. From about 5-6 he prefers fairy tales. Each group of fairy tales has its own age children's audience.
1) Analysis of fairy tales. The goal is awareness, interpretation of what is behind each fairy-tale situation, behind the construction of the plot. Behind the behavior of the characters. 2) Telling stories. The technique helps to work out such moments as the development of fantasy, imagination, and the ability to decenter. 3) Rewriting fairy tales. This makes sense when the child does not like the plot, the turn of events, situations, the end of the fairy tale, etc. for some reason. 4) Staging fairy tales with the help of puppets. Working with a doll allows you to improve and show through the doll those emotions that usually a child for some reason cannot afford to show. 5) Writing fairy tales. Here, the obligatory observance of the sequence of events (once upon a time; arrange in the state; the cause of the onset of problems; the protagonist; saving the country; advice and a gift from a sage; etc.) The main methods of working with a fairy tale
Fairy tale therapy for children and adults is a whole direction in psychology. Fairy tale therapy is aimed not only at the development of the child, but also at targeted assistance in difficult life situations. It allows you to pull out all its hidden potential from a fairy tale and use it for good.
Fairy tale therapy is based on the fact that the child identifies himself as the main character of the fairy tale, learns from his mistakes. Pay attention to which of the characters in the fairy tale your child likes. If this is a negative character, try with your child to find good features in his character.
Fairy tale therapy is also used in the fight against negative qualities of character. Well-known artistic fairy tales come to the rescue. For example, it upsets you that the child is greedy. Read him a fairy tale by A.S. Pushkin "The Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish", let the child see what greed leads to.
Let's remember! The images of fairy tales address (and accordingly influence) two mental levels simultaneously: the level of consciousness and subconsciousness. The fairy tale contains multifaceted material, it can be widely used in psycho-correctional work with children. Fairy tale therapy is based on the idea that each fairy tale situation carries a hidden meaning in solving life situations. Therefore, it is teachers and parents who instill love for the traditions of their people through a fairy tale. - these are teachers and parents, through a fairy tale and parables, form here and now many abilities and functions of the body for subsequent successful schooling. We are one of the first educators who prepare the child for the future life in society.
Literature: 1. Fesyukova L.B. “Education with a fairy tale” (for working with children of preschool age) - M .: “Enlightenment”, 2003; 2. Ilyin I.A. "The spiritual world of a fairy tale" - M.: 1993; 3. Journal "Preschool education" 1, 5, 8, 2005; 4. Tannikova E.B. "Formation of speech creativity of preschoolers" (training in writing fairy tales) - M .: 2008; 5. Zinkevich - Evstigneeva T.D. "Psychology of addictions, the method of fairy tale therapy" - St. Petersburg: "Rech", 2002; 6. Sokolov D. "Tales and fairy tale therapy" - M .: "Enlightenment", 1996; 7. Belinskaya E.V. "Fairy-tale trainings for preschoolers and younger schoolchildren" - St. Petersburg: "Speech"; M.: "Sphere", 2008.
Oksana Legchilina
Consultation for parents "Fairy tale therapy for children"
CONSULTATION FOR PARENTS:
« FAIRY TALE THERAPY FOR CHILDREN»
fairy tale therapy This is one of the psychological methods. But do not forget that along with psychology in fairy tale therapy There is also a pedagogical element. That is why we call fairy tale therapy educational system. In fact, fairy tale therapy is the most ancient psychological and pedagogical method. Initially, all knowledge was transmitted orally, that is, through legends, epics, myths, and, of course, fairy tales. Fairy tales teach us a lot: how to obey adults, how to help friends, how to be able to fight for happiness. And besides this, fairy tales heal.
Method fairy tale therapy It is aimed at solving emotional, personal and behavioral problems, first of all, of the child. In time tale told can help your little one solve their childhood problem, sleep better or start using the potty. Properly selected and tale told can help your child gain self-confidence, heal children's fears. Most often fairy tale therapy used in working with aggressive, anxious, shy, insecure children. It must be remembered that fairy tale tale strife ... and start telling tales need according to age. It is necessary to know at what age this story will be helpful to the child.
Tales up to 2,5 years. – For example, at the age of two, a child has already developed the ability to retain in memory his own actions with objects and the simplest actions fairy tale characters. This is the age when children really like fairy tales about animals. This is the age when children, like monkeys, are happy to imitate movements and sounds, both yours and those attributed to fairy tale characters. Tales for 2,5-5 years. Between the ages of two and five, the child's ability to imagine and fantasize begins to develop. At this age, the child's brain is ready to perceive the magical fairy tales. Reading fairy tales, be careful, pay attention to the characters loved and unloved by the child, which will help you to identify the psychological problem of the baby in time, if it exists, and correct his mental development in time.
Fairy tales for 5 years and older. Children over five years old can read any fairy tales, the plot of which is interesting to the child. These fairy tales must develop all aspects of personality child: thinking, imagination, emotions, behavior. Beyond what you read fairy tales together, you need to ask the child to compose fairy tales. This is good for developing imagination, creativity, and will also help you observe the problems and desires of your child.
WHY YOU CAN USE FAIRY TALES FOR PSYCHOLOGICAL HELP?
Everyone loves stories. AT fabulous form your problem is easier to see and easier to accept. For fabulous the hero is easier to come up with a way out - after all, in everything is possible in a fairy tale! And then this output, it turns out, can be used for yourself.
fairy tale therapy- one of the least traumatic and painless methods of psychotherapy.
Remember that the inner world of your child is very sensitive and vulnerable, that the child's psyche is a very delicate material, and before it is formed, it must go through many tests in interaction with the outside world. Help your children get through these challenges with fairy tales.
Advice for parents"Child and book"
Books are an essential part of raising a child. With its help, he will be able to find answers to his questions, to know the world and himself, to experience the stories of heroes, to fantasize the development of further events of a particular work.
The book is the educator of human souls. The kid is growing, which means that every day more and more new experiences await him, he actively explores the world and makes many discoveries. He receives more and more diverse information he needs for further correct physical, mental and mental development. Children receive new knowledge from the people around them, primarily from parents as well as from books.
It is no secret that today's children read little, preferring a book to watching television programs and videos, computer films. This sad reality should make us parents think about it and try to fix things.
From a very young age, kids need to read as many books as possible. It is very important that he loves this activity. The book may be of interest to both boys and girls, the main thing is to find an option that the child will like.
Scientists have found that a child who is systematically read to accumulates a rich vocabulary.
Reading with mom, the child actively develops imagination and memory.
It is reading that performs not only a cognitive, aesthetic, but also an educational function. That's why, parents Children should read books from an early age. The variety of children's books is surprising, but not always pleasing. It is important to remember that in any book, including children's, the most important thing is the content.
1. Children 2-3 years old love large picture books, love them
consider. Here Russian folk come to the rescue fairy tales: "Turnip", "Kolobok", "Ryaba Hen", "Teremok".
It is always easier for a small child to perceive story than reading. That's why tell him stories in your own words and look at the pictures in the book at the same time.
In the third year of life, the vocabulary increases rapidly, and the child can already read poems. Introduce the work of A. Barto, Z. Alexandrova.
2. Do children 4-5 years there is an activation of the vocabulary, goes
development of connected speech. When reading literary works to a child, you need to pay attention to individual words and expressions. Can be taught retell short texts of Russian folk fairy tales. Slowly start memorizing the poems.
At this age, you can introduce the child to fairy tales of foreign authors, with heroic folk fairy tales, With stories about nature and animals, with the work of K. Chukovsky.
3. For children 6-7 years among all genres of fiction in the first place is still fairy tales, only copyright ones are added to the folk ones. Therefore, they can be introduced to the work of Eduard Uspensky, with funny stories H. Nosov.
Children 6-7 years old should buy bright books with large print and many beautiful pictures, the plot of the book should be interesting so that the child wants to read to the end. A book at that age should be fun. When choosing a book, pay attention to the number of dialogues in the works, because you can read by roles.
Tips for parents
For a child to love a book, parents you have to work hard.
Talk about the value of the book more often;
Cultivate a respect for the book by displaying your family's book relics;
You are the main example for the child, and if you want your child to read, then it is worth spending some time with the book too;
Visit the library, bookstores together;
Buy books bright in design and interesting in content;
Rejoice in the success of the child, and do not focus on mistakes;
Discuss the read book among family members;
Have family readings more often.
Reading for children should become a daily habit, become a necessity.
A book comes to any home.
Touch its pages
She will talk to you
About the life of animals and birds.
You will see the floods of the rivers,
Hear horse stomp
Chuk and Huck will come to you,
Timur and Uncle Styopa.
She is not afraid of an evil blizzard
And the mudslide is not terrible
She talks to you
What a smart companion.
Well, suddenly it gets sad
Don't get too upset:
Like the best true friend
The book will dispel boredom. (Arkady Markov)
By reading together, you open an interesting and colorful literary world for your child. And remember, in such a simple way you give your child a huge amount of happiness and love.
Advice for parents"A book in a child's life"
The main task of dating children preschool age with fiction is the upbringing of interest and love for the book, the desire to communicate with it, the ability to listen and understand a literary text.
S. Marshak said that there is a writer's talent, and there is a reader's talent. Like any talent (it is hidden in everyone, it must be discovered, cultivated and educated. A child accustomed to a book has an invaluable gift to easily enter into the content of what he heard or read and live it.
The book introduces the child to the world of human feelings: joys, sufferings, attitudes, motives, thoughts, actions, characters. The book reveals human and spiritual values. A book read as a child leaves a stronger impression than a book read as an adult.
The task of an adult is to reveal to a child the miracle that a book carries in itself, the pleasure that immersion in reading brings.
The process of communication of a preschooler with a book is the process of becoming a personality in him. A preschool child is a kind of reader. He perceives literature by ear, and so on until he himself learns to read.
The process of perception of a literary work is a cognitive activity, as a result of which the child is aware of the perceived, penetrates into its meaning. The child needs "see" the main character, to understand his actions, deeds, experiences, to unravel the motives of these actions, the causes of experiences. An important aspect of the activity of perception is the emotional response to a literary work. The child-reader actively contributes to the characters and experiences with him all the events that take place. He seems to experience the life of the heroes, treats them personally - he loves some, despises others.
It is desirable to introduce the child to children's literature daily in free form, at least 30 minutes a day. After all, the book involuntarily explains the life of society and nature, the world of human relations. It develops thinking, imagination, enriches the child's emotions, gives beautiful images of the Russian literary language.
From an early age, it is necessary to teach the baby to treat the book as the greatest value, to hold it correctly in his hands, to leaf through it correctly, to know its place on the bookshelf, to remember the name, the author.
You can collect with your child his children's library, where there will be works of different content, different genres (prose, novels, fairy tales, poetry, folklore genres). A real children's book should be with clear, bright, accessible to the understanding of the child, illustrations.
To introduce a child to a book, you can not only read it, but also tell, in faces representing what is being said. Introducing a little person to a book, cultivate in him respect for it, as for the work of human hands!
“Little children are little troubles,” says folk wisdom. Indeed, the older our children become, the more adult problems they have. A growing child is often overcome with all sorts of fears, sadness, anger and irritation. What is the cause of this anxiety, sometimes neither the children nor their parents understand. What to do in this case? How to help your child?
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CONSULTATION FOR PARENTS "Fairytale Therapy"
Speech therapist MBDOU d / s No. 13 Perminova Larisa Aleksandrovna
Fairy-tale therapy or fairy-tale treatment of the soul
“Little children are little troubles,” says folk wisdom. Indeed, the older our children become, the more adult problems they have. A growing child is often overcome with all sorts of fears, sadness, anger and irritation. What is the cause of this anxiety, sometimes neither the children nor their parents understand. What to do in this case? How to help your child? Perhaps you should consult a psychologist? Competent psychological counseling will help parents find the key to the inner world of their baby. Today, psychologists are armed with many methods to help solve the problems of the child in the most pleasant way for him. One of the main such methods is art therapy (treatment with art). For kids, such types of art therapy as color therapy (treatment with color), music therapy (treatment with a melody), game therapy (using the game as a way to solve the psychological problems of a child) and, of course, fairy tale therapy are best suited - a method that allows you to work with children and adults through a fairy tale .
What is fairy tale therapy?
Fairy tale therapy is perhaps the most childish method of psychology, and, of course, one of the most ancient. After all, even our ancestors, while raising children, were in no hurry to punish the delinquent child, but told him a fairy tale, from which the meaning of the act became clear. Fairy tales served as a moral and moral law, protected children from misfortunes, taught them how to live. Knowing how a fairy tale affects a person’s life, you can help your child a lot. Does he have a favorite fairy tale that he asks to read again and again? So, this tale touches on very important issues for the child. Consult with a psychologist. Fairy tale therapy sessions will help you understand what attracts the child to the plot of this fairy tale, which of the characters he likes the most, why he chooses this particular fairy tale. Over time, the child's addiction to a particular fairy tale changes, and this means that the baby grows, develops and poses new life questions. Psychological research shows that in a certain sense, the life of a child is programmed in favorite fairy tales. “Tell me what your favorite fairy tale is, and I will tell you who you are,” is how psychoanalysts have paraphrased a well-known proverb. Parents can learn fairy tale therapy on their own, but psychological counseling will not hurt. For a soft influence on the behavior of the child, the psychologist selects special fairy tales. Fairy tales for fairy tale therapy are selected different: folk, author's, as well as specially designed, psycho-corrective fairy tales, and many others. Often the psychologist offers the kid to compose a fairy tale on his own. The writing of fairy tales by a child and for a child is the basis of fairy tale therapy. Through a fairy tale, you can learn about such experiences of children that they themselves are not really aware of, or are embarrassed to discuss them with adults. Through a fairy tale, for example, one can learn about the attitude of a preschool child to his parents.
Is fairy tale therapy useful for everyone?
Yes, fairy tale therapy is useful for everyone. There are special healing tales not only for small children, but also for teenagers and adults. The fairy tale will help to solve many psychological problems. Do not just consider it a salvation from all troubles. This is not a miracle drug that helps in one dose, but a long, hard work, the effect of which will be visible over time, but it will definitely be. Of course, fairy tale therapy has special conditions when working with children: the child must clearly understand that there is a fairy-tale reality that is different from real life. The skill of such discrimination usually appears in a child by the age of 3.5-4, although, of course, in each specific case it is important to take into account the individual characteristics of the child's mental development.
How to write a healing story?
Before engaging in fairy tale therapy on their own, it would be good for parents to read books on this technique. If you notice that your child has some kind of emotional problem (for example, he is irritable, rude, capricious or aggressive), you need to come up with a fairy tale where the characters, their adventures and exploits will help your child solve this problem. First, we describe a hero who looks like a child, show the hero’s life in a fairy tale so that the child himself sees the resemblance to his own life (after all, fairy tale therapy is individual fairy tales for a specific person, it is necessary that the kid can see himself in the main character). Then the hero invented by us gets into a problem situation similar to the real situation of the child (he is also afraid of something, feels lonely, etc.) and we attribute to the hero all the experiences of the baby (of course, according to the plot, there should be many opportunities and ways for overcome these barriers). Then, the fairy-tale hero (and the child with him) begins to look for a way out of this situation and, of course, finds it. Fiction stories are very helpful. For example, a child who loves to lie about trifles should read the fairy tale "The Bouncer Hare", the frivolous and playful "Adventures of Dunno", it will be useful for a selfish and greedy kid to listen to the fairy tale "About the Fisherman and the Fish", and the timid and shy - "About the cowardly hare ". In this case, you should not explicitly point out the similarity of the hero with the child - the kid will draw conclusions himself. Just discuss the story together. Almost all methods of art therapy will come to the rescue here: color therapy (you can draw your impressions of a fairy tale), game therapy (invent a game based on a fairy tale or stage a favorite passage) and even music therapy (pick up melodies that suit the mood of a particular plot). This will help the baby to better learn the experience learned from the fairy tale, and parents - to better understand their child. The love of children for fairy tales, the feedback from teachers and parents on the positive impact of fairy tales on children, the data of the final diagnostics allow us to conclude that this work is effective and that it is necessary to continue it in order to form a positive worldview in children, adequate self-esteem, and faith in their own intellectual and physical strength.
Fairy tale therapy and the development of children's speech.
Speech function is one of the most important mental functions of a person. In the process of speech development, the highest forms of cognitive activity, the ability to conceptual thinking are formed. The meaning of a word is itself a generalization and, in this regard, it is not only a unit of speech, but also a unit of thinking. Thinking and speech are not identical, they arise to some extent independently of each other. But in the process of the child's mental development, a complex, qualitatively new unity arises - speech thinking, speech-thinking activity.
Mastering the ability to verbal communication creates the prerequisites for specifically human social contacts, thanks to which the child's ideas about the surrounding reality are formed and refined, and the forms of its reflection are improved.
Speech disorders to one degree or another (depending on the nature of speech disorders) negatively affect the entire mental development of the child, are reflected in his activities and behavior. Speech disorders, limited speech communication can negatively affect the formation of a child's personality, cause mental stratification, specific features of the emotional-volitional sphere, contribute to the development of negative character traits (shyness, indecision, isolation, negativism, feelings of inferiority). All this negatively affects the acquisition of literacy, academic performance in general, and the mastery of a profession.
General underdevelopment of speech in children with normal hearing and initially intact intelligence is a speech pathology in which the formation of each of the components of the speech system is disrupted: vocabulary, grammatical structure, sound pronunciation.
Among the most important tasks of speech therapy work with younger students with general underdevelopment of speech is the formation of coherent monologue speech in them. This is necessary both for the most complete overcoming of systemic speech underdevelopment, and for preparing children for the upcoming schooling. Since adequate perception and reproduction of textual educational materials, the ability to give detailed answers to questions, to express one's own judgments independently - all these and other educational actions require a sufficient level of development of coherent monologue speech.
One of the oldest methods actively developed by speech therapists, psychologists and teachers in the last 10 years and used in work with children with general underdevelopment of speech is the use of a fairy tale.
A fairy tale is the most universal, complex method of influence in correctional work. After all, a fairy tale is the figurativeness of language, its metaphor, psychological security. While working on a fairy tale, children enrich their vocabulary, work is underway to automate the set sounds and introduce them into independent speech. The texts of fairy tales expand the vocabulary, help to correctly build dialogues, and, consequently, influence the development of coherent monologue speech.
The advantage and privileges of this method also lie in the fact that the impact on children in the process of classes is dressed in fabulous clothes and children do not experience a feeling of pressure.
Such great teachings as B. Bettelheim, R. Gardner, K. Jung, V. Propp, M. L. von Franz, E. Fromm spoke about the influence of a fairy tale on the development of a child's personality.
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