When erecting the foundation of any structure, an important step is to decide how to calculate the cubature of the foundation. The presented procedure does not require complex mathematical calculations and is performed in a matter of minutes with the knowledge of some individual indicators.
General features of counting and possible solutions
As a general rule, the calculation of the cubic capacity of the foundation is determined by the volume of the erected formwork system. In simple words, what is the capacity of the internal cavity of the formwork, such an amount of concrete will be required to build the base.
The required amount of mortar will help to fill the base at a time You can also set the desired indicator at the design stage according to the available data in the drawn up drawing. At the same time, performing calculations in the second way will allow you to more accurately calculate and prepare the required amount of concrete mix in advance.
Along with the methods for determining the volume described above, with the development of modern information technologies, developers have been able to carry out calculations using special software tools available on the Internet information network.
By driving in the required values, you can almost instantly get not only the desired value, but also expert advice on the rational preparation of the mixture and the recommended proportions of the constituent components.
Carrying out calculations of cubic capacity depending on the type of foundation
From the course of school algebra, the volume of any body can be calculated by finding the product of its height, length and width. However, the calculation of the cubic capacity of common types of house foundation predetermines the consideration of their individual characteristics.
Calculation of the volume of the monolith
This type of base has the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, the edges of which can be found by comparing with the sketch at the planning stage or by actually measuring the erected formwork.
When measuring the height of the formwork, it should be borne in mind that marks of the required level of concrete are made on it, and it is erected with a margin of 10-15 cm.
Watch a video in which an expert tells how to correctly calculate a monolithic slab.
The volume of the presented base is calculated by the general formula: H x A x B, where H is the height, A is the length, B is the width. For clarity, it is worth giving an example. So, with a foundation depth of 0.8 m, a length of 10 m and a width of 10 m, the cubic capacity of the required concrete is 0.8 x 10 x 10 = 80 m3.
To perform more accurate calculations, the volume of the reinforced mesh placed in the internal space of the erected formwork should also be taken into account. However, reinforcement will not be able to greatly affect the overall performance due to its insignificant, in this case, dimensions.
Tape Volume Count
The calculation of the cubature of the strip foundation of the house also comes down to calculating the volume of a rectangular parallelepiped minus the internal hollow areas. Despite the apparent complexity, this indicator is easily calculated in practice.
For the calculation, it is necessary to calculate the volumes of the external and internal parallelepiped according to the drawn up drawing, find their difference, and then add the cubature of the internal tape elements to the result.
So, with the dimensions of the foundation 12 x 15 m and a tape width of 0.5 m, deepened into the soil by 1.5 m, with an internal additional tape 0.6 m wide, the cubature of the base is calculated as follows:
- We set the cubic capacity of the outer parallelepiped: 12 x 15 x 1.5 = 270 m3.
- We determine a similar indicator for the internal figure: (12 - 0.5 - 0.5) x (15 - 0.5 - 0.5) x 1.5 \u003d 231 m3.
- We find the difference between the obtained values: 270 - 231 = 39 m3.
- We calculate the cubic capacity of the inner tape: (12 - 0.5 - 0.5) x 0.6 x 1.5 = 9.9 m3.
- The final volume of pouring the strip foundation: 39 + 9.9 = 48.8 m3.
Calculation of the volume of the columnar foundation
The volume of the bases of the columnar type is calculated as the sum of the volumes of two geometric bodies - the parallelepipeds of the column and its sole, multiplied by the total number of supporting elements.
In numerical terms, for a substructure of 8x8 m with a total number of pillars with a 2 m step in 16 copies (4 corner and 12 auxiliary), the soles of which have dimensions of 0.6 x 0.6 x 0.3 m, and the body of the pillars is 0 .4 x 0.4 x 1 is calculated according to the following principle:
- The final volume of the sole: 16 x 0.6 x 0.6 x 0.3 = 1.73 m3.
- The final cubic capacity of pillar supports: 16 x 0.4 x 0.4 x 1 = 2.56 m3.
- The total volume of concrete required: 1.73 + 2.56 = 4.29 m3.
Watch the video on how to correctly calculate the columnar base with your own hands.
Calculation of the volume of a bored foundation with a solid grillage part
The total cubic capacity of the presented type of house foundations is set as the sum of the volumes of bored pillar supports (cylinders) and a monolithic slab of the grillage part (classical parallelepiped). Just as when calculating the cubic capacity of the bases presented above, to calculate the total volume of concrete, you will need to break the figure into its constituent elements, set the volume of each of them and sum the resulting values.
In this case, it must be remembered that the volume of a column or any cylindrical building element is calculated as the product of the base area and the height. In this case, the area of \u200b\u200bthe sole is found by the formula:
where π is a mathematical constant (3.1415...), D is the diameter of the circle (sole).
For clarity, we give an example, the total volume of the base on 20 supports with a diameter of 0.5 m and a depth of 2 m in the soil, supporting the grillage part with dimensions of 10 x 15 x 0.5 m, is established according to the following principle:
Cubic capacity of pillars: 20 x (3.14 x 0.5 x 0.5 / 4) = 7.85 m3.
- Cubature of the grillage part: 10 x 15 x 0.5 = 75 m3.
- Final volume: 7.85 + 75 = 82.85 m3.
Conclusion
The calculation of the cubic capacity of the foundation is a fairly simple event. The calculation of the required amount of concrete is carried out at an intuitive level and is fully realized on its own without special knowledge in construction.
Having correctly calculated the desired indicator, any customer can easily predict their budget in advance and calculate the required amount of the mixture, which will significantly save time.
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