Specialization: facade finishing, interior finishing, construction of dachas, garages. The experience of an amateur gardener and horticulturist. He also has experience repairing cars and motorcycles. Hobbies: playing the guitar and much more, for which there is not enough time :)
The toilet is one of the most necessary objects in the country. Therefore, experienced people always advise starting the arrangement of a bare area from it. But, how to make a toilet on your own, without having any experience in such work?
Next, I will try to help in this matter. Of course, we will not consider how to install an installation in a house or perform any other complex operation. Below I will only describe a few of the simplest ways to build an outdoor closet, aimed at beginners. We will also touch on some aspects of arranging a restroom in a house or inside another building.
Options for building an outdoor closet
You can build a toilet in the country from almost any material that you have at hand. For example, if you are going to build a country house, and have purchased building materials with a good supply, then the toilet can be built from the same materials, for example, from foam blocks. bricks, etc. In this case, a capital building with solid walls will turn out, however, it will take a relatively long time to build.
If you want to build a toilet with minimal time and effort, it is better to make it framed from a bar or metal profile, and then sheathe it with any material that you have at hand:
- boards;
- clapboard;
- polycarbonate;
- corrugated board, etc.;
If there is already a building on the site with free space sufficient for a toilet, then you can not build a booth. Below I will tell you how to make a toilet in the garage, in the house or any other building that is on the site.
Regardless of how you build the toilet, this procedure will include several basic steps:
Let's take a closer look at each of these steps below.
Toilet design
So, first of all, we need to draw up a project for the future building. This stage involves the solution of several important tasks at once:
In fact, there is nothing complicated about this, however, each of the stages has its own nuances.
Cabin design
The simplest is the frame structure of the toilet. The frame, as a rule, consists of four racks, as well as the lower and upper trim. To increase the strength, braces and crossbars are additionally used.
Of course, if you wish, you can use a more complex frame, for example, to make a closet in the form of a tower. Also, sometimes a toilet and an outdoor shower are combined under one roof, which is also very convenient. Moreover, the layout may include a locker room so that things do not get wet while taking a shower.
On our portal you can find other ideas for the toilet. The main thing is that the level of their complexity is commensurate with your skills. If you are doing this kind of work for the first time, then it is better to perform a simple rectangular booth.
The project of a brick or block closet is simpler, since all walls are built by laying bricks or blocks. Therefore, the drawing should indicate only their location and the number of rows on each wall for the convenience of further work.
However, before drawing up a drawing of a structure, it is necessary to determine its dimensions. The latter, of course, can be taken arbitrarily at will, however, there are some generally accepted standards:
- height - 2 meters. This is usually quite enough, however, if there are tall people in the family, this parameter can be increased;
- the width according to the norms should be at least one and a half meters;
- length - 2 meters, this is also enough to position the toilet seat and provide a spacious area in front of it.
When drawing up a drawing, it is necessary to indicate not only the general dimensions of the toilet, but also the dimensions of all parts in millimeters in order to avoid mistakes during the construction process. After that, you can calculate the amount of materials.
toilet type
After the design of the cabin is ready, you need to decide how the waste will accumulate or be processed. Depending on this, outdoor closets can be divided into several types:
- with a cesspool - in this case, there is a pit under the toilet, which is usually cleaned every few years;
- powder closet - in this case, there is a small container under the toilet seat, which is taken out and emptied from time to time;
- dry closet - in fact, this same powder closet, but in this case, waste products are sprinkled with peat, as a result of which they immediately begin to be processed. After filling the container, the waste is poured into the compost pit, where over time an excellent fertilizer for plants is formed.
I must say that the dry closet can be placed even in the house or any other room. In this case, no additional plumbing for the toilet is needed. The only thing you have to do, for example, from drywall.
On sale there are ready-made dry closets in the form of plastic toilet bowls with a tank. Instead of water in the tank is peat. The price of these products starts from 4500-5000 rubles.
The most common is a pit latrine, since after its construction, you can forget about any care for several years. The pit is necessarily made with sealed walls and a filter bottom to remove the liquid constituents of the waste. A layer of sand and gravel is used as a filter.
Groundwater should be located at a depth of at least six meters from the soil level. Otherwise, the bottom of the cesspool must be sealed.
As for the volume of the well, two cubic meters is enough for a family of three to clean it every few years. If you have a large family, and you will spend a lot of time in the country, you can increase its volume to 2.5 cubic meters.
Of course, it is much easier and faster to make a powder closet, however, it is less convenient in terms of operation, since you will often have to empty the container. But, if you have made such a decision, put a bucket of peat near the toilet seat so that after each visit to the restroom you can sprinkle the contents of the bucket with peat. Thus, you will get a dry closet.
Location selection
The final step in designing a toilet with your own hands is to determine its location. You can place a dry closet or powder closet in any place convenient for you.
If there are level differences on the site, then the toilet should be located as close as possible to the highest point in order to exclude the possibility of it being flooded with melt or storm water.
But when choosing a place for a toilet with a cesspool, certain rules must be observed. The fact is that according to sanitary standards, a certain distance must be observed from the toilet to important objects on the site:
You need to place the toilet on the site so that unpleasant odors do not interfere with your rest or the rest of your neighbors.
In addition, it should be borne in mind that sooner or later the pit will have to be cleaned out. Therefore, it is desirable place the toilet closer to the outer fence so that a sewage truck can drive up to it.
After preparing the project, you can proceed to the practical part - construction.
Building a block or brick toilet
Pit and foundation preparation
First of all, consider how to build a capital toilet from blocks and bricks. Work should begin with the implementation of a cesspool, which in our case will serve as a foundation. The instructions for doing this work look something like this:
- First of all, you need to mark the site. It is desirable to arrange the pit so that it is at least 30-40 centimeters longer than the booth. In this case, behind the toilet, you can make a hatch for pumping waste.
In the process of marking, it should be borne in mind that the minimum width between the walls should be one and a half meters. Those. the width of the pit must be indicated taking into account the thickness of the walls; - then you need to dig a hole to a depth of about one and a half meters;
- then the bottom is covered with sand and gravel, after which it is carefully rammed. If groundwater is located nearby, the bottom should be reinforced and angered with concrete;
- then the walls of the pit are completed. They can be built of brick or poured with concrete.
This operation is performed according to the same principle as the strip foundation. On our portal you can find detailed information on how this is done; - when the walls are ready, it is necessary to pour a concrete floor with a thickness of at least 5 cm. At the same time, do not forget to make a hatch over the toilet seat, and also leave an open area that will be located behind the toilet.
After each stage of pouring, i.e. pouring the bottom, floor, walls and ceiling, you need to stop work so that the concrete gains the necessary strength.
This completes the process of building a cesspool. Now you need to wait until it gains brand strength.
Building walls and roofs
The laying of the walls of the toilet has no features and is performed in the following sequence:
- along the perimeter of the concrete slab, several layers of roofing material should be laid to waterproof the walls;
- then the laying of bricks or blocks is carried out. There is nothing particularly difficult in this procedure. The only thing is that you need to carefully lay each row so that all the bricks are located in the same horizontal and vertical plane.
To do this, you need to use the level, as well as pull the ropes that will serve as beacons. In addition, try to ensure that all joints have the same thickness (about 5 mm) and are completely filled with mortar;
- lintels must be made above the door and window openings. For these purposes, you can use two metal corners located so that a brick or block can become on them;
- when the walls are "raised" to the required height, you need to complete the roof. To do this, lay boards that can be fixed to the walls with dowels. A waterproofing film is laid on top of the boards and lathing is carried out with slats.
Any roofing material is attached over the crate - slate, corrugated board, metal tiles, etc.
The back wall of the toilet should be 15-20 centimeters lower than the front to ensure the slope of the roof.
On this, the construction of the capital toilet is almost completed. Now you need to make a toilet seat from the boards, which is a box with a hatch, as well as install a door and make a cover for the pit from the boards. Below I will tell you in more detail how the door and the toilet seat are made.
Arrangement of a cesspool and foundation
If the toilet will be your first construction experience, then it is better to make it framed, as it is much easier. In this case, the cesspool can be made from car tires.
To do this, follow these steps:
- First of all, you need to mark the site and dig a hole in the back of the toilet. Its dimensions must be such that it is possible to lay the tires flat;
- then the bottom of the pit is made according to the scheme described above, after which tires are stacked on top of each other until they reach ground level;
- now you need to complete the columnar foundation. To do this, you need to dig pits according to the size of concrete blocks at each corner of the structure to a depth of about 40 cm. After that, the bottom of the pits needs to be covered with sand and gravel about 30 cm thick, carefully compacted and then laid concrete blocks.
The blocks must be located in the same horizontal plane, so use beacons and a level during their installation; - At the end of the work, several layers of roofing material must be laid on the blocks.
Now that the pit and foundation are ready, you can start arranging the frame.
Frame construction
The easiest way is to build a frame from a bar with a section of 50x50 mm, since this does not require a welding machine and any special tools. It is made as follows:
- a grillage in the form of a rectangle of timber is laid on the foundation. You can fasten the timber together with self-tapping screws and metal corners;
- further, according to the same principle, vertical racks are installed, which can be strengthened with braces;
- a cross member is mounted at the base, which will separate the toilet seat area from the floor. On this crossbar, the toilet seat racks will be located in the future;
- from above, the upper strapping is performed, which is also fastened with corners and self-tapping screws;
- now you need to fix the racks and crossbars at the locations of the door and window openings;
- at the end of the work, you need to complete the frame of the toilet seat, which also consists of racks from horizontal crossbars.
sheathing
Now that the frame is ready, it needs to be sheathed. As mentioned above, it can be made from any "improvised" materials. For example, polycarbonate sheathing looks original.
If the exterior of the site is made in a rustic or Russian style, make it from a lining or at least from boards. Sheathing is also attached to the frame using our favorite self-tapping screws. By the same principle, the toilet seat is sheathed.
The roof is made according to the scheme described above. As for the door, it can be made from boards of suitable length, which are fastened together with Z-shaped slats. Boards are simply laid on the floor of the toilet.
That, in fact, is all that I wanted to tell you about the construction of an outdoor toilet. I note that the presence of a restroom on the site does not at all mean that you need to abandon the amenities in the house. On the contrary, if the toilet was not originally planned, you can allocate space for it at the expense of the living room.
The dry closet in this case is not the only way to equip the toilet in the house. If you want to create the most comfortable conditions, you can perform an autonomous sewage system and install a septic tank.
In this case, even the installation of an installation in the toilet can be realized. However, this is a separate topic for conversation, which we will talk about next time.
Conclusion
Building a toilet is a task that every home craftsman can handle. Moreover, you can build a frame structure yourself in just a few days. I hope the above information was helpful to you.
For more information, see the video in this article. If you have any difficulties during the construction process or have other questions, ask them in the comments, and I will be happy to answer you.
Building a country toilet with your own hands is a vital necessity caused by the natural needs of a person. Most often this is caused by the lack of a central sewerage system in the village, but even if it is available, a separate closet will not hurt. Sometimes, after all, they can turn off the water, and in this case, an outdoor toilet will come in handy. The garden design is not the height of engineering, so anyone can master its construction. To do this, you need quite a bit - desire, skillful hands and simple tools.
Building a toilet in the country with your own hands, drawings and a project for a country toilet
Choice of design and installation location
There are four main types of country toilet: backlash-closet, powder-closet, dry closet and a regular toilet with a cesspool. The best option for residents of the northern regions is a backlash closet. This design is a mixture of a conventional domestic and classic toilet with a cesspool. In the southern regions, where sewage rots faster, such a system will not work. It is possible to replace it with a dry closet or a traditional outdoor booth.
The construction of a wooden toilet is most often carried out from boards, but can also be made from bricks, foam blocks and other commonly used materials. Considering that the toilet cubicle is most often used in the summer and does not need to be insulated, it is wiser to build it from boards, sheets of metal or slate and other inexpensive but reliable materials.
Before you build a toilet in the country, it is important to determine its location. According to sanitary standards, the minimum allowable distance from a well with drinking water is 25 meters and 15 meters if it is a residential building. If the site is uneven or located with a slope, then it is advisable to put the toilet in the country with your own hands in a lowland. At the same time, the cesspool must be well insulated so that the waste does not mix with groundwater and does not poison nearby water bodies. If they lie only 3 meters from the surface of the earth, then the only possible structures are a peat powder closet and a modern dry closet.
Construction of a country toilet
Consider how to make a toilet in the country from economical materials. For construction, you will need a beam 100x100 mm 3000 mm long, nails and screws, boards, a slate sheet for the roof, foam for insulation (if necessary), as well as working tools, such as:
- a hammer;
- drill;
- screwdriver;
- hacksaw;
- roulette;
- building level.
First of all, you need a drawing of a country toilet, a standard sample can be found on the Internet. According to this drawing and all sanitary standards, a cesspool is dug and isolated. Its surface area should be slightly larger than the area of the booth. This is necessary for the arrangement of the hatch.
The process of building a standard toilet in the country, the photo of which you could see above, is standard: first, a frame is erected from beams, which are recessed into the ground by 1000 mm and concreted, after which it is sheathed with boards. A sloping roof is laid on top, and inside there is a podium with a functional hole and fastening for a toilet seat.
Do-it-yourself wooden peat toilet in the country house, device and construction stages
The difference between a peat closet and a classic cabin is the absence of a cesspool. A peat toilet for a summer residence is instead equipped with a container into which sewage is collected and periodically removed. For a standard family of three, a 700 liter tank is recommended. It can be sunk into the ground, taking it out as it fills up.
The effluent solvent in the classic design of the compost toilet for summer cottages is peat. One kilogram of this substance processes 10 liters of sewage, turning them into fertilizer. By the way, in cesspools, the same solutions as in septic tanks can be used as a disinfectant.
Do-it-yourself wooden peat toilet in the country house is built in the same way as a regular closet house. First, the frame is erected, and then the boards are nailed to it.
If you are using new dry closets that look like plastic toilets, then you can not build a cubicle for them. Such a toilet is usually located in an extension to the house. Here the solvent is a special reagent. In this case, sewage can only be poured into the sewer.
About the types of country toilets and their construction
How to build a powder closet, what are its features?
The construction of a toilet, a type of which is called powder-closet, can be carried out anywhere in the summer cottage. In this design, there is no traditional cesspool - instead, a liquid-impervious container is installed, which is emptied as it is filled, so contamination of the soil and groundwater does not threaten, which means that it is not necessary to keep a distance of 25 meters from the source of drinking water when building a toilet.
The dimensions of the powder closet can be arbitrary. On the back side of the frame, holes are made for ventilation and for cleaning work. A box with filling is installed in the toilet cubicle: ash, sawdust, peat, with which sewage is “powdered” after each visit to the powder closet. This measure prevents the reproduction of flies. As the waste container fills up, its contents are taken out to the compost heap. Do not know how to build a toilet in the country? The scheme of the device of a simple powder closet is presented below.
Powder closet drawing:
1. Support pillars; 2. Asbestos-cement pipes; 3. Box with backfill; 4. Hatch for cleaning; 5.Toilet; 6. Washstand. 
Which is cheaper: build a toilet house or buy a ready-made one?
Despite the presence on the construction market of offers for the sale of ready-made toilet houses or a dry closet, the price of which varies from $ 200 to 1000, it is still more profitable to build a toilet cubicle from boards or a brick toilet with your own hands.
In fact, building a toilet in a summer cottage does not require special building knowledge, skills and abilities. Having in your arsenal building material: timber, plywood sheets, sheet foam, slate, hacksaw, planer, screwdriver, hammer, nails, self-tapping screws, the ability to use all this and certain building skills, you can effortlessly build an excellent country toilet with your own hands.
A guide to the phased construction of a toilet house with a toilet is not difficult to find. Its essence lies in the construction of the frame, its upholstery and the installation of the roof. Such a design, although it requires certain physical costs, will cost 2-3 times cheaper than the finished one. 
Outdoor toilet type backlash-closet
Backlash-closet designs are very popular as a toilet in a summer cottage. They build toilets in a country house of this type only if it is possible to clean the cesspool with a sewage machine. This design is essentially an ordinary wooden toilet with a cesspool at least 1 m deep.
The pit pit for an outdoor toilet is built entirely of brick or concrete to prevent contamination of the ground and groundwater with waste. The bottom of the pit is constructed with a slope towards the hatch, which simplifies cleaning. The pit is smeared over the entire height with a layer of clay of 20-25 cm.
In backlash closets, the exhaust ventilation system of the pit is interesting. For its device, an exhaust ceramic or asbestos-cement pipe with a diameter of 15 cm is connected to the backlash channel. When building a backlash closet, the main condition is the complete tightness of all connections.
Backlash closet device (pictured)
1. Ventilation pipe; 2. Backlash channel; 3. Wooden roof; 4. Cast iron cover; 5. Hood; 6. Clay layer; 7. Brick. 
Need a simple design project?
An interesting project for a country toilet can be a wooden house such as a hut or a toilet-hut. Its side walls are the roof. Compliance with the style of the transom for ventilation, which is located under the roof, is triangular in shape. The hammered platform-floor is installed on the base. Next, the front and rear walls are constructed, which are sheathed with clapboard and installed on the floor using technological boards. The roof is mounted from boards with an overlap, and is closed from above with a ridge. For the construction of the roof, you can use corrugated board, slate or galvanized corrugated sheets.
Foam block toilet construction
The advantages of any foam block toilet design, including the toilet, include the absence of the need for a deep foundation and the cheapness of the material. indeed, a foam block construction will be inexpensive, and a cesspool made of bricks can serve as the foundation. High-quality masonry will ensure the absence of drafts. Foam blocks are much larger than bricks in size, so less mortar will be spent during masonry. But this design also has its drawbacks. In addition to the fact that such a toilet, like any other unheated one, will be cold, but in such a design there will be increased humidity in spring, autumn, spring and on rainy days. To avoid this, it is imperative to plaster it inside and out - this will help prevent moisture absorption by the blocks. 
Features of the outdoor toilet device
The arrangement of a toilet in the country is a necessary and important matter, but its construction cannot be carried out in any place you like. There are several sanitary and hygienic requirements for the location of the toilet, which must be taken into account. For example, the minimum distance from the well is strictly regulated. In this case, the interests of the owners of nearby sites must be taken into account. It is required to choose a place for the future building, which is at least 20-25 m away from the water intake facilities.
The device of the toilet in the country, as a rule, is not carried out in the center of the site. For this purpose, choose a remote location. But even under the fence of a neighbor, it will not work to install the structure - the distance to the boundaries of the site must be at least a meter. If there is a height difference on the site, the toilet is built in a lowland. It is important to take into account the wind rose of a particular area, which will avoid the spread of unpleasant odors throughout the territory. It is important to consider the possibility of accessing the sewer truck to your structure, and specifically to the cesspool to clean it from sewage.
How to make a peat toilet with your own hands?
The principle of the peat toilet is based on the separation of solid and liquid waste. The cesspool, or rather a container for sewage, is divided into two parts: for feces and urine. Once in a specially designated place, urine is discharged through a special hose into the drainage, where it turns into organic fertilizer. Faeces and toilet paper are dried by a compressor and accumulated in a container built into the body, which can be emptied every three to four months. The waste disposal process is carried out without water, and the air ventilation system prevents the formation of unpleasant odors inside the toilet.
A prerequisite for installing a peat toilet is the presence of electricity, from which the compressor and fan will operate. In order to properly equip it, special skills and abilities are required. Therefore, it is better to turn to specialists.
1. Housing; 2. Toilet seat; 3.Cover of the peat tank; 4. Dispenser handle; 5. Peat tank; 6. Exhaust pipe; 7. Dispenser. 
We build ourselves: a drawing of a country toilet
The construction of any structure requires the preliminary creation of a project. So for the installation of a closet in a summer cottage, you need a drawing of a country toilet of the type that you have chosen. The final result, that is, the design that you will eventually receive, depends on the correctness of the calculations. If you do not have the skills to draw up various building diagrams and drawings, then it is best to look for ready-made projects on the net.
If your project is “special” and you can’t find its drawing, then try to put on paper the approximate shape of the toilet frame, and next to it is the alleged finished view of the structure. Based on the proportions, put all the details that you would like to see in your toilet on paper, but remember that an incorrectly executed drawing can lead to skewed construction or wasted materials. Therefore, it is better to use ready-made drawings or order an individual one from specialists. 
After acquiring a private house, first of all, you should think about a bathroom on the street, even if there is one in the house itself. An outdoor toilet is a very profitable building in the warm season. At the same time, when working in the garden, you do not need to go into the house in dirty clothes. It is built quite quickly and the construction will cost quite inexpensively. Walls can be built from various materials: boards, slate, brick, cinder block, etc., but do not forget about the external beauty of the bathroom.
We bring to your attention the option of building an outdoor bathroom from cinder block.
Necessary materials
1. Red brick (depending on the size of the cesspool).
2. Old boards.
3. Fittings.
4. Sand, crushed stone, cement.
5. Hatch for a cesspool.
6. Concrete blocks (12 cm thick).
7. Frame for the doorway.
8. Window frame.
9. Door.
10. Window.
11. Plastic (for interior decoration).
12. Tiles (for interior decoration).
13. Toilet bowl with a cistern.
14. Decorative mesh (for vent).
15. Decorative stone.
16. Slate or other roofing material.
17. Decorative stone for exterior wall decoration.
To begin with, it is worth deciding on the place of the future bathroom. It must be removed from the recreation area, but the path to it should not be difficult.
It is necessary to dig a hole 2x2.5 with a depth of 1.5 m.
The bottom is not concreted, and the walls are laid out of red brick. Why from red? Because it is more resistant to moisture. At the same time, do not forget about the gaps between the bricks, which should be quite a lot. They are needed so that moisture goes into the ground.
Along the upper perimeter of the walls of the pit, formwork should be laid and a hole of 150 mm should be left for mounting the drain. At the back of the pit, provide a hole with a diameter of 50 cm for the hatch.
Reinforcement, old boards should be laid on the formwork and poured with pre-prepared cement mortar (cement, sand, crushed stone and water). This is the future floor of the summer bathroom. For reliability, it should be 10 cm high.
The floor freezes for several days. If the weather is hot, then to prevent cracks, it should be watered periodically.
Then the walls of concrete blocks are laid out, but first you need to install and secure the frame for the doorway. If desired, you can also consider a window.
On top of the walls, it is necessary to install logs and formwork for the future ceiling with a slope to drain water.
Fill the ceiling with cement mortar and, after complete solidification, cover with any roofing material of your choice.
A door is hung and a window is installed.
The interior work begins. The walls and floor can be tiled, and the ceiling can be sewn up with plastic.
A toilet with a cistern is installed. An outlet should be made in the wall and covered with a decorative mesh.
Then water and light are supplied. Plastic or metal-plastic pipes for water must be laid through the air in order to drain water for the winter period.
An exhaust pipe is installed from the cesspool so that unpleasant odors do not get into the bathroom.
It is necessary to install a sewer hatch.
No one will argue that such a primitive building as a country toilet is one of the main structures, the construction of which is started in the first place. Agree that in a suburban area you can do without a country house, gazebo or fence, but without a toilet in the country - no way. A self-built country toilet will provide minimal comfort, which will allow you to fully relax and work.
Before starting excavation work, it is necessary to study the sanitary and hygienic requirements and, in accordance with them, choose the installation site.
Features of country toilets
Installing a toilet in the country is not difficult, while it is quite possible to do it yourself without resorting to outside help. It is important to take into account some features of such construction:
- Mandatory compliance of the installation site with sanitary and hygienic requirements presented to cesspools;
- It is impossible to allow a do-it-yourself country toilet to create inconvenience to neighbors ;
- At the start of construction, it must be a method of emptying the cesspool is provided ;
- The choice of toilet design directly depends on the water horizon of the site. With a low placement of groundwater, the cesspool should only be of a sealed type .
Following our instructions, you will not only be able to properly build a country toilet with your own hands, but also save yourself from the problems associated with its operation.
Varieties of toilets for summer cottages
In the country, you can build one of several designs of toilets. The selection criteria can be both the height of the water horizon and the frequency of use of the closet, as well as the amount of financial costs that are planned for its construction and maintenance.
All existing outdoor latrines can be classified according to the way waste is disposed of. Consider some of the most popular designs.
Toilets with cesspools for summer cottages
This is perhaps one of the most popular designs in rural courtyards and summer cottages. It is not difficult to build a cesspool-type toilet with your own hands in the country, because the sewerage system is an ordinary deep pit, in which liquid residues evaporate or soak into the ground.
The depth of the pit directly affects the frequency of its cleaning, so it is not often necessary to rake out the garbage. Most often, the hole is simply covered with soil, digging a new one next to it. An elevated structure can be anything - you can build a country toilet with your own hands from boards, bricks, slate sheets or metal profiles. The main thing is that the necessary strength of the frame is provided and ventilation is present.
- Wooden toilet. The choice of such a design is justified both by the simplicity of construction and its low cost. Agree, you can build a wooden toilet with your own hands with minimal skills. A wooden structure is often stylized as a fabulous house, having received not only a functional, but also an aesthetic structure. Often, not boards, but clapboards are used for sheathing the frame. Such a do-it-yourself country toilet also looks stylish, as evidenced by the numerous photos posted on the network. The most important advantage of a wooden building is that when the hole is filled, it is dug in another place, and the house is transferred.
- Toilet from metal profile sheets. There are two ways to install such a structure. In the first, a wooden frame is used, and in the second, a base welded from shaped metal pipes. Then the base is sheathed with slate sheets using self-tapping screws or rivets. It is not difficult to build a toilet from profile sheets with your own hands, but this design gets very hot in the summer in the country. It is best to install a metal closet in a permanently shaded place and sheathe it from the inside with polystyrene foam sheets.
- Brick toilet. Before you build a brick toilet in the country with your own hands, inspect the site well, study existing projects, watch the video. It will not be possible to transfer such a structure to a new place, so it is necessary to provide a way to clean the cesspool. When constructing a brick building, do not forget about the need to install a concrete floor.
play closet
This type of toilet resembles the design described above. Its feature is the device of the cesspool. Most often her walls and bottom are sealed so that during filling it was possible to pump out waste with a sewage machine. Equipping this toilet in the country with their own hands, they dig elongated pit, for the possibility of unobstructed installation of the vacuum hoses. A huge disadvantage of backlash closets is the impossibility of cleaning them in the winter. therefore, if necessary, install a pit heating system.
Powder closet
This toilet has a small (maximum 20 litres) waste container installed under the high chair. After coping with natural needs, the waste is covered with ash, sawdust or peat. To do this, a box with these bulk materials is installed in the room. If you are interested in the question of how to make a toilet in the country, remember the disadvantages of powder closets: pouring the contents of a sewer tank into a compost pit with your own hands is not the most pleasant procedure. We will not be silent about the huge advantage of such a closet - with proper ventilation, it can be placed even in a country house.
Peat toilet for a summer residence
The peat toilet is a more advanced powder-closet design. The peculiarity of the device is that there is no need for an additional box with peat - it is poured directly inside. Having visited the peat toilet, the waste is “powdered”, and after filling the sewer tank, it is taken out and taken out.
Choosing the location of the toilet
To build a toilet in the country with your own hands will help our recommendations regarding the choice of a place for future construction:
- If you are planning a building equipped with a cesspool, then be sure to consider the need for an access road for a sewage truck;
- The distance from the toilet to the place of water intake should not exceed the sanitary norm of 25 meters, the distance to nearby buildings should be more than 5 meters, and to the border of the site - 1 meter.
- Be sure to study the wind rose map and consider their direction.
- The door of the toilet should open in the direction opposite to the nearest boundary of the site.
In addition, do not install the toilet in very remote places and do not obstruct access routes. Provide free access to the facility.
We build a country toilet of the Birdhouse type with our own hands
The "birdhouse" is a wooden one, lined with any available material, with a single or gable roof. Such a toilet is installed in combination with a cesspool. By equipping a country toilet of this type with your own hands, you can use ready-made drawings or create an individual project.
As a typical project, you can take the following dimensions for the Birdhouse toilet with a pitched roof:
- rear wall height - 2 m,
- front - 2.30 m
- with a width of at least 1 m.
The dimensions of the base are not less than 1x1m. Installing a wooden toilet with your own hands is a must control of horizontal and vertical surfaces using the building level.
So, we are building the Birdhouse toilet. For work you will need :
- Concrete border 2 m long - 2 pcs. or sand-cement blocks - 4 pcs.
- Ruberoid - 2 m2.
- Sand.
- Edged board: 6000x100x50mm - 3 pcs., 6000x100x50mm - 1 pc., 6000x90x32mm - 3 pcs.
- Lining 3000x87mm - 40 pcs.
- Wooden beam 6000x50x50 - 1 pc.
- Sheet steel profile galvanized 1520x2000x0.4mm - 1 pc.
- Door block 900x2000mm
- Door hinges, latch, handle, nails, self-tapping screws.
- Paint or varnish.
Let's describe toilet building process in the country with their own hands in stages:
- Digging a cesspool not less than 1x1x2 m in size. Remember that the dimensions of the toilet that you plan to install in the country with your own hands are predetermined by the dimensions of the pit. At the bottom of the pit we pour a layer of broken brick or rubble.
- As a foundation for a house we install a concrete curb at a distance of no more than 20 cm from the edges of the pit as a ceiling. To do this, we dig it in so that the height of the concrete base above the ground is no more than 10-15 cm. Instead of a curb, you can dig four blocks of sand-cement mortar at the corners of the cesspool, on which we subsequently install the frame.
- Laying on a concrete curb roofing material in 3-4 layers as a moisture insulator.
- Building a wooden frame and sheathe it with boards, lining, etc. The floor of the toilet must be laid with a board with a thickness of at least 40mm. It is better to use hardwoods - oak, beech, larch and others.
- Cutting a hole in the floor up to 30 cm across. The shape of the "point" can be arbitrary: oval, heart, rhombus, circle, etc.
- We install the door and cut out a window of any shape in it for the passage of light.
- The roof of the house is covered with roofing material, asbestos-cement or profiled steel sheet.
- We paint the structure oil paint or varnish.
When equipping wooden country toilets with your own hands, do not forget to install the simplest ventilation. Its purpose is to divert air from the pit into the atmosphere. To do this, you can take any pipe with a diameter of at least 100 mm. Then, a hole of the required diameter is cut in the roof and podium of the toilet and the pipe is installed at a height of at least 20 cm above the roof. All places where the hood passes are sealed, and a deflector is installed at its end, which will create the necessary traction.
From the inside, the country toilet "Birdhouse" can be done with your own hands sheathe with foam, and in order to beautifully veneer it with suitable material, just watch a video from the network and use ready-made ideas.
We build a toilet of the "Hut" type with our own hands
The "Hut" type toilet, although more difficult to manufacture, looks much more spectacular than the "Birdhouse".
Some craftsmen stylize a country toilet like a fairy-tale house, creating real masterpieces with their own hands. Photos of such buildings from the network amaze the imagination with their thoughtfulness and craftsmanship. Well? Are we building such an original toilet in the country? Then we get down to business and begin to dig a cesspool. Its dimensions can be taken from the previous project. At the corners of the pit, a recess is dug in the ground for the installation of concrete blocks. To control the squareness, not only the distance between the blocks is measured. The diagonals of the base should also be the same.
When installing the foundation, they control the horizontal by placing an even rail on two adjacent blocks, and a building level on top. The height of the concrete base should be no more than 15 cm above the surface of the site.
In order not to miss important little things, install a country toilet with your own hands step by step :
- Lay any moisture insulator on an impromptu foundation. The roofing material, laid in 2-3 layers, copes well with this function.
- A frame is assembled from a 50x50mm timber bases measuring 1x1m and nail it with edged boards. On top of this "deck" a floorboard is arranged.
- Cutting a technological hole in the bottom. You can not be limited to a circle and come up with an interesting shape of a “point”.
- We cover the wooden base with an antiseptic from all sides. If, when installing a toilet in the country with your own hands, you are not sure of the correctness of your actions, study the instructions in which all processes are described in stages.
- Using a sketch or drawing, assemble the back and front parts.
- Sew both parts"Hut" from the inside clapboard.
- Install the back and front walls on the floor and fasten them with scraps of boards.
- Nail the batten boards. At the end of the work, they also need to be sheathed.
- Take boards with a length of at least 1800 mm and, resting them on the back and front of the "Hut", pin them to the rails. Thus, we get the roof of the house.
- Roofing on our built in the country, you can install a toilet with your own hands, having studied photos of similar structures or making your imagination work. In principle, any material will do, but do we really need banality when we create a house from a fairy tale?
- Installing a fad, you can decorate it with a suitable figurine.
- We hang doors, having previously provided them with a handle and a hook. From the outside we nail a spinner of arbitrary shape.
- Painting the toilet house oil paint or varnish.
When installing a toilet in the country with your own hands, turn on your imagination or watch a video showing a gallery of toilet houses, do not be afraid to experiment. Only in this case you will get an elegant, exclusive structure.
Features of installing a peat toilet
The use of a peat substrate for sprinkling waste is justified for several reasons.
- Firstly, peat perfectly absorbs unpleasant odors.
- Secondly, the increased hygroscopicity of the substrate contributes to increased liquid absorption, which ultimately contributes to an increase in the frequency of cleaning the toilet.
- Thirdly, after direct application, the mixture is used as a fertilizer, since peat is initially rich in bacteria that convert organic waste into compost.
A factory-made peat toilet does not require connection to the electrical network, water supply and sewerage, so it is a truly autonomous design for a summer residence.
The operation of such a toilet is based on the separation of waste products into solid and liquid fractions. If frequent use of the device is expected, then the removal of the purified liquid fraction is provided by drainage or a special hose. The solid fraction is located in the lower container and, if necessary, can be easily removed, since the container is easily removed and has carrying handles.
The advantage of factory designs is also ease of maintenance - it is enough to remove waste from the storage tank, rinse the container and add the substrate.
The easiest way is to buy a ready-made device. For those who want to save money, we will tell you how to make a toilet in the country with your own hands. To do this, you will need several boards, a sheet of plywood, nails and screws, as well as a toilet seat. So, we describe step by step, how to build a peat-type country toilet with your own hands :
- We collect the box, connecting four boards with screws. We make a cutout in the front of the structure for ease of installation of the container.
- We sew the top side of the box with plywood sheet, after cutting a hole in it for a bucket.
- We fasten the legs to the corners of the box in such a way that you can easily replace the waste container.
- We install the structure on the legs and attach a seat to the functional hole (it can be factory made of plastic or wooden).
- Install a plastic bucket under the hole with a layer of peat previously poured to the bottom up to 5 cm.
- If you plan to place a peat toilet in open space, then build a house, for example, the same "Hut".
We specifically do not give the dimensions of the toilet, which is designed for do-it-yourself installation in the country. It is so simple that even a schoolboy can repeat the design. Let me just give a few recommendations :
- Stock up on several buckets with lids. This contributes to the convenience of using the toilet.
- Empty the bucket when the waste is no more than a third full.
- Add composting bioaccelerators to peat.
- Use factory filler.
- Dump the removed waste into a compost heap and after the required time you can use it as fertilizer for garden crops.
We hope that our instructions, which describe step by step how to install a country toilet with your own hands, will help you solve one of the primary tasks that arise when developing a suburban area.
The device for external sewerage in a summer cottage often does not require special knowledge, the main thing is to choose the right place and draw up a simple drawing. It will not be difficult to build a toilet in the country with your own hands according to the drawing, if you adhere to the technology and perform each process with high quality. There are several types of country toilets, so before starting construction, you should familiarize yourself with the features of their construction.
Their design is extremely simple: a hole dug in the ground, a solid ceiling with a hole in the center on top, and a frame with doors sheathed with boards or iron. You can put such a toilet in a few hours. More durable structures are made of brick, but the principle remains the same.
The next option is backlash closet. This type of toilet has an absolutely airtight pit, the contents of which are removed using a sump truck. The toilet cabin is not always located above the pit and can be built into the wall of the house. Pros: no need to look for a plot for the building, it is convenient to use in any weather. Minus: for cleaning it is necessary to hire special equipment, which is very expensive.
Another type of country toilet - powder closet. This structure is being built on a flat area, without a cesspool. For feces, a small container is installed under the toilet seat, which is taken out after filling. This option is convenient for those who visit the country house only periodically, because regular emptying of the tank will still require the arrangement of a cesspool.
Choosing a place for a toilet
When choosing a place for construction, it is necessary to take into account the distance to residential buildings and neighboring areas, the height of groundwater, the location of drinking water wells, and the relief of the site.
Even with proper care from the toilet, unpleasant odors can come out, and the contents of the cesspool will seep into the ground. According to sanitary rules, the distance between a household well and a country toilet should be at least 25 m. This includes not only wells located on the site, but also those belonging to neighbors.
It is necessary to retreat at least 12 m from a residential building, and 1-1.5 m from the borders of neighboring plots. It is allowed to equip a cesspool only if the height of the groundwater is not more than 2.5 m. plot.
And the last thing: the toilet should have easy access not only to household members, but also to special equipment, which will periodically have to be hired for cleaning. These rules apply only to pit latrines, there are fewer requirements for the construction of other types.
Closet construction technology
The most labor intensive is pit toilet construction, therefore, it is recommended to study technology from it. The construction process includes the following steps:
- pit preparation;
- strengthening the walls;
- construction of a toilet house;
- ventilation device.
You can complete each step yourself using the simplest tools. After choosing a site for construction, you should decide how to strengthen the walls of the pit, as well as what the house will be assembled from.
Any base is suitable for a wooden frame, but if the house is planned to be built of brick or stone, the walls of the pit must be reinforced very securely. For convenience, first draw up a drawing of the future toilet and calculate the amount of material from it. When everything is ready, you can get to work.
To dig and strengthen the hole you will need:
- roulette;
- pegs and cord for marking;
- stairs;
- bayonet and pick-up shovels;
- sand and gravel;
- tamper;
- concrete mortar;
- brick, stone or concrete rings.
On the prepared site, markings are made in the form of a square with a side of 1 m. The soil is selected with shovels to a depth of 2 m, trying to leave the walls even so that the pit does not lose its shape. If the foundation pit is strengthened with concrete rings, the pit is made round; its diameter should be 7-10 cm larger than the diameter of the ring.
It is not worth digging a pit of greater depth: this will require additional material costs, and the time to fill the pit will increase quite a bit. But saving and making the pit too small is also not necessary, because then the toilet will have to be cleaned very often.
All the soil taken out of the pit does not need to be removed immediately - it will still be needed to backfill the floor. If groundwater is close, and the soil in the area is not dense enough, the pit should be made airtight to avoid soil contamination. To do this, the bottom is covered with a layer of sand and fine gravel, carefully compacted, poured with concrete.
The concrete solution is prepared in the following ratio:
- 1 part of cement M 400;
- 4 parts of sand;
- 6 parts of small gravel.
Crushed stone can be replaced with medium fraction slag, reducing the amount to 4 parts. Water is added after mixing the dry ingredients in small portions. The finished solution should easily slide off the shovel, but not spread. After pouring concrete, work is suspended for at least 7 days: during this time, the bottom will harden enough, and subsequently it will not be washed away by the contents of the pit. To avoid cracking, during drying, the bottom should be periodically moistened with water and covered with a film from sunlight.
The most practical option for strengthening the walls of the pit is brickwork. You can lay out the walls with bricks yourself, even without the appropriate experience. It is not recommended to use silicate brick, it is better to take burnt red. Masonry is done in half a brick in a checkerboard pattern, on a sand-cement mortar. The wall thickness should be about 20-25 cm, then the reinforcement will be quite reliable and durable. The top row of a brick wall is usually elevated 10-15 cm above the soil level.
In order for the masonry to remain vertical and not deform during work, it is recommended to lay out no more than 6 rows of bricks at a time and continue work no earlier than after 7-8 hours. During this time, the solution will have time to grab and dry a little, so the walls will remain smooth. Every 3 rows, you need to check the verticality of the masonry with a building level. Finished walls are plastered with the same mortar and covered with bituminous mastic.
If concrete rings are chosen for strengthening, you will not be able to do the work yourself. To facilitate the installation process, the hole is first dug to a depth corresponding to the height of the ring. With the help of technology, the concrete product is lifted above the pit and carefully lowered down, and then they dig in with a shovel and select the ground from under the base.
The soil must be chosen evenly so that the ring settling under its own weight is located horizontally. Any, even minor, distortions will complicate the sealing of the pit.
After installing the first, proceed to the installation of the second ring. The concrete is again lifted on cables and leveled above the pit, after which it is gently lowered. Now, in the same way, they dig the ground below until the concrete sinks to the desired depth. The last ring should rise about 10 cm above the soil. All joints are sealed with mortar and covered with bituminous mastic. When the walls are strengthened, the bottom is covered with rubble and sand, tamped and poured with a concrete mixture.
In areas with dense soil and low groundwater levels, sealing the pit is not necessary. After excavation of the earth, the bottom of the pit is covered with sand and tamped, and then the red brick walls are laid out. The laying of the lower rows is made with gaps in a checkerboard pattern, which provide additional drainage. As the walls rise, the gaps between the bricks are reduced, and, starting from the middle and to the top of the pit, the masonry should be solid.
Such reinforcement will protect the walls from destruction by the roots of trees that may grow nearby. Finally, the bottom is covered with a layer of large pebbles or gravel for filtering.
Floor construction
Overlappings for a country toilet must be strong enough to withstand the weight of the house and the person. For a wooden structure, a simple columnar foundation and floors made of thick timber are suitable. At each corner of the cesspool, stepping back from the walls by 15-20 cm, they make a square recess, fill it with crushed stone and sand and concrete.
Brick pillars up to 20 cm high are laid out on top of the concrete and covered with a piece of roofing material for waterproofing. While the foundation is standing, the floor beams are being prepared. Strong, even beams of dense wood are selected, cut to the desired length, impregnated with an antiseptic primer and dried.
Dry beams must be covered with two coats of paint to prolong the life of the wood. After that, a rectangular frame 1x1.2 m is assembled, fixing the beams with bolts. In the middle, the frame is fastened with a bar, and then one of the halves formed is once again blocked with a piece of bar.
Now the frame is mounted on poles so that a whole half of the frame is located above the pit. The part with the partition will be under your feet. The frame fixed with bolts is sheathed with boards 3 cm thick.
If the toilet is made of brick, it is necessary to make a strip foundation. A shallow trench 25-30 cm wide is dug from three sides of the pit. The fourth side of the pit should protrude 20 cm beyond the perimeter of the foundation. Crushed stone is poured into the bottom of the trench, a reinforcing cage is laid, and the foundation is poured with concrete.
The resulting box is covered with metal channels or concrete columns every 30 cm, the rest of the space is covered with reinforcement or chain-link mesh. A spacious hole is left above the pit itself, and a plastic pipe with a diameter of 15 cm is attached to the side. One end of the pipe is lowered into the pit by 10 cm, the other end is brought out.
After that, the ceiling is poured with concrete.
Construction of a wooden house
To build a wooden house you will need:
- dry timber with a section of 100x100 mm;
- 4 wooden beams;
- boards for sheathing;
- level and tape measure;
- hammer, nails;
- hacksaw or jigsaw;
- primer for wood;
- slate;
- loops and hook.
First, the front and back of the frame are assembled from the timber. The height of the front part is approximately 2.1 m, the height of the back is 2 m. Both frames are about 1 m wide. From the inside, the frames are reinforced with spacers made of timber, while in the front part the spacers should not block the passage. 4 beams are installed on the floor base at the corners and fixed with metal plates and anchor bolts. All elements of the frame are treated with a primer and proceed with the installation of the frame.
A front frame is inserted between the front beams and aligned vertically with a level. Having fixed it with nails, insert the rear frame and align it too. The frames are fastened together with transverse bars on the sides of the building.
The upper bars, on which the roof will be attached, are located at an angle, since one frame is lower; the bars should protrude 30 cm in front, 15 cm in the back.
The next step is to install the frame for the pedestal. To do this, another beam is nailed inside the box at a height of 45 cm, which will divide the toilet into 2 parts. Parallel to it, the same beam is attached to the rear frame and 2 more on the sides. When the frame is ready, you can sheathe it. Boards, thick plywood, timber imitation, corrugated board are suitable for sheathing. Inside, the pedestal is sheathed with boards in which a hole is cut.
Above the doors, you can insert glass or just cut a small rhombus.
A ventilation pipe is attached to the back wall with the help of special clamps and its upper end is led out through the roof. Then boards are stuffed onto the frame bars at regular intervals, and slate is laid on them. It remains to assemble the door, fasten the hinges and hook, hang the door leaf. Many people spend a light in the toilet so that it is more convenient to use it in the dark. For greater decorativeness, the house can be painted or painted.
brick house
To build a brick house for a toilet, you need to have at least minimal skills. Such a structure is more reliable and durable, besides it has an attractive appearance.
It is very important to lay out the corners correctly, otherwise the structure will be skewed.
After laying the first two rows of bricks, a wooden frame for the doors should be installed; it must be strengthened with spacers from beams or timber installed outside. At a level of 40 cm from the floor, metal corners are inserted between the bricks of the back wall for attaching the podium. Having reached the top, 1-2 more rows of bricks are made in front to raise the roof. If wiring is planned in the toilet, a piece of hollow tube is concreted between the bricks, through which it will be easy to stretch the wire.
For the podium, boards 30 mm thick are attached to the corners, and the vertical part is laid with bricks. You can sheathe the entire podium with boards by cutting a hole from the top.
The next step is fixing the ventilation pipe. While there is no roofing, a plastic pipe mounted in the base of the toilet from the side of the pit is lifted and fixed on the back wall with clamps. The upper end is passed through the floor beams and raised above the building by 20 cm. After that, the roof is mounted, the door is hung, the light bulb and switch are hung.
Such a toilet is equipped directly in the country house or next to it. A wide pipe departs from the toilet bowl, the second end of which is built into the septic tank. The construction of a septic tank begins with digging a pit, the depth of which is about 1 m. The bottom is covered with rubble, formwork is installed along the walls, and then everything is poured with concrete mixture. When the concrete gets stronger, the formwork is removed, and after complete drying, the surface is treated with mastic.
Outside, around the perimeter of the pit, clay is poured with a layer of about 50 cm. From above, the septic tank is covered with shields, covered with clay, and only a small hole is left for the hatch. The hatch is tightly closed first with cast-iron and then with wooden covers, laying a heater between them.
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