How the roof window crashes. Do-it-yourself installation and installation of skylights - the whole technology of work from A to Z. We choose a double-glazed window for a roof structure

Roof windows in the roof of a private house are not only a functional, but also a decorative element.

Modern roofing eurowindows have turned non-residential attics into cozy, bright attics. Skylights have transformed everyday buildings into contemporary pieces of architecture, bringing light into the space and filling the home with fresh air. Attic eurowindows have brought a new trend to the architecture, allowing you to harmoniously fit the hatches necessary for maintenance into the facade of the building. The roof window allows designers to create a unique attic interior, a romantic bedroom, a nursery, a personal office, a bathroom, or an exquisite winter garden.

Types of skylights

Roof windows meet a number of requirements and perform several advantages:

During the day, natural light penetrates the house, which has a beneficial effect on the general condition of a person.
Skylights are easy to install and save space in the room below.
Mansard roof eurowindows are reliable, ergonomic and easy to use.

Before installing a skylight, you must select the type of construction. The following types of roofing eurowindows are divided:

Auditory are structures that are vertically located in the roof and are necessary for ventilation and lighting of the attic. Their installation requires a separate erection of rafters mounted in the roof. Dormer windows are:

protruding beyond the roof (dormer);
recessed inside (antidormer).

Inclined eurowindows differ from auditory ones in that they are mounted directly into the roof at an angle. Wind windows were invented in the 19th century, and dormer windows in the post-war fifties of the 20th century. Inclined eurowindow is characterized by tightness, practicality, high light transmission and sound insulation. With an excess of sunlight entering the room, the roof window is closed with a canvas or blinds. The light output of an inclined eurowindow is 35% higher than that of a gable or dormer window.

Blinds are installed on the inside of windows.

From the outside, the windows can be protected with shutters.

The gable window is mounted vertically into the gable wall using a gable collar. Gable frames can be opening and non-opening. Such models serve to increase the overview of the surroundings.

Roof hatch window

The roof hatch should organically fit into the appearance of a private cottage. A wonderful solution is the hatch window, which is built into the roof without any problems and looks like an ordinary sloping Euro-window. The hatches are wonderfully in harmony with the external appearance of the entire building and the windows installed in it. Types of roof hatches:

The emergency roof exit looks like an inclined eurowindow. It is endowed with all the functions of simple windows. It is used for technical inspection and access to the roof. To open the sashes, you just need to press the handle and the hatch will open automatically with the help of gas shock absorbers. Such structures are installed on the roof with a slope of 15 to 55 degrees.

Characteristics:

opening angle up to 70 degrees;
combined system of opening and ventilation;
laminated internal glass;
the outer layer is a hardened surface treated with a self-cleaning agent;
size from 700 x 1200 mm to 1006 x 1200 mm.

The roof hatch greatly simplifies roof maintenance.

The operating exit looks like an ordinary mansard hatch-window and serves to exit to the roof. It is installed on roofs with a slope of 15 to 55 degrees, equipped with a supply valve for ventilation of the attic. Opens outward along the side axis.

Characteristics:

the eurowindow is opened with a handle;
the hatch is equipped with a multifunctional double-glazed window;
the sash can open both to the right and to the left;
hatch size - 500 by 930 mm.

Operational access to the roof from the attic.

A hatch window is installed in the attic rooms of buildings for technological inspection and access to the roof. You can choose the type of opening and side. Equipped with a provision for ventilation of the room. Mounted on roofs with a slope of 20 to 65 degrees.

Characteristics:

the lower overlap of the frame serves as a step;
sash fixed in 3 places;
opening angle up to 89 degrees;
size - 490 x 760 mm.

Mansard hatches can have a variety of opening types.

How to choose the right skylights?

When choosing an attic eurowindow, a number of features should be taken into account:

the presence of protection against moisture;
the presence of seals;
profile or frame material;
opening method;
glass strength.

Design features of skylights https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UlwbG2I_Hss In the design of tilted windows, a single-chamber double-glazed window is used, which greatly facilitates the load on fittings and supporting elements. For dormer-windows, a frost-resistant heat-saving double-glazed window is used, which is filled with argon.

Cross-sectional window pane.

Double-glazed windows made using the "triplex" technology will save the inhabitants of the attic from fragments of accidentally broken glass. Since two glasses are glued together with a special film that allows you to hold the fragments. The Easy Clean coating breaks down the dirt accumulated on the eurowindow under the action of sunlight, which makes it easier to clean the glass.

Laminated glass triplex will provide excellent protection for your windows.

Important! It is important to pay attention to the location of the window handle. It should be at a convenient height for use.

Additional options, such as: roller shutters and retaining supports will protect the house from noise, hail, sun and serve as protection against penetration into the home.

Roof window design features

The simplest design of a recessed eurowindow. You can use an already erected ceiling and mount a window under an already finished roof. Such windows are mounted at any time.

This design is not only easy to install, but also very practical.

The protruding roof window must be designed at the construction stage. The design can be mounted for flat and gable roofs. It is much easier to mount protruding ceilings on a flat roof. The mounted side walls of the structure are sewn up with boards and covered with roofing covering material, which covers the entire roof.

This design can also be a good addition to the exterior of the house.

An internal window in the roof can be installed between the beams that hold the roof rafters. The support board is installed between the supports, then the window frame is placed on it. From above, the frame secures the fixing beam. The side walls and drains are covered with a covering material that covers the entire roof.

Roof window installation.

Roof window installation

After the final choice of the model and location of the attic eurowindow, they proceed to its installation. Tilt window installation sequence:

in the roof it is necessary to cut an opening for installing the frame;
the roof is reinforced with additional lags and a frame for the window frame is mounted;
insulation and waterproofing are laid;
roofing material is laid;
window block is installed.

Master class for installing a roof window https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U7mQz8E8v9A Before proceeding with the installation of the euro-window, it is necessary to strengthen the roof structure and mount the frame for the window frame. Strengthening is carried out with the help of rafters standing in the neighborhood. Jumpers are mounted between them, between which beams are mounted under the window frame. A window frame is installed in the resulting frame. The unit should be mounted without glass. The frame should be installed above the level of the roof, which guarantees the drainage of water. After mounting the frame, it is necessary to lay a waterproofing coating that provides water drainage. Modern models of skylights are equipped with additional features. These include remote control for opening windows, roller shutters and protective fences that form a small balcony. Roof window on remote control https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MLKzwRMPCig

Ksenia Skvortsova. Chief Editor. Author.
Planning and distribution of responsibilities in the content production team, work with texts.
Education: Kharkov State Academy of Culture, specialty “Culturologist. Lecturer in History and Theory of Culture. Experience in copywriting: From 2010 to the present. Editor: since 2016.

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Windows on the attic floor can be very diverse. If earlier the attic was perceived as a kind of addition to the common space, and if there were windows on it, then they were not the most difficult, at present the status of the attic floor has changed significantly. Housing with such a floor has become considered elite, and the windows for it are quite complex, functional and beautiful.

What is an attic floor?

The attic, in fact, is not a full-fledged floor: it is an attic space that is used as a residential or technical room. Thus, from the empty space you can get a usable area if you ennoble it, properly insulate and.

Most often, these floors are used as bedrooms, lounges, guest rooms. Less often they are adapted for workshops, pantries. The attic floor can take the form of an ordinary room, and several walls can also be at an angle. It is possible to stand at full height on such a floor, however, not in all parts of the room. From the attic floor, you can make one large or several small rooms suitable for habitation. The disadvantages of such a structure include the lack of natural light. Most often, windows in such structures are not planned, so you have to look for a solution after the construction of the house is completed.

Installing a window in a hole cut in the roof

What are attic windows for?

Without natural light, the attic cannot be considered an attic floor. To use the premises as a living space, you need windows in the attic, the options for which can be quite diverse, ranging from inclined structures that are installed directly into the roofing material, and ending with display windows that occupy spaces from ceiling to floor. The main task of window structures is:

Creation of the necessary illumination of the room.
Blocking warm air inside and isolating cold air from outside.
Giving the desired appearance to the room, because the design is significantly influenced by what kind of window the window will have.

Where is the best place to install a window, and which one?

The design of rooms with can be the most diverse, from a simple room upholstered with clapboard to a complex structure that strikes with comfort and splendor. Much depends on what type of windows will be chosen: they should not only isolate heat and create the necessary illumination, but also fit into the interior in the same style.

It must correspond to the dimensions of the room, the calculation of the dimensions takes place taking into account the illumination that the structure will provide. If the windows are installed between the rafters, their size is usually standard, but if the attic is large, several designs are selected so that the lighting is uniform. Windows need to be wide enough to be placed between the rafters, otherwise the roof will have to be redone, which is expensive and unjustified.

Vertical windows in the attic

In addition, you will need to take into account the slope and height of the roof slopes: if you plan to equip a rest room, study or nursery, it is better to give preference to large windows. The bedroom requires less light, so the size of the window can be smaller. There are three standard sizes:

78x140;
78x118;
78x160.

If larger windows are required, standard designs of 94x140, 114x118 or 114x140 cm can also be ordered. Less common are very small windows, the size of which is 55 or 66 cm; Please note that buying a standard window is much more profitable, as it will cost several times cheaper than one made to your size.

Auxiliary diagram for selecting windows from the angle of the roof slope

Which windows do you prefer?

Choosing in the attic floor , it is important to take into account not only their appearance, shape and size, but also pay attention to such factors:

Protection from moisture and precipitation.
What are the frames made from?
How the window opens.
What type of glass is used.

Windows can seriously differ structurally, the most important role is played by a double-glazed window: the thicker it is, the heavier the window will be, which is not very good for the attic floor, therefore it is quite often used, equipped with a heat-saving system and filled with argon. This allows you to reduce the weight to a minimum, reducing the load on the structure and fittings, while reliably protecting the room from freezing.

It would not be superfluous to use triplex technology: thanks to which the glass is glued, if such a window is broken, there will be no fragments in the room, and it is quite easy to replace the double-glazed window. In addition, you need to pay attention to where the window handle will be. If it is too high and it is inconvenient to get it, you can equip the window with a variety of drives that will help you either lower the handle lower or control the structure using the remote control.

Remote window control

What other windows are there?

There are not only inclined structures that need to be mounted directly into the roof. Some projects have a perfectly suitable design in order to build on the attic floor. Most often, such a decision is laid even during the construction of the house, otherwise then the entire floor will have to be redone. Such windows are an excellent design solution, they give a lot of light, and if the house has a good view, you can admire it while relaxing or before going to bed. It is worth noting that such windows have a number of features:

The complexity of the design and its large size, therefore, the price of such a solution will be much higher than for windows mounted in the roof.
Heaters cannot be placed on the wall directly below the window. You will have to remove them to another wall or install them in front of the window using special fasteners that are screwed to the floor.
The use of curtains also causes difficulties; a special frame is required that is attached to the ceiling.
Such windows have a large area, so it is quite difficult to keep the heat in the room.
A warm design will have a large mass.
It is necessary to calculate that such windows will be even when planning a house. As a rule, it is impossible to install them after construction is completed, or the entire floor has to be dismantled.
Lighting with the help of such windows will be the most correct and natural, however, they give a lot of light, therefore, if you want to equip a bedroom on the attic floor, it is better to think in advance that the windows do not face east. If the design faces south, get ready for the fact that it will be quite hot in the summer, although the problem can be solved with a tinting film.
More than one cannot be used. In addition, the wall in which there will be a floor-to-ceiling window should not be load-bearing.
The large weight of beams and partitions should not press on the structure.
Washing such a window is quite problematic.

Is self-installation possible?

Most often, when buying a skylight, the owner wonders how to spend less money. You should not save on quality, buy cheap fittings or low-quality double-glazed windows. Such savings in the end will cost you more than buying an initially good window. The easiest way to save money is to install the structure yourself.

To do this, you need to clearly know. In fact, it is not difficult, you only need to strictly follow the instructions; it is recommended to get an assistant, since any installation is much more convenient to carry out together. The easiest way is to use the eurowindow: it is inexpensive, relatively easy to install, meets all the requirements for illumination, safety and convenience. Such a window can be installed at any stage of the readiness of the house, it is not necessary to lay down their layout right away.

Attic window installation sequence

If it is planned that it will protrude on the roof, then it must be laid during the installation of the roof, since a special box is required for it. This usually requires a flat gable roof: it is easiest to do the necessary preparatory work on it. To do this, mount the side walls, nail boards to them, cover the structure with roofing material. Such a ledge is sometimes called a cuckoo.

When using a standard internal window, it is installed between the roof beams. They are fixed by the truss system, a support board is installed for the window, which is attached between the rafters, after which the window frame is attached to it. In order for the frame not to fall out, a fixing beam is placed in its upper part. The sides of the window and the drain must be insulated with roofing material similar to the roof covering.

The sequence of actions during work should be as follows:

An opening for a window is cut out in the roof, corresponding in size. The rafter system should not be affected.
For the window frame, a frame is mounted, special support logs are installed.
Lay waterproofing and insulation.
Cover the sides with roofing material.
A window is inserted.

Before starting work, it is necessary to strengthen the roof structure well, mount a reliable frame into which the window frame will be inserted, and you can strengthen the structure using adjacent rafters. Jumpers are attached to them, to which beams are attached to fix the window. The unit is mounted without glass, it is inserted later. The frame must be above the level of the roof, otherwise water will not leave it.

Choosing and installing a window is not the most difficult thing, there are a large number of design solutions that can be implemented when developing a house plan. If it is already built, you can use convenient standard solutions.

Owners who want to turn the attic over the bath into a functional living space need to take care of the free flow of fresh air and daylight. These tasks will be solved by installing skylights, the rules of which differ from the standard technology for mounting facade counterparts. If the owner of the bath decides to equip the windows with slopes, and not gables, the structure with a light-conducting element should become part of a multi-layer roofing system. The window must not only be securely strengthened, but also ensure that the technical characteristics of the roof are maintained, which guarantees a well-executed installation.

Tasks of attic window structures

The complex “pie” of the roof, built according to the rules, retains heat, does not accumulate condensate on the surface, and serves for a long time thanks to excellent under-roof ventilation. Equivalent duties are placed on the “fragile shoulders” of skylights, which, moreover, must open freely and not cause difficulty in closing. Windows along with the roofing system will have to repel atmospheric attacks. Therefore, it is recommended to equip the attic with special designs:

with tempered glass or triplex glass;
with an energy-saving light-transmitting element;
with hermetic seals and overlays;
with a durable frame protected from constant exposure to moisture and UV rays;
with devices providing shading, easy operation, ventilation in summer and winter, protection against insects and dust mist.

If you want to look at the projects of baths with an attic, we advise you to read the article

It is desirable that the use and care of them is not difficult, so that fogging and damp finishes do not irritate the owners. All requirements will be satisfied by the exact selection and perfect installation of skylights, carried out in strict accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and generally accepted technological standards.

Preliminary planning and calculations

Installation without calculations - money down the drain. In order not to have to spend money in vain, you first need to calculate everything, select windows in accordance with the tasks to be solved and the type of roofing material, and determine the place for their installation.

Glazing area calculation

The formula is extremely simple, the result depends on the floor area. Every 10 m² must be illuminated by 1 m² of glazing, regardless of the size of the window. There is a nuance that slightly corrects the amount of light entering through the attic window. The higher the window opening, the more daylight passes through it. However, too high an arrangement will interfere with admiring the surrounding nature and such an installation is more suitable for sloping roofs with slope angles of 15-20º.

Unspoken laws and architectural aesthetics force roofs with steep slopes to be equipped with windows whose lower line is on average from 1.00 to 1.40 m. The lower limit is 0.80 m, the upper limit is 1.90 m. However, the height of the location is practically does not affect the dimensions of skylights. In any case, the total area of the light-transmitting elements should be calculated according to the above formula, and the owner will want one, four or two windows - a choice based on personal preferences.

Which window to buy?

The buyer is now offered a lot of different designs with numerous functions, which are not worth listing in this article. The difference is not only in dimensions, but also in the mechanisms of action, in the location of the rotary axis and the window handle. The last characteristic affects the installation height of the window in the attic. The handle is too high - it is inconvenient to open if there is no remote control attached to the window, too low - it is dangerous if children are resting in the bath attic. In addition to the handle, as a point of application of constant effort, the type of roofing material affects the choice of window. The higher its relief, the greater the height should be at the outer window frame. Products with the Fakro brand, for example, have a special marking, according to which windows are selected for attics with tiles, ondulin, metal profiles or a smooth roll coating.

Usually, the factory equipment includes fasteners, mounting angles, a waterproofing apron with a vapor-removing effect, special sealant and adhesive tape. Of course, it is better to purchase a complete kit with all the necessary accessories for installation. However, in the absence of insulation, waterproofing and a corrugated vapor barrier membrane, all this can be bought separately or made from materials offered by hardware stores.

Important! The installation of a drainage gutter above the top line of the roof window is a prerequisite. If it is not included, you can make a gutter from a piece of waterproofing material folded in half.

It is difficult to say what initially needs to be decided by the owner of the bath, who wants to install dormers with his own hands. Determination of the installation site should be carried out in parallel with the selection of the optimal design. More precisely, these issues are solved in the aggregate.

Choosing a place to install windows

Location is an important factor that determines the service life of the entire roof, interior decoration and aesthetic data of the building. Before figuring out how to install a roof window, you should find the best place for its installation.

Valuable professional advice. No need to arrange window openings:
on the slopes of the valley, as precipitation will accumulate in the inner corners formed by it;
near ventilation ducts, chimneys, the operation of which will cause condensation to form;
near junctions to horizontal walls due to accumulation of precipitation and possible shading.

Professionals advise not to get involved in the proximity of any nodes of the roofing system at all.

The height limits of the opening under the roof window have already been mentioned. There are no clear technical guidelines on this matter, therefore it is impossible to say for sure what has more impact on the choice.

Definitely the type of roofing material. Any soft roll variety can be cut anywhere. No tiles! It must be positioned so that the bottom line of the window structure is located above the row of “uncut” whole tiles.

Attention. If it is not possible to arrange an opening over a row of solid tiles, it will have to be disassembled, and after installation, cut or shaped elements should be laid over the window frame.

A significant criterion is the pitch of the rafters. It is advisable not to violate the integrity of the truss system. It is recommended to buy windows, the size of which allows them to be freely installed between two adjacent rafters with a margin of 7-10 cm. The margin is necessary for laying a heat-insulating layer. If the pitch of the truss system is not sufficient for a large window, it is better to purchase and install two or three small ones side by side.

Note. If it is necessary to remove a part of the rafter for window installation, a horizontal beam is installed in the window opening to increase the strength of the truss structure.

Top or bottom handle. Roof windows with upper handles are arranged at a height of up to 1.10 m, with lower handles - at a height of up to 1.70 m.

The owner, who chooses a place for installation, needs to take into account that a heating device must be installed under the glazed structure, because the rational heating of the roof windows will eliminate the formation of condensate. This factor also affects the installation height. And one more thing: the buyer of remote-controlled windows needs to worry about cable routing.

Stages of window installation in the attic

The whole process of installing a window in the attic can be divided into a number of technological stages:

preparation of the opening for the installed window;
installation of a frame with a previously dismantled double-glazed window;
laying of insulating material, waterproofing;
fixing the factory gutter above the top line of the window structure or constructing it from a piece of waterproofing;
installation and fastening of salary details;
return to the place of the dismantled double-glazed window in reverse order;
interior finishing with vapor barrier laying and slope construction.

The manufacturer's instructions describe in detail the installation of skylights: the owner of the bath, who does not have experience in this area, will be able to carry out the installation with his own hands, following the instructions exactly. We will only note the key points that may be left unattended. But taking them into account is a guarantee of a quality installation.

Opening device rules

Since heat-insulating material is to be laid between the frame and the opening along the entire perimeter, an allowance of 2-3.5 cm must be left on each side of the rectangle, depending on the thickness and density of the insulation.
Between the bottom line of the window structure and the roofing material, a technological gap must be left, the value of which depends on the type of roofing. For an attic with tiles, for example, you need to leave 9 cm.
Between the upper mounting beam and the roofing material, 4-10 cm are left. They are necessary so that the window does not “skew” in case of shrinkage of the wooden truss structure.
The window frame will be attached to the rafters or to special rails, fixed in level in a strictly horizontal direction. Reiki is made of timber with dimensions equal to the crate timber.
On the inside, along the waterproofing or on the existing finish, an outline is drawn according to the calculated distances.
Waterproofing is not cut out along the contour of the window! You need to cut it with a kind of “envelope” so that overlaps of 20-25 cm remain. The overlaps are then turned outward, fastened with a stapler to the frame or to the crate, and the excess is cut off. A waterproofing apron will be “put on” on top of them so that the insulating shell is completely sealed.

Specifics of window frame installation

Mounting brackets are attached to the frame according to the manufacturer's instructions. The window manufacturer Fakro advises dismantling the double-glazed window before fixing the brackets, the manufacturer Velux recommends removing the double-glazed window after fixing the brackets and “baiting” the frame in the opening. It is more convenient to lay and fix the heat-insulating material along the upper and lower lines of the window system and fix it with a stapler before installing the frame in the prepared opening.

Advice. Thermal insulation can be placed in the opening before the frame is installed and attached to the upper and lower mounting beams.

Frame installation and mandatory adjustment

The lower brackets are fixed firmly, and the screws of the upper brackets are not tightened to the end. A slight play is needed for adjustment.
It is during this period that the horizontals and verticals are verified, the adjustment is made with the help of plastic corners in case of deviations. Experts advise to temporarily put the sash in place to check how it will fit to the frame. No need to be lazy, after fixing the salary, it will no longer be possible to correct shortcomings and serious mistakes.
The distances between the opening and the frame on the left and right must be equal.
After adjustment, all fasteners can be tightened tightly, lay a waterproofing apron around the frame, attach thermal insulation along the side lines of the frame with a stapler.

To install a drainage gutter in the crate above the window, you need to cut two pieces, the size of which is equal to the height of the drainage device, and cut a piece of waterproofing according to these dimensions. The gutter must be led under the cut section of the waterproofing and attached to the crate. Note. The condensate drainage gutter is placed at an angle so that moisture does not linger, but spontaneously flows into the ventilation gap of the roof.

Completion of installation operations

The penultimate touch - the setting of the salary must thoroughly comply with the manufacturer's instructions. General rule: always start with the fastening of the lower element, and all the details of the salary are brought under the elastic seal. Then, in the reverse order of dismantling, put the frame in place. From the inside, a vapor barrier material is laid and the design of the roof window is performed by installing slopes.

Important. The plane of the lower slope must be set strictly horizontally, that is, perpendicular to the floor surface. The top slope must be perfectly vertical.

This is not a complete, but rather "detailed" list of nuances, according to which the installation of roof windows is carried out. More precisely, the article is a list of general recommendations that must be followed regardless of the specific features of window structures from a particular manufacturer. A strict rule is compliance with the installation technology attached to the product. It will help an independent installer to eliminate errors, and it will allow the customer to competently control the process.

In a private house, every meter of usable area counts. The owners are thinking about how to rationally use free and utility rooms. A striking example of turning a useless empty attic into a cozy living space is the arrangement of the attic. In the second half of the 17th century, the famous French architect Francois Mansart, after whom the attic was named, drew attention to abandoned attic spaces and suggested using them as living rooms for the poor.

Since then, the concept of using these areas has evolved so that today the attic is a cozy, bright, warm and comfortable place to relax and live, equipped with all necessary communications and beautifully decorated. If you carry out the necessary work on insulation, insulation and finishing, then the attic can act as a full-fledged residential floor, in which there will be bedrooms for residents, and bathrooms with bathrooms, dressing rooms. In high-rise buildings, the most expensive real estate is luxuriously finished attic rooms - penthouses.

This solution gives the house a lot of advantages:

increase in living and usable area;
excellent overview of the site and surrounding landscapes;
improving the design and appearance of the building;
reduction of heat loss, heating costs.

When designing, one of the important tasks is the correct placement of skylights to ensure maximum daylight.

Peculiarities

During the construction of the attic, it is necessary to strictly observe the current building codes and regulations. According to SNiPs, the glazing area should be at least 10% of the total footage of the illuminated room. It should also be taken into account that the sun rotates during daylight hours and will shine through the windows for only a few hours. Every room must have at least one window.

Dormer windows are mounted directly into the roof slope, so they differ significantly from the front windows both in terms of technical characteristics and design.

Attic frames have the following advantages:

A tilted window increases daylight penetration by 30-40% compared to vertical glazing, saving energy and lighting costs.
A specially designed system allows you to ventilate the rooms and provide sufficient ventilation and fresh air in any weather.
Together with the light in the rooms, comfort is added, a comfortable and warm atmosphere of a lived-in home is created.
Frames have increased heat and sound insulation, they are airtight when closed.
Frames do not rot, do not fade, do not require re-painting.

Glass made of special triplex withstands high mechanical loads; when broken, it does not spill out, but is covered with a network of cracks, remaining in the frame.
Triplex has the ability to scatter light rays, which prevents furniture and things from fading and creates comfortable lighting for the eyes.
If you have building skills and knowledge of technology, you can install windows on your own.

If there are no such skills, it is better to entrust the installation to experienced professionals in order to avoid errors and problems during use.

During the installation and operation of such double-glazed windows, disadvantages and difficulties may appear, which have the following solutions:

In the warm season, in summer, the temperature rises above the norm, it becomes very hot. This problem can be solved by installing a window on the north slope of the roof or by hanging special reflective curtains or film, blinds. You can also increase the layer of thermal insulation and make a visor or overhang that shade the window.
Violation of tightness, leakage, formation of condensate, ice. Buying non-certified or fake cheap double-glazed windows, installation errors, can lead to such problems. Frozen water creates an increased load on the frame seals, over time, deformation occurs in the seals and it becomes possible for moisture to seep into the room. The solution is strict adherence to technology and proper window care. It is recommended to clean the seals and treat them with liquid silicone grease.
High cost, which is twice the price of conventional metal-plastic windows. A more complex device, materials and accessories of increased strength increase the price of the product. Proper quality and reliability in use are guaranteed only by large well-known brands for their products.

Windows purchased with a guarantee will last a long time and will not cause trouble for the owners.

Types of structures

Roof windows differ in the material of manufacture and in design. There are deaf closed double-glazed windows that can be made to order, or a standard version with opening doors. The double-glazed window consists of a double layer of triplex with an interval of a special film that prevents fragments from flying around the room. The top layer of the double-glazed window is made of tempered glass, which has a large margin of safety.

Double-glazed windows for regions with different weather and temperature conditions are produced with different technical characteristics. For cold northern regions, it is preferable to choose a multi-layer double-glazed window, in each chamber of which an inert gas is pumped to retain heat. For hot and sunny countries, it is recommended to buy double-glazed windows with reflective films, mirror and tinted coatings.

The frames are wooden - they are made of glued laminated timber, impregnated with antiseptic compounds and varnished for outdoor use.

Wooden beams are covered with polyurethane for durability. Natural material fits perfectly into the interior of a country and country house.

Frames with PVC plastic profile are produced. This plastic is light and has fire-fighting characteristics, frost-resistant.

Aluminum metal profiles are widely used in public and office buildings.

Armored frames are also available to build attic structures - they are heavier and stronger than standard ones and withstand extreme mechanical and weather loads.

Opening mechanisms are available with manual or automated remote control. There are windows with an upper axis of rotation, with a central one, with a raised axis. There are also two axes of rotation on the frame, controlled by one handle. Opening occurs in two positions - folding and turning.

"Smart" windows are controlled using a remote control or a wall keyboard, which are also connected to blinds or shutters, roller shutters, curtains. It is possible to program it to close when it begins to rain, then the window closes to the "ventilation" position. Automation for windows can be integrated into the "smart home" system, climate control system. With a critical increase in temperature in the room, the doors will open electrically, and at the first drops of rain, a special sensor will give the command to close. The program controls the processes during the absence of the residents of the house, maintaining the set humidity and temperature indicators.

Facade or cornice double-glazed windows are placed at the junction of the facade and the roof, they combine the characteristics of ordinary windows and attic windows. They look very original and increase the flow of light entering the room.

You can buy a structure in the form of a dormer window, only with transparent walls for more illumination.

The transforming window, when opened, turns into a small comfortable balcony; when closed, it has a standard look.

Skylights are designed to be installed on flat roofs and are designed with a special slanted frame to prevent the sun from hitting them directly.

Light tunnels are placed in the presence of an attic space above the attic. The window itself is mounted in the roof, a corrugated pipe is attached, which transmits the rays to the ceiling, which scatters the flow of light.

Sizes and shapes

The shape of a standard slanted window is rectangular, it can also be square. The design consists of a frame and a sash, a sealant, fittings, a salary. Standard frames are mounted on inclined flat roof slopes.

Arc or arched frames have a curved shape. They are designed for slopes of the appropriate shape, vaulted roofs.

Round windows are produced that look original and romantic in the interior.

Combined frames consist of two parts. The lower part is usually rectangular in shape. The upper window is called an extension and can be both rectangular and triangular, semicircular.

The sizes of windows and their dimensions depend on various individual parameters, angles and dimensions of the room and roof:

the width of the frame is determined by the distance between the roof rafters;
the height is calculated by placing the lower and upper levels of the window so that it is convenient to open and look into it;
the angle of inclination of the roof is also taken into account.

The factories produce a wide range of products of standard dimensions.

If no option suits the client or he wants an exclusive, then there is the possibility of ordering. A measurer will come from the office and take measurements for free, calculate the parameters, draw up drawings. To order, they make large and curly shapes and various sizes of frames.

In addition to the drawing, the attic arrangement project requires a window layout, a working estimate.

Necessary tools and accessories

In addition to the frames and double-glazed windows themselves, manufacturing companies produce various additional accessories and components for installation, protection during operation, opening control, maintenance. These accessories are indoor, outdoor, they change the characteristics, add functionality, decorate and complete the composition. Installation is possible after installation of windows or during it.

External accessories:

The flashing is mounted on top of the frame and protects the joint between the window and the roof from rainwater and other precipitation. For different types of roofs, salaries of different prices are selected, therefore salaries are not included in the cost of windows. To ensure maximum waterproofing of the window, the salary is recessed into the roof covering by 6 cm. They are made in various shapes, including for cornices and skates. For different types of roofs, corresponding salaries are issued. The higher the wave of roofing, the higher the salary is bought.
Awnings shade the window opening and reduce light transmission, create coolness on hot summer days, protect from ultraviolet radiation, taking up to 65% of the light. Other advantages of awnings are noise reduction, rain effect. At the same time, the view when looking at the street through the awning mesh is not distorted.
Roller shutters completely close the opening and are an effective barrier to intruders, as well as significantly reduce the level of noise coming from the street. Models of roller shutters are sold, manually operated by a rod or using a solar-powered remote control.
Drives for automatic opening and closing are powered by mains or solar panels. They allow you to automate the process of controlling the movement of the valves.
The mortise lock is an additional means of home security.

Internal accessories:

The mosquito net is made of fiberglass and an aluminum frame and is installed along special guides that prevent the product from being torn off during strong gusts of wind. The mesh allows sunlight to pass through completely, but keeps dust, insects, lint and debris out.
Blinds are available in a wide range of colors and allow you to change the angle and degree of illumination, or they can completely darken the room. Equipped with remote control systems.
Roller blinds shade the room and are a decorative element of the interior of the rooms, hiding the room from prying eyes. Pleated curtains look very attractive, giving the interior airiness and a modern look. The coating applied on top of the roller blinds reduces the temperature in the room during the summer heat. To control and move curtains, telescopic retractable rods are used.

Curtains can be installed and fixed in any position thanks to special guides. Curtains are easy to care for, they are easy to clean with detergents.

Additional accessories and fittings:

The lower handles are placed for the convenience of manually opening high-lying frames, while the upper handles are blocked. The handle is usually equipped with a lock.
The telescoping rod and stick are manual controls for doors, blinds, mosquito nets and curtains. Intermediate elements for rods are sold, the prefabricated structure reaches a length of 2.8 m.
Vapor and waterproofing kits are produced ready for installation, making installation faster and easier.
Ready-made slopes made of PVC are easily mounted from the inside of the room and do not require painting.
The factory equipment often includes corners for installation, fastening materials - galvanized nails. Also on the list is a vapor barrier apron, special sealant and adhesive tape.
The drainage gutter, which must be mounted above the window opening, serves to drain rainwater and condensate.

Films for gluing on glass with a mirror or tinted effect reduce the temperature in the attic in summer and shade the room.

For installation work, you will need the following tools:

linear or circular saw or hacksaw;
construction stapler;
roulette and level;
screwdriver and fasteners;
electric scissors for cutting metal;
pincers "corrugation";
drill.

How to install with your own hands?

Installation of roof windows is recommended to be carried out at the stage of construction of the truss system. This is a complex and time-consuming process that is best left to professionals, but if necessary, installation can be done on your own, having the necessary tools, skills and experience in the field of construction, knowledge of technology. The designs of various manufacturing companies are installed in different ways, they have separate features of the installation technology.

Location is a very important aspect that affects the overall composition of the building, technical characteristics, proper functioning and service life of not only windows, but the entire roof. It is necessary to take a house project with detailed dimensions, it will be possible to make accurate calculations from them.

There are certain rules for choosing the optimal and safe place.

at the junction of horizontal surfaces;
close to chimneys and ventilation outlets;
on the slopes of the so-called valley, which forms internal corners.

In these areas, the maximum accumulation of precipitation and condensate occurs, which greatly complicates the operating conditions and increases the risk of fogging and leakage.

The height of window openings from the floor level is determined by the height of the handle. If it is located at the top of the sash, then the optimal window height is 110 cm from the floor. At this height, it is convenient to open the sash manually. If the handle is located at the bottom of the glass, the height cannot be less than 130 cm, especially if children are in the attic, and the maximum height is 170 cm. points - radiators under the windows. They are placed there to prevent condensation. The steepness of the slopes also affects the location of the structure - the smaller the angle of inclination, the higher the window is placed.

The type and properties of the roofing material also determine the location. Soft or rolled material can be cut in the right place, but the tiles must be solid. In this case, the opening is placed above the row of tiles.

The window landing depth has three standard values provided by the manufacturer. Outside the window structure, special grooves are cut, marked with the letters N, V and J, indicating different planting depths. Flashings for each depth are made separately, supplied with the appropriate marking, where the depth is indicated by the last letter, for example, EZV06.

Installation of frames is carried out in the intervals between the rafters at a distance of 7-10 cm from them in order to lay the heat-insulating material. The truss system provides the strength of the roof, so it is undesirable to violate its integrity.

If the frame does not fit into the rafter pitch, it is better to install two smaller ones instead of one large window. When the removal of a part of the rafter is still necessary, it is imperative to install a special horizontal bar for strength.

To calculate the dimensions of the opening, you need to add to the size of the window a gap of 2-3.5 cm for laying insulation on four sides. Mineral wool often acts as a heat-insulating material. A mounting gap is left between the opening and the cutout of the roof, the width of which is determined by the type of roofing material. For tiles, for example, it should be 9 cm. To avoid skewing the window when the house shrinks, the gap between the upper beam and the roof is 4-10 cm.

Installation is desirable on the rafters, but it is also possible on a special crate. The lathing bars are installed between the rafters strictly horizontally in level. Outside, a drainage gutter is attached above the planned opening. It is mounted at an angle so that condensate flows freely onto the roof, bypassing the window. You can make such a gutter with your own hands by folding a piece of waterproofing sheet in half.

When all dimensions are calculated, you can draw and cut a drywall opening layout. On the finished waterproofing of the inside of the roof or on the finish, it is also necessary to draw an outline of the opening, drill several holes to relieve stress and prevent deformation. Then cut two strips crosswise with a band or circular saw and cut the resulting triangles, adjust the edges strictly according to the outline. The waterproofing is cut with the same envelope and wrapped outward, attaching to the crate.

If metal tiles, slate, corrugated board or sheet iron are used as the roofing material, then an opening is sawn from the outside using a similar technology. If the roof is covered with tiles, you should first disassemble the coating, and then cut it out. Lay the heat insulator and shoot with a stapler to the mounting bars. After all work is completed, the dismantled elements of the roofing are returned to their place.

Before mounting the frame in the prepared opening, you need to remove the double-glazed window and remove the salary. Mounting brackets are included and vary from manufacturer to manufacturer. They are also fastened in different ways: some on the rafters, others on the rafters and on the crate. Mounting brackets are also included as standard, they are equipped with a measuring ruler for the correct adjustment of the position of the frame in the opening. Screws and galvanized nails are used as fastening material.

The frame without a double-glazed window must be installed in place in the window opening and correct the position of the lower edge of the box, screw the bottom brackets to the stop. It is better to leave the upper mounts with play and not completely tighten to facilitate subsequent adjustment. Experts advise inserting the sash into the frame to check for a snug fit and correct gaps. At this stage, all levels, angles and distances are checked, inaccuracies are corrected, the frame is adjusted into place using plastic corners. In the future, the correction of distortions will be impossible. After adjustment, the sash is carefully dismantled again so as not to damage the hinges.

After adjusting and fitting, the brackets are twisted tightly and a waterproofing apron is laid around the box, the top of the apron is placed under the drainage gutter, one edge of the apron is shot with a stapler to the frame, and the other is led under the crate. Thermal insulation is attached along the side parts of the frame.

The installation of the salary must be carried out strictly according to the manufacturer's instructions. For different brands, it varies, and their equipment is also different. In any case, the lower part of the salary is mounted first, then the side elements, and then the upper part, and only at the end are the overlays installed.

From the inside, the finishing of the window and the installation of ready-made factory slopes are carried out. Their correct position is such that the lower slope should look horizontally, and the upper one - strictly vertically, otherwise the convection of warm air around the window structure will be disturbed, and unwanted condensate will appear. The slopes are fixed mainly by snapping onto special locks.

Plastic

Mansard window structures made of plastic PVC profiles are offered by all major well-known manufacturing companies. Due to the properties of plastic, a line of such products is used in rooms with high levels of humidity, in regions with a humid climate. A good solution is to install a PVC transformer window. When opening the lower sash, a small balcony is formed. Complex structures are also glazed with plastic frames, for example, balconies and loggias in gables; if desired, or if there are beautiful views, the entire gable section from floor to ceiling can be made glass.

These frames have several fixation positions, their opening mechanism is along the central axis. Double-glazed windows with tempered glass withstand significant mechanical loads and even the weight of a person. For comfortable ventilation, ventilation valves with special removable filters are provided; they are designed to purify the air in the room with the windows closed.

The service life of plastic frames with regular inspection and preventive care is at least 30 years. You don't need to constantly paint them.

Wooden

The most popular material for attic frames is wood. Since the tree absorbs moisture, swells, and dries out under the influence of the sun, such material is not used without special protective measures. Basically, they use northern pine, the reliability and strength of which has been tested for centuries, solid or glued laminated timber. It is impregnated with antiseptics and coated with a double layer of varnish. In this case, the tree does not rot, does not deform, and acquires durability. Some manufacturers cover the wooden pine beam with monolithic polyurethane. This coating increases the service life of the box and gives it extra strength.

The main advantage of wood is environmental friendliness, safety for human health. Thanks to the beautiful natural texture, reinforced with varnish, it looks natural and harmonious in the interior, emphasizing the atmosphere of a country house. These windows are the most affordable and have the widest range of models and varieties, fixtures and opening mechanisms. These frames can be both vertical and installed in a dormer window in the roof, and inclined for installation on roof slopes at an angle. They are perfect for offices, bedrooms, living rooms and children's rooms.

metal

Aluminum roof frames are mainly used in offices, hospitals, administrative buildings for various purposes. They have a rigid, durable construction, relatively light weight, withstand strong and sharp temperature fluctuations - from -80 to + 100 degrees.

The metal profile is cold and warm type.

You can choose the most suitable shade from a rich palette of colors in which metal profiles are painted. During operation, they do not require any preventive maintenance, except for washing the glass.

Installing roof windows is a time-consuming and responsible business. Experienced specialists share many years of experience and give valuable advice on their correct installation in order to avoid errors and errors during installation, as well as on preventive maintenance so that they serve reliably for as long as possible.

Failure by the buyer to follow the manufacturer's instructions for self-assembly may void the warranty.
Upon acceptance of a window delivered from the factory or from a store, it should be carefully inspected for integrity and conformity with the configuration, dimensions, visual defects and packaging damage. In case of non-compliance with the requirements, the acceptance certificate should not be signed.
It is not recommended to use mounting foam for installation. In this case, only special insulating sealants are needed. Mounting foam will not provide waterproofing, and when solidified and expanded, it will create an additional load on the frame and can move structural elements and jam the sash.

Before mounting the box, be sure to remove the sash from the frame so as not to damage the hinges. After the box will stand in the opening in its place, its position will be adjusted, the sash is put back.

After installing the box, it should be insulated, carefully tucking mineral wool around the window and be sure to lay it under the slopes.
Adjustment is made at the stage of baiting the box, and only then are the fasteners tightened to the stop. At the subsequent stages of installation, the correction of the position of the box is not possible.
When buying, be sure to check the complete set, the compatibility of all components and components of the structure, compare the dimensions with the project or drawing, draw up an agreement in which you indicate all the nuances of the order.
Products must be certified and have all accompanying and warranty documents, as well as detailed instructions for installation and proper operation.
Mounting the box on the rafters is much stronger, but when mounted on the crate, it is easier to align the frame.

Famous manufacturers and reviews

The most well-known and large companies that are leaders in the construction market of skylights and accessories for them offer customers high-quality certified products, as well as additional accessories and means of preventive treatment of windows during the entire service life.

Danish firm Velux has been working in Russia since 1991. Unique developments and inventions have made this manufacturer one of the leaders of brands represented in Russia. In addition to the main products, the company offers customers a full range of components and accessories that are fully compatible with windows. The innovative material used by the company for the production of wooden frames is northern pine, proven for centuries in Europe, impregnated with antiseptic compounds and covered with monolithic polyurethane or a double layer of varnish.

Among the numerous patented inventions, one can note a unique ventilation system equipped with fine filters and a special window-valve built into the opening handle for comfortable ventilation.

On the "warm perimeter" glazing, which uses energy-saving double-glazed windows filled with argon, a steel dividing bar is placed. Thanks to it, condensation does not form along the perimeter of the window.

No drafts and gaps, a three-level sealing system, silicone instead of a sealant, only innovative and proven materials - all this is provided by the company's products. According to the results of examinations, Velux windows adequately withstand frosts down to -55 degrees and are recommended for installation in the northern regions.

The main line of Velux models is produced in large and medium sizes.

german windows Roto first appeared in 1935. The products of this company are manufactured from high-quality plastic multi-chamber PVC profile. The windows of this company are distinguished by small and medium dimensions. Standard sizes are 54x78 and 54x98. All the best material properties of Roto products are ideal for the climatic conditions of our country, sudden changes in the weather, a large abundance of precipitation.

It is possible to install piston electric drives on Roto sashes that prevent the window from slamming, you can control the sashes using a remote control or a smart home system. Installation is allowed not only to the rafters, but also to the crate, models are available that are mounted without first removing the sash. The products of this company receive excellent reviews from both professional builders and owners of private houses who have been using German windows for many years.

Company fakro For 10 years, it has been producing structures that undergo more than 70 different checks and tests before being sold. Strength and other parameters are also tested for raw materials and components. Outside, the design is protected by overlays.

You can decorate the frame from the inside by snapping the factory-ready slope to the branded locks. Control is possible using a wall keyboard, remote controls, from a smartphone via the Internet or manually.

For the convenience of working with its products, this manufacturer has developed mobile applications, conducts regular training seminars for builders, review TV shows. To perform custom-made qualified installation of windows, there are certified teams, as well as official service centers for repair and preventive maintenance of products. There is a lifetime warranty on the glass unit and spare parts. Replacement of these components is absolutely free, regardless of the service life and the cause of damage. The creation of such an infrastructure for the convenience of purchase and maintenance allowed the company to gain well-deserved popularity and become one of the leaders in the Russian market.

Successful examples and options

Designers and architects create impressive buildings - real works of architectural art, which combine imposing and modern openness and lightness of interiors. The variety of complex fantasy shapes and the boldness of skylight solutions are amazing. The rapid development of building technologies and innovations makes it possible to design unusual attics that reflect the individuality and taste of the owners.

When making repairs in the attic, the owners also think over the decorative design of window openings. Hanging heavy and curtains in such interiors is undesirable. It is better to give preference to light curtains, blinds, roller shutters. A harmonious combination of shades will create a modern, light and cozy interior.

The presence of an attic floor provides an opportunity to use the entire area available in a residential building with maximum benefit. To provide the necessary degree of illumination in the under-roof space, windows are installed in the slopes, which at the same time contribute to ventilation.

An attic with window openings looks much more attractive and aesthetic than without them. You can mount a window in the attic roof with your own hands, but the process is not easy, with many nuances. The tightness of the entire roof structure depends on the correct installation.

Therefore, in the absence of relevant experience, it is advisable to contact specialists, then it will be possible to avoid troubles in the form of leaks or cold penetration. If you don’t want to involve professionals, you must strictly adhere to the recommendations that are written in the instructions of the manufacturers of such windows.

Types of windows for attics

On the attic floor, homeowners install various types of window products. For example, windows can be vertical, differing little from standard products used in frontal glazing.

They are placed either in the gables of the building, or in the slope of the roof in a structure called the "house" or "birdhouse". They look attractive and decorate the appearance of the building, but little light penetrates through them.

Inclined windows for attics are placed flush with the roof slope, they let in more sunlight by about 30-40% and differ in their structural device, material of manufacture and method of opening. For the production of window products for attic spaces, aluminum, high-quality wood, or a PVC profile are used.

The classification based on differences in the design of the roof window is as follows:

Products with a square or rectangular shape. They are installed more often than all other windows. They consist of a frame and a sash, they can also be a blank double-glazed window.
balcony items. This design incorporates an inclined frame in the roof slope and a vertical window under it, less often on the side. Both parts open, and the inclined upwards, and the vertical - to the side or down. Such a device allows you to equip an exit to the balcony.
The lower element located under the slanted window. This is a blind window located under a swinging sash. This type of construction is used in cases where the height of the slope is not enough to accommodate two windows.
top element. This is a decorative window product located above an inclined window. It is made either triangular or rounded.
Cornice window structures. They are preferred to be installed when there is a high wall in the attic that does not allow you to look out into the street. Then a window is mounted under it, opening vertically.
Light tunnel. It is equipped in the place of the slope, which does not have direct contact with the room. A reflective tunnel is directed from the window, usually in the form of a pipe, which leads to a place that requires lighting - a ceiling is mounted there that can scatter light.

All attic windows, regardless of their type, are manufactured at enterprises equipped with special equipment and subjected to strength tests. They cost a lot, but experts do not advise thinking about how to make a roof window with your own hands, since it cannot guarantee tightness and a comfortable stay in the house.

According to the method of opening, such products are of several types:

With a central axis of rotation of the valves. They can be rotated 180 degrees and this circumstance allows you to wash the glass from the side of the street without any problems.
With raised pivot. It is located at a distance of about 2/3 from the bottom edge of the window opening.
With combined axle. The window has an upper and a central axis. One of them provides the ability to open it to an angle of 45 degrees, and the second - to fully scroll.
With side pivot. Such windows open as standard. They are called "mansard hatches", as they are used to exit to the roof surface.
With bottom pivot. Only sashes for balcony windows are produced with it. They can only be opened forward.
With remote control. In attic rooms with high ceilings, when it is not possible to open the window manually, they use a remote control that operates from the mains. In this case, a power line is specially brought to the place of its installation.

When choosing such a window, you need to consider:

structural features of the roof;
how convenient it will be to use;
area and parameters of the room.

The location of the window, as well as the view from it, may depend on the height of the attic floor and the slope of the slope.

Roof window design

Window products for attic living quarters have a complex structural arrangement. For the reliability of the windows, heavy-duty glass is installed in them, which are able to withstand increased pressure.

They consist of a frame, sashes, swivel fittings. A double-glazed window filled with an inert gas is inserted into the sash.

Also included in the kit is:

2 aprons - hydro and vapor barrier;
drainage chute;
insulation;
protective salary;
internal slopes.

The cost of installing a roof window depends on the planned scope of work and on the list of various elements included in the kit.

Self-installation of the attic window

Once again, it should be noted that you need to order such a service from certified craftsmen who know how to make a skylight on the roof in full accordance with the technology.

The cost of arranging a window structure depends on whether the laying of the roof finish is done or the construction has not yet been completed. The price will be less if the roof is covered and the interior work is not done.

Selecting window type and installation location

The opening parameters are selected taking into account the quadrature of the attic room and the gap between the rafters. It is desirable that the window is located between the rafters.

According to the accepted rules, the size of such a window should be at least 10% of the area of the room. Its width must be made 4-6 centimeters less than the gap between the rafters. When it is too small, for example, 60 centimeters, you can mount two windows side by side, placing them in adjacent sections.

The height of the installation is affected by the angle of inclination of the slope and the location of the handle on the window. On steep roofs, it is desirable to place the window opening at the bottom, and on flat ones - at the top. For a window in this case, the optimal distance from the floor is approximately 80–130 centimeters. When the handle is at the top, the window structure is mounted at a height of 100 - 110, and if at the bottom - 120 -130 centimeters.

In addition, the type of roofing affects the height of the window. For example, when it is planned to install ceramic tiles, you need to remember that you can not cut it. The window in this case should be located above the tiles. If the products are sheet, you can cut holes in them in the right place. By the way, so that the window does not fog up, is not subjected to icing, condensate does not collect on it, a heater is placed under it.

When the number of windows, their parameters and the place of installation are selected, you need to correctly purchase a salary for them. Window products from different manufacturers have their own characteristics and differences in configuration. Window accessories should be selected from a specific manufacturer from the same product line, as can be seen from the markings on the products.

Preparing a place for a window

There is a certain order on how to make a skylight at home correctly. In the case when the roof is ready, and there is no interior decoration, the location of the opening is marked from the inside of the room on the waterproofing material. The distance from it to the elements of the truss system should not exceed 2-3 centimeters.

The window in this situation is mounted on the rafters and the lower beam. Next, its lower location is outlined, for profiled materials, 9 centimeters recede, and for flat ones - 4-6 centimeters. Then mark the top point of the window structure and lay up 9-15 centimeters.

When cutting out the waterproofing film, a 20-centimeter margin is left around the perimeter. The remains of the canvas are wrapped inside the attic, the roofing is removed or a hole is cut out in it. The elements of the crate are cut off, stepping back from the rafters 2 centimeters.

At the bottom of the window, a mounting bar is placed, having a thickness of at least 50 millimeters, at a distance of 8–10 centimeters from the crate. It is mounted horizontally according to the level. The lower end of the waterproofing is fixed with a stapler to the timber, and the upper end to the crate. In this case, the side edges are taken out.

Mounting the frame in the roof with your own hands

Complete with window products there is always an instruction from the manufacturer on how to make a skylight. It is necessary to follow it, since the design of window products for attics and the methods of its installation are different.

For example, in some cases, the brackets are rectangular and need to be fixed only to the rafters, while in others they are coal and are attached to the crate or to the rafters. But the main thing is that these products are fixed on the frame in different positions.

To make the sash easy to mount, it should be removed as described in the instructions. It is necessary to leave a bare frame, therefore, if there is a salary on the window, it is removed.

The lower brackets must be fixed completely, and the upper ones not completely, since the frame will still have to be adjusted. The sash is returned to its place, covered and checked for distortions. Adjustment is made using the top mount. As a result, the window should be absolutely level, and the sash should fit evenly on all sides. In the future, it will be impossible to eliminate the shortcomings.

After completing the adjustment, all fasteners must be securely tightened. Next, the side waterproofing is fixed to the window frame, the excess is cut off. A heater is placed in the side openings.

Window waterproofing device

An insulating apron is a must. Above the installed window on both sides, cut off a piece of the crate, which is equal to the width of the drainage gutter, and cut the material for waterproofing in the middle of this place. A gutter is brought under it and placed in the gap between the crate. As a result, water will begin to drain from the film into it, and not fall on the window.

Next, the apron is unfolded and placed around the window so that it prevents leaks. It is attached to the frame, upper crate, rafters and timber with a stapler, after which the edges are placed under the crate, while the upper part is laid under the gutter. Now the roofing material under the window can be returned to its original place.

How to make salary installation

It begins to mount from the bottom up. First of all, install the lower apron, then the side parts and the upper edge, and finally, the lining.

The installation of salaries from each of the manufacturers has its own features, so you need to use the instructions. So Roto products have a rubber seal on the frame, the salary is wound under it. Fakro window products do not have a sealing element, and the salary is attached directly to the frame, and covered with additional details on top.

All elements of the salary are joined, after which they are attached to the frame and crate. The lower apron is fixed to the roof covering from above. To install the roofing material on the salary, you need to attach a special element. At the end of the work, the sash is hung and the protective coating is removed.

In order to seal the joints between the frame and the opening, mounting foam should not be used, only special sealants should be used.