The roof is an important part of the house, without which it is impossible. Most people prefer practicality, completely forgetting about the external data of the house, its visual perception. Not everyone attaches particular importance to the roof and its type, but in vain. Thanks to the roof, even a small one-story house can be significantly transformed, become more expressive and original.
Of course, it is clear that, first of all, the roof is a reliable protection, because it must protect the house from external factors and their influences. In pursuit of beauty, many people forget about reliability, and subsequently suffer from problems that have arisen at the first snow or heavy rain. That is why you need to choose the best option that combines both external attractiveness and reliability.
Roof construction of a one-story house
The roof of a one-story house consists of a load-bearing and enclosing parts interconnected, because they not only interact, but also maintain the balance of the entire structure. The peculiarity is that the mistakes made in one component will lead to violations in the second, which means that the design as a whole will suffer and will not be of high quality.
In most cases, it is customary to use pitched roofs for a one-story house, the angle of the slopes depends on many factors. Pitches can be affected by both the type of pitched roof and the roofing material. The supporting part of the structure is the roof frame, which includes wooden rafters. 
In addition to them, you can find a Mauerlat there, which collects all the rafters at one point, the other side of the leg is attached to the beam intended for this. The rafter system should be based on the run, and special racks will evenly distribute the weight, make the load the same on all load-bearing walls. To prevent the rafters from moving, braces and struts are used, as well as a wire that provides secure fixation.
If the house is completely made of logs, then the wire will have to be replaced with metal brackets, which must be attached to the second log (counting from top to bottom). The rafters must be laid, making an indent from the ceiling of 0.3-0.4 meters, this will give easy access to the rafter system in case urgent repair work is required. 
The enclosing part begins from the moment when they begin laying the waterproofing that protects the house, protecting it from moisture and rotting of the roof structure. Between the rafter legs and the Mauerlat, you need to put two layers of roofing material, after which you can make a wooden crate and roof the roof.
If the house is large and its width is more than 6 meters, then the construction of supporting walls will be required, because the roof will need additional support. With such dimensions of the house, a layered truss system is used; in the case when the building is small, a hanging rafter laying system is used. 
Current types of roofs
If we take into account all the roofs, they can be divided into two main categories: pitched and flat. In the case of a flat type of roof, everything is already clear, because there are no features here. It should be noted that one-story houses with a flat roof look very boring and unsightly, so its use is not recommended. The only options where a flat roof is better is to create extra space for a roof top pool.
Types of pitched roofs that can be used for one-story houses:
- Single and double slope.
- Tent, hip and semi-hip.
- Broken line (mansard).
- Complex (multi-forceps) and combined.
Shed roof - cheap, simple and reliable, but not very attractive. In general, a shed roof is a slope fixed on walls with different heights. This option is more likely to have outlived its own, since the shed roof is practically not used in the construction of modern houses. It is best used on outbuildings or garages.
The gable roof is a timeless classic. This option is optimal for a one-story house. This type of roof combines practicality and reliability; it is simple and not very expensive to build it. With this roof, you can already emphasize the exterior of the house, express its individuality, using various styles and roofing.
A four-pitched hipped-type roof consists of slopes in the form of a triangle, the tops of which converge to one point. This option looks interesting, built quickly and easily.
An alternative option is a hip roof, this is also a kind of four-pitched roof. The main difference is that during the construction of the roof, two triangular slopes (end) are used, and the two main ones are made in a trapezoidal shape. Building a hip roof is a little more difficult, but outwardly it will be very tempting.
The mansard roof is a construction with broken slopes that is constantly gaining popularity. Thanks to such a roof, it is not necessary to create a second floor, because the attic can be actively used as a residential attic.
A combined or multi-gable roof is an expensive and difficult option to implement. Such roofs are mainly used for large cottages or houses with several floors, so the use of these types of roofs will not be entirely logical when building a small one-story house. These roofs are the most beautiful in appearance, however, only professionals can build them, and the cost of this will be very high. 
Roof design and installation
Before you start building a house and a roof, you need to develop a project, think through all the details in it and pay special attention to every little thing. At the stage of project formation, you need to choose the type of roof, solve design issues, and also choose the material that will be used to build the roof, its roof.
The end result should be successfully combined, harmonized, creating a single picture that suits both externally and functionally. When choosing materials, you need to focus not only on their external data, but also on functionality, especially installation. Roofing material should be not only attractive, but also reliable, because you need to live in this house.
You can carry out the work yourself, but you can attract professionals who guarantee the quality of work and the reliability of the design. It will cost more, but the result will certainly be good, which is very important when building a house. 
In modern private construction, there are a great many varieties of roofs of houses, and in our material we will talk about their most popular options. Such important roof structures can be divided depending on the shape, design features and what materials were used in its construction.
Tilt angle
First, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with what the forms of the roof are. Depending on the angle of inclination, two main categories of structures can be defined:
- Flat, with an angle of inclination not exceeding 3 degrees relative to the horizon. Since their maintenance is very difficult, and precipitation stagnates in them, such options are quite rare. On the positive side, inexpensive installation and a small amount of consumables can be noted here. On this design, you can equip an open-air terrace, which can also be attributed to the advantages.
- Pitched, with an angle of inclination of 10 degrees or more. Such samples are easy to use, and therefore their popularity is very high. There is no accumulation of precipitation, and water is perfectly discharged through storm drains.
Roofs with pitched surfaces, in turn, are divided into subcategories:
- lean-to;
- gable steep;
- gable gentle;
- gable attic with a broken configuration;
- four-slope half-hip;
- four-pitched hipped roofs;
- four-slope hip.
The most convenient in the implementation include single-pitched roof structures, the surface slope of which is from 4 to 6 degrees. It makes sense to install them on garages, sheds and other outbuildings.
What are the types of roofing If you need to build an attic, give preference to a mansard roof, which can consist of two slopes and have a broken contour configuration. Hip samples are practical, they adequately withstand the wind load, but their installation cannot be called simple.
It will require materials in large quantities, and you can not do without a professional installation team. When choosing roof types, be sure to consider all factors, and do not limit yourself solely to information about the service life and cost of the project.
In order for the design to please the eye and be a real decoration of the house, it is necessary to pay special attention to its design.
Popular types of roofs of private houses and their characteristics
Of course, the popularity of this or that type of roofing is explained by the ease of installation, saving money and time, the climatic features of the region and the personal preferences of the owners. Let's move on to a detailed review of the options presented in modern construction.
gable
This type is the most popular and has been built in our country since ancient times. Another name for a structure with two slopes, which rest on walls of the same height, is a “gable roof”. Installation here is more complicated than that of a single-slope version, but the facing materials here can be completely different, which allows you to satisfy any design requirements of the developer.
Hip
In this case, we are dealing with four slopes, the shape of two of which repeats the trapezoid, and the remaining two are made in the form of triangles. The name of the design comes from the word "hips" (frontal triangular slopes).
During the installation process, beams are installed here using a double tightening and drains are necessarily mounted at an angle of 45 degrees on each slope. The construction of such structures requires additional efforts and skills, because the construction of the truss system in this case is quite complicated.
Half hip
This is one of the options for hip roofs, with the only difference being that a truncated triangular slope is formed here, and it is installed higher than its trapezoidal counterparts. Of the shortcomings, it is fashionable to note only additional costs for materials, because you will have to finish those sections of the planes that are adjacent to the roof ribs. Such structures are well used in regions with a windy climate.
Attic (broken lines)
Another type of gable samples, characterized by broken slopes, which allows you to significantly increase the attic space, called the attic. Pentagonal pediments leave no one indifferent, and their construction will not cause any particular difficulties for experienced craftsmen. The only thing you will have to face is to buy materials for warming the living space and install them, thereby increasing the energy efficiency of the house, which is not required in the case of an ordinary attic that is not intended for living.
On average, the cost of building a roof is about 20% of the total construction costs, but we can make the most of the usable building area and get a two-story house with virtually one level.
flat
Forgotten for a while, these types of roofs of houses are gradually returning to construction thanks to the unusual design solutions of modern architects. Flat roofs allow you to build a flower garden, tennis court or outdoor mini pool, especially if your home is located in a region with a warm climate. They can be improved with removable canopies made of glass or other materials that will reliably protect the recreation area from precipitation and pollution. The transparent dome will provide the space with natural light, and lighting devices will help out in the evening. Here you can also install solar panels and water heating elements, if you, of course, need them.
Of the advantages, I would especially like to note the affordable costs for materials and installation work. Do not forget about a high-quality storm system, with the help of which all rainfall will leave the roof without a trace, besides, the flat surface still has a slope, although it is invisible at first glance. As for the shortcomings, there may be problems with thermal insulation, and here we are primarily talking about heating the plane in the summer heat, but you can fight the cold in the same way as in the case of a mansard roof.
If the structure of the roof with slopes has its own heat exchanger in the form of an attic, then flat options cannot boast of such a feature, therefore, in case of urgent need, you will have to resort to its construction separately.
The main rule here is to create ventilation between the ceiling of the living space and the roof, no matter what shape it will be.
It is possible to equip both a ventilated attic and ventilation ducts that will hide the roof truss and cladding materials.
Less popular roof types
In addition to the most common roof structures, there are other options that can also be found in private construction, albeit less frequently. Their shape is somewhat different from those specimens that we considered above, but from this they can be no less beautiful. It is necessary to approach the creation of such samples seriously, because their implementation may be feasible only for professionals.
Shed
A distinctive feature of this type of construction is the rafter system, which rests on walls of different levels, due to which a slope is formed. Such structures are easy to build, and any, even the most inexpensive materials, are suitable for their cladding.
As for practicality, it is obvious, because precipitation does not linger here, so you don’t have to worry about maintaining such a building. The disadvantage is also significant - you will not be able to equip the attic or attic, and perhaps that is why today it is rare to find shed specimens on new houses.
Shatrovaya
The shape of such a roof is made in the form of four symmetrically arranged triangles along each wall of the building, which form a kind of tent. It has an unusual chic look, but it is very difficult to build it because of the overly sophisticated truss system.
Multi-forceps
It has another name - valley, and is characterized by one of the most complex truss systems. Many external and internal corners at the junctions of two slopes are not easy to install, moreover, the valleys provoke the accumulation of snow and rainwater, which can lead to leaks.
Wealthy people who build polygonal houses with a large number of outbuildings and attic rooms can afford multi-gable samples.
dome
Such types of roofs only in rare cases cover the entire area of the building and are mainly installed above its part. To mount the frame, you will need flexible elements, and a flexible or soft lining is suitable as a decorative coating. As a rule, dome solutions are preferred by lovers of antiquity, oriental style, ancient castles and everything unusual, transferring it to their home.
spherical
Recently, spherical roofs are slowly gaining popularity among our compatriots, although this rarely applies to residential buildings. They cover gazebos, sports grounds, church buildings, so that we can observe these types of construction almost every day.
Green
The point here is not the color of the decorative coating, as it might seem at first glance. As a cladding, if you can call it that, we are dealing with natural soil, in which plants are planted that serve as a real decoration for such an exotic design. Here you can note all the positive qualities of flat samples, improved by a special ventilation system. Thanks to this laying, the roots of bushes and trees are limited in growth, they always have enough moisture for irrigation, and besides, conditions are created here for healthy aeration of the roots of green spaces.
The undoubted advantage is the uniqueness of the open greenhouse, because it is very rare to meet such green living structures, if possible. Looking at the rapid development of new technologies and the popularity of environmental projects, it is not difficult to predict that soon such plantings on the tops of houses will become much more widespread. Do you want to stand out from your neighbors and are not afraid to face the need for careful care of plants in the open air? Then a green roof will suit you and you will be able to enjoy its beauty.
Decorative cladding: what to choose?
In addition to personal preferences and financial capabilities, in this matter, you need to take into account design features that can both limit your choice and allow you to expand it. To date, the following materials are most common:
- metal tile;
- bituminous tiles;
- ceramic tiles;
- slate;
- sandwich panels.
All these roofing materials differ from each other in technical characteristics, composition and design, and are also installed on the surface of the structure using different technologies, so before choosing, you should carefully read their description, manufacturer's recommendations and warnings. If you carefully approach this issue and study all the subtleties and nuances of the roof structure, you can create reliable protection and at the same time decoration for your home.
In private construction, it is often difficult to decide on the choice of roof, especially if you want to stand out. For example, a modern flat roof cannot be installed where there is a large amount of precipitation annually. In this article I will talk about what types of roofing roofs are for private houses and advise on the best materials for these surfaces.
General idea of roofing systems
The roof is the main protection of the entire building. Due to the high quality of the materials used, you can achieve a very long service life of your home. My words can be confirmed by many examples. Take, for example, houses whose roofs are already over 200 years. On some you can find a copper coating, on others ceramic. Of course, modern materials do not have such quality, but you can buy products that are very close to ideal in properties.
Before choosing a roofing system, you have to study many nuances, and only after that consider the options. Here is a list of the main factors that affect the shape of the roof:
- Style and decor of the future building
- The structure and arrangement of the rooms, the plan of the entire building
- Climatic conditions of your region
- Roofing
- The need for insulation, etc.
As you can see, making a choice is quite difficult, especially if you don’t know what you want. If you are stuck in this situation, then you need to answer the questions in order, and at the end you will get the best solution.
By design, the roofing system is divided into:
- Attic. Due to the interfloor overlap, which is laid on top of the walls and the voluminous truss system, an attic space is created. It can be used by the owners at their discretion. Many use it as a warehouse for unnecessary things, and some equip these square meters as an additional living room. Buildings with an attic are very common in cold regions of the country. The air gap between the roofing cake and the ceiling is a kind of thermal insulation. Therefore, very often such roofs are not insulated.
- Atticless. In such buildings, the reverse side of the roof surface is called the ceiling. As a rule, such structures can be found on a flat roof, but a shed system is a good example. A building without an attic is optimally arranged in warm areas where heat loss is negligible at any time of the year.
By design, roofs are divided into only two categories: pitched and flat. The second variety, in turn, is divided into exploited and non-exploited. As for the pitched ones, there will be much more subspecies here.
Types of pitched roof structures:
- Shed
- gable
- Multi plucked
- Mansard
- Hip and semi-hip
- And other less popular ones, for example, domed, hemispherical, etc.
You can't say bad things about any of these species. All of them have strengths and weaknesses. To create a high-quality design, it is enough to minimize the shortcomings and emphasize the positive points. Take for example a shed roof. Its device is very primitive; a novice roofer can assemble such a system in a day. If you do not use design services to create an interesting project, then your home will hardly be called beautiful.
Types of roofing roofs of private houses photo:
Now let's take a closer look at each roofing system and start with the simplest.
flat roof
Until recently, a flat roof was very rarely used in private construction. The fact is that for this surface there simply were no suitable coatings. The most popular material at that time was roofing material, which could lie without leaks for only a couple of years. Over time, manufacturers of building products began to pay more and more attention to flat roofs, and today the life of some materials is about 50 years.
The disadvantages of a flat roof include:
- Simple appearance. However, this point for someone may be a plus. Polls have shown that young people consider the "cubic" look of the building more attractive, but older people prefer standard buildings.
- Very high requirements for roof waterproofing.
- It is rather difficult to create an exploitable roofing surface due to labor-intensive work.
Despite such serious shortcomings, the positive aspects still prevail here.
- On a flat roof surface, you can arrange a recreation area, open your workshop, plant vegetation and much more.
- The exploited roof will become the favorite place of all your friends.
- At any time you can retire with nature and watch the ever-running clouds.
- Due to the multi-layered roofing cake, the exploited roof is very reluctant to let heat through.
More recently, such roofs could only be seen on high-rise buildings and industrial buildings, and today it is considered fashionable in private construction. Thanks to the small roof area, you can significantly save on materials. In addition to all this, maintaining such a roof is not difficult, because you are actually on the ground, and not in limbo, as on pitched systems.
Some of the materials for an unused roof very often cannot support the weight of the average person, so they are equipped with walkways and ladders. The roofing cake of such a roof is created by the traditional method and is very economical.
Classical laying means the location of the heat-insulating layer under the waterproofing, and in inversion, the opposite is true. The exploited surfaces are arranged in the last way, and due to this, the roofing pie is not subjected to any deformations.
Bituminous roll coatings, membranes, natural soil, paving slabs and much more are often used as roofing.
shed roof
Shed truss systems are known to all for their popularity in the business. Thanks to them, sheds, woodsheds, warehouse buildings and other structures are very often arranged. As you already know, they are distinguished by their simplicity and this is one of the negative sides. However, this problem can be eliminated by contacting a good designer. He will not only create a chic project, but also advise which roofing materials can be used in this case.
A shed roof, although a simple design, can be used to cover large areas. An example is a building that is over 12 meters long. Of course, such a truss system will be somewhat complicated, but it still remains cost-effective. 
The slope is given by the difference in the heights of opposite walls. By the way, this is the most common option, since there is no need to purchase additional materials to create it. An alternative way is to use lumber, but then the cost of the entire building will become somewhat more expensive, and the creation itself is more difficult.
The advantages of pitched roofs are as follows:
- First of all, it is of course the simplicity of design and its installation.
- It is necessary to spend a minimum of finance, effort and time on the construction of a shed roof
- The resulting truss system does not have a lot of weight, so it can fit on frame buildings
- One ramp is very easy to maintain and repair
IMPORTANT: Almost all materials can be placed on the roof surface, but a large slope cannot be created, as this will lead to the creation of windage. This is fraught with the separation of the roofing sheet.
Dual slope systems
Surely even a child can recognize this roof. Their representatives can be found in any holiday village. Such crazy popularity is justified by simplicity and efficiency. Due to the gable design, precipitation practically does not linger on the surface, which is very important for the northern regions of the country. In appearance, the truss system resembles triangles installed with a certain step. Very often, the roofs of such buildings are left uninsulated, and the attic space is used as a warehouse.
The positive aspects of the gable system on the face:
- Calculating such a roof is very simple, it also applies to the installation process
- The attic is very voluminous, of course, it is not enough for a room, but it is quite enough for a warehouse
- Due to the steepness of the slopes, atmospheric precipitation is removed naturally
- Unpretentiousness in service
- Construction costs are relatively low
It is worth noting that this type of roof has been used for centuries. He passed the test of time and showed his best side. But most developers who want some kind of innovation are unlikely to choose such a truss system.
A gable roof, or as it is sometimes called a gable roof, is great for small buildings. By the way, in addition to the original, there is a slightly modified version. In it, the pediments have the shape of an isosceles triangle. Such a system stands out for its height and its construction is not always possible. It's all about the wind load and the higher the surface, the greater the pressure will produce gusts of wind.
Very often on gable roofs you can find such a coating: slate, ondulin, metal tiles, corrugated board and rebate.
Mansard roofs
Such roofing systems are completely reminiscent of gable roofs. The only difference is the broken slopes, due to which the volume of the attic space increases. From the front and rear sides of the building, the lower part of the roofing surface is attached almost vertically. And not all products can cover such a slope.
As for the economic indicator, such a roof is 30% more expensive than the previous one, but you can ignore this negative point if you take into account the additional room that is created during the installation process. From my own experience I will say that the appearance of such a building is strange, but inside the room everything is different. The upper and lower floors can be combined with a spiral staircase, and you will have access to the top at any time of the year. 
The nuances of installing a mansard roof:
- When arranging a dwelling on the top floor, you will definitely need to insulate the roof from the inside.
- When laying roofing material, do not forget to make ventilation passages. This will allow air to remove condensate in a timely manner.
- Natural lighting can be created by arranging light windows directly on the roof slopes.
- If you plan to rationally use the entire volume, then you will have to build special furniture that will follow the contours of the inside of the ramp.
An ordinary gable roof can be modified to a mansard, as long as all underlying structures can withstand the increased weight.
roof in the form of a tent
For the device of such a roof, an equilateral base is required. The entire roofing system consists of isosceles triangles, which are no different from each other. In the roofing industry, it is also called pyramidal. 
The positive qualities of such a system are as follows:
- Very high resistance to all kinds of loads
- Interesting appearance
- Almost all roof coverings can be laid on such a surface.
The negative qualities include the same kind. For some people, living in a square building is somehow strange, but there is no other reason for such a roof. The only solution to this problem can be the development of an interesting room interior. A serious design flaw is the complexity of the truss system, although at first glance you can’t tell.
Hip structures
Such a roofing system came to us from northern Europe. For residents of central Russia, it is considered ideal. The fact is that the hip truss system can easily withstand the load from strong winds and multiple precipitations. The roof surface has four slopes, two of which are trapezoids and the other triangles. As a rule, they are located from the facades and ends, respectively.
Due to its small height, the sent roofing material will not be able to disrupt even a very strong wind. But if you still don’t believe this, then you can always protect the structure with additional elements in the form of a cornice strip. The attic space is spacious and is often equipped as a living room. In order to have enough light, light windows are mounted in the slopes.
There is some subspecies of hip roofs, which is called half-hip. Its distinguishing feature is that the triangular slopes are much shorter, and their angle of inclination is somewhat reduced. Such roofs can be easily recognized by the open gable. All products are used as a coating material, except for polymer and rolled products.
These types of roofs you can see in these photos: 
Multi-gable roof
This design can be of several types. The simplest is L-shaped. There is only one valley here. If you can’t imagine what it looks like, then imagine two gable roofs that had the same center, but the planes themselves were perpendicular to each other. The "+" sign perfectly describes this position.
The valley is a very important part of a multi-gable roof, so its installation should be carried out under the clear guidance of professionals. If you do the work yourself, you will have to acquire all the relevant materials and try not to save. As a rule, on such roofs, in addition to the waterproofing layer, a bedding carpet is laid. Of course, its main task is to level the slope plane so that the coating does not deform, but since it is dense, it additionally plays the role of insulation. All joints of the lining carpet must be smeared with mastic.
Roofs in the form of a cone
Such a truss system is a very rare thing, but still it can be found. The basis for such a roof is a building with a round outline. For ease of creating a cone, lumber is very often replaced by metal.
The range of products that can be used as a coating is very narrow, so carefully study the list before the device:
- Bituminous products equipped with a good protective coating, such as roof tiles.
- Due to the steep slope, natural tiles are an ideal option.
- Copper or wood shingles
- Natural materials (reed, reed, etc.)
Dome truss systems
Although such roofs are not common in ordinary private construction, they can be found on large cottages. There are several types of them.
- Heated variant. It can be built both with insulation and completely deaf.
- Glazed. It stands out for its original and sophisticated look.
As materials for the truss system, wood or metal is very often used. Most of them combine or use exclusively the latest product. It's all about the properties of the wood. It is laid on the lower rows, where its deformation is not required, and as it rises, the lumber is replaced by metal. However, you can not rack your brains and use all-metal elements. Due to the good rigidity of the materials and the system itself, a fairly stable roof is obtained. 
Very often domed roofs are made transparent, for this the following products can be used:
- Triplex. When such a material is destroyed, it forms a minimum number of fragments.
- Reinforced glass. When damaged, it does not shatter into dangerous fragments, but the throughput is much less than triplex.
- Polycarbonate, plexiglass and other plastic products. They are light weight, do not break and are resistant to direct sunlight.
A panoramic roof is very difficult not only to build, but also to maintain, so it is not practical to build it in everyday life, unless you are doing things where you need a lot of natural light, for example, growing flowers.
In winter, a large amount of ice will accumulate on such a surface, which can cause the destruction of the entire roof. This problem can be solved by installing heating elements.
By building a domed roof, you will get the following benefits:
- The appearance of your building will look very original
- The shape of the dome evenly distributes heat throughout the room
- Transparent ceiling in which you can watch the ever-running sky
You can build a roofing surface in a matter of days, but keeping track of it is much more difficult. Let me remind you that routine inspections should be carried out twice a year, then the surface will last as long as possible.
Loading...