The fence can be built from different materials and using several technologies, but it is the stone fence that is the most reliable. In addition, the stone makes the design attractive in appearance. Most often, natural material is used in the construction of fences, but in recent years, artificial substitutes have also gained popularity.
What are the advantages of a stone fence:
- fire safety,
- immunity to any precipitation and natural phenomena,
- no rotting, corrosion, oxidation, etc.,
- environmental friendliness,
- the ability to select the desired shade,
- material availability,
- durability.
It may seem to a beginner in the construction business that only a professional can make a stone fence on his own. In fact, this is not the case and almost anyone will cope with the task. Before proceeding directly to work, it is necessary to determine the type of future fencing. When building a fence, it is used:
Training
So, there is a goal to build a stone fence, it remains to find out what is required for this. First of all, you need to take care of the materials. Suppose that the stone has already been purchased, then it remains to have a concrete mixer or a tank for mixing cement mortar. Also for this mixture you will need crushed stone and sand, the volume of which depends on the length and height of the fence. It is better to choose cement with the marking 300, as it is better suited for such construction. By the way, for the dosage of the components you will need a shovel (scoop), and for laying out the finished mixture, a construction trowel.
Next, you definitely need boards and nails for the construction of formwork, as well as reinforcement to give the structure good rigidity. If the fence is high, then you will need another welding machine. With it, steel rods can be extended to the required size. Be sure to purchase a pipe with a diameter of 50 - 80 mm. It is she who will be the "heart" of future pillars.
For marking work, you need a tape measure, small stakes and ordinary twine. Once the location of the fence is determined, you can proceed to the next step.
Attention ! Before starting any work, you need to take care of safety precautions. Perform all actions with gloves and boots. If the stone will crack right on the spot, then it is better to wear goggles. Just in case, you can prepare a first aid kit with bandages and disinfectants.
We build the foundation for the fence
First you need to dig a trench along the width and length of the stone fence. In this case, a bayonet shovel or even a crowbar may come in handy. The depth of the trench depends on the specific conditions, but it does not make sense to make it more than 700 mm. Do not throw away the soil from the pit, as you will later have to fill in the edges of the foundation.
The next step is to hammer the boards to the desired configuration. At the same time, the rods are welded in the same shape and laid in the trench. Along the entire perimeter, you need to drive in stakes, and from above, after 1.5 - 2.0 meters, nail the transverse beams. This is done so that when pouring the boards do not disperse to the sides.
Concrete mixture can be poured into the resulting structure. If there is no experience in kneading it, then here is a small instruction. It is always necessary to proceed from the volume of the binder and only after that add other components. So, for one part of cement you need two parts of sand and four parts of crushed stone. All ingredients are poured into a concrete mixer and mixed.
When the mixture is ready, it can be drained into a container and spread around the perimeter of the fence with buckets. But you can do it smarter and pour the mixture directly into the formwork using a gutter. At the same time, each new batch involves the movement of the concrete mixer!
Pre-mark the points for the pillars and weld a pipe to the reinforcement in each of them. Height is better to do with a margin!
After completion of all concrete work, the structure must be left alone for 15 - 20 days. For better and uniform hardening, an insulator (film) is placed on top of the formwork. Otherwise, the top of the foundation will dry out quickly, and the strength of the concrete will be worse.
Inexperienced builders at this stage can make one fatal mistake. After pouring the foundation flush with the ground (or even lower), you will not face problems with water later. Rain, melting snow, etc. will accumulate along the fence, thereby eroding the soil and promoting the formation of slime and mold. It is better to make the foundation just above ground level, and then decorate the concrete or cover it with a thin layer of soil (decorative stone).
Making stone fence posts
The erection of pillars begins with measuring the distance between them. If it is different, then you can slightly tighten or stretch the pipes with a rope. The stone columns for the fence are made slightly wider than the spans, which visually divides the entire wall into sections.
Next, formwork is made in the form of a square with the required width of the column. At the same time, the height of the formwork should not exceed 40 - 50 cm. When everything is done, a layer of cleaned stones is laid out and this is done as close (parallel) to the plane of the boards as possible! After that, all cavities are filled with a moderately thick solution. By the way, the solution for the stone fence itself is done like this: 1 part of cement, 1.7 parts of gravel and sand! It is important to ensure that all the gaps between the stones are filled with a binder mixture, but the solution itself does not spread over the column.
Thus, this procedure must be done on each pillar and left to harden for one or two days. With the formwork for the pillars of the stone fence, you can also cheat a little. In order not to collect a new square each time, you can simply pin another one to the bottom row and so on! Gradually, the height of the pillars will reach the desired level, and then you can start laying the walls!
Laying down the fence walls
Walls can be made in different ways. Experienced builders simply pull the string, which becomes a guideline for the height and deviation of the fence. They lay one layer of stones around the entire perimeter of the fence, after which all voids are filled with mortar. A day later, the second layer is laid out, etc. But in this case, there is a high risk of getting a wall that is too uneven, so it is better to use the formwork.
Tip: If large round stones are used for the fence, then the formwork will not help. It is better to lay them out "by eye"!
Formwork is done similarly to pillars, but here it is no longer necessary to apply stones tightly to the boards. Some irregularities are acceptable, they give the fence asymmetry. After laying out the first layer, the stones are covered with mortar and left for one or two days.
Important: It is better not to make the formwork too high, as this will lead to voids in the mortar and poor quality of the entire structure. All seams must be hammered with a trowel!
In order for the spans of the fence to turn out to be the same in height, closer to the end they need to be measured with a tape measure. By varying the size of the stones, you can come to a single level of the entire wall. After completing the laying and dismantling of the formwork, it is important to carry out the jointing in time, otherwise the mixture will harden strongly.
Fence jointing
After pouring, you need to wait about 5 hours and start grouting. First, all the remnants of the solution are cleaned with a rough brush, after which a special tool, a scraper, comes into play. It is a metal rectangle with a protrusion equal to the desired width of the seam.
TIP: To give the fence volume, it is better to make the seams deep. If you need the effect of a single monolith, then the deepening of the seams should be minimal (no more than 2 cm)!
The jointing step is quite simple, but here it is important to be accurate when deepening the tool. Experienced builders recommend that, after jointing, the seams and stones be treated with a solution of hydrochloric acid (no more than 30%).
The same seam significantly improves the appearance of the fence and allows you to better process it.
Fence details
The natural stone fence is ready, the seams are embroidered, the formwork is removed. But at this stage, the design still looks unfinished! It's about the details that will ennoble the rough shape of the material and give the wall a well-groomed look.
Firstly, a so-called cap must be installed on each pole. They are sold in stores or made to order in blacksmith workshops.
Secondly, the seams of the pillars can be shaded with some kind of waterproof paint, which will visually divide the fence into spans.
Conclusion
Making a fence is not easy, but, as the classic said, there would be a desire! This material clearly shows that even a person who is far from manual labor can perform all stages of construction. A few things are enough and you can start building!
Currently, for the construction of fences, there is a huge variety of materials and technologies. Stone is considered the most durable of all. From it are obtained reliable, textured and durable fences. For the construction of such a fence, you can hire craftsmen, but why overpay if it is quite possible to build it on your own? Let's understand the intricacies of the process.
Pros and cons of stone fences (table)
| + | - |
| The service life of a stone fence is at least half a century. It all depends on how responsibly you approach the masonry process. | Some types of stones have a very high price. |
| The stone is an environmentally friendly and safe raw material, as it belongs to natural materials. | The stone fence is very heavy, so its construction will require a solid and powerful foundation. |
| A wide price range, which depends on the type of stones and their fractions. | |
| Fireproof material. | |
| It is easy to mount. | |
| Due to the aesthetic properties of the stone, the fence will go well with any landscape. | |
| The stone can be combined with other materials. |
Varieties of stones
Fences made of stone began to build a long time ago. Since ancient times, such fences have protected people's homes. Modern builders and landscape designers often take natural materials as their main raw material.
There are a huge number of types of natural and artificial stones on the market, from which you can get confused. Choosing the right stone is very important. With it, you can emphasize the style of your site.
- Cobblestone. In another way, it is called a boulder stone. It is the most common and affordable option due to different factions. Despite the fact that it is simple, its strength is higher than that of other species. The disadvantages include its gray color, which is not to everyone's taste. The red-brown color of cobblestone is less common.
- Gravel. It is also considered a popular option. Fences from it can take any form. The combination of coarse and fine gravel allows you to create original fences. Small gravel can fill the iron frame. To create a durable fence, gravel is combined with brick.
- Dolomite stone. Differs in a flat form, different sizes and thickness. The place of its production is mountain quarries. This is a high quality natural stone. The constructed fence from it will be durable and attractive.
- Limestone. There are shell rock, marble-like limestone and bryozoan. It is soft and therefore easy to handle. For beginners, this is ideal. Its disadvantages include the fact that it absorbs moisture. So that it does not destroy the stone, it is necessary to pre-treat it with a water repellent.
- Sandstone. The use of this stone for the construction of fences has been going on for a considerable number of years. It is a durable, frost and moisture resistant stone.
- Booth. Mined from sandstone, limestone and dolomite. Irregular stone. Its edge can be from 15 to 50 centimeters. From it not only build fences, but also trim them.
- Fake diamond. Recently, its popularity is growing due to the fact that it is much cheaper than natural. Most often it is made of concrete with the addition of pigments. Finished copies practically do not differ from their originals.
Combining stones with other materials
The original combination is a combination of wood and stone.
Thanks to these natural materials, the fence blends in harmoniously with the environment. True, to make such a fence is quite difficult. Special skills and preliminary developments are required.
Gabions have been very popular lately.
Translated from French, it means "stones in a grid." The basis for such a fence is a mesh of thick metal wire. Fine and medium gravel is poured into it. In addition, fragments of bricks, rubble and other stones are often poured into it. The fence can be of any shape. The end result is an attractive and durable fence.
The combination of stone and brick is the most popular fencing option.
The fence turns out to be presentable, durable, resistant to temperature extremes and weather conditions.
Preparatory work
The preparatory work includes the design and acquisition of all necessary tools and materials. The fence project and all the necessary calculations can be done using special online programs from open sources. The choice of material depends on your financial and taste preferences. Description of the most popular above. And from the tools you will need a concrete mixer, a tape measure, a shovel, a trowel, a building level, pegs and a rope.
The preparatory work also includes clearing the territory, leveling the ground and marking. The latter is carried out by driving in pegs and pulling a rope between them along the perimeter of the future fence.
Foundation
As mentioned earlier, the stone fence has an impressive mass, so the arrangement of the base must be approached with all responsibility. A solid tape reinforced base is ideal.
The width of the foundation should be 150 millimeters greater than the width of the future fence. The height of the plinth is up to you. The main thing is that it should not be lower than 100-150 millimeters.
support poles
For the construction of pillars, the "sliding formwork" method is used. The optimal dimensions for supports are considered to be 30x30 or 40x40 centimeters. The formwork is assembled from boards and fastened with self-tapping screws.
Ideally, give each tier a day to dry before laying the next one. Thus, the pillars will be more durable.
Laying out spans
After the base and pillars are built, you can begin to build spans. The optimal size of stones for them is considered to be 200-250 millimeters. Due to their not too large mass, they are easier and more convenient to work with. Large stones can be broken with a hammer or crushed with a perforator. The stones are held together with a thick mortar made from sand and cement in a ratio of 3:1, respectively. Adding dry dye to the mixture will allow you to get seams of a different color than the solution has.
First you need to apply a cement mortar to the foundation. Then symmetrically lay out stone elements along both edges of the span. To make it easier to navigate in the masonry, the section is marked with a stretched thread.
Lay out the entire bottom row of the section. Fill in all the gaps between the edges. The flat side of the stone should be facing up. Before you start laying out each subsequent row, as in the case of the construction of pillars, leave the masonry for a day so that it dries. Use the dressing when laying out the rows.
Finishing work
To give a more attractive look to the fence, it is necessary to perform jointing.
The seams are convex, shallow and deep. The latter option visually makes the masonry more voluminous.
To work on the seam, you will need a scraper, a wire brush and a piece of foam rubber.
It is easiest to open the seams about 3-4 hours after the masonry is completed. Later, the cement mortar becomes stiff and difficult to joint.
- First you need to clean the stones and seams with a wire brush.
- With a scraper, create neat ditches in the seams, the depth of which should not exceed 1-2 centimeters.
- Then the fence must be washed. This is done with the help of foam rubber, brushes and 30% hydrochloric acid. At the same time, do not forget about safety measures - use protective gloves.
As additional decorative elements, you can use forging or let climbing plants grow along the fence, and so on. It all depends on your imagination.
How to make a gabion fence
Fences from gabions (stones in a grid) are rapidly gaining popularity among others. This is facilitated by a number of advantages:
- Such a fence reliably protects from wind and street noise.
- Hides your privacy from prying eyes.
- The fence is visually attractive.
- Withstands heavy loads.
- Easy and simple to install.
- Economical and durable.
- Perfectly tolerates temperature changes and any weather phenomena.
- Such a fence can be erected on any terrain.
- You can fill it with different materials.
How to choose a grid?
In order for such a fence to be as durable as possible, special attention must be paid to the selection of material. There is a wide variety of nets for the construction of the fence, which have different shapes and mesh sizes. Most often, a chain-link mesh is used, which can be tension and sectional. The cells in it come with a round, square and other section.
When choosing a grid, do not go wrong with the size of the cells. Stones should not fall out through them.
Do-it-yourself construction stages
The foundation for a gabion fence is made according to the same principle as described above. Make the posts in the same way as for the previous fence. The distance between them should be no more than 5 meters. As soon as the base and supports are completely solidified, proceed with the installation of gabions.
First you need to form a frame from the grid. Lay the rolls on the ground, unroll them and level them. Carefully fix the grid to the supports and foundation.
The last step is to fill the grids with stones.
Video: building a gabion fence
Video: highlights of laying buta
A stone fence will become a reliable protector of your dacha. It will serve you for a very long time. Its construction is a simple process. By following the recommendations and tips described above, you will not have to spend money on workers. You can do this job on your own. Good luck!
Stone fence looks more impressive and solid than other types of fences. Structures made from natural materials are characterized by high strength and reliability.
However, natural stone fences are much less common than, for example, wooden or metal fences for summer cottages with brick pillars. This is due to the fact that natural materials and work on the construction of exclusive structures are more expensive.
Another important factor is high time costs. Even a team of professionals will need a lot of time to build a fence.
The process can be accelerated by making a fence of stone panels and blocks. The resulting structure imitates natural materials. But the design will seem natural only from afar. Nearby, stone panels and blocks for fence posts will immediately give out "hack-work".
In this article we will consider the features of the construction of fences made of natural stone. You will learn what materials are used for the manufacture of supports and sections and how professionals work. If you wish, you can build such a fence yourself.
Varieties of stone fences. Popular Combinations
There are various options for stone fences. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages.
Fences made only of stone are rare.
Photo #1: stone fence
The construction of such fences requires a lot of time and money. Combinations of stone pillars and wood or metal sections are more popular. Such structures are cheaper and built much faster.
Wooden fence with stone pillars
A wooden fence with stone pillars is the beauty and environmental friendliness of natural materials. With proper care, the sections will last a long time. Wood will require periodic treatment with protective compounds and paints and varnishes.
Photo #2: wooden fence with stone pillars
Metal fences with stone pillars
Metal fences with stone pillars are reliability and durability. The buildings look spectacular and perfectly protect the territory. Structures serve for decades without the need for maintenance and repair.
Most often, sections are installed from eurostudent, corrugated board and forged elements. There are some very interesting combinations.
Photo #3: metal fence with stone pillars
Fence stone posts. Material selection
Stone fence posts are made from various varieties of this natural material.
- Granite. Durable and expensive stone. It is difficult to process and is used mainly for decoration. Granite will effectively complement a metal or wooden fence with brick pillars.
Photo No. 4: fence with granite trim
- Cobblestone. The most popular material. Advantages - prevalence and low cost. Most often, gray and red-brown cobblestones are used in the construction of fences. Reliable and beautiful designs turn out.
Photo #5: Gray Cobblestone Fence
- Gravel and pebbles. Due to the fine fraction, these materials are used mainly for decoration. Large stones can be filled into the net. The result is an inexpensive and interesting fence.
Photo No. 6: fence made of stones and mesh
- Dolomite. The material is flat stones of yellowish, white, gray or brown color. Dolomite is used both for the construction of pillars and sections, and for decoration.
Photo No. 7: dolomite fence
These varieties are the most popular. In addition to them, when erecting fences and finishing pillars and sections, limestone, sandstone, rubble stone and artificial analogues of natural materials are used.
How to make a stone fence
The construction of a stone fence is a complex and lengthy work that requires knowledge and experience. Even a team of several people will need a huge amount of time to erect a fence. However, if you still want to do the installation yourself, read the instructions below.
The construction process is divided into several stages.
1. Territory marking
This stage involves pulling the rope around the perimeter of the fence. Mark the places of installation of the pillars.
2. Foundation construction
You will find detailed information about the construction of a monolithic strip foundation on our website.
The most suitable base width is 30 cm. In places where there will be poles, install metal profile pipes.
3. Preparatory work
While the foundation hardens, sort the purchased stones by greatness. This will speed up the construction process of the fence.
4. Laying stone fences (pillars)
The laying of stone fences involves the use of floating formwork. To speed up the construction process, all pillars are erected simultaneously.
Make the required number of collapsible formwork from boards and self-tapping screws (for each pillar - 2 pcs.). Internal dimensions - 30 * 30 (according to the width of the foundation).
After the frames are ready, follow the instructions below.
- Install formwork.
- Lay the first layer of stones. They should fit as closely as possible to each other and to the formwork.
Photo No. 8: laying the first row of stones
- Pour a thick solution so that it fills all the voids.
Repeat steps 1-3 for all fence posts. After that, fix the second formwork on each support with self-tapping screws and lay the next rows of stones in the same way.
Photo number 9: laying the second row
After a day, the lower parts of the formwork can be removed and the construction of the next layers can begin.
Note.
- In places where the butt is attached to the logs, it is necessary to release metal corners. They need to be welded to the pipes.
- Immediately after removing the formwork, fill the voids found with mortar. Expand the dried seams with a drill with a metal brush.
Photo No. 9: support at the stage of erection of the 8th row
After all the pillars are formed, take care of their protection from precipitation. The ideal option is metal or plastic caps.
According to rough estimates (if all the pillars are erected at the same time), the installation of such supports for a stone fence will take 19–20 days.
Stone fence with their own hands. Span installation.
Do-it-yourself stone fence is erected in different ways. There are three flight options:
- sections without plinths;
- stone plinths + sections made of wood, corrugated board or other materials;
- masonry.
The last two options involve the use of formwork, the height of which is 1/3 of the future height of the plinths or spans.
Stones are laid in layers. Each row should dry for at least a day.
During the filling process, the formwork remains in place. It is transferred higher only a day after laying the top layer.
Fencing in summer cottages or suburban areas is not only a way to protect against uninvited guests, but also a visiting card of the house, decorating the main building and allowing the owner of the house to express himself.
An example of a fence made of natural granite stone
A stone fence just favorably distinguishes a personal plot from the total mass. In addition to superiority in aesthetic terms, such fences have a lot of advantages. We will analyze what the construction of a stone fence on a personal plot will allow to achieve, and also whether it is possible to cope with it on our own.
Features of stone fences
Our ancestors built a stone fence to protect their homes far before us. Despite the fact that such fences have a very ancient history, they can give odds to some fences made from modern building materials. Let's take a look at what makes these structures stand out so favorably:
Materials for the construction of stone fences
Consider what types of stones can be used in order to make a stone fence.
Boulders or cobblestones
If it is done, and there is a need to save as much money as possible, then this version of the stone is most suitable. The price of such material is very low, especially since it can be obtained for free at all, for which you just need to look under your feet.
Such fences do not differ in bright appearance and look quite simple and concise.
boulder fence example
You can slightly embellish such a fence made of natural stone by buying cobblestones of bright colors. For example, you can find red boulders in the construction market, which will definitely make your site stand out among many others.
Gravel
This type of stone is the smallest of those used for the construction of fences. Most likely, you will rarely be able to see such a fence made of wild stone on your way: the size of the pebbles does not make its laying convenient. In this case, a fence is built of stone and brick, where bearing duties are assigned to brick in the form of pillars, and gravel - a decorative plan.
The price of gravel, as well as cobblestone, is low, so if it is decided to make such a stone fence, the main expenses during construction will be associated with the purchase of bricks.
Dolomite
This type of decorative stone has a flat outline. Its extraction is carried out with the help of blasting in special quarries.
Original dolomite fence with forged elements
As a rule, if it is necessary to finish the fences with stone, then the choice is made in favor of this material. The price per square meter is noticeably different: depending on the size and composition of the stone, it is 200–3000 rubles.
Limestone
This type of stone, like the previous one, is mainly used for finishing finished fences. Its soft texture makes it very easy to work with. You can buy such material for 250-300 rubles / square meter. It is necessary to note some of its negative aspects. The structure of this stone is porous, which makes it hydrophobic.
In regions with a damp climate, such a decorative stone fence will quickly become unusable: moisture will penetrate into the pores and destroy the limestone from the inside. Thanks to moisture-proof impregnations, the problems associated with this can be avoided, however, it must be understood that this will entail additional costs.
Tiger sandstone fence using metal elements
Sandstone
This type of stone is used not only for the construction of fences for suburban areas, it is also actively used in the construction of houses. Sandstone is not afraid of water and cold, so the life of the fences of this decorative stone is very high. Thanks to all the advantages, it is very popular and very expensive.
To buy a cube of such material, you need to pay about five thousand rubles.
If you only need to finish the fence, then you can buy tiles made of this material, which will cost up to a thousand rubles per square meter.
rubble stone
A rubble stone fence can be built completely or it can be lined with it. This material is very common in the construction of fences due to its strength characteristics. You can buy rubble stone at a price of about 250 rubles per kilogram.
Stone of artificial origin
Thanks to the development of modern technologies in the construction industry, new materials are increasingly appearing on the market. Artificial stone is very popular for finishing fences, using which an imitation of any natural stone is achieved.
It looks no worse than fences than from natural materials, and its cost is significantly less. Due to the variety of colors, textures and shapes, such a fence can fit into any exterior of a personal plot.
Construction of a stone fence
Building a stone fence with your own hands is not easy. You need to have a lot of free time, as well as be prepared for some difficulties. We will analyze the process of erecting fences of this type in stages:
Let's talk about each of the stages of construction in more detail.
markup
Determination of the boundaries of the future fence is carried out in the case of the construction of fences from any materials. At this stage, you can determine the consumption of materials, for which you need to calculate the length of the fence, its height and width.
Foundation construction
Usually provide for fences. Work begins with excavation along the border of the erected fence. The trench is made up to 600 mm wide and up to 800 mm deep, after which it is poured with a solution. It is necessary to equip the foundation even where the gate will be located, to ensure the integrity of the structure.
It should be noted that it is mandatory to reinforce the foundation with reinforcement to prevent cracking in the future.
Installation of formwork for pouring the foundation
After pouring, the base is left to dry. If work is carried out in hot weather, it is necessary to periodically wet the hardening structure so that the foundation does not dry out.
Preparatory work
Since there are about three weeks before the foundation hardens, you can devote this time to preparing the building material. To begin with, it is necessary to sort the stones by size, which will allow in the future to produce masonry much faster.
If very large elements come across, then it is better to crush them, because they may not fit anywhere. You should also clean the stones of dirt and wash them.
Pillar installation
The pillars are needed for the construction of the fence to ensure the reliability of the future structure. It is recommended to install them in glasses pre-mounted in the foundation. The core of the pillars should not be left hollow, it is best to lay stones there and pour the mortar.
An example of a natural stone fence post
To save money, you can use cheaper stones or use unnecessary leftovers. The height of the pillars can be equal to the height of the fence or be greater at the discretion of the builders. After finishing work, you need to let the pillars stand for two weeks, and only after that begin further work.
Any owner who is obsessed with the dream of creating not only a house, but also all the buildings on the site is truly exclusive thinks about what kind of fence his estate will be surrounded by.
A stone fence is an ideal option to complete the appearance of a summer cottage. Yes, and costs can be greatly reduced if you build this structure with your own hands.
By the way, such majestic fences in recent years are increasingly appearing in suburban villages. They really protect the site. And the design decision can be very different. In any case, a stone fence will decorate the courtyard.
- Such a fence will serve indefinitely. The main thing is that a good quality mortar was used during construction.
- Stone is a material created by nature, which means it will not cause any harm to people.
- Such a building material is not afraid of fire and high temperatures.
- It will perfectly match the surrounding landscape.
- You can choose a stone at a price affordable to a particular owner.
- One or two people can build a stone fence.
What stone can you build a fence from?
Cobblestone. If you want to build a fence from natural and at the same time inexpensive stone, you should choose a cobblestone, or, as it is also called, a boulder stone.
Yes, its price is very modest, but its strength is unusually high. And you can save even more if you involve your family and collect cobblestones in the fields.
True, you may be disappointed with a gloomy gray color. But who said that such a color of the fence cannot be diversified if it is good to dream up?
In addition, you can not collect all the cobblestones in a row, but choose more interesting ones, with a reddish-brown tint, which, by the way, usually have a more rounded shape.
Such stones have a rough surface. But if you want the wall to be smooth, you will have to use a sledgehammer, it will break the boulders, and a smooth surface will appear on the chips.
And if you still decide to buy this material, then for 1 kilogram you will have to pay about 4 rubles.
Pebbles and gravel. Not the most popular material for building fences. As a rule, brown-red color is preferred.
Sometimes during the construction process, it is precisely small stones that are required to make the corners of the fence more durable. The combination, for example, of brick and small stone looks very interesting.
The price of 1 kilogram of pebbles and gravel is about 10-15 rubles.
It is mined in quarries during the explosion of rocks. The stone has a flat shape, there are different sizes.
Limestone. This is a fairly soft shell rock, convenient for facing work. But at the same time, it tends to absorb moisture and quickly collapse from this. Exit - pre-treatment with a special composition - water repellent. There is bryozoan and marble-like limestone.
Sandstone- a popular material that has been used in construction since ancient times. Differs in durability, frost resistance. The surface is polished, hewn.
Butovy stone. Produced from limestone, dolomite and sandstone. It can be both the main material for the construction of the fence, and finishing.
Fake diamond. In recent years, summer residents prefer to build fences from it. In fact, it is concrete that looks like a natural material.
It is much cheaper than natural, but is able to serve for at least half a century. True, it is better not to build such a fence in low-lying places and next to a busy highway.
If you are interested in this particular material, you can buy it in any color on the construction markets. Yes, and the texture can be chosen smooth, rough, chipped, etc.
Types of fences
As already mentioned, a decorative stone fence is particularly reliable. What the owner of the site chooses - natural or artificial stone - depends on his taste and family budget. And there are plenty to choose from.
Video in which you can see different types of stone fences. And choose what you like.
There are original ideas for using stone with other materials:
Such a fence is particularly original. In addition, its cost is relatively low. This is an eco-friendly fence. Creates external harmony of the entire site.
True, the construction of such a fence requires careful preparation. The materials must be of very good quality. Special skills will also come in handy. That is, without the help of specialists, a summer resident is unlikely to do.
Fence from a stone in a grid
This is design know-how: building a gabion fence. And "gabion" in French means "stones in nets." That is, the building material for the fence is nets woven from thick wire, which are filled with stones, pebbles or rubble.
It turns out a fence of exceptional strength, which also does not require any maintenance. In addition, this fence lets the sun's rays into the site.
Fences from gabions help summer residents in the event that after the construction of the house on the site there is a lot of stone chips, concrete fragments. All this can be collected and placed in grids.
The grids themselves are left open or sheathed with wood - as the owner likes. And you can even plant climbing plants in them - also an unexpected and pretty solution.
Quite often you can see such fences in summer cottages. Brick in combination with stone decor looks very presentable.
Such a fence is not afraid of temperature changes, frequent rains, frosts. But the main thing is that they reliably cover the site from prying eyes and uninvited visitors.
How to build a stone fence yourself
It only seems at first that building a stone fence with your own hands is an impossible task for an ordinary summer resident. In fact, if there is such a desire, and even a purposeful character, everything will work out.
There would be hands, tools, and even enough money to buy materials.
What materials are needed
Stones. If you have set yourself the task of erecting a fence of simple natural stone - mobilize family and friends. You can collect as many stones as you need from the nearby fields. So, there are already significant savings.
Foundation materials. They will have to be bought at a construction hypermarket or on the market.
So, here is the shopping list:
- Sand, gravel and cement grade 300.
- Fittings. The rods should have a diameter of 10 to 12 mm.
- For formwork - semi-edged board.
- Elements for decor: decorations for spans and caps for poles.
Get ready for the fact that a lot of mortar will be required during the construction process. It is needed not only for the construction of a foundation of rubble stone, but also directly for laying the stones of the fence itself.
Of course, working with stone is somewhat easier than with bricks, but the builder will need a lot of patience. And also the ability to work carefully.
Required Tools
- Bayonet and shovel.
- Concrete mixer. If there is none, you can use a box to prepare the solution.
- Apparatus for welding fittings. It was not possible to get the device - there is another way out: buy a millimetric wire and tie the rods with it.
Plot marking
Where the posts of the future fence should stand, you need to dig in wooden stakes, pull a rope between them.
This is how the width of the trench under the foundation is marked.
Foundation for stone fence
Now you have to lay the foundation for the future structure. It is necessary to dig a trench (width - about 70 cm, depth - about a meter).
But first remove from the ground and set aside the sod. Loosen the soil with a bayonet shovel and remove it with a shovel. Part of this land will come in handy to cover the sides of the formwork. The rest - scatter over the site.
When digging a trench, make a slight slope angle so that the walls do not collapse.
We prepare the reinforcing cage and formwork
Tie or weld steel bars into a lattice. The lower rods should not lie on the ground, but rise above it by 10 millimeters.
We made a frame - lay it in a trench and start installing the formwork. Shields for her are assembled from boards, fastened with screws or nails. Install uprights and props every meter. Attach the top rails.
The preparatory work is completed, you can pour the concrete mixture.
Foundation pouring
Of course, it would be nice to have a concrete mixer on hand, it will speed up and facilitate the work. But you can do without this device; the amount of work is not very large.
It is desirable to feed the mixture into the trench along a plank chute lined with two layers of polyethylene film.
That's it, the pouring of the foundation has been completed, now you need to leave it alone for a couple of weeks so that the concrete becomes strong. We do not need the rapid evaporation of moisture from the solution, so we cover it with a film.
Tip: the base of the fence will have a more attractive appearance and will not allow melt water to enter the site if it is raised above the ground by about 20 cm.
The solution in the trench has hardened, you can start the main work: start laying the fence stones. To make it more convenient to work and complete the intended configuration, it is better to choose stones with a diameter of no more than 20 cm.
We are preparing a mortar for masonry from sand and cement (proportion 1: 3). In order for the seams on the wall to have a certain color, a pigment substance can be mixed into the solution.
If there are many large stones among the stones, it is better to break them into small pieces with an ordinary hammer.
So let's get started.
The laying sequence is as follows:
1. A cement mortar should be applied to the concrete base.
2. The first layer of stones must be laid flat side up. Fill voids with mortar. Smoke breaks during laying the entire top layer are unacceptable: you need to lay it at a time. And if you still need to interrupt work, you should constantly moisten the masonry so that the solution does not harden.
3. The laid layer of stones should “rest” for at least a day. During this time, he will gain the necessary strength. After that, you can start laying the next row of stones.
Tip: when laying, you need to carefully handle the mortar so that it does not fall on the front side of the stones. If this happens, cement stains must be cleaned immediately. The hardened mass is removed with a metal brush.
The owner did a great job with every step of the job. The stone fence is complicated. Now we need to clean it up.
First of all, it is the stitching. For this work you will need a narrow spatula. After such cleaning, it will be noticeable how much more accurate and attractive the fence has acquired.
Caps or other decorative elements must be installed on the tops of the pillars. Such additions to a stone fence as wooden or forged lattices or an arch for a gate look very nice.
We repeat once again that any owner is able to cope with such a task as erecting a stone fence with his own hands. It's not the hardest job. And the result will amaze the imagination of everyone who sees the handiwork of the master owner.
In this video you can see how a stone fence is made. Perhaps this will be useful to you.
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