Windows Defender is a built-in component of the operating system that helps protect your computer from malware such as viruses, spyware, and other potentially unsafe applications.
In fact, Windows Defender is the same antivirus, only free, if you do not take into account the cost of the operating system itself. So why turn it off if it performs such useful functions, you don’t have to pay extra for it and install it separately?
The fact is that Windows Defender only performs basic protection computer. Third-party antiviruses do a much better job of protecting your PC. You can see for yourself by looking at where the Defender is located according to the research of the AV-Test laboratory (the image is clickable).
On the other hand, if you are a “diligent” computer and Internet user, do not visit suspicious sites, do not download or use pirated software, use only trusted media, then Windows 10 Defender will be enough for you to ensure minimal security.
But back to the main topic of the article. How do you turn off Windows 10 Defender?
First of all, it should be noted that Defender turns itself off automatically when installing additional anti-virus software, provided that the system correctly recognizes the third-party software.
Next, consider an option that I deliberately did not include in the general list of ways to deactivate Defender. The thing is, it's only temporary. After some time or after restarting the computer, the defender will return to the working state. This is a feature of Windows 10. In Windows 8.1, this method could completely disable the built-in antivirus.
- Open your computer settings ( Windows + I).
- Go to the section " Update and Security».
- Select " Windows Defender» in the menu on the left.
- Disable the " Real time protection»
Now let's look at ways that completely disable Defender.
Disable Windows 10 Defender permanently
Method 1 - Through the registry
1. Open the window " Run» ( Windows+R), enter the command regedit and press " OK».
2. Navigate to the following branch of the registry:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows Defender
3. Right-click on the empty space on the left and create a DWORD (32 bit) value named .
4. Double-click to open the newly created parameter, assign it a value 1 and press " OK».
Now you can close the registry editor and check the effect of this method through the computer settings. There you can make sure that all settings related to Defender have become inactive. You can also try running the built-in antivirus by clicking on the link at the very bottom " Open Windows Defender».
As a result, you will get a message that Windows 10 Defender has been disabled by group policy.
If you want to reactivate a disabled Windows 10 Defender, then just delete the DisableAntiSpyware setting or change its value to 0.
Method 2 – Using the Local Group Policy Editor
1. Run the command gpedit.msc through the window " Run» ( Windows+R).
2. Proceed to the next section:
Computer Configuration -> Administrative Templates -> Windows Components -> Endpoint Protection
In some versions (assemblies) of Windows 10, this section may be called Windows Defender or Windows Defender.
3. In this section on the left, find the item "" and open it.
4. Activate this option as shown in the image below and click " OK».
Close the Group Policy Editor and you can, as in the first method, check if Defender is disabled.
If you need to turn Windows Defender back on, follow all the steps above and set the value to " Not set". In this case, a reboot may be required to activate the built-in antivirus.
Method 3 - NoDefender Program
If the methods above don't help, you can try utilities specifically designed to disable Windows Defender. One of these is NoDefender.
Attention! Use this method only as a last resort. Programs of this kind are not officially supported by Windows developers, and therefore no one gives any guarantees that they will not affect the performance of the operating system.
Be sure to back up your system before using NoDefender. It is also worth noting that the process of disabling the defender using this utility is irreversible. At least the functionality of the program does not allow you to turn on Defender back.
2. Unzip the resulting archive and run the program.
3. In the first window of the program, click " Next».
5. Disable the following options: real-time protection, cloud protection and automatic sample submission.
7. Then click " Next" and in the last step " exit».
All. Windows 10 Defender is disabled. Now if you try to activate Defender, the message " The application is disabled and does not monitor the computer».
The developers of the application claim that restarting NoDefender allows the defender to be activated again. I didn't manage to do it.
Protective shutdown is especially important when a large number of different electrical appliances are used in the house. In this article, we will consider protective shutdown devices that are recommended and used in the construction of private houses. A diagram of the residual current device will be given. Let's analyze the question of what and when to use - RCD or difavtomat (differential automaton). In addition, we will find out the main differences between circuit breakers.
Types of circuit breakers
An important step in the organization of electrical safety are protective electrical devices or, as they are more commonly called, automatic machines. Conventionally, they can be divided into three types:
- automatic switches (AB);
- differential shutdown devices (RCD);
- differential automatic switches (DAV).
Fig 1. Circuit breaker
Fig 2. Residual current device (RCD)
Fig 3. Differential circuit breaker (DAB)
The principle of operation of residual current devices
Automatic switches (AB), see Fig. 1, we install to protect electrical wiring from overcurrent, and electrical consumers from short circuits. Overcurrent leads to heating of the conductor, which leads to ignition of the wiring and its failure.
Residual current device (RCD) principle of operation(Fig. 2). We install to protect against electric shock, in the event of a breakdown of the insulation of equipment and wiring. The RCD will also protect us in case of touching open uninsulated sections of wiring or equipment that are energized with 220 V and will not allow a fire to occur if the wiring is faulty.
If there is a difference in currents, then the RCD turns off the voltage supply. It is necessary to choose an RCD according to two parameters: sensitivity and rated current. Usually for home purposes, an RCD with a sensitivity of 300 mA is chosen. The rated current is selected depending on the total power of electrical consumers and must be equal to or be an order of magnitude lower than the rated current of the introductory circuit breaker (AB), because the RCD does not protect against short circuits and overcurrents. An RCD residual current device is usually installed in the circuit after the meter to protect all wiring in the house, see fig. 4, 5. According to modern standards, the installation of an RCD is mandatory.
Rice. 4. RCD connection diagram
Rice. 5 Wiring diagram for power supply at home using RCD
1 - w distribution flow; 2- neutral; 3 - sh ina grounding; 4 - f aza; 5 - RCD; 6 - av tomatic switch; 7 - pconsumer nutrition.
Differential circuit breakers (DAB) combine the functions of RCD and AV. The scheme of the differential machine is based on the protection of circuits from short circuits and overloads, as well as the protection of people from electric shock when touching live parts, see fig. 6.
Rice. 6. Scheme of work of DAV
These devices are widely used in household electrical networks (220/380 V), in socket networks. The differential circuit breaker consists of a fast-acting circuit breaker and a residual current device that responds to the difference in currents in the forward and reverse directions.
The principle of operation of the differential machine. If the insulation of the electrical wiring is not damaged and there is no human contact with live parts, then there is no leakage current in the network. This means that the currents in the forward and reverse (phase-zero) load conductors are equal. These currents induce equal but oppositely directed magnetic fluxes in the magnetic core of the current transformer DAV. As a result, the current in the secondary winding is zero and does not trigger the sensitive element - the magnetoelectric latch.
If a leak occurs, for example: when a person touches a phase conductor, the balance of currents and magnetic fluxes is disturbed, an unbalance current appears in the secondary winding, which causes the magnetoelectric latch to operate, which in turn acts on the release mechanism of the machine with a contact system.
To carry out periodic monitoring of the performance of the RCD and DAV, a testing circuit is provided. By pressing the "Test" button, a differential trip current is artificially created. The operation of the protection devices means that it is generally in good order.
Choice of circuit breaker
Now, let's decide in which case and which circuit breaker we prefer:
- To protect the wiring of the lighting network, from which all our lamps are powered, we choose circuit breakers (AB) with tripping currents 16 A.
- The socket network in the house, which is used to turn on irons, table lamps, a TV, a computer, etc., must be protected by circuit breakers with differential protection (DAV).
- For the socket network, we choose DAV with a trip current of 25 A and differential current shutdown 30 mA.
- To connect an air conditioner, dishwasher, electric oven, microwave oven and other powerful appliances that we need so much in everyday life, we need our own individual socket and, therefore, our own circuit breaker with differential protection. For example, to connect an electric furnace with a power of 6 kW, a differential circuit breaker with tripping currents of 32 and 30 mA is required.
Paying attention, that the sockets must all be with a grounding contact. Power equipment, such as a grinder, I advise you to connect to a circuit breaker. Since the entire network in our house is for a voltage of 220 V, we also select the listed circuit breakers for the appropriate voltage.
Let's talk about the circuit breaker, which, for security reasons, needs to be put on the input. If we protected all the outlet lines with automatic switches with differential protection, then at the input we put an automatic switch (AB) with a rated current of certain technical conditions and a single-line diagram of the project "Electrical equipment of a residential building".
But it is possible to put a residual current device (RCD) with a differential protection current of 300 mA after the introductory circuit breaker (AB). See Fig. 5 for such a switching scheme. If we choose this protection option, then it does not oblige us to install differential circuit breakers for the outlet network, but simply install a circuit breaker (AB), see the same fig. 5. Such a scheme is acceptable if we have only one outlet line with a number of outlets. But it is absolutely not rational if we have a number of independent receivers included in individual sockets.
For example: You have current leakage to the body of the washing machine and you accidentally touch it. The differential protection will immediately work and the DAV of the washing machine will turn off. It will not be difficult for you to determine and eliminate the cause. And imagine how much work is needed to find the reason for the RCD shutdown at the input.
I want to say that in the modern market of automatic switches and RCDs there is a very large selection of devices, both domestic and foreign. It should be taken into account that domestic products are distinguished by large overall dimensions, the possibility of current regulation, a lower price, and the service life in domestic conditions is almost the same.
Table 1. Cost comparison of circuit breakers
Conclusion
So, in the article we have considered the issues of electrical safety. They became especially relevant when a huge number of electrical appliances, consumer electronics and computers entered our home. The wiring carries a very high load and a protective shutdown is necessary. Modern technology is very expensive and demanding on the quality of networks. Therefore, you should not save on protection measures, because the cost of an RCD is not commensurate with the cost of equipment in your home, and even more so with the price of a human life.
Attention: Prices are valid for 2009.
A protection system that provides automatic shutdown of all phases or poles of the emergency section of the network for a total shutdown time of not more than 0.2 s is called protective shutdown.
Regardless of the state of the neutral of the supply system, any single-phase short circuit to the body leads to the appearance of voltage relative to earth on the electrical equipment cases. This circumstance is used in the construction of universal protection, which ensures that the damaged electrical equipment is switched off by automatic machines when a certain given potential difference appears between the case and the ground. Such a system is identical to grounding and is based on the automatic shutdown of the power receiver if the latter appears on its metal parts, which are not normally energized. Protective shutdown is used for systems with isolated and dead-earthed neutral.
Rice. one. Schematic diagram of the protective shutdown:
1 - housing of the electrical receiver; 2 - disconnecting spring; 3 - contacts of the network contactor; 4 - latch; 5 - coil core; b - trip coil; 7, 8 - ground electrodes; 9 contact
Consider the action of a protective shutdown when voltage occurs on the case of a single power receiver as a result of damage to its insulation. Two cases are possible here: the power receiver is not grounded and the power receiver is grounded.
The first case corresponds to the open position of contact 9 (Fig. 1). At some distance from the protected power receiver, ground electrode 7 is driven into the ground (in the event that there are no natural ground electrodes that should not have electrical connection with the housing / power receiver). The protective switch allows breaking the power supply circuit with the contacts of the mains contactor when voltage is applied to the coil 6.
When the coil 6 is de-energized, its core 5 holds the latch 4, preventing the spring 2 from opening contacts 3 (the contacts are shown in the diagram as open, although the core holds the latch). One end of the coil winding is connected to the housing 7 of the electrical receiver, the second - to the remote ground electrode 7. In case of damage to the insulation between the electrical receiver housing and the remote earth electrode 7, a phase voltage will appear. The trip coil 6 will be energized, and current will flow through its winding. The core 5 will retract and release the retaining latch 4. The spring 2 will open the contacts 3 of the network contactor, and the power supply circuit of the electrical installation will break. The touch voltage on the body of the electrical receiver will disappear, contact with it will become safe.
The second case, when the body of the power receiver is grounded, corresponds to the closed position of contact 9. In the event of an insulation damage, a voltage will appear on the body of the power receiver, the value of which will determine the voltage drop in the ground electrode, equal to the ground fault current multiplied by the grounding resistance of the ground electrode. There is no fundamental difference in the action of protection in the first and second cases.
The basis of protection using a protective shutdown is the quick disconnection of a damaged electrical receiver.
Rice. 2. Residual current circuit with isolated neutral
According to the PUE, protective shutdown is recommended for use in the following installations: electrical installations with isolated neutral, which are subject to increased safety requirements (in addition to the grounding device). The scheme of such a protective shutdown is shown in fig. 2. When a ground fault current appears in the KA relay coil, its NC contact in the coil circuit of the KM contactor opens and the contactor disconnects the electric motor M from the mains with its main contacts;
electrical installations with a solidly grounded neutral with a voltage of up to 1000 V, the cases of which are not connected to a grounded neutral wire, since such connection is difficult;
mobile units, if their grounding cannot be performed in accordance with the requirements of the PUE.
Protective shutdown is versatile and fast, so its use in networks with both dead-earthed and isolated neutral is very promising. It is especially advisable to use it in networks with a voltage of 380/220 V.
The disadvantage of the protective shutdown is the possibility of disconnection failure in the event of burnt contacts of the switching device or a wire break.
Safety shutdown
Zeroing
Zeroing- intentional electrical connection with a zero protective conductor of metal non-current-carrying parts that may be energized. Zero protective conductor - a conductor connecting the parts to be nulled with the neutral point of the current source winding or its equivalent.
Zeroing is used in networks with voltage up to 1000 V with a grounded neutral. In the event of a phase breakdown, a single-phase short circuit occurs on the metal case of the electrical equipment, which leads to a quick protection operation and, thereby, automatic disconnection of the damaged installation from the mains. Such protection are: fuses or maximum circuit breakers installed for protection against short-circuit currents; vending machines with combined releases.
When a phase is shorted to a zeroed case, the electrical installation is automatically turned off if the single-phase short circuit current I З satisfies the condition I З >= to∙I N, where I N is the rated current of the fuse link or the operating current of the circuit breaker, A; to- current multiplier.
For vending machines to= 1.25 - 1.4. For fuses to = 3.
The conductivity of the neutral protective conductor must be at least 50% of the conductivity of the phase conductor.
The calculation of grounding for the safety of touching the case when the phase is shorted to ground or the case is reduced to the calculation of the grounding of the neutral point of the transformer and the repeated grounding of the neutral protective conductor. According to the PUE, the neutral grounding resistance should be no more than 8 ohms at 220/127 V; 4 ohms at 380/220 V; 2 ohm at 660/380 V.
Safety shutdown- this is a protection system that automatically turns off the electrical installation in the event of a danger of electric shock to a person (in the event of a ground fault, a decrease in insulation resistance, a grounding or zeroing fault). Protective shutdown is used when it is difficult to ground or neutralize, and also in addition to it in some cases.
Taking into account the dependence on what is the input value, to which the protective shutdown reacts, protective shutdown circuits are distinguished: on the case voltage relative to the ground; for earth fault current; for zero sequence voltage or current; to the phase voltage relative to earth; for direct and alternating operating currents; combined.
The principle of operation of the RCD as a protective switch that responds to leakage current.
Rice. 14. Scheme of electrical installation with RCD
Devices that respond to zero sequence voltage are used in three-wire networks with voltage up to 1000 V with an isolated neutral and a short distance. Residual current devices that react to the fault current are used for installations, the cases of which are isolated from the earth (hand-held power tools, mobile installations, etc.).
A device that reacts to the zero sequence current is used in networks with grounded and isolated neutral.
Protective shutdown - concept and types. Classification and features of the category "Safety shutdown" 2017, 2018.
Protective shutdown - high-speed protection that provides automatic shutdown of the electrical installation in the event of a danger of electric shock in it, which can occur when: a short circuit on the body of electrical equipment: a decrease in resistance ....
Protective shutdown is a protection system that automatically turns off the electrical installation in the event of a danger of electric shock to a person (in the event of a ground fault, a decrease in insulation resistance, a grounding or zeroing fault). Protective... .
Protective earthing Protective earthing refers to the intentional connection to earth or its equivalent of metal non-current-carrying parts that may be energized. Grounding of parts of the electrical installation and housings ... .
Protective shutdown - high-speed protection that provides automatic shutdown of the electrical installation in the event of a danger of electric shock in it, which may occur: - when a phase is shorted to the electrical equipment case; - when decreasing ... .
SECTION 6.12 Protective Disablement (SD) - a protection system that automatically turns off the electrical installation in the event of a danger of electric shock to a person (in the event of a ground fault, a decrease in insulation resistance, grounding faults) SA apply ... .
Protective shutdown - a protection system that provides automatic shutdown of an electrical installation in the event of a danger of electric shock in it. The protective shutdown circuit is shown in fig. 2.13.3. This circuit provides protection against deaf circuits on ... [read more] .
The protective shutdown is a fast-acting protection that automatically switches off the electrical installation when there is a danger of electric shock in it. Such a danger can arise in case of violation of the insulation of live parts and a breakdown on ....
Loading...