How to make a visor over the door - photos and construction technologies from different materials. Canopy over the porch made of polycarbonate: description, installation instructions Canopy over the front door drawings

The entrance group is the dominant element of the facade of the building, so it is important to beautifully decorate the canopy over the door. It should be not only aesthetic, but also practical, not clutter up the architectural one, harmonize with it and add zest to the exterior design.

In the article we will make an overview analysis of what canopies and canopies are over the entrance, photos will help to demonstrate the most original and popular ideas. Let's talk about the materials and give detailed instructions on how to make canopies for doors with your own hands.

Design features

Canopies over the front door can have different functions. Small canopies provide a comfortable entrance to the house, protect from rain, large and medium structures can serve as a terrace or a small gazebo, and sometimes these are large-scale structures that connect the gate to the entrance to the house and serve as a covered parking lot for a car.

According to the type of supporting structure, the canopy in front of the entrance to the house can be:

• cantilever suspended;
• console-support;
• cantilever-beam, the edge of the canopy farthest from the building rests on pillars;
• extensions on separate supports.

Canopy over the entrance to the house, photo of the supporting structure

About size

The size of the canopy above the entrance is determined by the dimensions of the porch, it is optimal if the canopy closes not only the upper platform in front of the door, but also the steps. According to the standards, the platform should be one and a half times deeper than the door leaf, given that the standard door is 900 mm, then the depth of the platform in front of it is 900 * 1.5 = 1350 mm, which means that the depth of the canopy should not be less, ideally + 300 mm.

To prevent rain from flooding the steps from the side, the canopy above the front door to the house should be wider than the platform 200-300 mm on each side. The steps in front of the entrance are on average 800-1200 mm wide, hence the standard width of the visor is 1200-1800 mm.

Canopies and awnings over the entrance, photo of a practical asymmetric, covered building

Types of canopies over the door

Depending on the shape of the roof, the canopies above the door in front of the entrance are:

• domed, spherical - do not have sharp corners, have good aerodynamic characteristics, which is especially important in windy regions;
• semi-arched and arched - the most popular type of canopies over the entrance, the shape provides a natural drainage of precipitation, fits into almost all stylistic solutions of architectural ensembles, goes well with arches and rounded steps, is resistant to mechanical stress;
• shed - simple, but practical canopies, do not clutter up the facade, easy to make with your own hands;
• gable - durable and reliable, provide a good outflow of snow and water from the roof, usually arranged above the door in conjunction with roofs of the same shape;

Canopy in front of the entrance to the house, photo of a forged structure with a gable roof made of polycarbonate

• concave pagoda type - elegant, light and beautiful, but such canopies are not recommended to be arranged above the entrance in snowy and rainy regions, as precipitation will accumulate on the roof.

Schemes of canopies over the door with different types of truss system

Materials for canopies over the front door

Canopies over the front door should be in style with the overall design of the building. The frame for the visor is made of wood, metal; for large outbuildings, concrete columns are sometimes arranged.

Wooden

For private houses made of logs or timber, it is advisable to build a wooden canopy over the entrance. Nothing can compare with the beauty and perfection of natural material. The frame for small hinged canopies above the door is made of timber with a section of 40 * 40, 50 * 50, 60 * 60 mm; for larger buildings, timber 100 * 100, 150 * 150 mm is suitable as supports. Wooden carvings, openwork lattices, curly balusters will help to decorate the canopy over the front door in a private house.

The tree is easily processed with household tools; professional skills are not required for work. But wooden farms do not tolerate the negative impact of the environment, moisture, fungi and small insects negate the aesthetics of the building, and eventually destroy it.

Stylish wooden shed building made of timber and edged boards above the door

metal

Metal canopies over the door - the largest and most popular group of structures:

• The roof, suspended on iron cables, is weightless, almost imperceptible, does not clutter up the facade, does not require finishing. Triplex or monolithic polycarbonate is used as a roof, which looks like glass, but is several times stronger.

The glass canopy above the door is almost invisible on the facade

• Welded structures made of rolled metal with a rib of 20-60 mm or a round pipe ∅ 20-50 mm, the thickness depends on the size of the building. For supports, poles ∅ 50-100 mm are used.
• Canopies over the door made of stainless steel - beautiful, elegant, practical, the material is not subject to corrosion and does not require additional protection from chemical and biological influences, the high cost of the material can be attributed to the minuses. It is difficult to make a stainless steel visor yourself; a special type of welding is required.
• Forged entrance groups are an unconditional decoration of the exterior, luxury and elegance, grace and beauty. The price for exclusive products for individual projects is very high, but you can buy a ready-made visor according to a standard project, or purchase stamped forging and decorate a welded visor from a metal profile with it.

A finished visor over a forged stamping door will cost $ 200-300

Metal canopies are a universal type of buildings above the front door, suitable for both private cottages made of different materials and commercial buildings.

Other types

There are not only metal and wooden door canopies, there are numerous types of canopies, for example, awnings, fixed and retractable - these are prefabricated aluminum or steel structures with an awning roof. To large houses above the door, a major extension is often made on concrete, stone, brick columns under a massive roof.

Combined building above the door - columns and awnings are successfully combined with each other and make the space in front of the house more functional

Roofing materials

The most demanded group is visors and canopies over the entrance made of polycarbonate, the material is light, practical, durable, tolerates chemical, biological and mechanical loads well. A huge color palette allows you to choose panels with different translucency, so such designs are relevant both on the sunny side of the building and in the shade.

Roofing made of milky polycarbonate, which is considered the best protection from the sun

Roofing made of galvanized iron and profiled sheet - inexpensive, reliable, beautiful. Suitable for frames made of different materials, the color range allows you to match the sheets to the color of the roof of the main building. The protective coating is durable, but fades in the sun over time, and with the slightest damage, the sheets are affected by rust.

Double sided galvanized iron roof

Soft roofing and metal tiles are relevant for wooden canopies and large buildings in front of the house, but are sometimes used for metal frames. Under such a roof, a continuous crate is required - moisture-resistant plywood, and it is visible from below, so you will need to hem the ceiling.

At the cottage, the visors above the door can be covered with roofing felt, slate, special shingles and even straw, the main thing is that the style of the building matches the house.

How to make a canopy over the door with your own hands

Do-it-yourself canopies and canopies over the entrance are best built from wood or metal. We will make a simple shed canopy over the door from a profile pipe, with an edge of 40 * 40 mm. The slope of the roof is 20 o, the roof is polycarbonate.

Scheme with the dimensions of a simple canopy over the front door

We cut the profile to size and cook the metal frame according to the scheme, as in the photo above. From a profile of 20 * 40 mm, we weld the crate under the roofing material. To decorate the sides and front, we will weld standard forged parts that can be bought at a hardware store.

Forging will decorate even the simplest product

When the base is ready, we clean it with an abrasive, wash it with a solvent, primer and paint.

The installation of the frame above the entrance is carried out on long anchors. Along the contour, evenly at a distance of 300 mm, we make holes, and fix the mount. We tint the frame so that all metal parts are protected from atmospheric influences. We cover the crate with polycarbonate 6 mm thick, fasten it to thermal washers, close the outer ends with a special profile.

Be sure to watch the tutorial video on how to make a roof over the front door from ready-made brackets.

In our gallery you will find a lot of original ideas on how to design an entrance group with your own hands inexpensively and beautifully.

The visor above the front door is considered the main detail of the facade. That is why, in addition to the protective function, designers recommend paying special attention to its aesthetics, that is, they consider the visor above the entrance doors as an individual decorative element.

Variety of door visors

In order to carry out a full-fledged arrangement of the front door, it is important to decide on all the points of the project for the design of the door visor. Of course, the main point should be the safety and practicality of this element.

When choosing the design of the visor for the front door, professionals are advised to consider the following factors:

• dimensions of the house;
• features of the chosen architectural style;
• climatic conditions

Advice! For many territories of our country, rigid stationary types of visors are relevant, which are able to cope with difficult climatic conditions.

In addition to the stationary structures of the canopies above the entrance doors, you can see folding, retractable models, which are commonly called baskets and awnings.

After the design of the visor on the front door is selected, you can proceed to the selection of its shape. Currently, manufacturers of such decorative elements offer customers several varieties of such products:

• lean-to;
• arched;
• gable;
• straight

Attention! For each shape of the visor, it is supposed to have its own mounting option above the front door.

Design features

The visor above the front door in a country cottage performs several functional purposes at once. It can not only protect the entrance from precipitation, but also be intended for the location of the car, that is, significant differences in the size of the visors are allowed.

Manufacturers offer the following type of support structure for the front door:

• console-support;
• suspended console;
• combined model;
• frame on solid supports

Size Features

When choosing the size of the door canopy above the front door, it is important to focus on the size of the porch. Professionals advise choosing a canopy in such a way that it can close not only the space at the door, but also the steps. There are certain standards, according to which the platform constructed above the door should not be more than 1.5 times the size of the door itself.

Advice! The most suitable size will be the visor, which overlaps the area at the entrance by an additional 30 centimeters, that is, in the case of a standard door, the visor is 90 centimeters.

Professionals specializing in the manufacture of such protective structures are advised to select visors over the entrance to the house about 1.5 meters.

Of course, when choosing the size of such a protective structure, it is necessary to take into account the maximum wind and snow loads, which differ depending on the climatic features of the region.

Forms of canopies

To obtain a harmonious look of a canopy installed above the front door to a private house, it is important to take into account the shape of the roof. Depending on its design features, you can select:

• domed or spherical visors. They are distinguished by the absence of sharp corners, the ability to withstand significant aerodynamic loads, so they are ideal for windy regions;
• semi-arched or arched models are made of polycarbonate sheets. Such canopies are suitable for various style solutions, the structures are quite resistant to mechanical stress;
• shed types of visors are simple and practical. They are suitable for small private houses;
• gable types are durable and reliable, they do not accumulate precipitation. Similar designs look harmonious in a house with a similar roof shape;
• concave canopies above the front door are airy, elegant, polycarbonate is used in their manufacture.

Attention! Concave canopies are not suitable for regions with significant average annual precipitation.

Foundation materials

In the manufacture of a door canopy, craftsmen use one material or a combination of several materials. Metal or wooden frames are used as a support for the door visor. Let us analyze the main characteristics of materials, highlight their advantages and disadvantages.

For a private house built from a log or timber, professionals recommend choosing wooden types of canopies. It is difficult to find any artificial material that can be compared with the uniqueness of natural wood.

Advice! For a small door visor, you can limit yourself to a bar that has a section of 40 by 40 or 60 by 60 mm.

Large canopies require the installation of a solid frame made of timber having a section of 100 by 100 or 150 by 150 mm. In the form of additional decorative elements, one can consider decorating the frame with openwork lattices, unusual balusters, as well as wooden carvings.

Among the main advantages of a canopy made of wood, one can note the ease of working with this natural material. Among the few problems that can be identified for wooden sheds, we note their instability to negative precipitation, as well as to decay.

Advice! In order to increase the operational life of wood, it is necessary to cover the tree with a special impregnation.

Metal structures for the visor above the entrance doors are offered by manufacturers in several modifications.

1. For a monolithic polycarbonate version or triplex, iron cables are used. With their help, you can create the illusion of weightlessness, the entrance structure will not look cluttered, visually creating the effect of its complete weightlessness.
2. Suspension mounts firmly and securely hold the visor, there is no need to carry out their additional finishing.
3. A practical option is the frame for the canopy above the door, which is made of stainless steel. The main advantage of this model is corrosion resistance.

Attention! This type of frame will be an expensive pleasure, so not everyone can afford such contentment.

Much simpler and much cheaper would be a welded metal structure for the front door visor, which will require rolled metal of different diameters to create.

Forged frames - an exclusive option suitable for owners of luxury suburban real estate.

Currently, you can use various options for frames for canopies, characterized by durability and versatility. Such designs are suitable not only for private houses, but also for commercial premises.

Any metal or wooden frame for a canopy over the entrance is equipped with a roof covering, it has significant differences in the base material. What do professionals recommend as roofing?
Polycarbonate has recently become the most popular material for finishing entrance structures above the door.

It has a long service life, good strength. Among the advantages of this material, it is also necessary to note the ease of installation, a wide range of colors, and ease of transportation. Professionals are confident that polycarbonate is suitable for many architectural styles, so using it can make a positive difference in the appearance of the house.

The main advantage of the metal version of the visor can be considered its long service life and strength, but only when carrying out repair maintenance.

Attention! Not every owner of suburban real estate will be able to make a metal visor on their own.

The design of corrugated board has a beautiful decorative look. Among the disadvantages of such a material, one can mention the fragility of this material, its instability to mechanical damage.

The metal tile is suitable for such houses, the roof of which is also made of metal tiles. Among the main disadvantages of using such material for the manufacture of canopies for entrance doors, professionals consider the significant weight of the coating.

Wooden sheds are suitable for timber-framed houses built from logs or beams. Currently, manufacturers of such structures use a variety of designs designed for input structures.

Visor Requirements

In free sale there are ready-made visors, you can also place an individual order from professionals. In order for such a design to be beautiful and safe, certain requirements are imposed on the visors.

It can protrude beyond the parameters of the porch by more than 0.5 meters. In this case, the design will reliably protect the entrance from the ingress of various atmospheric precipitation.

The canopy to be constructed must be windproof and durable. When choosing a visor model, it is important to take into account the features of the house.

For gable and single-sided canopies, professionals prefer to choose branches, metal tiles, corrugated board, leaves, slate.

For the porch, which has a more complex design, polycarbonate or soft tiles are currently used.

Conclusion

Any owner of suburban real estate is well aware of how important it is to choose the right material, shape, size of the hinged structure, which will protect the front door from precipitation. If the plans include the arrangement of a reliable and high-quality canopy over the door, the craftsmen initially recommend sheathing the rafters with an additional crate before installing the door.

It is important to pay special attention to waterproofing. For example, for a soft roof, the rafters are laid in a continuous crate, placing separate slats next to it.

Flexible material is laid out along the rafters, then fixed. At the final stage, the installation of a drainpipe is carried out. When strengthening the visor to a multi-layer wall, fixation is carried out with a material that is made of stainless steel.

If you are unsure that you can independently choose the material for the visor at the front door, build a solid and reliable structure with a long service life, immediately turn to professionals for help.

Immediately after the entrance door block has been installed, the craftsmen advise to make a visor above the door. This is the simplest and most reliable option to protect the door leaf from rain and solar ultraviolet radiation, to avoid jamming the door sill and freezing the door in frosty weather.

Types of visors above the front door

A huge number of various options and schemes for using protective canopies, visor arches, roof overhangs to protect the entrance to the house have been invented and built. A properly designed canopy above the door, photo, regardless of its size and shape, first of all, should effectively protect the owners who are unlucky to go outside without an umbrella in heavy rain.

Therefore, special requirements are imposed on the protective structure:

Therefore, for small frame and wooden buildings, visors are placed above the front door made of wood. A light frame made of aspen or ash is able to withstand the wind no worse than a metal frame, while fixing such a visor over the door on a wooden wall is much easier than steel and, moreover, forged.

Advice! The roof of the protective canopy is best made of transparent material, glass, polycarbonate or corrugated PVC slate.

This will allow the sun's rays to penetrate through the transparent roof and effectively dry the door leaf, walls, and most importantly, prevent the accumulation of ice and snow on the steps. It seems to be nonsense, but you should not save on safety.

Forged canopy over the door

Very heavy, the most durable and the most beautiful type of protective canopy. The visor is made of forged rod 8-10 mm thick. It does not make sense to use thicker metal, since the weight of the structure can reach 100 kg or more. Thin metal for the supporting structure is rarely used, exclusively for decorative purposes. Forged canopies above the door, photo, are usually installed on brick and stone walls.

Note! Those who want to install heavy products on wooden houses on a weak wall have to use metal door frames, otherwise the pressure and load from forged canopies on the doors and loot eventually leads to deformation of the entrance, hinges and locks begin to wedge.

There are two most important advantages to using wrought iron canopies over the front door:

• Huge service life. Qualitatively forged metal is able to stand on the porch group for 30-40 years, which is practically unattainable for wooden and metal structures;
• Forged products, especially in combination with a steel door leaf, look extremely stylish and original. Against the background of an openwork forged decor, woodcarving or an overhead plastic body kit look rather inconspicuous. Wrought iron canopies today are classified as status items, like granite cladding steps, cast iron railings or oak entrance blocks with a copper body kit.

The disadvantages of forged metal construction include the high cost and complexity of connecting individual parts into a single frame. Usually, the manufacture of forged visors is ordered by specialized workshops or blacksmith artels.

Metal canopy over the door

Lighter and easier to make with your own hands, a protective canopy can be assembled on the basis of a frame made of a square pipe and a metal strip. A steel visor to protect the entrance block is twice as light, and most importantly, most of the structural details can be made in a garage or in the country.

The use of steel strip makes it possible to copy forged swirls and patterns, and after coating with black lacquer, the tubular structure becomes similar to forged patterns.

A steel tubular structure can be used without any restrictions for the entrance group of any building, regardless of the material and method of construction. Therefore, welded products with a plastic body kit make up about ¾ of all models of canopies and protective structures of the porch and terraces of the house.

Wooden canopy over the door

For a summer residence or a country house, simple hinged structures assembled from pine or spruce are most often used. Despite the simple device, a wooden visor can be very beautiful and durable.

The lightweight wooden frame is highly rigid, so the dimensions of the visor are limited only by common sense and the dimensions of the front door. Unlike steel and forged products, a wooden visor requires constant care and periodic repairs. Every season, the owners have to update the paintwork, check the reliability of fasteners on the wall.

If you make protection from wood with your own hands, then its construction will cost about three times cheaper than steel and five times cheaper than forged. But the use of wood also has its downsides:

• A wooden structure ages quickly, especially if a large amount of sunlight and moisture enters the frame parts. For 10-15 years of operation, the visor over the entrance door made of wood will have to be repaired several times, leveled and changed with dried out and cracked parts;
• The visor, even from the best and most resistant wood, is subject to swelling and “dry” shrinkage. As a result, the material may deform.

No protective varnishes and paints can stop the process of moisture absorption. The only way to prevent "wet" deformation of the visor is to choose a design with good ventilation of the roof space. Usually they try to hang wooden visors higher above the door. This makes it possible to reliably protect the door from rain and at the same time provides good ventilation of the wood from condensed moisture.

Canopy over the door made of polycarbonate

The use of transparent plastic as a roof covering has long become the norm or an unrecognized standard for arranging canopy structures. Canopies of any design and type can be covered with polycarbonate. The choice of brand of polycarbonate sheet depends on the chosen roofing scheme.

For arched or domed visors, honeycomb grades of polycarbonate are used, while monolithic plastic is usually chosen for shed flat roofs and canopies.

Polycarbonate roofs are well tolerated by sunlight, heat and low temperatures. Of the disadvantages of polycarbonate, only strong thermal expansion can be noted. Therefore, on a visor covered with a polycarbonate sheet, “waves” from a swollen coating often appear. As a result, the canopy loses its original appearance and can even flap under gusts of wind.

Polycarbonate can be called the best option for the front door of any design. The flow of light and heat penetrating through the transparent coating of the canopy roof is too weak to negatively affect the paintwork of the front door, but it is enough to dry the canvas from moisture.

The dimensions of the visor above the front door

Before trying to make a protective canopy with your own hands, you need to choose the most suitable roof dimensions. First of all, you need to decide on the configuration of the roof.

For a classic gable roof, the slope of each of the slopes is taken to be within 40-45 °, respectively, the height in the ridge is 70 cm, and the distance between the support beams is taken to be 140 cm.

In this case, the length of each of the slopes of the visor is obtained within 110-115 cm. If we take the height and width of the entrance doors to be 200 cm and 80 cm, respectively, then the upper ridge bar will be mounted at a height of 260-270 cm above the level of the porch area. There is a distance of 30-35 cm between the vertical slopes of the doorway and the conditional installation lines of the support beams on the struts. This is more than enough to effectively drain water from the roof of the canopy and not flood the porch area with puddles.

The easiest way is to build a protective structure from a wooden beam, board, lining and thin cellular polycarbonate. In almost any house there is a minimum of carpentry tools, and the material for the frame can be bought at any building supermarket or roofing salon. A pine beam with a section of 50x50 mm and a lining of 70 mm are suitable.

How to make a visor over the door with your own hands from wood

One of the options for the protective structure is shown in the diagram below.

In order to make a visor over the front door with your own hands, a photo, you will need a bar and lining, metal lining, self-tapping screws and fixing carpentry bolts.

It is necessary to make four sets of parts:

• A pair of horizontal support beams with vertical struts;
• Two pairs of rafters connected in a V-shaped structure with joiner's bolts;
• Horizontal cross members connecting support beams.

First, one of the horizontal crossbars is installed on the walls, then support bars with struts are attached, which then need to be closed with a second transverse beam. Of course, you will first need to mark the height of the canopy above the entrance to the house.

The next step in assembling the canopy is to install and secure two pairs of rafters. They are assembled using hex head carpentry bolts.

Important! The lowest point of the overhangs must be below or at the level of the top edge of the door.

Next, you need to install two spacer crossbars, and you can assemble the crate from the lining. The roof is chosen depending on the design of the door, you can lay a red metal tile or limit yourself to a coating of rolled material.

How to make a visor over the front door with your own hands from polycarbonate

For transparent structures, the classic gable scheme is not suitable. If you want to make a protective canopy over a door with a transparent roof, then the frame will have to be ordered from forged metal.

One of the most successful solutions for wooden visors is shown in the photo below. This option looks great above the door against the background of the light walls of the building.

The principle of building a hinged protection is similar to the previous version, but instead of a wooden crate of slopes, it is necessary to build a roof from wooden arcs. Blanks are cut out of the board - fifties according to the template, polished and varnished.

To install the details of the canopy above the door, we use self-tapping screws and glue. Lastly, a sheet of monolithic polycarbonate, 8 mm thick, is laid.

How to install a canopy over the front door in a private house

The method of installation depends on the material and construction of the walls of the building. The easiest way to install a visor over the front door with your own hands is shown in the photo.

The entire structure is attached to the walls on both sides of the door using vertical strips and dowels. It is clear that this method is suitable for brick, cinder block or concrete walls.

For frame buildings lined with siding and insulation, the installation of a canopy over the door is carried out according to the diagram below.

Part of the cladding at the installation sites is cut out to the supporting frame of the building battens. If the building is built of brick or concrete, then you will have to cut a small segment in the insulation in order to support the strut heel and the horizontal cross member directly on the load-bearing part of the wall.

Important! When attaching the frame, it is impossible to support the struts on the insulation, cladding, and, moreover, on the door block of the entrance to the house.

After installing the canopy, you will need to seal the gaps with foam and mounting sealant.

Samples of canopies over entrance doors

The most common form of a protective visor is considered to be a gable scheme. It concentrates all the most important advantages of modern types of roofing:

• High resistance to strong gusts of wind;
• Strength;
• Great look.

A gable canopy can be installed on the walls, even if the front door is planned without a porch group.

The second most common is the design of a shed visor, as in the photo.

The obvious advantages of such a scheme include an unusual way of arranging a slope. The curved surface of the visor is made of a thin wooden lath, laid in steps on the supporting slope profiles. The advantage of this scheme is the ease of installation, the roof of the canopy is attached above the door using two intermediate horizontal panels.

Most of the steel canopies are made according to the arched scheme from a square pipe with a section of 20 mm. Thanks to the use of transparent cellular polycarbonate, the space under the roof always remains well lit, so both the door and the walls do not seem dark, as is the case under a metal roof.

Forged metal visors look even more elegant and concise. Typically, such a canopy is large enough and rises to the maximum height above the front door, so the design does not "press", does not obscure the entrance and does not block the movement of air.

With the help of transparent molded polycarbonate, you can achieve a unique effect when the canopy above the front door just visually disappears from view.

Two small horizontal load-bearing racks made of metal against the background of a brick wall are practically invisible, and the absolutely transparent plastic of the roof can be seen only by approaching the door of the house.

This protection option would be especially appropriate if the owners do not want to spoil the facade of the old building with modern designs.

Conclusion

In order to build a canopy over the door at the entrance to the house or any other room, you need to choose the right roof design and the method of attaching the canopy to the wall. In order for the protective structure to withstand the load and wind blows, and at the same time look stylish enough, it is best to use a forged frame and transparent polycarbonate. For a small dacha or cottage, the hinged part above the door can be assembled from wood and cellular polycarbonate.

The visor above the door plays an important role. It protects the building from the effects of snow and rain. It also complements the design of the house, which would not be complete without it. To date, many varieties of visors are known, but if you decide to start making one of them yourself, then you need to become more familiar with the technology.

On sale you can find ready-made visors, if you wish, you can order them from professionals. However, the canopy must meet certain requirements. Firstly, the visor always protrudes beyond the porch by 0.5 m or more. This provides a higher degree of protection of materials from precipitation. Secondly, the canopy must be durable and wind resistant. It must be able to support the weight of the snow. Thirdly, the visor in appearance must match the exterior.

Choice of visor type

The visor above the door can be a supporting one according to its design features. In this case, the frame is fixed with poles. The second type are hanging canopies, they are fixed to the wall. The choice of material for such structures will depend on the characteristics of the visor. For example, its supporting variety is able to withstand the huge weight of snow. As for suspended structures, they are made of such materials so that snow does not accumulate on the surface.

The visor above the door can also be classified by shape, such designs are:

• gable;
• tented;
• lean-to;
• arched.

Sheds usually adjoin the upper part to the house. If you want to build a shed canopy, then the wall can be closed on one or both sides to provide maximum wind protection.

The choice of material for the visor

Depending on what shape the canopy will have, you should choose the material. For example, for single-slope and dual-slope visors, you can prefer the following:

• slate;
• profiled sheet;
• metal tile;
• branches;
• reeds;
• leaves.

If the porch will have a more complex design, then you can choose soft tiles or polycarbonate. These materials are able to make the canopy light and durable. In addition, the canopy will have a more attractive appearance. The stores present materials that have different colors, so the master can easily choose the one that is most in harmony with the interior of the house.

If you decide to install a canopy over the door, then before installing the roof, you need to sheathe the rafters with a crate. The material for the canopy is laid on the batten system, while maintaining a step of 300 mm. The system is equipped with waterproofing.

If the roof is soft, then the rafters should be laid in a continuous crate, for this it is necessary to use sheet material or slats that are tightly adjacent to each other. If desired, the canopy can be decorated with cast-iron forging, overhead elements or wood carvings. Such decor is sold in finished form, as an alternative solution is its independent production.

Manufacturing technology of a single-sided canopy of a suspended structure

The Single Slope Hanging Canopy is a fairly lightweight and simple system. However, you can also choose the supporting version of a shed canopy. For the frame, it is recommended to use a metal corner or wood, while a material similar to that used for arranging the roof is used as a coating. Before installing the canopy over the front door, you need to determine the width of the porch, to this figure you need to add 30 cm on each side. The result should be the value of the width of the future canopy.

The next step is to measure the distance in front of the entrance. It is also important to determine the height of the canopy, which will depend on the structure. The tilt angle must be less than 20 °C. The master will have to make metal or wooden rafters. Their length should be equal to the length of the slope. You will need struts and a beam. The design is assembled on self-tapping screws if you decide to use a wooden frame. The latter is strengthened above the porch, at this stage the beam is fixed above the entrance. To do this, you need screws.

The master needs to fix the struts using anchors. When a visor is installed above the door, a photo of which you can find in the article, you will also need to lay a crate on the rafters. If the covering material is soft tiles, the crate is made of a solid board or waterproof plywood. The material is laid on the rafters and fixed. At the final stage, a downpipe is installed. If the visor was fastened to a multilayer wall, then it is fixed on the carrier layer with stainless steel material. In those places where the struts and beams will pass, it is necessary to provide sealing to prevent the insulation from getting wet.

Making a suspended gable canopy

A more complex design is a gable hanging canopy. However, it will be more reliable during precipitation. In addition, this design is more rigid, it protects better from the effects of wind. At the first stage, you need to measure the doorway, following the method that was described above. The master will have to determine the dimensions of the triangular brackets and battens, which will depend on the length of the canopy. The width and height will determine the dimensions of the rafters. At the next stage, you need to make two wooden or metal brackets, and then strengthen them to each other, setting them perpendicular and strengthening with a strut. The elements are fixed on the wall at the distance at which the visor will be located in width.

Vertical beams are applied to the wall, their position is checked by a level, the whole system is reinforced with screws. Having examined the photo of the canopies above the front door, you can decide that the structure will be supporting. In this case, metal or wood poles are installed instead of brackets. Holes are dug at the right distance from each other, at the bottom of each of them a sand cushion is created, which is covered with rubble. Pillars are installed in the recesses and poured with concrete. From above they should be connected with load-bearing beams.

Work methodology

Rafters must be made from edged boards or wooden blocks. If the canopy is small, then two pairs are enough. The legs are fastened with crossbars and fixed on the upper shelves of the brackets. The ridge beam will be located on top.

When a visor is made over the door with your own hands, a plank or plywood crate must be placed on top of the rafters. Now you can strengthen the gutter hooks by laying the roof and fixing it. The master needs to install wind strips and an abutment strip, which will provide protection from precipitation. The master should fix the cornice strip and the downpipe, reinforcing the structure with hooks.

Making an arched polycarbonate visor

The simplest solution would be an arched polycarbonate visor. The frame for it is purchased ready-made. If you want to do this work yourself, then you need to measure the porch and determine the parameters of the frame. Next, the square pipe or aluminum pipe must be bent in an arc. Two such arcs are interconnected by straight pipe segments at each end. If necessary, a beam can be welded on the back.

When a visor is installed over a polycarbonate door, at the next stage, canopies must be welded to the rear arc, with their help the structure will be fixed to the wall. The frame is painted, and after drying, it must be installed above the porch and strengthened with screws. Polycarbonate is fixed to it with the help of self-tapping screws. If such a structure is reinforced above the porch in a one-story house, then the roof overhangs should overlap the canopy by 20 cm or more. In this case, you will prevent moisture from getting into the place where the visor is attached to the wall.

For reference

The most common canopy designs are polycarbonate systems, the base of which is made of forged elements. Under brick or stone houses, metal tile roofs are usually used. Whereas wooden sheds are suitable for log houses, the facades of which are equipped with wood finishes.

Features of the manufacture of forged visors

If you like forged canopies over the door, then their manufacture should be entrusted to professionals. Such work is done in blacksmith workshops. Heavy-duty steel is used as the material for the work. The process looks like this. The workpiece is heated to the maximum temperature. With the use of a hand tool or a press, the product is shaped. Sometimes cold forging is also used, while the products are not preheated. For shaping, pressing, bending and welding methods are used. The disadvantage of such methods is the impossibility of using artistic techniques. At the same time, the volume of defects increases, it is difficult to correct errors on cold metal, or there is no possibility at all.

Conclusion

If you are thinking about the question of how to make a visor over the door, then you first need to familiarize yourself with the main varieties of such structures. Next, you should evaluate the budget, it will allow you to understand which material is better to use for the work. It can be metal, wood and polycarbonate.

Using polycarbonate, you will get a visor that will be reliable, durable, practical and durable. Such material will not make the appearance of the house "heavy". On the contrary, the design will look airy. Quite often, wood is used for such work. It is easy to work, but can rot within a few years if it is not properly processed.

A homemade canopy over a door or balcony is not a standard design regulated by SNiP or GOST, but an element with unlimited design possibilities. Of course, the initial and main purpose of such a canopy is protection from precipitation and, to some extent, from sunlight, but for the exterior this is one of the most important elements. Due to the fact that different materials can be used for the visor, it is possible to change not only its appearance, but also the cost.

When designing, it should be borne in mind that the canopy over the front door or balcony is not a carport, therefore, its dimensions are much smaller. That is, above the front door, it will cover only the porch or its upper part, and above the balcony - only a protruding slab or a few centimeters further.

Canopy structure made of steel profile, wire and polycarbonate

Preparing tools for building a mini-canopy

You can't do without a puncher during installation

Since the canopy over the door or balcony is made of different materials, the installation tool is also somewhat different, although not significantly. From the list below, you can choose what is more suitable for a particular option:

• the structure is attached to the wall of the house, which means that you definitely need a puncher, in extreme cases - an electric drill with the “drilling / impact” function;
• for cutting roofing material you will need an electric jigsaw or an angle grinder (grinder). In addition, a grinder will be required if the supporting frame is made of metal;
• to assemble the metal frame, welding and, possibly, wrenches are needed;
• a screwdriver or an electric drill with nozzles is needed to fix the roofing material and the supporting structure;
• pipe bending machine (manual or electric);
• laser (water) and / or regular long level;
• metric tape measure and pencil.

The choice of roofing material and consumables

Polycarbonate visor drawing

All types of visors above the front door or balcony are divided into two main types - straight and curved. The choice of material for the roof and the supporting structure depends on this factor:

• peaks over a door or a bent-type balcony can only be made of polycarbonate. In this case, monolithic sheets are usually used, since there is simply no point in cellular panels - they are needed for insulation;
• in addition, to make a bent supporting frame, a metal solid or hollow profile is needed. For the manufacture of openwork sidewalls, a wire rod with a diameter of 5-6 mm is usually used, or such elements are bought ready-made;
• for straight structures, you can get by with wooden slats 50 × 50 mm, but this is not as attractive as a metal profile, although it is much easier to install;
• from roofing materials, corrugated board, metal tiles, galvanized sheet and slate (straight or wave) are still suitable here;
• to fix the structure to the wall, you will need anchor bolts - you can, of course, use plastic dowels 6-8mm in diameter with screws for this, but given the possible wind and snow loads, it is better to play it safe;
• self-tapping screws with press washers or nails for roofing material;
• river sand for bending tubular profiles;
• sealant or mounting foam to close the gap near the wall.

Assembly and installation of different options for visors

turn, you need to understand the principle of its attachment. When this side of the issue becomes clear, then you can design the supporting frame for a straight or curved coating, as well as choose a roofing material.

Polycarbonate canopy layout

The principle of fastening the supporting frame for a canopy

The simplest design of the supporting frame

The drawing above shows the simplest supporting structure for a canopy, but thanks to it you can figure out the method of attachment. The anchors are screwed into the wall through the rear horizontal bar and the rear vertical profile of the sidewall. As a rule, two anchors are needed for the horizontal, and one each for the verticals.

For fasteners, expansion dowels made of plastic should be chosen, but in no case should a molly (umbrella) be it plastic or metal. The length here depends on the thickness of the profile and the density of the wall (plaster), but in most cases 150 mm is enough for reliable fixation. For the porch, four fastening points are enough, but for the horizontal balcony they should be done after 50-60 cm.

The design of the supporting frame with its own characteristics

Before talking about how to make a canopy on a balcony or porch, you should choose the most appropriate form of construction. The configuration here is determined not only by the exterior design, but also by technical capabilities.

For example, when there is a small distance between the door and the roof (30-40 cm), then the frame in the form of a dome or semi-dome simply does not fit in size, and nothing can be done about it.

Possible frame configurations

If you assemble the frame from a metal profile, then the connections should be made by electric welding - the structure is non-separable, but this is not necessary. When there is a need to weld a canopy for a balcony, this will have to be done directly at the installation site, which can cause some inconvenience due to the lack of free space for work. You will have to put up with this - it is much more difficult to raise a finished assembly to the floor.

To make a direct design, a welding machine and a grinder are enough - according to a pre-drawn drawing or sketch, profiles are cut and welded into a frame. To draw up such a plan, it is not at all necessary to be a draftsman - you just need to measure the length and width of the porch (balcony slab), and then, based on this data, make a sketch on a piece of paper.

How to bend a round or profiled pipe

Sand is needed to bend the profiled pipe

In order to make the visor above the front door or balcony rounded, such as an arch, dome or "Marquise", it is necessary to bend a part of the tubular profiles, which is not quite easy to do. The difficulty here lies in the fact that the bend must be done with a certain radius, and in addition, it must be symmetrical to other elements. For such directional deformation, two things are used - river sand and a pipe bender (manual or electric).

Such machines cost a lot, especially with an electric drive, so it makes no sense to buy them for the manufacture of one design - it is better to rent a tool. If you work on a manual machine, then, despite the lever, you need to exert considerable physical effort there, so it is best to warm up the processed profile. It is more convenient to do this by gas welding, but most often it is not available, so heating is carried out in an ordinary fire.

Manual pipe bender with a set of nozzles

A round or profiled pipe during this type of processing can bend asymmetrically, even when heated, which will spoil the appearance of the finished structure - this is due to the difference in wall thickness (manufacturing defect). To avoid unpredictable defects, river sand is poured inside the profile and its ends are jammed - the sand creates density in the void and the bend passes smoothly, only under the pressure of roller nozzles.

As a rule, cheaper suture material is used for frames - but if you install the profile in the rollers of the machine on the wrong side, then this seam may disperse. Therefore, when bending a round or profiled pipe, install it so that the seam is on the inside of the circle. So the connection will experience less load, and the probability of joint divergence will practically be reduced to zero.

Some nuances of manufacturing a bent frame

Polycarbonate canopy over the balcony

In the upper photo there is a visor above the front door of a bent-type balcony - here you should pay attention to the steepness of the arc of the profiles that support polycarbonate. If we talk about the general capabilities of pipe bending machines, then with their help you can make a turn by 30-179ᵒ, that is, almost turn around in the opposite direction. But this should not be abused - too sharp a turn will most likely cause a seam to diverge on the profile, even if it is filled with sand and heated.

For each manual or electric machine, a set of nozzles is supplied by the manufacturer, thanks to which you can choose the desired angle. Therefore, if you need to bend several profiles symmetrically, then one specific nozzle is used for this. On sample frames (examples are found in the section “Design of a supporting frame with its own features”), the radii and length of the pipes exactly match each other.

Fastening different roofing materials

Semi-arched design of the visor above the entrance

It is quite natural that the figured polycarbonate visors above the door, as in the photo above, are more difficult to assemble, but, in both straight and curved structures, the coating is fixed in the same way - with screws. To fix other roofing materials, slate nails, ordinary or press-washer screws (with and without a rubber seal), bolts with nuts and aluminum rivets can be used.

Multi-colored self-tapping screws for corrugated board

Fasteners are chosen in accordance with the roofing material, for example, for corrugated board and metal tiles, special self-tapping screws with multi-colored heads are sold - they are selected according to the color of the roof. But if colored polycarbonate is used for the canopy, then in this case it is also advisable to use plain screws, and since they are not made specifically for PC, you can use fasteners designed for corrugated board.

In the case of installing transparent polycarbonate visors above the front door, as in the photo below, you can use white self-tapping screws with a press washer, but they are without a rubber gasket - it is better to add it separately. With these screws, but without rubber, it is good to fix galvanized sheet metal - sheet and corrugated. For slate, you need slate nails with an aluminum washer to compensate for thermal deformation, or screws with a rubberized press washer.

Straight transparent PC visor

It should be borne in mind that the wooden supporting structure is designed only for a straight roof, but it is much cheaper. In the event that a wooden profile is involved, it should be treated with an antiseptic before painting.

Photo gallery of visors in different styles

Taking as a basis the photo of the visors above the door and the balcony, it will not be difficult to find your own version of the design. When choosing, it is important to take into account the architecture of the house, the roofing material of the main roof, facade decoration, and if we are talking about a balcony, then the style of the entire building.

Forging is an eternal classic

Mini canopy over the front door

Option for a wooden house

Balcony in a private house

metal structure

Modern style design

Stylish minimalism

Of course, a professional who knows how to make a canopy over a door or balcony from any material will do the job better and faster. If the goal of saving is not worth it, it is better to immediately contact the masters.

Video: do-it-yourself visor over the door