Obstructive bronchitis microbial 10 international classification of diseases. Chronic bronchitis coding in mcb. J13 Pneumonia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae

For the convenience of recording patients and diseases, there is a special unified international system. Acute bronchitis, ICD code 10 in adults and children, is customary to prescribe certain symbols all over the world.

Acute bronchitis code for mcd 10 in children

All pathologies and diseases associated with organs that perform respiratory functions are assigned to class X according to ICD 10. Acute bronchitis code for ICD 10 in children has the code J 20. This code combination is assigned if patients diagnosed with acute bronchitis do not turned 15 years old.

In addition to the main designation, acute bronchitis, the microbial code 10 includes one additional digit, depending on the pathogen or cause of the disease and its form.

In children, the diagnosis is recorded as follows:

• J0 - the disease is caused by pathogenic microorganisms mycoplasmas. These microbes do not have their own cell membrane and penetrate into the cells of the respiratory system. The immune system does not recognize them and, due to the high rate of reproduction and movement, they cause acute inflammation of the bronchi.
• J1 - inflammation of the bronchi in persons under 15 years of age, of various nature.
• J2 - Bronchitis is caused by streptococcal bacteria.
• J3 - the disease occurs when the bronchi are affected by enterovirus A or Coxsackie.
• J4 - acute course of the disease associated with the parainfluenza virus;
• J5 - bronchitis, the acute manifestation of which is caused by a syncytial virus.
• J6, acute inflammatory bronchial disease associated with Rhinovirus;
• J7 - the cause of the acute form of the disease is an ecovirus;
• J8 - acute form of bronchitis is caused by other specified pathogens.
• J9 - all other acute, unspecified types of bronchitis.

Acute forms of inflammation of the bronchi are very common in children from birth to 5-6 years. This is due to the peculiarity of the child's body and its immune defenses. Treatment is carried out under medical supervision.

Acute bronchitis, ICD code 10 in adults

Inflammatory processes in the respiratory tract in an acute form are more likely to affect the elderly than younger people. This is due to a weakened immune system and accumulated other ailments. Acute bronchitis code for microbial 10 in adults, doctors, after making a diagnosis by a doctor, indicate as J 20. Different types of acute bronchitis are coded by the indicated combination of letters and numbers. This includes various all acute forms caused by various pathogens, including those occurring with complications:

1. spasms in the bronchi;
2. septic infections;
3. purulent secretions;
4. with tracheitis.

An additional symbol is added depending on the pathogen:

• J0 is the causative agent of mycoplasma;
• J1 - the cause of the Afanasiev-Pfeiffer stick;
• J2 - causative agent of streptococcus;
• J3 - causes enterovirus A;
• J4 - causative agent of the parainfluenza virus;
• J5 - causes damage to the syncytial virus;
• J6 - cause of rhinovirus;
• J7 - causes echovirus;
• J8 - various specified causes;
• J 9 - not specified bronchitis.

The acute form of inflammation is always accompanied by a cough. At the beginning of the disease, it is most often a non-productive cough. If treatment is started on time, then after 7-8 days the cough becomes wet or productive. By the end of the second week, it gradually subsides. To consolidate the results, it is necessary to continue treating acute bronchitis for at least seven more days after the main symptoms have subsided.

With this disease, the use of drugs that thin the sputum and facilitate its discharge is indicated. The question of the use of antibiotics for the treatment of acute bronchitis is taken by the doctor. Most often they are appointed if the process is accompanied by a high temperature. In acute bronchitis, treatment must be completed to the end, otherwise it may become chronic. Even if in the first days the medication is started on its own, in the following days a visit to the doctor is necessary.

Acute bronchitis code for ICb 10 j40

In addition to the above designations, acute bronchitis code for microbial 10 can also be written with other combinations of numbers and Latin letters. Acute bronchitis code for microbial 10 j 40 denotes both the acute course of the disease and similar varieties.

For example:

• Catarrhal bronchitis, in symptoms and course, is similar to an acute form. Inflammation affects the mucous membranes without penetration into the tissues of the bronchi. It differs from the acute form by a large amount of sputum. Accompanies colds or occurs as a complication;
• A form of bronchitis accompanied by inflammation of the trachea. Tracheitis is caused by the same viruses and bacteria as the acute course of bronchitis. It is treated with the same drugs as acute bronchial disease.
• Tracheobronchitis occurs most often in an acute form. This pathology is not very often an independent disease. It is mainly a complication after whooping cough, SARS, acute respiratory infections. The cause may be staphylococci, pneumococci and other microbes. Requires immediate medical treatment to avoid serious complications, blockage of the bronchi.
• Other unspecified forms and types of bronchitis. Asthmatic, allergic bronchitis and acute pathologies caused by chemicals were excluded from this section.

Acute bronchitis MCD code 10 84.0

All diseases associated with the occurrence of inflammatory processes in the respiratory organs belong to class X. Acute bronchitis, ICD code 10 84.0, is characterized by disorders in structures such as the alveoli. The process of respiration and gas exchange that occurs in the lungs and bronchi depends on them. Pathological phenomena are most often associated with the accumulation of harmful substances in the respiratory organs.

Characteristic signs of disorders in the alveoli are:

• shortness of breath;
• pain inside the chest;
• scanty yellowish sputum;
• respiratory failure;
• bluish lip color;
• sweating;
• fatigue;
• weight loss.

The correct diagnosis according to ICD J 84 helps to make fluoroscopy. It is necessary to treat this pathology. The treatment is quite complicated and is associated with saturation of the lung tissue with oxygen and washing them with saline.

The acute course most often has a low percentage of favorable outcomes. The disease is aggravated by various fungal, viral and other infectious lesions. Acute bronchitis, ICD code 10, also needs timely treatment. It must be agreed with the doctor.

Acute bronchitis code for microbial 10 treatment

Any disease begins with a diagnosis. In acute forms, it is put on the basis of the clinical picture, analyzes and x-ray. If the diagnosis of acute bronchitis is confirmed, ICD code 10, treatment is directed primarily to individual symptoms.

Since acute bronchitis at its onset is manifested by a dry type of cough, with sputum difficult to separate, the following medications are indicated:

• Lazolvan;
• Ambroxol;
• Codelac neo;
• Bromhexine;
• Herbion.

In some cases, antibiotics can help treat acute bronchitis. Only a doctor can prescribe their use. He selects not only the drug, but also the dose. It depends on the age of the patient and the severity of the disease. The main reasons for prescribing antibiotics are:

• no improvement within three weeks;
• heat;
• yellow or green sputum with blood;
• strong wheezing.

A good effect is given by fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins. Macrolides such as erythromycin are also used. If bronchitis is viral in nature, then antibiotics will not help. Here the patient is shown a home regimen, drinking plenty of water, conducting inhalations. Acute bronchitis, ICD code J 20, can be cured faster if official and traditional medicine is used.

Acute obstructive bronchitis, ICD code 10 in children

The occurrence of inflammation of various nature in childhood is associated primarily with the peculiarity of the development of the respiratory system. In addition, children are more prone to hypothermia, colds. Acute obstructive bronchitis, microbial code 10 in children, doctors indicate a combination of J 20.

This form occurs against the background of a cold or viral disease. It is characterized most often by an acute and sudden onset. It proceeds with blockage of the bronchi, the occurrence of edema, a rise in temperature. Mucus in children has a thicker consistency than in adults. Which causes an obstruction.

This form requires:

1. In the room where the child is and sleeps, reduce the temperature to + 22 degrees, humidify the air, clean and wipe the dust.
2. Increase the amount of fluid. It will thin the sputum and make it easier to cough up.
3. Perform therapeutic massage.
4. Take medications prescribed by your doctor.

An integrated approach to treatment leads to recovery in two to three weeks.

Acute bronchitis with an asthmatic component, ICD code 10

Acute bronchitis with an asthmatic component code for microbial 10 is often denoted by J 45.9. This form of the disease has similar symptoms to asthma. The difference from asthma is that there are no asthma attacks. Despite this, modern doctors regard this species as a pre-asthmatic condition.

The causes of the disease can be:

• heredity;
• infectious or viral pathogens, very often staphylococcus aureus causes pathology;
• various allergens, dust, pollen, animal hair.

Preschool children and younger schoolchildren get sick most often. The frequency of diseases may be seasonal. Antispasmodics, vitamins, mucolytics are used for treatment. It is possible to prescribe antibiotics. A good effect is given by inhalation with a nebulizer.

Acute, chronic bronchitis ICb code 10

Acute, chronic bronchitis code for microbial 10 is written as J 40. This includes bronchitis of an unspecified nature, both acute and chronic.

Regardless of the form, the disease is diagnosed on the basis of images, analyzes and the clinical picture. In some cases, sputum cultures are performed or bronchoscopy is prescribed. The chronic form very often arises from a poorly treated acute form. Acute bronchitis lasts 10-20 days.

You can talk about chronic bronchitis when a person has been sick for at least 90 days in 24 months. Bad habits, especially smoking, can influence the course of the disease. The incidence of disease is associated with cold and damp weather. In addition to the usual means, you need to strengthen the immune system and lead a healthy and proper lifestyle.

Acute bronchitis code, according to microbial 10 in adults and children, is prescribed in outpatient cards or in case histories without fail. This helps to analyze the effectiveness of treatment in different groups of patients. You can read reviews on this topic or write your opinion on the forum.

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The main symptoms of bronchial lesions in adults is the presence of a strong cough. Chronic bronchitis may have other signs, for example, fever during periods of exacerbation, shortness of breath with obstructive form. Treatment is carried out by eliminating the root causes of the pathology, how exactly to treat the disease is decided by the pulmonologist

What it is?

Chronic bronchitis is a situation of diffuse inflammation in the bronchial mucosa. The inflammatory process penetrates deep into the walls, due to which peribronchitis develops. The disease is characterized by periods of exacerbation of symptoms and their remission.

The prevalence of chronic bronchitis among adults is quite high. More susceptible to it men over 50, the incidence of which is several times higher than in women of the same age. Exposure to bronchitis is associated with risks of other serious pathologies, such as bronchial asthma, various lung lesions, including cancer.

Types of bronchitis

In clinical practice, there are several chronic bronchitis, pulmonologists distinguish two of them:

• The primary form, when the bronchial tree is exposed to diffuse damage, and there are no symptoms and manifestations of other inflammatory reactions in the body.
• They speak of a secondary form in chronic bronchitis, which is formed against the background of other diseases of the pulmonary system, nasopharynx, kidney failure, etc.

In addition, obstructive and non-obstructive types of bronchitis are distinguished. This parameter indicates how well the lungs are ventilated, while:

• The non-obstructive type does not imply ventilation problems.
• Chronic obstructive bronchitis means that oxygen supply is constantly obstructed.

The obstructive form means the simultaneous defeat of both bronchial function and ventilation, which is why the symptoms are more pronounced.

Causes

The main reason why adults develop chronic bronchitis is the regular influence of negative factors. Such is:

• smoke from tobacco
• Air with a high content of dust and other contaminants
• Exposure to infections and viruses

Photo 1. Differences in the condition of the bronchus

Above, we indicated that the disease is more characteristic of adults who are over fifty. Indeed, for the formation of chronic bronchitis, these negative factors must affect a person for a long time. Therefore, the pathology progresses very slowly. However, if this happens, then it is very difficult to deal with the irreversible narrowing of the bronchus. Treatment is a long process that requires willpower and determination from an adult patient.

A variety of infections, viruses, etc. can significantly bring chronic bronchitis with its unpleasant symptoms and signs closer. Transferred acute bronchitis is also a good foundation for the appearance of a chronic form.

Symptoms of chronic bronchitis

Affected adults note that symptoms develop slowly over many years. Chronic bronchitis of the early stage has practically no signs, while the patient's condition is normal. But over time, the insufficiency of the respiratory system is felt more and more, which leads to fatigue and weakness.

The main symptom in chronic bronchitis is cough. At an early stage of development, it does not cause much trouble, sometimes appearing in the morning after sleep. However, later exacerbations overtake adults during the day, in the evening and even during sleep. The intensity of the cough depends on the weather, it increases with an increase in the humidity of the environment.

According to the sound in the periods between attacks, the cough is muffled, it is associated with the release of odorless mucus sputum. When exacerbated, his character changes to "barking".

Obstructive chronic bronchitis carries additional symptoms of impaired lung ventilation. At the same time, signs of shortness of breath, tachycardia, inability to breathe are noticeable.

Exacerbation of chronic bronchitis

The impetus for exacerbation is usually the disease of an adult with an acute respiratory disease. The period of the attack is characterized by exacerbated symptoms with a very strong cough, abundant sputum. If the latter takes on a purulent appearance, then this indicates the presence of bacteria that caused the disease. With exacerbation, fever is often observed.

Chronic obstructive bronchitis

So I call the most severe form of the disease, which combines the narrowing of the bronchus and problems with ventilation of the lungs. Signs of an obstructive form:

• Having a severe cough that does not bring relief
• The slightest physical activity leads to shortness of breath and tightness of the respiratory organs
• The presence of whistling sounds during exhalation
• Extended exhalation

With obstructive bronchitis of the initial degree, the symptoms are blurred and little manifested. During the transition to the chronic phase, a hacking cough occurs against the background of difficult respiratory function. When coughing up sputum, the adult's condition stabilizes.

smoking and bronchitis

Smokers sooner or later face smoker's bronchitis. A chronic illness in this case occurs due to the constant long-term saturation of the lungs with cigarette combustion products. Many have noticed that heavy smokers often fall into a fit of coughing, coughing up profusely and spitting out phlegm. These are the consequences of the exacerbation.

Smokers often suffer from long coughs in the morning. Initially, only one lung is affected by bronchitis, gradually the chronic pathology becomes bilateral. If you do not quit smoking and do not conduct treatment, then you cannot avoid the development of persistent pneumonia with an old cough.

Smoking often becomes an insurmountable barrier in the fight against bronchitis of various types, since it is very difficult to completely quit this addiction and the return to cigarettes constantly supports the inflammatory process.

Treatment of chronic bronchitis

How to treat chronic bronchitis is found out individually, after examining a person. To assess treatment tactics, it is important to learn not only about the condition of an adult patient, but also about the features of his work and place of residence.

A frequent question that torments patients is whether and how to cure chronic bronchitis forever? Unfortunately, in the rooted stage, the disease cannot be completely cured, but medicine can significantly improve a person’s condition, saving him from exacerbations and an acute, exhausting cough.

Depending on the results of the diagnosis, the treatment involves:

1. Preparations with antibacterial properties in the presence of an infectious or viral cause.
2. Means that improve expectoration and relieve swelling in the bronchi.
3. Medicines to suppress the inflammatory process and acute allergic reactions.
4. Inhalers for maximum rapid delivery of the active substance to the site of exposure.
5. Physiotherapy.
6. Adjustment of daily habits, nutrition, etc.

With the development of a serious condition, the patient is treated with the help of therapeutic bronchoscopy and other techniques. If the drainage function is disturbed, then inhalations with alkali solutions, a postural drainage procedure with vibration massage of the chest are necessary to restore it.

Also, the treatment is supplemented with breathing exercises, electrophoresis and UHF, spa recovery.

How to be treated at home

Chronic bronchitis in adults is treated at home, but all therapeutic actions are initiated and controlled by a pulmonologist. The use of methods and methods of traditional medicine must be coordinated with it, alternative treatment can only be part of general therapy.

We list the principles of home treatment of bronchitis in an adult:

• The first step is to find the root cause of the disease and eliminate it. Often it is smoking. It is difficult to get rid of it, but it must be done. Next on the list are chronic infectious lesions in the nasopharynx and throat, for example, tonsillitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis. They must be treated and not allowed to take their course.
• Reception of antibiotics is shown only at an exacerbation, a code activation of an infection or a virus is observed. This is usually associated with an increase in body temperature and purulent sputum. Preparations of the penicillin group and others are prescribed. After their use, the restoration of microflora in the intestines with the help of probiotics is required.
• If the factor that causes an attack of chronic bronchitis is SARS or influenza, then antiviral agents are indicated. Treatment is with Anaferon, Amizon, Aflubin, etc.
• Inhalation. An important stage of treatment. To achieve anti-inflammatory and expectorant effects, essential oils, eucalyptus, camphor, onion, garlic are suitable. If there are no acute symptoms, then an aroma lamp or applying the product to the collar of the clothes is enough. In severe cases, compressor nebulizers are suitable, with the help of which the drug reaches the smallest bronchi.
• Steroid anti-inflammatory drugs. Help reduce mucus secretion by suppressing inflammation, obstruction.
• Boosting immunity with vitamins

Activation of treatment at home is needed during an exacerbation of chronic bronchitis in an adult. During the calm period, it is required to carry out prevention and avoid provoking factors.

ICD-10 code

The International Classification of Diseases classified bronchitis as class 10, its code J40, codes according to ICD-10 are possible - J20, J44

Prevention

Chronic bronchitis is easier to prevent than to deal with its long-term treatment. To do this, it is important to limit the influence of the factors indicated above in the causes leading to bronchial insufficiency. To do this, an adult must not start and treat chronic pathologies of the throat and nose in time, give up cigarettes, change jobs, or use all the prescribed personal respiratory protection equipment.

The climate in which a person lives is also important. Dry and warm ambient air will have a positive effect on lung activity in adults and children.

If it is impossible to move to a permanent place of residence, it is necessary to periodically visit specialized sanatoriums and resorts with sea and mountain air.

Chronic bronchitis (ICB code 10 - J42) is still a very common disease in our time. And one of the most, perhaps, common in the field of respiratory diseases. Chronic bronchitis is a consequence of acute bronchitis. It is the acute form, constantly repeated, that leads to the chronic form. In order not to suffer from this disease, it is important to prevent the recurrence of acute bronchitis.

What is chronic bronchitis?

In simple terms, it is inflammation of the bronchial mucosa. As a result of inflammation, a large amount of sputum (mucus) is released. The person's breath is affected. It's broken. If excess sputum is not excreted, then bronchial ventilation is disturbed. Mucus literally floods the cilia of the ciliated epithelium, and they cannot perform their function, the function of expulsion. Although, due to an insufficient amount of mucus, the active activity of the cilia is also disturbed.

There are two forms of chronic bronchitis - primary (independent inflammation of the bronchi) and secondary (the bronchi are affected by infection in infectious diseases). The reason is the defeat of a virus or bacteria. Perhaps the impact of various physical (or chemical) stimuli. Bronchitis and dust are caused. They are called - dust bronchitis.

The nature of sputum is also different: just mucous or mucopurulent; putrefactive; may be accompanied by hemorrhage; croupous.

Chronic bronchitis can cause complications:

• asthmatic syndrome;
• focal pneumonia; From this article you can learn what to do when a cough after pneumonia does not go away.
• peribronchitis;
• emphysema.

Causes and risk factors

The development of chronic bronchitis is facilitated by foci of chronic infection, diseases of the nose, nasopharynx, adnexal cavities

Recurrent acute bronchitis leads to chronic bronchitis. So the best prevention in this case will be a quick cure for the acute form of the disease.

Prevention of secondary bronchitis: therapeutic exercises, hardening (of great importance), taking general tonics. These remedies include: pantocrine, ginseng, eleutherococcus, magnolia vine, apilac, vitamins.

The development of chronic bronchitis is promoted by smoking, dustiness, air pollution, alcohol abuse. Diseases of the nose, nasopharynx, adnexal cavities can also be the cause. Contribute to re-infection foci of chronic infection. This disease can be caused by a weak immune system.

The very first signs

With exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, the cough increases, sputum purulence increases, fever is possible

The first, most important symptom is a cough. It can be "dry" or "wet", that is, with or without phlegm. There is pain in the chest. Most often, the temperature rises. The absence of temperature is a sign of a weak immune system.

With a simple form of bronchitis, the ventilation of the bronchi is not disturbed. Symptoms of obstructive bronchitis are wheezing, as ventilation is impaired. With exacerbations, the cough intensifies, purulent sputum increases, fever is possible.
Diagnosis of chronic bronchitis is usually not in doubt.

The four main symptoms are cough, sputum, shortness of breath, deterioration in general condition. However, when establishing the diagnosis, it is necessary to exclude other diseases of the respiratory system.

Treatment Methods

Bed rest, humidified air and a ventilated room are the main conditions for the treatment of bronchitis

Treatment depends on the stage of the disease. General measures in various forms are the prohibition of smoking, the elimination of substances that irritate the respiratory tract; treatment of a runny nose, if any, of the throat; use of physiotherapy and expectorants. Additionally, antibiotics are prescribed for purulent bronchitis, and bronchospasmolytics and glucocorticoids (steroid hormones) for obstructive bronchitis.

What are the symptoms of untreated bronchitis, indicated in this article.

How bronchitis is treated with pine buds is indicated in the article.

What antibiotics for acute bronchitis should be taken is indicated in the article here: http://prolor.ru/g/lechenie/kak-vylechit-bronxit-antibiotikami.html

Hospitalization is required only in very serious condition.

At high temperatures, bed rest is necessary. In other cases, you can do without bed rest, but it is worth observing more or less strict rest. The air in the room needs to be humidified. Now let's talk specifically about the methods of treatment.

Medication treatment

Strong antibiotics for bronchitis are used only in severe or advanced form, tk. First of all, the immune system suffers from their use. Appointed only by a doctor individually.

Here it is necessary to remember that there are natural antibiotics. Propolis is one of them. Adults suffer from chronic bronchitis more often and alcohol tincture can be used: 40 drops should be diluted with water. Take this solution 3 times a day. In this proportion, propolis should be taken for the first three days, then the dosage is reduced to 10-15 drops. You can use its water extract: 1 tsp. 4-6 times a day. Treatment with propolis (as well as herbs) is long-term, up to a month. Calendula flowers also belong to natural antibiotics. Recall that other
effective drugs:

• Acetylsalicylic acid. Do not neglect such a simple tool in our time. It should be taken strictly after meals, three times a day. It reduces chest pain, reduces fever, eliminates fever. Works like a decoction of raspberries.
• Expectorants. Here you need to decide what you like best - herbs or ready-made pharmacy forms. Pharmacists offer a huge selection, these are various syrups: marshmallow, licorice root, primrose flowers, etc. Doctor MOM syrups and ointments are very effective. They are exclusively plant-based. There are also ready-made preparations, such as bromhexine, ambrobene, gedelix, fervex. All of them are effective, but pay special attention to contraindications. This article lists expectorant cough syrups for children.
• Effective in obstructive bronchitis lycorine hydrochloride. The drug has a bronchodilatory effect, well dilutes sputum. But he has contraindications.

Folk remedies

For the treatment of chronic bronchitis folk remedies in adults are used:

What herbs are still used in the treatment of chronic bronchitis? Calamus marsh, Marshmallow officinalis and anise. Black elderberry (used for fever), common heather, spring adonis. This is medicinal sweet clover, medicinal lungwort, tricolor violet.

And one more remedy, if there are no contraindications, available to everyone is milk. Nothing cleanses the bronchi and lungs like milk. But in case of illness, you need to drink it with soda and oil (even better - fat, lard). If bronchitis is accompanied by a cough, effective grandmother's cough recipes, such as figs with milk, milk with soda, and homemade cough drops, will help.

The first recommendation for bronchitis is to drink plenty of water! It's great if it's berry juice. Cranberries, viburnum, raspberries, sea buckthorn, lingonberries are very effective. Chamomile tea, just tea with lemon (freshly brewed). The drink must be warm! Cold, even at room temperature, is unacceptable.

Physiotherapy is a necessary part of treatment. But you can start physiotherapy not earlier than the temperature subsides. What is it about him? Everyone knows and affordable mustard plasters, banks. Compresses on the chest will also help. They must be warm. Maybe on the back. It is advisable to use inhalations with medicinal herbs. Rubbing with suet, badger fat, pharmaceutical rubbing. A light rubbing massage is useful.

You can do “dry” inhalation”: drop 4-5 drops of essential oil (pine, spruce, juniper, eucalyptus, etc.) into a hot frying pan.

The role of nutrition. In chronic bronchitis, nutrition should be easy! The presence of a large number of vitamins is invaluable, especially vitamin "C". Not fatty chicken broth is useful. This cannot be neglected.

Note: if at the very beginning of treatment you take a laxative (hay leaf, buckthorn bark), i.e. cleanse the body, it will be easier for him to cope with the disease. The body's defenses will become stronger.

Important: remedies that restore the immune system cannot be used in the acute stage! These include: apilac, pollen, immunal, ginseng, eleutherococcus, etc. You will take this during the recovery period.

Video

Read more about the correct treatment of chronic bronchitis in this video:

To summarize: you can cure chronic bronchitis! The main thing is not to give up and not leave treatment. Don't let the sickness come back. It is very important to individually choose a medicine that is right for you. Weigh the pros and cons". And don't forget about prevention.

Bronchitis in children

Bronchitis is an inflammatory process in the bronchi of various etiologies (infectious, allergic, chemical, physical, etc.). The term "bronchitis" covers lesions of the bronchi of any caliber: small bronchioles - bronchiolitis, trachea - tracheitis or tracheobronchitis.

ICD-10 code

Bronchitis, unspecified. both acute and chronic, has the code J40. In children under 15 years of age, it may be considered acute in nature and should be classified under J20. Recurrent bronchitis and recurrent obstructive bronchitis are included in the ICD-10 under the code J40.0-J43.0.

See also: acute bronchitis

ICD-10 code J20 Acute bronchitis J20.0 Acute bronchitis caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae J20.1 Acute bronchitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae [Afanasiev-Pfeiffer rod] J20.2 Acute bronchitis caused by streptococcus J20.3 Acute bronchitis caused by Coxsackie virus J20 .4 Acute bronchitis due to parainfluenza virus J20.5 Acute bronchitis due to respiratory syncytial virus J20.6 Acute bronchitis due to rhinovirus J20.7 Acute bronchitis due to echovirus J20.8 Acute bronchitis due to other specified agents J20.9 Acute bronchitis, unspecified J41.0 Chronic simple bronchitis

Epidemiology of bronchitis

Bronchitis continues to occupy one of the first places in the structure of bronchopulmonary diseases in pediatrics. It is known that children who often suffer from acute infectious respiratory diseases are at risk for the development of acute bronchitis, the formation of recurrent bronchitis, including obstructive forms, and chronic pulmonary pathology. The most common form of complications of SARS is bronchitis. especially in young children (the age peak of incidence is observed in children 1 year - 3 years). The incidence of acute bronchitis is 75-250 cases per 1000 children per year.

The incidence of bronchitis is seasonal: more often they get sick in the cold season. Obstructive forms of bronchitis are more often observed in spring and autumn, i.e. during periods of peak MS and parainfluenza infection. Mycoplasmal bronchitis - at the end of summer and autumn, adenovirus - every 3-5 years.

Causes of bronchitis in children

Acute bronchitis often develops against the background of SARS. Inflammation of the bronchial mucosa is observed more often with PC viral, parainfluenza. adenovirus, rhinovirus infection and influenza.

In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of bronchitis caused by atypical pathogens - mycoplasma (Mycoplasma pneumonia) and chlamydial (Chlamidia trachomatis, Chlamydia pneumonia) infections (7-30%).

What causes bronchitis in children?

Symptoms of bronchitis in children

Acute bronchitis (simple) develops in the first days of SARS (1-3 days of illness). The main general symptoms of a viral infection are characteristic (subfebrile temperature, moderate toxicosis, etc.), there are no clinical signs of obstruction. Features of the course of bronchitis depend on the etiology: in most respiratory viral infections, the condition returns to normal starting from 2 days, with adenovirus infection, high temperatures persist for up to 5-8 days.

Acute obstructive bronchitis is accompanied by a syndrome of bronchial obstruction, more often in young children on the 2-3rd day of SARS, with a second episode - from the first day of SARS and develops gradually. Acute obstructive bronchitis occurs against the background of PC viral and parainfluenza type 3 infections, in 20% of cases - with ARVI of another viral etiology. In older children, the obstructive nature of bronchitis is noted with mycoplasmal and chlamydial etiology.

Symptoms of bronchitis in children

Where does it hurt?

Chest pain

What worries?

Cough Wheezing in the lungs

Classification of bronchitis

The prevailing majority of children with bronchitis have an obstructive syndrome (50-80%), in connection with which the classification of bronchopulmonary diseases of children in 1995 included acute obstructive and recurrent obstructive bronchitis.

The following classification of bronchitis is distinguished:

• Acute bronchitis (simple): bronchitis that occurs without signs of bronchial obstruction.
• Acute obstructive bronchitis, bronchiolitis: acute bronchitis occurring with bronchial obstruction syndrome. For obstructive bronchitis, wheezing is characteristic, for bronchiolitis - respiratory failure and small bubbling wet rales in the lungs.
• Acute obliterating bronchiolitis: bronchitis with obliteration of bronchioles and alveoli, has a viral or immunopathological nature, severe course.
• Recurrent bronchitis: bronchitis without obstruction, episodes occurring for 2 weeks or more with a frequency of 2-3 times a year for 1-2 years against the background of SARS.
• Recurrent obstructive bronchitis: obstructive bronchitis with recurring episodes of bronchial obstruction against the background of SARS in young children. Attacks are not paroxysmal in nature and are not associated with exposure to non-infectious allergens.
• Chronic bronchitis: chronic inflammation of the bronchi, occurring with repeated exacerbations.

Diagnosis of bronchitis in children

The diagnosis of bronchitis is established on the basis of its clinical picture (for example, the presence of an obstructive syndrome) and in the absence of signs of damage to the lung tissue (no infiltrative or focal shadows on the radiograph). Often bronchitis is combined with pneumonia, in which case it is diagnosed with a significant addition to the clinical picture of the disease. Unlike pneumonia, bronchitis in ARVI is always diffuse in nature and usually evenly affects the bronchi of both lungs. With the predominance of local bronchitis changes in any part of the lung, the appropriate definitions are used: basal bronchitis, unilateral bronchitis, bronchitis of the afferent bronchus, etc.

Diagnosis of bronchitis in children

What needs to be examined?

Bronchi

How to investigate?

Bronchoscopy X-ray of the lungs Examination of the bronchi and trachea

What tests are needed?

Sputum analysis Complete blood count Urinalysis

Who to contact?

Pulmonologist Pediatrician

Treatment of bronchitis in children

The proposed protocols for the treatment of acute bronchitis include the necessary and sufficient prescriptions.

Simple acute viral bronchitis: home treatment.

Plentiful warm drink (100 ml / kg per day), chest massage, with a wet cough - drainage.

Antibacterial therapy is indicated only if the elevated temperature persists for more than 3 days (amoxicillin, macrolides, etc.).

Treatment of bronchitis in children

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Allergic tracheobronchitis

Allergic tracheobronchitis is an inflammatory change that occurs in the tracheobronchial tree. In this case, increased sensitivity is observed. This pathology is capable of arising due to infections in the body, in particular laryngitis, chronic tracheitis. Inflammation occurs due to bacteria such as staphylococci and pneumococci. Chemical factors, allergens and low immunity play a significant role in this.

ICD-10 code

ICD code 10 is a characteristic of the disease, according to the international classification of diseases. Number 10 hides the ailments of the respiratory system. In total there are several main indicators from J00 to J99.

If the lesion includes more than one anatomical region, then it is classified directly by this condition. That is, tracheobronchitis refers to bronchitis, but under the heading J40. The exceptions are the conditions caused in the perinatal period. So, the classification of the disease is divided into several main blocks.

J00-J06: Indicates the presence of acute respiratory inflammation originating directly in the airways. J10-J18: pneumonia and influenza. J20-J22: Other cold infections originating in the lower respiratory tract. J30-J39: Diseases of the upper respiratory tract. J40-J47: Chronic diseases affecting the upper respiratory tract. J60-J70: lung diseases caused by external agents. J80-J84: respiratory diseases, the main lesion is the interstitial tissue. J85-J86: Lesions affecting the lower respiratory system. J90-J94: Inflammation of the pleura. J95-J99: Other respiratory ailments.

Causes of allergic tracheobronchitis

The causes of allergic tracheobronchitis can be hidden in many factors, and the nature of their development is many-sided. Some people simply suffer from sneezing and a runny nose during the flowering period of plants. Other patients suffer from increased tearing of the eyes. Often there is a skin rash. The nature of the development of this phenomenon may be hidden in the use of certain foods or the use of special cosmetics.

Some people constantly suffer from severe bouts of coughing, and this is not accompanied by any ailment. Based on this, it should be noted that the main cause of the development of the disease is the presence of an allergen. It is he who settles on the mucous membrane of the bronchi and thereby causes a number of unpleasant symptoms.

The most common allergens include plant pollen, animal dander, bird feathers, and even detergent. What is most interesting, ordinary dust in the apartment can provoke allergic reactions. Therefore, the issue of constant wet cleaning is relevant.

After some research, it was revealed that allergic tracheobronchitis can develop while taking any drug. In any case, the appearance of a problem should not be compared with the presence of a cold. It is likely that this is a chronic form of bronchitis, but this conclusion was made solely on the basis of similar symptoms.

Pathogenesis

The pathogenesis of allergic tracheobronchitis is truly complex, because the place of localization of the main conflict is in the large and medium bronchi. With an allergic manifestation of the disease, the small bronchi remain completely intact. This process fully explains the absence of asthma attacks.

In the presence of an ailment, the mucous membrane has a pale shade. It is quite inflamed, characterized by narrowing of the lumen of the segmental bronchi. If bacteria play a dominant role in this process, then a purulent secret is observed. In children, the situation is somewhat different, edema and hypersecretion prevail here. This factor greatly complicates differential diagnosis.

The disease can develop in children of any age category. Moreover, relapses are not excluded, the frequency of which reaches 1-2 times per month. Symptoms appear at normal temperatures, prolonged relapse depends on the immunity of the child. The cough is dry, even negative emotions or increased physical activity can cause it. Changes in the lungs are diffuse. The main feature is the constant change of physical data. And this can happen several times during the day. Wheezing can disappear, but after a while it will reappear. The chest is not enlarged.

If we consider the issue from the side of the child's body, then the disease negatively affects the nervous system. Babies become irritable, sweat a lot, get tired quickly. When determining the disease, a significant increase in the transparency of the lung tissue is visible on the x-ray.

Allergic tracheitis mainly torments preschool children. It provokes an immune conflict. During the process, biological substances are actively released. Repeated bouts of coughing are normal. It torments at night, often accompanied by pain. Reddening of the face and bouts of vomiting are not ruled out. Often parents confuse this condition with the development of whooping cough. The disease is characterized by a long course.

Symptoms of allergic tracheobronchitis

Symptoms of allergic tracheobronchitis are comparable to a normal allergic reaction. So, a person is constantly plagued by a cough, but what is most unpleasant is the peak of his “activity” at night. Temperature increase is not observed, but if it is, then it is insignificant. In general, a person feels bad, he has a painful condition. Moreover, it can worsen with the slightest contact with the allergen.

The first signs are characterized by the presence of a dry cough. It gets wet over time. A person may be short of breath, breathing is difficult. When examining the patient, wheezing is clearly audible. There is a pronounced inflammatory process. It is characterized by swelling of the mucous membrane. There are no asthma attacks.

Against the background of an infection in the body, discharge from the nose may appear. They are provoked by the presence of an allergen. It is not excluded inflammation of the trachea. The condition worsens significantly with exacerbation. The patient complains of weakness, he is often perspiring.

Children suffer from the disease also often. The symptoms are similar and no different from the manifestations in adults. The only thing is that the disease can affect the nervous system. This leads to increased irritability and moodiness.

First signs

The first signs of allergic tracheobronchitis are the appearance of a cough. He pesters a person throughout the day, but increased "activity" is observed at night. There may be complaints of mild malaise. During coughing, pain in the diaphragm is manifested.

The temperature does not bother a person at all. It can show up, but it's extremely rare. Its increase is insignificant, as a rule, not exceeding 38 degrees. A person is not able to take a deep breath and exhale completely. Breathing is difficult, shortness of breath. Due to the inability to breathe normally, the lips may take on a bluish tint. Excessive sweating is not ruled out.

All these signs manifest themselves at first and do not change over time. Exacerbation occurs with direct contact with the allergen. If symptoms appear, you should go to the hospital. If the voice has become hoarse, inflammation of the larynx may develop. In the absence of normal treatment, complications will not keep you waiting.

Allergic tracheobronchitis in a child

Allergic tracheobronchitis in a child is a completely developed disease. It affects children of school and preschool age. Bacteria can cause problems. An allergy is a complete inconsistency of the body with the fact that foreign microorganisms of an adverse effect have entered it. The problem can arise against the background of taking medications and contacting with industrial gases.

This ailment manifests itself in children as complications after a cold. It occurs due to poor-quality treatment or its complete disregard. The course of the disease is comparable to laryngitis. The immune system of the baby is not so strong, so any load can provoke the development of the disease. Improper nutrition can contribute to everything. For the current generation, this is quite a “normal” unfavorable factor.

Identifying the presence of an allergic disease is not always easy. The main symptoms are runny nose, cough and sneezing. Often parents confuse this manifestation with the common cold and initially start the wrong treatment. Recognizing the disease at an early stage is difficult. Therefore, there is a possibility of misdiagnosis.

The main symptomatology in children is a strong cough, characteristic of the night, malaise, rashes, sweating, pain in the chest and blue lips. During the period of exacerbation, the cough is most ferocious. Elimination of the disease is possible after making the correct diagnosis.

What worries?

Cough

Consequences and complications

The consequences of allergic tracheobronchitis can be severe. In the absence of high-quality treatment, the development of serious diseases is not ruled out. Usually, the problems of the respiratory tract flow into a more complicated form. Ordinary allergies flow into bronchitis or pneumonia. These diseases are dangerous for their complications. Especially pneumonia.

The existing process may be aggravated by the involvement of infection. This condition is characterized by an increase in temperature, and this happens quickly. Hard breathing is observed in the lungs, wheezing is pronounced. The person complains of general malaise. Symptoms of aggravation of intoxication are not excluded. In the lungs there is a local dullness of sound.

Constant problems with the respiratory system can lead to neoplasms, and of any nature. If the allergen acts on a person for a long time, then tracheitis can flow into allergic bronchitis. Difficulty breathing and asthma attacks are its main symptoms.

Complications of allergic tracheobronchitis represent a particular risk. Against the background of the presence of an untreated disease, the development of pneumonia is possible. Moreover, the nature of pneumonia depends on the patient's immune system. The problem is often accompanied by bronchitis.

A disease that is not eliminated in time with the involvement of an infection is fraught with pronounced symptoms. A person is tormented by an elevated temperature, and its jump can be sharp. The cough becomes intensified, breathing is difficult, but shortness of breath is not observed yet. If we are talking about pneumonia, then the condition of the person as a whole worsens. Actively manifest themselves as a symptom of general intoxication.

The constant presence of infection and changes in the mucosa of the trachea can provoke a neoplasm. Moreover, its nature can be both benign and malignant. If allergens actively affect the body, bronchial asthma occurs. It is difficult for a person to breathe, shortness of breath bothers him.

Diagnosis of allergic tracheobronchitis

Diagnosis of allergic tracheobronchitis includes a whole range of research measures. First of all, the doctor listens to the patient and gets acquainted with the symptoms. After that, a general blood test is prescribed. According to it, it is necessary to identify eosinophilia, elevated ESR and moderate leukocytosis. Then proceeds to the study of secreted sputum. Its character is determined, usually it is vitreous. Diagnosed by the presence of eosinophils.

Listening plays an important role. Thanks to him, the lungs are auscultated and the presence / absence of wheezing is diagnosed. They can be varied. True, it is difficult to determine the presence of tracheobronchitis from one such study.

X-ray examinations of the lungs are an integral part of the diagnosis. Thanks to them, it is possible to exclude / confirm the presence of an inflammatory process in the lungs. Laryngoscopy is also performed. It is often necessary to visit a pulmonologist and an allergist.

Analyzes

Tests for allergic tracheobronchitis are mandatory. Thanks to them, you can notice changes in the human body. Basically, a general blood test is given. It allows you to determine the presence of eosinophilia. According to the data obtained, it is possible to diagnose an increased ESR.

A blood test allows you to determine leukocytosis of any degree. Normally, it should be moderate. The attending physician prescribes blood donation. This is a mandatory procedure. It is not so easy to determine the presence of a problem by the main symptoms and an x-ray examination. Other confirmations are needed. Therefore, a person takes a blood test. Based on the data received, it is possible to track the main indicators and find out what state they are in. Without these data, a correct diagnosis is not possible. As a rule, blood is donated directly at the clinic, and the results are known within a day. This is a necessary measure for compiling a complete clinical picture.

Instrumental diagnostics

Instrumental diagnosis of allergic tracheobronchitis includes a number of procedures, without which the correct diagnosis is impossible. First of all, a person is sent for an x-ray of the lungs. This procedure allows you to see deviations in them, inflammatory processes and any other modifications.

Instrumental diagnostics includes laryngotracheoscopy. This technique is based on a complete examination of the respiratory tract, using a special laryngoscope device. Not the last role in the study is pharyngoscopy. This procedure involves examining the pharynx and pharynx with a special mirror.

In many cases, a simple throat examination is sufficient. In addition, a sample is taken for an allergic reaction and auscultation is performed. Tests reveal exactly how the allergen causes the reaction. This will protect the patient from direct contact with him. For all the above procedures, a diagnosis is made.

Differential Dianostics

Differential diagnosis of allergic tracheobronchitis also includes a number of special procedures. Initially, a person must pass a clinical blood test. Thanks to him, eosinophilia is determined. The rate of cell production is examined and how the confrontation is carried out when foreign microorganisms enter the body.

In addition to a blood test, a bacteriological culture of sputum is performed. This procedure allows you to exclude the infectious nature of the development of the disease. As you know, both bacteria and infections can provoke inflammation.

An important procedure is the delivery of an allergic test. It allows you to determine individual sensitivity to major allergens. Based on the data obtained, a diagnosis is made. But, its correct setting is impossible without complex data of the patient's instrumental examination. Therefore, it is not worth dividing the main diagnostic methods among themselves, they “work” exclusively in the aggregate.

What needs to be examined?

Bronchi Trachea

How to investigate?

Computed tomography of the chest X-ray of the lungs Examination of the respiratory organs (lungs)

What tests are needed?

Sputum analysis

Who to contact?

Pulmonologist

Treatment of allergic tracheobronchitis

Treatment of allergic tracheobronchitis is agreed with the attending physician. When the maximum tolerated dose of the main allergen has been reached, treatment is continued with a maintenance dose.

The elimination of the disease in children is carried out with the help of specific hyposensitization. This technique gives a positive result. The existing pathological process is not able to go into bronchial asthma. Therefore, the procedure completely eliminates the possibility of serious complications.

Nonspecific therapy includes a number of basic drugs. Histoglobulin, Sodium Nucleinate, Pentoxyl are widely used. Antihistamines have an anti-allergic effect. These include Pipolfen, Diphenhydramine, Tavegil. Regarding these drugs, a detailed description will be presented below.

Physiotherapy plays an important role. Often used ultraviolet rays. It is recommended to resort to therapeutic exercises and general massage. Elimination of the disease in adults is impossible without a complete cessation of smoking. In some cases, a change of job and even a place of residence is required.

Drug treatment

Medications for allergic tracheobronchitis are prescribed by the attending physician, based on the general condition of the patient. First of all, it is necessary to completely eliminate the likelihood of an allergen entering the human body. Medications should completely suppress the allergic reaction, as well as relieve the main symptoms.

Reduce allergies will allow drugs such as Taveig, Suprastin and Diazolin. It is often recommended to use Suprastin directly. It can be both tablets and injection solution. The drug is prescribed for children and adults. It is recommended to use one tablet 3 times a day. If the administration of the drug is intramuscular, then 1-2 ml is enough. Children under the age of 14 should take half a tablet, also 3 times a day. The drug has severe side effects. They consist in general weakness and dizziness. The main contraindications include a possible stomach ulcer, prostate adenoma.

Tavegil is widely used in any form. It is often not necessary to take it, because the positive effect lasts for 7 hours. One tablet twice a day is enough. Children under one year old are not recommended to take it. This ban applies to pregnant girls and nursing mothers. Side effects include increased fatigue, headache, tinnitus. Disorders from the gastrointestinal tract are possible. It is impossible to take the remedy for people with hypersensitivity to its main components.

To eliminate the cough, the specialist will definitely prescribe special medications. Bronholitin and Pertusin are often recommended. These are syrups, which you need to take 2 times a day for a tablespoon. You can resort to the use of tablets. The most recommended are Mukaltin and Bromhexine. You need to take them 1-2 tablets 3 times a day.

The frequency of coughing fits will be significantly reduced by Volmax. It will restore the patency of the bronchi and alleviate the condition of the person. it should be taken at 8 mg no more than 2 times a day. 4 mg is enough for a child. Like any other medication, this one has side effects. They manifest themselves in the form of headaches, hand tremors and tachycardia. There are contraindications: pregnancy, lactation and sensitivity to the components of the drug.

If the above medications do not have the desired effect, glucocorticoids come to their aid. These include Flunisolide, Cutiveit, Fluticasone. These drugs have anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects. Even small children can take them. The dosage is assigned individually.

Singlon for allergic tracheobronchitis

Singlon is widely used in allergic tracheobronchitis. It can be used by both adults and children. The medication is prescribed 1 tablet in the evening. This dosage is relevant only for children under 5 years of age. From 6 to 14 years old, prescribes 5 mg of medication, also in the evening. The remedy should be consumed one hour before a meal or 2 hours after a meal. Dose adjustment is not required.

The effect of taking the drug is observed in the first day. Despite this, the use of the drug should continue, even during a period of significant improvement. The dose is adjusted for people with kidney failure.

The drug does not exclude the possibility of an overdose. It is characterized by the appearance of disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and nervous system. Often there is a headache, abdominal pain and thirst. Overdose occurs only with an unplanned dose increase. Side effects from the digestive tract are not excluded. May increase allergic reactions. It is not worth taking the remedy with increased hypersensitivity, pregnancy and during breastfeeding.

Alternative treatment

Alternative treatment of allergic tracheobronchitis is not excluded, but is carried out exclusively with the permission of a doctor. There are a couple of basic recipes that show the most pronounced effectiveness.

• Recipe 1. You need to take 30 grams of marshmallow roots. The ingredient is poured with cold water, in a small amount. It is enough that the roots are completely immersed in the liquid. All this is left alone for a day. During this period, the roots will be able to secrete a special mucus, it is she who is mixed with 100 ml of vodka. The resulting remedy is again infused throughout the day. You need to take it in a small dosage, until the cough is completely eliminated.
• Recipe 2. A liter jar of hay dust is taken and poured into a saucepan. The ingredient is poured with water in such an amount that the raw material is completely covered. The pot is put on fire and boiled for 15 minutes. Then the product is removed from the heat and infused for 45 minutes. The resulting decoction is used for bathing. You need to take it in a day, and stay in it for at least 15 minutes. In total, you should take a course of ten baths. On the days of the so-called break, you can use an infusion of violets. For this, the main ingredient is taken, poured with a glass of boiling water. All this is languishing in a water bath and infused. You need to take the remedy 3 times a day for half a glass, but before that, strain.

Herbal treatment

Herbal treatment of allergic tracheobronchitis is possible only in combination with other methods and after the approval of the attending physician. With moistened unpleasant cough, it is recommended to use dried herbs. So, sage, alder and oak bark will do. It is recommended to take the funds in the form of tinctures. To speed up the healing process, you should pay attention to expectorant herbs. It can be European hoof, sweet clover and hyssop. Decoctions are prepared with extreme care.

Thyme and wild rosemary have good antibacterial properties. Basil and eucalyptus have a similar effect. Calendula will also work. If the disease is fungal in nature, then it is worth taking yarrow.

A universal recipe that helps speed up the healing process. For cooking, black elderberry flowers are taken, 5 tablespoons are enough. 3 tablespoons of sundew herb and 4 tablespoons of large plantain are added to this ingredient. It is necessary to take 2 tablespoons of the resulting collection and pour 600 ml of boiling water. Soar the product all night, and in the morning put it in a water bath, for 15 minutes. After that, everything is filtered, squeezed and taken in half a glass 4-5 times a day.

Homeopathy

Homeopathy for allergic tracheobronchitis is not so widespread. But, nevertheless, the use of this method is effective. Complex drugs that are often used: Aconitum, Apis, Arnica, Belladonna. But this is not all medicines. For understanding, it is worth a little characterization of these excerpts.

• Aconitum. It is used in acute inflammatory processes. It perfectly eliminates the first symptoms of the disease and contributes to the rapid relief of a person's condition.
• Apis. Eliminates inflammatory processes that are accompanied by severe swelling. Widely applicable for bronchitis, tracheobronchitis.
• Arnica. Eliminates bleeding of any origin. Fights influenza, acute tonsillitis. Provides fast relief.
• Belladonna. The main purpose is the fight against inflammatory processes that have arisen in the upper respiratory tract. The dosage is prescribed by the doctor. These are homeopathic medicines, you can't use them just like that.

Surgical treatment

Surgical treatment of allergic tracheobronchitis is not particularly used. Usually the problem is solved by medication. It is enough to correctly diagnose the disease and begin its treatment. To do this, when the first symptoms appear, you should immediately go to the hospital. The suppression of signs at the initial stage does not entail any complications.

Usually, a complex treatment of the disease is used. Medication alone is not always enough. They also resort to therapeutic exercises. Surgery is not used just because it is not necessary. Puffiness, therefore, will obviously not be removed.

As a rule, the problem arises due to the negative impact on the body of an allergen. If you eliminate it, protect a person from contact with it, then the condition will improve by itself. Naturally, it will be difficult to achieve complete stabilization of the condition without medication. More detailed information can be provided by the attending physician.

Prevention of allergic tracheobronchitis

Prevention of allergic tracheobronchitis is to eliminate the main irritants. If a person has pathologies of the respiratory system, they must be eliminated. In order to exclude contact with the main allergens, it is worth adhering to the basic rules. In an apartment or house, it is necessary to do wet cleaning. It is produced at least 2 times a week. Bed linen should be changed every week.

In the room in which a person suffering from allergic tracheobronchitis lives, carpets and upholstered furniture should be removed. Simply put, get rid of items that accumulate dust the most. Eliminate plants. In the nursery, soft toys are completely removed. Pets should not be allowed into the room, because they can cause an allergic reaction. Food products that adversely affect the patient's body are completely excluded.

The main method of prevention is the timely elimination of problems with the organs of the respiratory system. It is important to observe normal living conditions, constantly clean, eliminate allergens. Most importantly, early diagnosis of the problem can save a lot of things in the future.

Forecast of allergic tracheobronchitis

The prognosis of allergic tracheobronchitis is usually favorable, but it all depends on the condition of the person himself and the causes of the problem. So, if an allergy arose against the background of a previous disease, then it is worth looking at the root of the problem. This means that the previous ailment was not qualitatively eliminated. In this case, you should continue to fight the problem and protect the person from serious complications. All this entails an exceptionally favorable course.

If the problem was not identified immediately and gained momentum, then the prognosis may not be encouraging. The fact is that allergic tracheobronchitis can occur against the background of a serious complication. Yes, and he himself can provoke the development of asthma and pneumonia. Therefore, the prognosis depends solely on the condition of the person.

Only the attending physician can accurately answer this question, based on the condition of his patient. No one can say for certain what will happen next. Therefore, it is not worth delaying treatment, then any prognosis will be extremely favorable.

Tracheobronchitis

The inflammatory process that occurs in the bronchioles, bronchi and trachea is tracheobronchitis. Consider the symptoms of the disease, methods of diagnosis, treatment and prognosis for recovery.

This disease is characterized by damage to the mucous membrane of the respiratory system and rapid spread. To date, there are several types of it, but the most common are acute, chronic and allergic. Each type is an independent disease that requires proper diagnosis and therapy.

Inflammation affects the upper respiratory tract, spreading below, covering the bronchi. Often occurs as a result of bronchitis and other lesions of the respiratory system, subject to their incorrect or untimely treatment.

ICD-10 code

The ICD 10 code indicates in which category of the international classification of diseases this or that pathology is located.

Tracheobronchitis is classified in class X. Diseases of the respiratory system (J00-J99):

• J00-J06 - Acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract.
• J10-J18 - Influenza and pneumonia.
• J20-J22 - Other acute respiratory infections of the lower respiratory tract.
• J30-J39 - Other diseases of the upper respiratory tract.

J40-J47 - Chronic diseases of the lower respiratory tract.

• (J40) Bronchitis, not specified as acute or chronic
• (J41) Simple and mucopurulent chronic bronchitis
  • (J41.0) Chronic simple bronchitis
  • (J41.1) Mucopurulent chronic bronchitis
  • (J41.8) Mixed, simple and mucopurulent chronic bronchitis
• (J42) Nonspecific chronic bronchitis
  • Chronic tracheitis
  • Chronic tracheobronchitis
• J60-J70 - Diseases of the lung caused by external agents.
• J80-J84 - Other respiratory diseases primarily affecting the interstitial tissue.
• J85-J86 - Purulent and necrotic conditions of the lower respiratory tract.
• J90-J94 - Other diseases of the pleura.
• J95-J99 - Other diseases of the respiratory system

ICD-10 code J04.1 Acute tracheitis J20 Acute bronchitis

Causes of tracheobronchitis

The main etiological factor in the development of inflammation is the activation of the viral or bacterial flora. As a rule, this occurs due to a violation of the normal state of the protective functions of the body and the mucous membrane under the influence of provoking factors.

The most common causes of the disease:

• Hypothermia.
• Smoking and drinking alcohol.
• Drinking cold drinks and large amounts of cold food.
• Injury to the mucous membrane of the trachea.
• Chronic infectious diseases (sinusitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis).

In most cases, the disease appears due to the interaction of two factors, for example, hypothermia due to alcohol intoxication. Smokers are a separate category. The mucous membrane becomes inflamed due to constant injury from smoke and harmful substances emitted by a cigarette. This type of disease requires a long and complex treatment, often recurs.

There is a risk group that includes people who suffer from frequent mood swings, stress, do not follow the diet and rest. In this case, even a slight weakening of the immune system allows the virus to enter the body and spread in the mucous tissues of the respiratory tract.

To protect yourself from damage to the respiratory tract, it is necessary to avoid overwork and hypothermia, especially in the winter-spring period, when the body is most weakened. In addition, it is better to give up bad habits, that is, smoking and drinking alcohol. Acute respiratory viral infections, pneumonia, whooping cough, typhoid and other diseases provoke secondary, but more serious damage to the respiratory system.

Is tracheobronchitis contagious?

Many patients suffering from inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract are interested in the same question: how infected are they. So, regardless of the form of the disease, the infection is transmitted by airborne droplets or respiratory. The duration of the incubation period is 2-30 days, depending on the type of pathogen. But most often, symptoms begin to appear in the first three days after infection.

In some cases, malaise is a complication of influenza or acute respiratory viral infections, but it can occur on its own. The patient complains of slight ailments, a dry cough appears, after which there are painful sensations in the diaphragm and abdominal muscles. The state of health worsens, the body temperature rises, shortness of breath, difficulty exhaling is possible. In addition, anxiety, sweating, and frequent breathing appear. These signs indicate that the pathology is progressing, and the patient can infect others.

Symptoms of tracheobronchitis

The main symptoms are perspiration, dry hacking cough and rawness in the lower part of the throat and chest. The disease is characterized by the following manifestations:

• slight malaise
• Dry cough
• Pain after coughing in the diaphragm
• excessive sweating
• Rapid breathing
• Elevated temperature up to 38°C
• Inability to take a deep breath and exhale fully
• shortness of breath
• Bluish lip color
• Hoarse voice (indicates the development of laryngitis)

Complement the picture of symptoms of pain between the ribs and in the anterior abdominal wall, fever. After a while, shortness of breath and sputum production appear, which indicate that the pathology has taken on a chronic form, and the patient's condition worsens. It is also possible to develop angina pectoris due to poor blood circulation. Please note that ignoring the symptoms leads to the fact that the disease is transformed into a more dangerous form - pneumonia, that is, pneumonia.

Temperature with tracheobronchitis

An increase in temperature in inflammatory lesions of the mucous membrane of the bronchi, trachea and bronchioles is a concomitant phenomenon. In addition to coughing, the disease is accompanied by fever, if it is absent, then this may indicate bronchial asthma or other more serious pathologies. Cough without fever occurs in patients with lung pathologies, for example, congenital malformations or bronchiectasis.

An elevated temperature is a protective reaction of the immune system, that is, in this way the body tries to contain the further spread of the infection. Due to a viral or infectious infection, the body begins to produce interleukin, which enters one of the parts of the brain. The hypothalamus is responsible for these processes, which stops heat transfer due to the production of additional energy. This protective function inhibits the reproduction and development of infection.

In addition to fever, patients complain of severe headaches and general malaise, body aches, and a hoarse voice. As a rule, the temperature lasts the first 2-4 days of illness. If adequate therapy was provided, then the patient's condition improves. If this does not happen, then the patient is prescribed antibiotics, potions and other drugs. Sometimes the fever persists even after suffering inflammation of the bronchi and trachea, in this case it is just a side effect of the disease, which will pass after the body is restored.

Cough with tracheobronchitis

Cough is one of the main symptoms of tracheobronchitis. In a healthy body, the glands located in the bronchi produce a small amount of mucus, which is independently removed from the body. But due to the inflammatory process, the mucous membrane dries up, resulting in coughing, chest pain and increased mucus production. It can be paroxysmal and become more frequent in acute and chronic forms of the disease. Very often, the main diagnosis and treatment plan depend on its type.

It may be accompanied by sputum production. In the early stages of the disease, the cough is quite painful and loud. But over time, it becomes dry, turns into a wet form and is characterized by increased sputum. The duration depends on the stage of the disease and associated symptoms. If it has become strong and causes sharp pain, then this indicates a complex lesion of the respiratory system, which requires urgent medical attention.

Acute tracheobronchitis

Diffuse inflammation of the upper respiratory tract or acute tracheobronchitis is a viral disease. Its main cause is infection with bacteria (streptococci, staphylococci, pneumococci). There are many reasons that provoke malaise: smoking, neglected colds, exposure to external stimuli. The disease is characterized by seasonal exacerbations and, without proper treatment, becomes chronic.

Chronic tracheobronchitis

Most often, people who work in conditions of increased dustiness (miners) or have bad habits (smoking, alcoholism) suffer from chronic tracheobronchitis. The chronic form is characterized by paroxysmal dry cough with little sputum. The disease causes concomitant pathologies (sinusitis, rhinitis, sinusitis) and can last more than three months.

Protracted tracheobronchitis

A prolonged form of inflammation of the upper respiratory tract occurs due to improper or untimely treatment. In this case, therapy is a long process and a long recovery period, since the body has been exposed to microbial attack, and gas exchange is disturbed in the lungs. The patient suffers from fever and severe cough, which occurs both day and night.

Treatment involves drug therapy and strengthening the immune system. Patients are prescribed antibiotics and drugs to increase immune forces. Particular attention should be paid to the methods of alternative medicine. Patients are advised to consume more citrus fruits, freshly squeezed juices and fruits, as they increase the body's resistance to disease. Black radish juice helps to get rid of the disease in a short time, preventing the transformation of inflammation into chronic.

Allergic tracheobronchitis

Allergic tracheobronchitis is characterized by an acute inflammatory lesion of the respiratory tract. The main causative agents of infection are pneumococci, staphylococci, streptococci and other microorganisms. During the period of illness, there is a general deterioration in the patient's condition, lethargy, loss of appetite, fever. A feature of allergic inflammation is pain and burning behind the sternum, a strong dry cough, which is accompanied by the release of mucous sputum.

Infectious tracheobronchitis

For the infectious form of lesions of the bronchi and trachea, an acute mixed infection is characteristic. Patients develop general weakness and malaise, fever, pain behind the sternum, dry cough, which eventually turns into a wet one. Breathing becomes hard, wheezing appears.

As a rule, this type of disease occurs most often in the winter. People prone to respiratory diseases and smokers suffer from relapses of the disease. A protracted course of the pathology can cause allergies, sinusitis and bronchiectasis. Diseases affect both adults and children. Without proper therapy, blockage of the small bronchi and the development of hypoxia due to impaired gas exchange in the bronchi and lungs is possible.

Purulent tracheobronchitis

The purulent type of inflammation of the upper respiratory tract occurs due to improper or insufficient treatment of the acute form. Most often, it appears due to the use of drugs to which the causative agents of the disease are not sensitive. Fluid gradually accumulates in the bronchi in the form of sputum and purulent discharge. About 250 ml of sputum can come out per day, which indicates the progression of the pathological process.

The main symptom of purulent inflammation is a strong cough, rapid breathing and shortness of breath. Previously transferred diseases that have taken a chronic form can provoke its development. In this case, a wet cough appears with the separation of purulent-mucous or thick purulent sputum. Subfebrile temperature persists for a long period of time, the patient complains of increased fatigue, general weakness and sweating.

Without proper treatment, pathological symptoms lead to obstruction, that is, a violation of the patency of the bronchi due to the accumulation of secretions. This pathology is considered the most severe, therefore, in most cases, treatment takes place in a hospital. If the disease takes a chronic form, it can worsen due to colds, allergic reactions, stress and overexertion.

For recovery, antibiotics are used that are sensitive to harmful microorganisms. To do this, a sputum smear is taken from the patient for planting on the flora. In order for sputum and purulent accumulations to depart faster, mucolytic agents and antihistamines are used. In addition to drug therapy, patients are prescribed inhalations, physiotherapy, therapeutic exercises and thermal procedures. Drinking plenty of fluids, a healthy diet and strengthening the immune system will speed up the healing process.

Obstructive tracheobronchitis

Non-allergic inflammation of the bronchi of the chronic form is a disease of the obstructive form. It is dangerous because due to the obstruction of the bronchi, their ventilation and gas exchange are disturbed. Most often, malaise occurs in long-term smokers, and passive smokers, that is, people who are in a smoky room, are at risk. Unfavorable environmental conditions, professional harmful conditions, bad habits and viral infections contribute to the development of the inflammatory process.

There are a number of internal factors that increase the risk of developing the disease, primarily a genetic predisposition. There is a theory that says that people with II blood group have a predisposition to this pathology. Premature infants, patients with congenital alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency and lack of Ig A, are also included in the group. As for the symptoms of the obstructive form, it is cough and shortness of breath, heavy, wheezing, fever.

• Diagnosis begins with an examination. Due to the prolonged inflammatory process, the chest becomes barrel-shaped, swelling of the supraclavicular spaces and swelling of the jugular veins is possible.
• If the disease is complicated by heart or respiratory failure, then there are edema on the lower extremities, cyanosis of the lips, fingertips, epigastric pulsation. In addition to respiratory disorders, the disease causes tachycardia, hypercapnia and high blood pressure.
• Instrumental research methods are obligatory. For this, pneumotachometry and peak flowmetry are used to assess bronchial patency. Electrocardiography and X-rays allow diagnosing pathologies of the lungs and heart. Possible complications in the form of secondary infection and chronic cor pulmonale.

As a therapy, patients are prescribed antibacterial and expectorant drugs. A prerequisite for recovery is the elimination of risk factors. Compliance with dietary nutrition and physiotherapy procedures will not be superfluous.

Recurrent tracheobronchitis

The occurrence of 2-5 episodes of respiratory lesions per year indicates a recurrent disease. As a rule, the disease lasts 2-3 weeks and is characterized by the reversibility of pathological changes in the bronchopulmonary system. Relapses are directly related to colds, inflammatory diseases, viral and bacterial lesions. Risk factors play a major role. These can be chronic infectious foci, for example, sinusitis, adenoiditis or rhinitis. The state of health is also negatively affected by environmental factors: smoking, including passive smoking, harmful working and living conditions.

The diagnosis is approached carefully, since the anamnesis is of great importance. The task of the doctor is to find out the factors that cause painful symptoms. The clinical picture of the inflammatory process depends entirely on its period, it can be an exacerbation, complete remission or reverse development. As a rule, relapses do not differ from the acute form and are characterized by a seasonal occurrence. Recovery is long and difficult.

Viral tracheobronchitis

Viral damage to the trachea, bronchi and bronchioles, that is, the upper respiratory tract, most often occurs due to a weakened immune system. The body can not cope with infectious pathogens, so there are characteristic signs of malaise. Impaired nasal breathing and nasopharyngeal infections are considered risk factors. The main symptoms are fever, general weakness, cough with sputum.

The viral variant of the disease can be transmitted through personal contact with the patient. For infection, it is enough that infected particles of mucus and saliva get into the air. Treatment begins with a complete diagnosis of the patient's body. Antibiotic agents are not used for therapy, since this type of drug is not effective. The patient is prescribed expectorant syrups, rubbing and other thermal procedures.

It will not be superfluous to observe the rules of hygiene: airing the patient's room, frequent wet cleaning with disinfectants. To prevent relapses, it is recommended to strengthen the immune system. Patients are prescribed vitamins, preventive exercises, giving up bad habits and a balanced diet.

Catarrhal tracheobronchitis

The catarrhal form of tracheobronchitis does not extend to the lungs, but is characterized by copious mucus and no obstruction. It can take an acute and chronic form. Most often, smokers and people working in conditions of increased dust and gas pollution suffer from it. The main cause of the disease is untimely or inadequate treatment of the common cold. Acute respiratory disease causes inflammation of the bronchi, which can become chronic. Non-compliance with oral hygiene, hypothermia, smoking, alcoholism are some of the causes of malaise.

The main symptom is cough and fever. In addition, drowsiness, general malaise, headaches, palpitations are possible. A few days later, sputum and a runny nose appear. If you ignore the above signs for 2-3 weeks, then the disease takes on a chronic form, the treatment of which is very complex and lengthy. Without proper therapy, the disease can lead to bronchial asthma, pneumosclerosis or emphysema.

Tracheobronchitis in children

Tracheobronchitis in children is most often a complication after SARS. The main causes of illness in childhood are a weakened immune system, malnutrition, congestion in the pulmonary system, and complications after infectious diseases. Symptoms are similar to viral infections and laryngitis, so careful diagnosis is required.

The child complains of a dry strong cough, up to vomiting, laryngitis, fever, hoarse voice, chest pain. When these symptoms appear, urgent medical attention is needed. Focusing on the characteristics of the child's body and the severity of the disease, the doctor selects the treatment. To speed up recovery, I prescribe rubbing of the interscapular space and sternum with irritating ointments. Inhalations, therapeutic exercises, thermal procedures (mustard plasters) and physiotherapy will not be superfluous.

Tracheobronchitis during pregnancy

The main causative agent of inflammatory disease during pregnancy is bacteria and viruses. The allergic form is extremely rare. Due to contact with the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract, pathogens actively multiply, causing impaired blood circulation and swelling. Gradually, the inflammation spreads to the bronchi, due to which an intensive sputum secretion begins, that is, bronchial mucus.

Symptoms of the disease in pregnant women are similar to those of SARS. The woman complains of cough, fever, general weakness. With progression, the cough becomes dangerous, as it is accompanied by tension in the abdominal muscles. By the nature of the secreted sputum, you can determine the type and severity of the ailment. In some cases, bronchospasm is added to the above symptoms, that is, difficulty in exhaling and a strong convulsive cough.

The acute course of the disease lasts from 7 to 32 days. If a woman had chronic inflammation before pregnancy, then during the gestation period it can worsen. Violation of respiratory functions and oxygen starvation are dangerous for the unborn child, as they can lead to hypoxia, uterine hypertonicity, uterine bleeding, premature birth or miscarriage. The treatment plan is drawn up after consultation and diagnosis by a doctor. If the disease is acute, then treatment can be carried out in a hospital.

• Good rest, sleep and walks in the fresh air - this will prevent intoxication and accelerate the release of mucus accumulated in the bronchi.
• Plentiful drink - the liquid accelerates the excretion of mucus. You can use not only warm water, but also teas, herbal infusions, compotes and natural juices. Avoid caffeinated drinks.
• Air humidification - in order for the bronchial mucosa not to dry out, it is recommended to humidify the air. For these purposes, a special humidifier is suitable, which will prevent the reproduction of microbes.
• Healthier nutrition and strengthening of the immune system - this will make it easier to endure the unpleasant manifestations of the disease and speed up the healing process.

Residual effects of tracheobronchitis

Residual effects after suffering tracheal bronchitis indicate that the disease has become chronic. The bronchial system is deformed, breathing is disturbed, asthma attacks often occur. In addition, there is a slight increase in temperature, which lasts for a long period of time and sputum production. Patients feel general weakness, aches throughout the body and pain behind the sternum. This all happens against the background of a decrease in appetite and bouts of dry cough.

• Fever - to eliminate it, you can take Aspirin or Paracetamol. Such drugs as: Coldrex, Antigrippin and Fervex have analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.
• Cough - a strong cough causes pain behind the sternum. To eliminate it, it is recommended to take Tusuprex and Broncholitin. To accelerate the discharge of sputum, Ambroxol and Bromhexine are taken.
• Shortness of breath - to eliminate it, take bronchodilator medications, for example, Teopec tablets, inhalation aerosol Salbutomol or Berotek.
• Headaches - appear due to a runny nose and cough. Combined drugs are used for treatment. Folk remedies also have healing properties, for example, menthol oil and eucalyptus extract.

Complications

If the inflammation of the bronchi and trachea has a long course or is constantly progressing, then this indicates the development of complications. As a rule, this occurs due to the lack of suitable therapy. The most common complication is the transition of a simple disease to a chronic one. In some cases, the disease leads to the development of emphysema, acute respiratory failure, bronchopneumonia and inflammation of other systems and organs due to the ingress of infectious agents into them, which are carried through the bloodstream.

• Bronchopneumonia is a complication of acute inflammation. It develops due to the layering of a bacterial infection and due to a decrease in local immunity.
• Chronic form - occurs due to repeated acute inflammation (more than 3 times a year). With the elimination of provoking factors, it can completely disappear.
• Obstructive pulmonary disease - appears due to secondary infection and a long course of the disease. Obstructive changes indicate a pre-asthma condition and increase the risk of bronchial asthma. In addition, cardiopulmonary and respiratory failure occurs.

Diagnosis of tracheobronchitis

Diagnosis of an inflammatory disease of the trachea and bronchial tree is an important process, the effectiveness and results of which determine the treatment regimen and the prognosis for recovery.

Basic diagnostic methods:

• Examination of the patient, percussion and auscultation, that is, listening and percussion of the lungs.
• Radiography - allows you to identify pathological processes in the lungs and possible complications of the disease.
• Sputum analysis - sowing of bacterial flora is necessary to exclude severe and dangerous diseases of the respiratory system (cancer, bronchial asthma, tuberculosis).

According to the results of the diagnosis, the patient is selected antibiotics and drugs that are sensitive to the pathogenic microflora to remove sputum, reduce temperature and other painful symptoms.

Who to contact?

Pulmonologist

Treatment of tracheobronchitis

The treatment regimen depends entirely on the form of inflammation of the upper respiratory organs and the patient's condition.

• If the malaise is without complications, that is, mild, then adherence to the regimen and physiotherapy procedures (electrophoresis, inhalations) can improve the state of health. In this case, antipyretic and mucolytic agents are taken from the temperature and to secrete sputum. Antibiotics are prescribed only when other medicines are not effective against microorganisms that provoke inflammation. As a rule, patients are prescribed a seven-day course with a sulfanilamide drug.
• For the treatment of acute lesions of the respiratory system, it is extremely important to ventilate the room in which the patient is located. This will protect against overheating and speed up recovery. If the disease is accompanied by complications, then antibiotics are prescribed Penicillin, Oxacillin, Mecillin, as well as sprays for inhalation, which easily penetrate the bronchi and trachea, evenly distributed over the mucous membrane.
• If the disease proceeds without complications, then only sulfa drugs are prescribed. In case of circulatory and respiratory disorders, Strofantin, glucose solution and Cytiton are used intravenously. In the treatment of severe forms, oxygen therapy has proven itself, that is, the introduction of oxygen into the patient's body.
• If the inflammation is allergic, then the patient is prescribed expectorants and antihistamines, alkaline inhalations, physiotherapy and therapeutic exercises.

In all cases, the prognosis is favorable, but in the chronic form, complex therapy is used, the results of which determine the duration of the disease and the degree of possible damage to the whole organism.

Read more about the treatment of tracheobronchitis here.

Diet for tracheobronchitis

Dietary nutrition is important for any disease, including colds. A properly composed diet will make it easier to endure the symptoms of inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchi and trachea, to overcome pathogenic viruses and bacteria. Food should be balanced, rich in vitamins, minerals and proteins.

• You need to eat often, but in small portions, that is, adhere to a fractional regimen. A large amount of protein will prevent protein starvation, which occurs due to its loss during a strong cough and sputum. The thing is that protein is a material for building tissues, organs and cells, it is involved in muscle contractions and synthesizes peptide hormones, hemoglobin and enzymes.
• In addition to protein, fats and carbohydrates should be present in the diet. They can be obtained from cereals, bakery products, fruits and berries. Do not forget about complex carbohydrates that improve digestion and stabilize blood sugar levels.
• Dairy products enrich the body with lacto and bifidobacteria, stimulate the digestion process. These products reduce the harmful effects of antibiotics used in the treatment and prevent putrefactive processes in the intestines.
• To remove sputum, you need to drink more fluid. Herbal decoctions, infusions and teas are perfect. For example, hot tea made from sage, linden or elderberry has a diaphoretic effect. Milk whey or decoction with honey or anise is useful for dry cough. And onion juice accelerates expectoration.
• Freshly squeezed juices, especially a drink made from beets, carrots and apples, will give not only a boost of energy, but also a daily dose of vitamins necessary for restoring the body.

Prevention

Any preventive measures are always aimed at preventing recurrence of the disease. The most important rule is the timely treatment of any colds. If a dry cough appears, then it is worth drinking a course of antitussive medications that will stop the pathological process. At this time, you can moisten the inflamed tracheal mucosa with hot drinks and milk, honey, raspberries, or by inhalation.

• If you work outdoors or outdoors, you are at risk for developing inflammatory respiratory diseases. As a preventive measure, it is recommended to wear a special respirator mask that covers the nose and mouth.
• At the first symptoms of malaise, take inhalations. Physical exercises and sports help to strengthen the respiratory system, have a beneficial effect on the entire body. Sports activities contribute to the speedy discharge of sputum.
• Colds are forbidden to be carried on the legs. It is better to let the body recover and overcome the viral infection. To do this, you need to spend a couple of days at home, eat right and drink more fluids.
• Bad habits such as smoking are one of the factors that cause malaise. Passive smoking significantly increases the risk of developing the disease. Give up bad habits to maintain health.

Forecast

The prognosis depends entirely on the form and extent of the inflammatory process. As a rule, acute and allergic forms have a favorable prognosis. But the chronic variant requires an integrated approach. The result of treatment depends entirely on the duration of the disease and the degree of damage to internal organs.

The acute uncomplicated form lasts about 14 days. If there are complications or the disease has a protracted course, then the pathological process will stretch for a month or more. Chronic inflammation is also characterized by a special duration, which is characterized by periods of exacerbations and remissions.

Hospital for tracheobronchitis

Sick leave for diseases of the respiratory system is given for up to 10 days. This is the case if the disease is mild. If recovery does not occur within the allotted time and the patient needs additional days for treatment, then a hospital commission of the VKK is created and the sick leave is extended. But on average, patients get sick for 5-7 days.

Tracheobronchitis is a dangerous disease, improper or neglected treatment of which can lead to serious consequences. Timely diagnosis and compliance with preventive measures is the key to healthy breathing.

Acute tracheobronchitis

Acute tracheobronchitis is an inflammatory disease of the respiratory tract that affects the mucous membrane of the windpipe (trachea), as well as the bronchial epithelium.

This respiratory disease has an ICD 10 code - J06-J21.

ICD-10 code J00-J06 Acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract

Causes of acute tracheobronchitis

Experts associate the pathogenesis of the disease with the penetration into the respiratory tract of infection: adeno- or rhinovirus, influenza or parainfluenza viruses, coronavirus, respiratory syncytial virus, as well as bacteria: staphylococci, streptococci, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, coccobacteria Bordetella pertussis or Bordetella parapertussis.

First, a viral or microbial infection can affect the nasopharynx, and then go down: this path of spreading the pathology with the patient already having SARS, influenza, and whooping cough is noted as the leading cause of acute tracheobronchitis. Also, a causal relationship between the development of this disease and the general hypothermia of the body, exposure to the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract of tobacco smoke or their irritation with gaseous chemicals is not excluded.

With lymphocytic interstitial inflammation, the ciliated epithelium of the trachea and bronchi swells and thickens, and then loosens, after which its desquamation (desquamation) begins - due to damage to the basement membranes of ciliated epithelial cells.

Symptoms of acute tracheobronchitis

The first signs of acute tracheobronchitis are a convulsive cough, the attacks of which most often begin during inhalation. In many cases, attacks of uncontrollable coughing are tormented at night.

At first, the cough is dry, tearing the throat and causing pain in the larynx, hoarseness (or hoarseness) and pain after coughing in the retrosternal region. A few days later, a dry cough turns into a productive one with the release of a serous mucous secretion - sputum, which may contain impurities of pus or blood. When listening, breathing is hard, with a whistle on exhalation and wheezing.

It is also possible such symptoms of acute tracheobronchitis as rhinitis, sore throat and sore throat, subfebrile body temperature (in the first days of illness), shortness of breath, pain in the chest and in the diaphragm, general weakness.

One of the most worrisome aspects of this disease is the lengthy nature of the inflammatory process: according to statistics, the average duration of a cough in adults with this diagnosis is 18 days. Acute tracheobronchitis in young children has many identical symptoms, and in infants and toddlers up to 1.5-2.5 years old, the clinical picture is supplemented by: increased breathing and heart rate, vomiting during coughing attacks, an increase in chest volume, cyanosis of the lips and skin, swelling of soft tissues, increased arousal, seizures.

Complications of acute tracheobronchitis in elderly patients and in children under five years of age are expressed in the development of a chronic form of the disease, obstructive bronchitis, focal pneumonia, emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The consequences of the disease in young children can lead to chronic breathing problems (partial obstruction of the bronchi) and even stop breathing.

Acute tracheobronchitis during pregnancy

It should be borne in mind that acute tracheobronchitis during pregnancy can lead to the most negative consequences, especially in the last trimester. During a strong cough, the muscles of the peritoneum and the diaphragm tense, intense movements of the diaphragm push the uterus, bringing it into tone. After the 32nd week, it can cause preterm labor.

Treatment of cough in pregnant women is possible only with the safest means. These include alkaline drinking (milk with mineral water or soda), inhalations with pine buds, eucalyptus, baking soda and steam boiled potatoes with skins. From medicinal plants, pregnant women can use an infusion or decoction of marshmallow root and coltsfoot leaves (in the first three months, also an infusion of thyme). Neither oregano, nor sweet clover or elecampane, nor licorice, nor anise seeds can be used by pregnant women.

It is contraindicated to use antibiotics in the treatment of pregnant women, and if there is an emergency - a severe infectious lesion, then an experienced doctor should prescribe them, since these drugs cross the placenta, and the study of their impact on the unborn child is far from always carried out. Even for macrolides, which are considered to be the most harmless antibiotics, in many cases the instructions indicate that the drug should be used during pregnancy and lactation "only in the absence of an adequate alternative drug."

In almost the same ways as in pregnant women, acute tracheobronchitis is treated in a nursing mother.

Diagnosis of acute tracheobronchitis

Diagnosis is carried out with the help of auscultation - listening with a phonendoscope to the sounds present during breathing. And with the help of a laryngoscope, an examination of the respiratory throat is performed.

We also need tests for acute tracheobronchitis, in particular, a general clinical blood test. And to determine the type of infection and the possible detection of cocci, antigens, eosinophils, mycoplasmas in the serum, a biochemical study of the blood is carried out. For the same purpose, the composition of sputum is examined (bakposev for pathogenic microflora).

However, only a blood serum test for the level of procalcitonin can absolutely confirm the bacterial origin of the pathological conditions of the respiratory tract.

Hardware and instrumental diagnosis of the disease implies:

• X-ray of the chest organs, which allows to determine structural changes in tissues;
• X-ray of the bronchi with a contrast agent (bronchography);
• spirometry (determination of the functional load of the respiratory system);
• Ultrasound of the trachea, bronchi and lungs.

Since the list of pathologies of the respiratory organs with similar symptoms is very extensive, differential diagnosis of acute tracheobronchitis is necessary - to distinguish it from influenza, to exclude laryngitis, whooping cough, pneumonia, eosinophilic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, respiratory mycoplasmosis, obstructive pulmonary disease, etc.

Acute tracheobronchitis in children must be distinguished from many other bacterial and viral lesions of the upper respiratory tract; in addition, babies should be tested for feces - to exclude helminthic invasion and cystic fibrosis (which also has a strong paroxysmal cough).

Who to contact?

Pulmonologist

Treatment of acute tracheobronchitis

In more than 80% of cases, the cause of the disease is a viral infection, so the treatment of acute tracheobronchitis with antimicrobial drugs is carried out either in the case of a combined infection (when bacteria attach to the virus and pus appears in the sputum), or when the pathogen is identified from the very beginning of the disease. And this is possible if during the diagnosis the level of procalcitonin in the blood serum was determined.

As a physiotherapeutic effect on the bronchi - to expand their gaps and better passage of air to the tissues of the lungs - procedures are needed that promote blood flow and activate intracellular metabolism: mustard plasters and jars, as well as hot foot baths (if the body temperature is normal). Doctors recommend taking such medications for acute tracheobronchitis (they inhibit the cough reflex with a strong dry cough):

• Libeksin (Prenoksdiazin, Tibeksin, Toparten): adults - 0.1 g (one tablet) three times a day; in severe form of the disease - two pills; dosage for children depends on age (from 0.025 to 0.05 g three times a day;
• Sinekod (Butamirat) in the form of syrup: adults and children over 12 years old - 15 ml three times a day (before meals); babies 6-12 years old - 10 ml; 3-6 years - 5 ml. Sinekod drops: adults and children after three years - 25 drops four times a day; children 1-3 years old - 15 drops, newborns from 2 to 12 months - 10 drops 4 times a day.

With thick sputum, to thin it and better discharge, the following are prescribed:

• syrup Ambroxol (Ambrobene, Lazolvan) for children over five years old is given 5 ml three times a day (after meals); 2-5 years old - 2.5 ml each and in the same dosage for children under two years of age. Adults can take Ambroxol tablets (Bronhopront, Mucosan) - 30 mg (one piece) two to three times a day;
• Acetylcysteine ​​(ACC) is used for adults and children over 12 years old - 100-200 mg three times a day;
• Mukaltin tablets - 1-2 pills three times a day;
• Terpinhydrate tablets - three times a day, one pill.

To prevent swelling of the mucous membranes of the trachea and bronchi in acute tracheobronchitis, doctors recommend antihistamines, for example, Suprastin tablets (0.025 g each): for adults - one pill twice a day (during meals); babies - a quarter of a tablet, after 6 years - half a tablet 2 times a day. Adults should take the drug Erespal 2-3 times a day (before meals), and it is better for children to give syrup - 4 mg per kilogram of body weight (once a day).

With a bacterial etiology of this pathology, antibiotics such as Amoxicillin (Augmentin, Amoxiclav) can be prescribed - for adults and children after 12 years - one pill twice a day; Azithromycin - 0.5 g once a day; and for children - Sumamed suspension - 10 mg per kilogram of body weight once a day for three days.

During treatment, you need to double the amount of fluid you drink. Also, be sure to do warm-moist inhalations with soda or any alkaline mineral water, with a decoction of sage herb, eucalyptus leaves, with essential oils of juniper, cypress, pine or thyme (thyme). Heat and moisture help keep the mucous membranes of the trachea and bronchi moist and help fight coughing.

Alternative treatment of acute tracheobronchitis

The applied external folk treatment includes hot (+38-40 ° C) foot baths with mustard powder, compresses with black radish juice on the upper part of the chest, rubbing the chest with melted goat fat, warming the chest with hot potatoes boiled in uniform.

Inside you should use honey with lemon (with warm tea); viburnum grated with sugar (a tablespoon per 150-200 ml of boiled water, twice a day); at night - warm milk with mineral alkaline water (1: 1) or put a quarter teaspoon of baking soda on 200 ml of milk.

You can prepare such a folk remedy for a strong dry cough: boil a whole lemon in water for 10 minutes, cut it and squeeze the juice into a glass, add two tablespoons of glycerin and 150 g of natural honey, mix thoroughly. Take a teaspoon three times a day (before meals), as well as at night.

Another recipe is for kids. A tablespoon of honey, two tablespoons of anise seeds and salt (a quarter of a teaspoon) pour 200 ml of water, bring to a boil, strain and cool. It is recommended to give the baby a teaspoon to drink every two hours.

Herbal treatment of acute tracheobronchitis is carried out using coltsfoot leaves, large plantain, oregano, black elderberry flowers, sweet clover, tricolor violet. With a dry cough, thyme infusion helps well (a tablespoon per glass of boiling water, leave for 30 minutes, take 50 ml several times a day). Expands the bronchi decoction of licorice root, tricolor violet, pine buds. With viscous sputum, the root of istod, cyanosis or elecampane is used.

Homeopathy for acute tracheobronchitis

Given that homeopathy involves a fairly long-term use of drugs, their appointment, especially in severe forms of the disease, may be ineffective. However, the arsenal of homeopathic cough remedies is extensive: Arnica (mountain arnica), Aconite (turnip fighter), Apis (honey bee), Argentum nitricum (silver nitrate), Belladonna (belladonna), Bryonia (white step), Dulcamara (bitter sweet nightshade), Echinacea (Echinacea angustifolia), Cephaelis ipecacuanha (Ipecacuanha), Pulsatilla (meadow lumbago or sleep-grass), Kalii bichromicum (potassium dichromate).

Some medicinal plants, on the basis of which these expectorants are made, are also used in herbal medicine. For example, mountain arnica growing in the Carpathians is used in the treatment of nocturnal enuresis, colitis and flatulence. And the poisonous white step (bryonia or Adam's root) helps with rheumatism and sciatica.

The complex homeopathic preparation Broncho-Gran (Ukrainian production) relieves cough, promotes sputum discharge and reduces inflammation of the respiratory tract.

Mucosa compositum restores damaged mucous membranes; Umckalor is designed to relieve productive cough.

More about treatment

Treatment of bronchitis Physiotherapy for bronchitis Antibiotics for bronchitis Antibiotics for bronchitis in adults: when prescribed, names

Prevention of acute tracheobronchitis

Hardening, good nutrition with a sufficient content of vitamins, trace elements and minerals support immunity, and a high level of body defenses is, in fact, the prevention of this respiratory disease. And it is necessary to carry out timely adequate treatment of all diseases of the upper respiratory tract - from influenza and acute respiratory infections to tonsillitis and pharyngitis.

The prognosis of acute tracheobronchitis - complete recovery without complications - will be positive with timely and correct diagnosis of the disease and appropriate therapy.

Editor

Acute bronchitis (AB) is a sudden onset and rapidly developing inflammatory disease of the bronchial mucosa. In severe cases, all layers of the bronchial wall can be affected, but the lung parenchyma does not suffer. You need to know that such a disease is a frequent companion of acute respiratory infections.

Acute bronchitis takes the second place (after pneumonia) in terms of the severity of the course, is one of the leading in terms of frequency of occurrence among all respiratory diseases. The disease is common in all age groups, but children of all ages are most susceptible to the disease.

ICD-10 code: "Acute bronchitis - J20".

Causes

pathogens

The development of acute bronchitis can be different, but in childhood it is most often bacterial and viral infections. However, many pulmonologists are of the opinion that the infectious nature of OB is secondary. In their opinion, the key point in the development of the disease is the decrease in nonspecific resistance of the body under the influence of harmful exogenous factors. Against the background of such local immunodeficiency, invasion (penetration) of pathogenic microorganisms occurs.

Among the limitless number of microbes in the study of etiological factors, the following are most often found:

Viruses:

• rhinovirus;
• adenovirus;
• caronovirus;
• influenza and parainfluenza;
• RS virus;
• cytomegalovirus.

Attention! Viruses are the main cause of acute bronchitis in children. This is due to the active circulation of viral infections in children's groups. Many children suffer SARS several times a season.

Bacteria:

• hemophilic bacillus (haemophilus influenza);
• pneumococcus (streptococcus pneumoniae);
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa (pseudomonas aeruginosa);
• Staphylococcus aureus (staphylococcus aureus).

Bacteria, as the cause of acute bronchitis, are in second place after viruses. According to various studies, Haemophilus influenzae (14-20%) and pneumococcus (21-45%) share the primacy among them.

Pneumococcus often causes acute bronchitis - as a primary disease, and Haemophilus influenzae its relapses and exacerbations (in chronic form).

Bacterial bronchitis is more typical in adults. In children, these microorganisms join as a secondary infection, against the background of an already existing viral lesion. Bacterial types of the disease cause complications and transition to more severe forms (recurrent, chronic).

Others, regarding rare pathogens:

• mushrooms (candida);
• atypical microorganisms (mycoplasmas, chlamydia);
• protists (amoeba - very rare).

Common in acute bronchitis mixinfection in various combinations:

• virus-bacterium (most often);
• virus-virus;
• mycoplasma virus.

Such forms, as a rule, are difficult and long-term, with a high risk of complications and chronic infection.

Risk factors

Non-infectious factors occupy a leading position in the development of the disease, as they create favorable conditions for the introduction of the pathogen. Provoking and predisposing factors include:

• Smoking. Smoking of parents, especially mothers, during pregnancy is of great negative importance. This can cause intrauterine pathology of the fetal respiratory system. Smoking by the child himself, both active (adolescents) and passive. Moreover, the passive option is much more dangerous, since in this case all (and there are about 7000 of them) harmful substances contained in tobacco smoke enter the body.

Smoking leads to a violation of mucociliary clearance (the ciliated epithelium is paralyzed), a decrease in the elasticity of the lung tissue, an increase in the number of goblet cells and mucus production, a violation of the synthesis of surfactant (a substance that covers the alveoli and prevents them from collapsing), cell metaplasia (malignant degeneration).

• Ecology. In connection with the rapid industrialization, the amount of harmful emissions into the atmosphere is huge. This problem is more relevant to large cities. The air accumulates many different chemical compounds, metals, dust, allergens. Getting into the lungs, they can accumulate or, at the first contact, damage the bronchi, cause inflammation, and become sensitized (subsequently, an allergy develops). Therefore, children living in rural areas are less likely to get sick with acute bronchitis.

• Anomalies in the development of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Pathologies are both congenital and acquired. They can be expressed in violation of the airway, difficulty in the discharge of mucus, stagnation of blood in the pulmonary circulation.

• hereditary predisposition. Manifested in bronchial hyperreactivity and increased sensitivity to infection.

• Acute and chronic somatic diseases of various systems. Tissue breakdown products and toxic metabolites can damage the bronchial mucosa.

A chronic focus of infection in the body (chronic rhinitis, tonsillitis, caries) is a predisposing factor, since with any decrease in local protection, the infection can descend and cause OB.

Non-infectious factors not only create conditions for the development of the disease, but, in some cases, can themselves cause aseptic forms of bronchitis.

Causes:

• chemicals (inhalation of irritating gases, aerosols);
• physical (burns of the respiratory tract);
• allergens (cause allergic inflammation).

Main symptoms

Symptoms of acute bronchitis are very stereotypical, although, depending on the cause and localization, they may have some features.

Main manifestations:

• . Cough is the main symptom of acute bronchitis in children. It can appear from the first days of the disease or after a few days (depending on the incubation period of the pathogen, on average 1-3 days). At first it is dry and constant, accompanied by a feeling of soreness in the throat and pain behind the sternum. When the larynx is involved in the pathological process, hoarseness of the voice may be observed, and the cough becomes “barking”. After 4-7 days, it becomes productive. There is a discharge of a small amount of viscous white sputum (with the addition of a bacterial infection, its nature may change), which lasts about a week (5-10 days).
• . An increase in body temperature to subfebrile or febrile values ​​​​(37-38 ° C). The temperature is not a specific symptom, as it rises with any inflammatory process in the body. Some forms (atypical, with severe immunodeficiency) may not be accompanied by fever, due to the lack of cyclooxygenase activity in the neurons of the thermoregulation center (located in the hypothalamus).
• catarrhal manifestations. According to the results of a statistical analysis of numerous case histories, acute bronchitis in children very often occurs in conjunction with severe catarrhal syndromes. The entrance gate for many infections is the upper respiratory tract, which is also affected by the pathogen. Viruses are the most common etiological agent of OB, and their involvement in the process of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract is very characteristic. This is manifested by catarrhal (serous) inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose (rhinitis), larynx (laryngitis), pharynx (pharyngitis) and conjunctiva (conjunctivitis). The inflammatory process is accompanied by profuse lacrimation, rhinorrhea (nasal secretion), voice change, sore throat.
• Pain in the chest. Chest pain may occur at the height of the cough, this is due to inflammation of the trachea. In some cases, pain occurs due to micro-tears in the esophagus, which occur as a result of increased coughing.
• (rarely). It is a sign of respiratory failure (RD). It is not typical for an acute variant of the course, but in especially severe cases, with the transition of inflammation to the smallest parts of the respiratory tract (bronchioles), such a variant of development is possible. Most often, even if DN develops, it stops at the mildest (1) stage and quickly regresses under the influence of therapy.

With OB, there is a possibility of developing such a complication as acute respiratory failure, which can quickly lead to death.

Shortness of breath can also be a sign of obstruction (impaired patency). However, this is a specific symptom of obstructive bronchitis. It differs significantly from simple OB in pronounced expiratory dyspnea (appears from the first days of illness), difficulty in expectoration of sputum, ringing dry (whistling or buzzing) rales that can be heard at a distance.

Attention! If the symptoms of AB persist for more than 3 weeks, then this is an indication for the appointment of antibiotics.

A prolonged course (over 3 weeks) indicates the addition of a bacterial infection and requires additional diagnosis and treatment.

There are certain standards for how to treat acute bronchitis in children:

• Mode- bed in the acute period, at the peak of fever and general intoxication syndrome. With the improvement of well-being and during the period of convalescence - free.
• Diet- basic, should contain a sufficient amount of micro and macro elements, as well as a large amount of liquid (up to 3-5 liters per day, depending on the child's age and diet).

Together with this, quality is carried out. According to clinical guidelines, the main groups of drugs are antiviral agents.

Oseltamivir (Oseltamyvir) and zanamivir (Zanamivirum) are selective drugs for the treatment of influenza infection. Acyclovir is used only in the treatment of herpes virus.

For all other viruses, there is no specific therapy. Previously, interferon preparations were used as such drugs, but at the moment they have been abandoned due to low efficiency.

Currently, there are no antiviral drugs (with the exception of influenza and herpes).

Due to the fact that in most cases etiotropic therapy cannot be carried out, the main directions of treatment are pathogenetic and symptomatic.

How to treat:

• Antitussives medicines are prescribed only in the first days and in the presence of indications (strong painful cough, leading to impaired consciousness or other complications). There are two groups of drugs: narcotic (codeine, morphine, dionine) and non-narcotic (glauvent, glaucin). The former are much more effective, but can be addictive and adversely affect the child's body, so they are used only in severe cases.
• Mucolytics(improving sputum discharge) are shown to all children from 3-4 days of illness. They dilute sputum and improve its exit from the bronchi. The most effective are: carbocysteine, acetylcysteine ​​(ACC), ambroxol.
• Antihistamines funds are used in the presence of signs of hyperreactivity (suprastin, fenkarol).
• vitamin therapy- the appointment of vitamins of group B and C.

Antibiotics

Antibiotics for OB are used only for certain indications:

• proven bacterial nature of the disease;
• persistence of symptoms for more than 3 weeks;
• signs of obstruction;
• purulent sputum (with an unpleasant odor);
• severe course;
• the presence of concomitant acute and chronic diseases;
• the presence of a focus of bacterial infection in the body;
• non-infectious forms of bronchitis (as a prophylaxis).

When prescribing antibiotics, it is necessary to be guided by these indications. But in each individual case, the question of the appropriateness of their use is decided individually.

After the acute manifestations of the disease subside, during the recovery period, it is recommended to undergo physiotherapy.

Important! In the acute phase of any disease, the use of any methods of physical influence is categorically contraindicated.

When OB is shown:

• any type of massage (preferably vibration);
• physical therapy and breathing exercises;
• electrophoresis of drugs;
• local ultraviolet irradiation;
• microwave and UHF therapy.

Physiotherapeutic methods help to accelerate the purification of the respiratory tract, regeneration, and restoration of lost functions.

At home

If the symptoms of the disease are not expressed, then it is possible to treat acute bronchitis in children at home. For this general guidelines must be followed:

• protective mode;
• complete nutrition;
• plentiful drink (3-5l per day);
• conscientious use of medicines;
• periodic ventilation of the room;
• walks in the fresh air while stabilizing body temperature.

If there is no effect of the treatment for a long time and there are any signs of progression and complications of the process, immediately seek medical help.

Treatment options include:

• decoctions from various herbs (chamomile, thyme, linden);
• honey (has warming and antiseptic properties);
• dried fruit compote (contains a sufficient amount of essential vitamins, macro and microelements).

Forecast

In the vast majority of cases, acute bronchitis proceeds favorably, as part of SARS. As a rule, mild or moderate severity of the disease prevails in children, with which many parents are able to cope on their own with strict adherence to medical recommendations. However, there are cases when, for one reason or another, the disease acquires a malignant course and can cause complications:

• accession of a secondary infection (protracted course, pneumonia);
• transition to a heavier form ( , );
• bronchial hyperreactivity (allergic reaction);
• damage to the esophagus, fractures of the ribs (complications of a severe cough);
• acute respiratory failure;
• sepsis.

Advice! To prevent the development of complications, it is necessary to consult a doctor before and during therapy.

Conclusion

Acute bronchitis in children is a typical common disease that cannot be prevented. Therefore, efforts must be made to prevent the development of complications. As a rule, children tolerate the disease easily, without any consequences. But it is always necessary to remember the dangers that OB is fraught with. Timely access to a doctor and high-quality treatment is the best prevention of complications.

Class X Diseases of the respiratory system (J00-J99)

This class contains the following blocks:
J00-J06 Acute upper respiratory infections
J10-J18 Flu and pneumonia

J20-J22 Other acute respiratory infections of the lower respiratory tract
J30-J39 Other diseases of the upper respiratory tract
J40-J47 Chronic diseases of the lower respiratory tract
J60-J70 Lung diseases caused by external agents
J80-J84 Other respiratory diseases primarily affecting the interstitial tissue
J85-J86 Purulent and necrotic conditions of the lower respiratory tract
J90-J94 Other diseases of the pleura
J95-J99 Other respiratory diseases

The following categories are marked with an asterisk:
J17* Pneumonia in diseases classified elsewhere
J91* Pleural effusion in conditions classified elsewhere
J99* Respiratory disorders in diseases classified elsewhere

ACUTE UPPER RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS (J00-J06)

Excludes: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with exacerbation NOS ( J44.1)

J00 Acute nasopharyngitis (runny nose)

Runny nose (acute)
Acute catarrh of the nose
Nasopharyngitis:
NOS
infectious NOS
Rhinitis:
spicy
infectious
Excludes: chronic nasopharyngitis ( J31.1)
pharyngitis:
NOS ( J02.9)
spicy ( J02. -)
chronic ( J31.2)
rhinitis:
NOS ( J31.0)
allergic ( J30.1-J30.4)
chronic ( J31.0)
vasomotor ( J30.0)

J01 Acute sinusitis

Included:
abscess)
empyema) acute(th)(th), sinus
inflammation )
suppuration)
B95-B97).
Excludes: chronic sinusitis or NOS ( J32. -)

J01.0 Acute maxillary sinusitis. Acute anthrite
J01.1 Acute frontal sinusitis
J01.2 Acute ethmoid sinusitis
J01.3 Acute sphenoidal sinusitis
J01.4 Acute pansinusitis
J01.8 Another acute sinusitis. Acute sinusitis involving more than one sinus, but not pansinusitis
J01.9 Acute sinusitis, unspecified

J02 Acute pharyngitis

Includes: acute sore throat

Excludes: abscess:
peritonsillar ( J36)
pharyngeal ( J39.1)
retropharyngeal ( J39.0)
acute laryngopharyngitis ( J06.0)
chronic pharyngitis ( J31.2)

J02.0 Streptococcal pharyngitis. Streptococcal sore throat
Excluded: scarlet fever ( A38)
J02.8 Acute pharyngitis due to other specified pathogens
B95-B97).
Excluded: caused by (at):
infectious mononucleosis ( B27. -)
flu virus:
identified ( J10.1)
unidentified ( J11.1)
pharyngitis:
enteroviral vesicular ( B08.5)
caused by the herpes simplex virus B00.2 )
J02.9 Acute pharyngitis, unspecified
Pharyngitis (acute):
NOS
gangrenous
infectious NOS
purulent
ulcerative
Sore throat (acute) NOS

J03 Acute tonsillitis

Excludes: peritonsillar abscess ( J36)
Sore throat:
NOS ( J02.9 )
acute ( J02 . -)
streptococcal ( J02.0 )

J03.0 Streptococcal tonsillitis
J03.8 Acute tonsillitis due to other specified pathogens
If it is necessary to identify the infectious agent, use an additional code ( B95-B97).
Excludes: pharyngotonsillitis due to herpes simplex virus ( B00.2 )
J03.9 Acute tonsillitis, unspecified
Tonsillitis (acute):
NOS
follicular
gangrenous
infectious
ulcerative

J04 Acute laryngitis and tracheitis

If it is necessary to identify the infectious agent, use an additional code ( B95-B97).
Excludes: acute obstructive laryngitis [croup] and epiglottitis ( J05. -)
laryngism (stridor) ( J38.5)

J04.0 Acute laryngitis
Laryngitis (acute):
NOS
hydropic

purulent
ulcerative
Excludes: chronic laryngitis ( J37.0)
influenzal laryngitis, influenza virus:
identified ( J10.1)
not identified ( J11.1)
J04.1 Acute tracheitis
Tracheitis (acute):
NOS
catarrhal
Excludes: chronic tracheitis ( J42)
J04.2 Acute laryngotracheitis. Laryngotracheitis
Tracheitis (acute) with laryngitis (acute)
Excludes: chronic laryngotracheitis ( J37.1)

J05 Acute obstructive laryngitis [croup] and epiglottitis

If necessary, identify the infectious agent
use additional code ( B95-B97).

J05.0 Acute obstructive laryngitis [croup]. Obstructive laryngitis NOS
J05.1 Acute epiglottitis. Epiglottitis NOS

J06 Acute infections of the upper respiratory tract, multiple and unspecified

J22)
flu virus:
identified ( J10.1)
not identified ( J11.1)

J06.0 Acute laryngopharyngitis
J06.8 Other acute upper respiratory tract infections of multiple sites
J06.9 Acute upper respiratory tract infection, unspecified
Upper respiratory tract:
acute illness
infection NOS

FLU AND PNEUMONIA (J10-J18)

J10 Influenza due to an identified influenza virus

Excludes: caused by Haemophilus influenzae
[Afanasiev-Pfeiffer wand]:
infection NOS ( A49.2)
meningitis ( G00.0)
pneumonia ( J14)

J10.0 Influenza with pneumonia, influenza virus identified. Influenza (broncho)pneumonia, influenza virus identified
J10.1 Influenza with other respiratory manifestations, influenza virus identified
Flu )
Influenza: )
acute respiratory infection (influenza virus)
upper respiratory tract) identified
laryngitis)
pharyngitis)
pleural effusion)
J10.8 Influenza with other manifestations, influenza virus identified
encephalopathy caused by
influenza)
Influenza:) influenza virus
gastroenteritis) identified
myocarditis (acute)

J11 Influenza, virus not identified

Included: flu) mention of identification
viral flu) no virus
Excludes: caused by Haemophilus influenzae [coli
Afanasiev-Pfeiffer]:
infection NOS ( A49.2)
meningitis ( G00.0)
pneumonia ( J14)

J11.0 Influenza with pneumonia, virus not identified
Influenza (broncho)pneumonia, unspecified or without mention of virus identification
J11.1 Influenza with other respiratory manifestations, virus not identified. Influenza NOS
Influenza: )
acute respiratory infection, unspecified
upper respiratory tract) or the virus is not
laryngitis) identified
pharyngitis)
pleural effusion)
J11.8 Influenza with other manifestations, virus not identified
influenza encephalopathy)
Influenza: ) unspecified
gastroenteritis) or the virus is not
myocarditis (acute) identified

J12 Viral pneumonia, not elsewhere classified

Includes: bronchopneumonia due to viruses other than influenza virus
Excludes: congenital rubella pneumonitis ( P35.0)
pneumonia:
aspiration:
NOS ( J69.0)
during anesthesia:
O74.0)
during pregnancy ( O29.0)
in the postpartum period O89.0)
newborn ( P24.9)
J69. -)
congenital ( P23.0)
with influenza ( J10.0, J11.0)
interstitial NOS ( J84.9)
fatty ( J69.1)

J12.0 adenovirus pneumonia
J12.1 Pneumonia due to respiratory syncytial virus
J12.2 Pneumonia caused by parainfluenza virus
J12.8 Other viral pneumonia
J12.9 Viral pneumonia, unspecified

J13 Pneumonia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae

Bronchopneumonia due to Spneumoniae
Excludes: congenital pneumonia due to S. pneumoniae ( P23.6)
pneumonia caused by other streptococci ( J15.3-J15.4)

J14 Pneumonia due to Haemophilus influenzae

Bronchopneumonia caused by Hinfluenzae
Excludes: congenital pneumonia due to H. influenzae ( P23.6)

J15 Bacterial pneumonia, not elsewhere classified

Includes: bronchopneumonia due to other than
S.pneumoniae and H.influenzae bacteria
Excludes: pneumonia due to chlamydia ( J16.0)
congenital pneumonia ( P23. -)
legionnaires' disease ( A48.1)

J15.0 Pneumonia due to Klebsiella pneumoniae
J15.1 Pseudomonas pneumonia (Pseudomonas aeruginosa)
J15.2 Pneumonia caused by staphylococcus aureus
J15.3 Group B Strep Pneumonia
J15.4 Pneumonia caused by other streptococci
Excludes: pneumonia due to:
group B streptococcus ( J15.3)
Streptococcus pneumoniae ( J13 )
J15.5 Escherichia coli pneumonia
J15.6 Pneumonia caused by other aerobic Gram-negative bacteria. Serratia marcescens pneumonia
J15.7 Pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae
J15.8 Other bacterial pneumonias
J15.9 Bacterial pneumonia, unspecified

J16 Pneumonia due to other infectious agents, not elsewhere classified

Excludes: ornithosis ( A70)
pneumocystosis ( B59)
pneumonia:
NOS ( J18.9)
congenital ( P23. -)
J16.0 Pneumonia due to chlamydia
J16.8 Pneumonia due to other specified infectious agents

J17* Pneumonia in diseases classified elsewhere

J18 Pneumonia without specification of pathogen

Excludes: lung abscess with pneumonia ( J85.1)
drug-induced interstitial lung disease J70.2-J70.4)
pneumonia:
aspiration:
NOS ( J69.0)
during anesthesia:
during childbirth and delivery O74.0)
during pregnancy ( O29.0)
in the postpartum period O89.0)
newborn ( P24.9)
inhalation of solid and liquid substances ( J69. -)
congenital ( P23.9)
interstitial NOS ( J84.9)
fatty ( J69.1)
pneumonitis caused by external agents ( J67-J70)

J18.0 Bronchopneumonia, unspecified
Excluded: bronchiolitis ( J21. -)
J18.1 Lobar pneumonia, unspecified
J18.2 Hypostatic pneumonia, unspecified
J18.8 Other pneumonia, causative agent not specified
J18.9 Pneumonia, unspecified

OTHER ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS
LOWER RESPIRATORY (J20-J22)

Excludes: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with:
exacerbation NOS ( J44.1)
acute respiratory infection of the lower respiratory tract ( J44.0)

J20 Acute bronchitis

Includes: bronchitis:
NOS in persons under 15 years of age
acute and subacute:
bronchospasm
fibrinous
filmy
purulent
septic
tracheitis
acute tracheobronchitis
Excludes: bronchitis:
NOS in persons aged 15 years and older ( J40)
allergic NOS ( J45.0)
chronic:
NOS ( J42)
mucopurulent ( J41.1)
obstructive ( J44. -)
simple ( J41.0)
tracheobronchitis:
NOS ( J40)
chronic ( J42)
obstructive ( J44. -)

J20.0 Acute bronchitis due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae
J20.1 Acute bronchitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae [Afanasiev-Pfeiffer wand]
J20.2 Acute bronchitis caused by streptococcus
J20.3 Acute bronchitis caused by the Coxsackievirus
J20.4 Acute bronchitis caused by parainfluenza virus
J20.5 Acute bronchitis due to respiratory syncytial virus
J20.6 Acute bronchitis due to rhinovirus
J20.7 Acute bronchitis due to echovirus
J20.8 Acute bronchitis due to other specified agents
J20.9 Acute bronchitis, unspecified

J21 Acute bronchiolitis

Included: with bronchospasm
J21.0 Acute bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus
J21.8 Acute bronchiolitis due to other specified agents
J21.9 Acute bronchiolitis, unspecified. Bronchiolitis (acute)

J22 Acute lower respiratory infection, unspecified

Acute respiratory (lower) (respiratory) infection NOS
Excludes: upper respiratory tract infection (acute) ( J06.9)

OTHER UPPER RESPIRATORY DISEASES (J30-J39)

J30 Vasomotor and allergic rhinitis

Includes: spasmodic coryza
Excludes: allergic rhinitis with asthma ( J45.0)
rhinitis NOS ( J31.0)

J30.0 Vasomotor rhinitis
J30.1 Allergic rhinitis caused by plant pollen. Allergy NOS due to plant pollen
Hay fever. hay fever
J30.2 Other seasonal allergic rhinitis
J30.3 Other allergic rhinitis. Perennial allergic rhinitis
J30.4 Allergic rhinitis, unspecified

J31 Chronic rhinitis, nasopharyngitis and pharyngitis

J31.0 Chronic rhinitis. Ozena
Rhinitis (chronic):
NOS
atrophic
granulomatous
hypertrophic
plugging
purulent
ulcerative
Excludes: rhinitis:
allergic ( J30.1-J30.4)
vasomotor ( J30.0)
J31.1 Chronic nasopharyngitis
Excludes: acute nasopharyngitis or NOS ( J00)
J31.2 Chronic pharyngitis. Chronic sore throat
Pharyngitis (chronic):
atrophic
granular
hypertrophic
Excludes: acute pharyngitis or NOS ( J02.9)

J32 Chronic sinusitis

Includes: abscess)
empyema - chronic sinus
infection) (adnexal) (nasal)
suppuration)
If it is necessary to identify the infectious agent, use an additional code ( B95-B97).
Excludes: acute sinusitis ( J01. -)

J32.0 Chronic maxillary sinusitis. Anthritis (chronic). Maxillary sinusitis NOS
J32.1 Chronic frontal sinusitis. Frontal sinusitis NOS
J32.2 Chronic ethmoid sinusitis. Ethmoid sinusitis NOS
J32.3 Chronic sphenoidal sinusitis. Sphenoidal sinusitis NOS
J32.4 Chronic pansinusitis. Pansinusitis NOS
J32.8 Other chronic sinusitis. Sinusitis (chronic) involving more than one sinus, but not pansinusitis
J32.9 Chronic sinusitis, unspecified. Sinusitis (chronic) NOS

J33 Nasal polyp

D14.0)

J33.0 nasal polyp
Polyp:
choanal
nasopharyngeal
J33.1 Polyposis degeneration of the sinus. Wakes syndrome or ethmoiditis
J33.8 Other sinus polyps
Sinus polyps:
adnexal
ethmoid
maxillary
sphenoidal
J33.9 Nasal polyp, unspecified

J34 Other diseases of the nose and nasal sinuses

Excludes: varicose ulcer of the nasal septum ( I86.8)

J34.0 Abscess, furuncle and carbuncle of the nose
cellulite)
Necrosis) of the nose (septum)
ulceration)
J34.1 Cyst or mucocele of the nasal sinus
J34.2 Displaced nasal septum. Deviated or deviated septum (nasal) (acquired)
J34.3 turbinate hypertrophy
J34.8 Other specified diseases of the nose and nasal sinuses. Perforation of the nasal septum NOS. Rhinolit

J35 Chronic diseases of the tonsils and adenoids

J35.0 Chronic tonsillitis
Excludes: tonsillitis:
NOS ( J03.9)
spicy ( J03. -)
J35.1 Hypertrophy of the tonsils. Tonsil enlargement
J35.2 hypertrophy of the adenoids. Adenoid enlargement
J35.3 Hypertrophy of the tonsils with hypertrophy of the adenoids
J35.8 Other chronic diseases of the tonsils and adenoids
adenoid growths. Amygdalolith. Scar of the tonsil (and adenoid). Tonsillar "marks". tonsil ulcer
J35.9 Chronic disease of tonsils and adenoids, unspecified. Disease (chronic) of tonsils and adenoids NOS

J36 Peritonsillar abscess

Abscess of the tonsils. Peritonsillar cellulitis. Quinzie
If it is necessary to identify the infectious agent, use an additional code ( B95-B97).
Excludes: retropharyngeal abscess ( J39.0)
tonsillitis:
NOS ( J03.9)
spicy ( J03. -)
chronic ( J35.0)

J37 Chronic laryngitis and laryngotracheitis

If it is necessary to identify the infectious agent, use an additional code ( B95-B97).

J37.0 Chronic laryngitis
Laryngitis:
catarrhal
hypertrophic
dry
Excludes: laryngitis:
NOS ( J04.0)
spicy ( J04.0)
obstructive (acute) ( J05.0)
J37.1 Chronic laryngotracheitis. Chronic laryngitis with tracheitis (chronic). Tracheitis chronic with laryngitis
Excludes: laryngotracheitis:
NOS ( J04.2)
spicy ( J04.2)
tracheitis:
NOS ( J04.1)
spicy ( J04.1)
chronic ( J42)

J38 Diseases of the vocal folds and larynx, not elsewhere classified

Excludes: congenital stridor of the larynx ( Q31.4)
laryngitis:
obstructive (acute) ( J05.0)
ulcerative ( J04.0)
post-procedural stenosis of the larynx under the vocal apparatus itself ( J95.5)
stridor ( R06.1)

J38.0 Paralysis of the vocal folds and larynx. Laryngoplegia. Paralysis of the vocal apparatus itself
J38.1 Polyp of the vocal fold and larynx
Excludes: adenomatous polyps ( D14.1)
J38.2 Nodules of the vocal folds
Chorditis (fibrous) (nodular) (tubercular). Singers' knots. Teacher's knots
J38.3 Other diseases of the vocal folds
abscess)
cellulite)
Granuloma of the vocal fold(s)
leukokeratosis)
leukoplakia)
J38.4 Laryngeal edema
Edema:
the actual voice box
under the actual voice box
above the actual voice box
Excludes: laryngitis:
acute obstructive [croup] ( J05.0)
swollen ( J04.0)

J38.5 Spasm of the larynx. Laryngism (stridor)
J38.6 Stenosis of the larynx
J38.7 Other diseases of the larynx
abscess)
cellulite)
disease NOS)
Necrosis) of the larynx
pachydermia)
Perichondritis)

J39 Other diseases of the upper respiratory tract

Excludes: acute respiratory infection NOS ( J22)
upper respiratory tract ( J06.9)
inflammation of the upper respiratory tract caused by chemical interventions, gases, fumes and vapors ( J68.2)

J39.0 Retropharyngeal and parapharyngeal abscess. Peripharyngeal abscess
Excludes: peritonsillar abscess ( J36)
J39.1 Another abscess of the pharynx. Cellulitis of the throat. Nasopharyngeal abscess
J39.2 Other diseases of the pharynx
Cyst) pharynx or
Edema) nasopharynx
Excludes: pharyngitis:
chronic ( J31.2)
ulcerative ( J02.9)
J39.3 Upper respiratory tract hypersensitivity reaction, location unspecified
J39.8 Other specified diseases of the upper respiratory tract
J39.9 Upper respiratory tract disease, unspecified

CHRONIC LOWER RESPIRATORY DISEASES (J40-J47)

Excludes: cystic fibrosis ( E84. -)

J40 Bronchitis, not specified as acute or chronic

Note Bronchitis not specified as acute or chronic in persons younger than 15 years of age may be considered acute in nature and should be classified as
to rubric J20. Bronchitis:
NOS
catarrhal
with tracheitis NOS
Tracheobronchitis NOS
Excludes: bronchitis:
allergic NOS ( J45.0)
asthmatic NOS ( J45.9)
caused by chemicals (acute) ( J68.0)

J41 Simple and mucopurulent chronic bronchitis

Excludes: chronic bronchitis:
NOS ( J42)
obstructive ( J44. -)
J41.0 Simple chronic bronchitis
J41.1 Mucopurulent chronic bronchitis
J41.8 Mixed, simple and mucopurulent chronic bronchitis

J42 Chronic bronchitis, unspecified

Chronic:
bronchitis NOS
tracheitis
tracheobronchitis
Excludes: chronic:
asthmatic bronchitis ( J44. -)
bronchitis:
simple and mucopurulent ( J41. -)
with airway obstruction J44. -)
emphysematous bronchitis ( J44. -)
obstructive pulmonary disease NOS ( J44.9)

J43 Emphysema

Excludes: emphysema:
compensatory ( J98.3)
caused by chemicals, gases, fumes and vapors ( J68.4)
interstitial ( J98.2)
newborn ( P25.0)
mediastinal ( J98.2)
surgical (subcutaneous) ( T81.8)
traumatic subcutaneous ( T79.7)
with chronic (obstructive) bronchitis ( J44. -)
emphysematous (obstructive) bronchitis ( J44. -)

J43.0 McLeod syndrome
One-sided:
emphysema
lung transparency
J43.1 Panlobular emphysema. Panacinar emphysema
J43.2 Centrilobular emphysema
J43.8 Other emphysema
J43.9 Emphysema (lung) (pulmonary):
NOS
bullous
vesicular
Emphysematous vesicle

J44 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease other

Included: chronic:
bronchitis:
asthmatic (obstructive)
emphysematous
with:
blockage of the airways
emphysema
obstructive(th):
asthma
bronchitis
tracheobronchitis
Excludes: asthma ( J45. -)
asthmatic bronchitis NOS ( J45.9)
bronchiectasis ( J47)
chronic:
bronchitis:
NOS ( J42)
simple and mucopurulent ( J41. -)
tracheitis ( J42)
tracheobronchitis ( J42)
emphysema ( J43. -)
J60-J70)

J44.0 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute respiratory infection of the lower respiratory tract
Excluded: with influenza ( J10-J11)
J44.1 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with exacerbation, unspecified
J44.8 Other specified chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Chronical bronchitis:
asthmatic (obstructive) NOS
emphysematous NOS
obstructive NOS
J44.9 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, unspecified
Chronic obstructive:
respiratory disease NOS
lung disease NOS

J45 Asthma

Excludes: acute severe asthma ( J46)
chronic asthmatic (obstructive) bronchitis ( J44. -)
chronic obstructive asthma ( J44. -)
eosinophilic asthma ( J82)
lung diseases caused by external agents ( J60-J70)
status asthmaticus ( J46)

J45.0 Asthma with a predominance of an allergic component
Allergic:
bronchitis NOS
rhinitis with asthma
atopic asthma. Exogenous allergic asthma. Hay fever with asthma
J45.1 Nonallergic asthma. Idiosyncratic asthma. Endogenous non-allergic asthma
J45.8 Mixed asthma. Combination of conditions indicated in rubrics J45.0 and J45.1
J45.9 Asthma, unspecified. Asthmatic bronchitis NOS. Late onset asthma

J46 Asthmatic status

Acute severe asthma

J47 Bronchiectasis

Bronchiolectasis
Excludes: congenital bronchiectasis ( Q33.4)
tuberculous bronchiectasis (current disease) ( A15-A16)

LUNG DISEASES CAUSED BY EXTERNAL AGENTS (J60-J70)

Excludes: asthma classified under J45.

J60 Coal miner's pneumoconiosis

Anthracosilicosis. Anthracosis. Collier's Lung
Excluded: with tuberculosis ( J65)

J61 Pneumoconiosis due to asbestos and other minerals

asbestosis
Excludes: pleural plaque with asbestosis ( J92.0) with tuberculosis ( J65)

J62 Pneumoconiosis due to silica dust

Includes: silicate fibrosis (extensive) of the lung
Excludes: pneumoconiosis with tuberculosis ( J65)

J62.0 Pneumoconiosis due to talc dust
J62.8 Pneumoconiosis caused by other dust containing silicon. Silicosis NOS

J63 Pneumoconiosis due to other inorganic dusts

Excluded: with tuberculosis ( J65)

J63.0 Aluminosis (lung)
J63.1 Bauxite fibrosis (lung)
J63.2 Beryllium
J63.3 Graphite fibrosis (lung)
J63.4 Siderosis
J63.5 stannoz
J63.8 Pneumoconiosis due to other specified inorganic dust

J64 Pneumoconiosis, unspecified

Excluded: with tuberculosis ( J65)

J65 Pneumoconiosis associated with tuberculosis

Any condition indicated in the headings J60-J64, in association with tuberculosis classified under A15-A16

J66 Disease of the respiratory tract due to specific organic dust

Excludes: bagassosis ( J67.1)
farmer's lung ( J67.0)
hypersensitivity pneumonitis caused by organic dust ( J67. -)
reactive airway dysfunction syndrome J68.3)

J66.0 Byssinosis. Respiratory disease caused by cotton dust
J66.1 Flax beater disease
J66.2 cannabinosis
J66.8 Respiratory disease due to other specified organic dust

J67 Organic dust hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Includes: allergic alveolitis and pneumonitis due to inhalation of organic dust and fungal particles,
actinomycetes or particles of other origin
Excludes: pneumonitis due to inhalation of chemicals, gases, fumes and vapors ( J68.0)

J67.0 Lung of a farmer [agricultural worker]. Reaper's Lung. Light mower. Disease caused by moldy hay
J67.1 Bagassose (from sugar cane dust)
Bagassesnoy(th):
disease
pneumonitis
J67.2 Poultry farmer's lung
The disease, or lung, of a parrot lover. Disease, or lung, of a pigeon lover
J67.3 Suberose. Disease, or lung, of a cork tree handler. Illness, or lung, of a cork worker
J67.4 Lung working with malt. Alveolitis due to Aspergillus clavatus
J67.5 Mushroom Worker's Lung
J67.6 Maple bark lung. Alveolitis due to Cryptostroma corticale. Cryptostromosis
J67.7 Lung in contact with air conditioner and humidifiers
Allergic alveolitis caused by fungi, thermophilic actinomycetes, and other microorganisms growing in ventilation [air conditioning] systems
J67.8 Hypersensitivity pneumonitis caused by other organic dusts
Easy cheese washer. Light coffee grinder. Lung of a worker of a fish-meal enterprise. Lung furrier [furrier]
Sequoia worker's lung
J67.9 Hypersensitivity pneumonitis due to unspecified organic dust
Allergic (exogenous) alveolitis NOS. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis NOS

J68 Respiratory conditions due to inhalation of chemicals, gases, fumes and vapours.

J68.0 Bronchitis and pneumonitis caused by chemicals, gases, fumes and vapors
Chemical bronchitis (acute)
J68.1 Acute pulmonary edema caused by chemicals, gases, fumes and vapors
Chemical pulmonary edema (acute)
J68.2 Inflammation of the upper respiratory tract caused by chemicals, gases, fumes and vapours, not elsewhere classified
J68.3 Other acute and subacute respiratory conditions caused by chemicals, gases, fumes and vapours.
Reactive Airway Dysfunction Syndrome

J68.4 Chemical respiratory conditions caused by chemicals, gases, fumes and vapours. Emphysema (diffuse) (chronic) caused by inhalation Obliterating bronchitis (chronic chemical) (subacute) substances, gases. Pulmonary fibrosis (chronic) fumes and vapors
J68.8 Other respiratory conditions caused by chemicals, gases, fumes and vapors
J68.9 Unspecified respiratory conditions due to chemicals, gases, fumes and vapours.

J69 Pneumonitis due to solids and liquids

An additional external cause code (class XX) is used to identify the cause.
Excludes: neonatal aspiration syndrome ( P24. -)

J69.0 Pneumonitis caused by food and vomit
Aspiration pneumonia (caused):
NOS
food (with regurgitation)
gastric juice
milk
vomit
Excludes: Mendelssohn's syndrome ( J95.4)
J69.1 Pneumonitis caused by inhalation of oils and essences. Fat pneumonia
J69.8 Pneumonitis caused by other solids and liquids. Pneumonitis caused by aspiration of blood

J70 Respiratory conditions due to other external agents

An additional external cause code (class XX) is used to identify the cause.

J70.0 Acute pulmonary manifestations caused by radiation. Radiation pneumonitis
J70.1 Chronic and other pulmonary manifestations caused by radiation. Fibrosis of the lung due to radiation
J70.2 Acute drug-induced interstitial pulmonary disorders
J70.3 Chronic interstitial lung disorders caused by drugs
J70.4 Pulmonary interstitial disorders due to drugs, unspecified
J70.8 Respiratory conditions due to other specified external agents
J70.9 Respiratory conditions due to unspecified external agents

OTHER RESPIRATORY DISEASES MAINLY AFFECTING
INTERSTITIAL TISSUE (J80-J84)

J80 Adult respiratory distress [distress] syndrome

Hyaline membrane disease in an adult

J81 Pulmonary edema

Acute pulmonary edema. Pulmonary congestion (passive)
Excludes: hypostatic pneumonia ( J18.2)
pulmonary edema:
chemical (acute) ( J68.1)
caused by external agents ( J60-J70)
mentioning heart disease NOS or heart failure ( I50.1)

J82 Pulmonary eosinophilia, not elsewhere classified

J84 Other interstitial lung diseases

Excludes: drug-induced interstitial lung disease ( J70.2-J70.4)
interstitial emphysema ( J98.2)
lung diseases caused by external agents ( J60-J70)
human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] lymphoid interstitial pneumonitis ( B22.1)

J84.0 Alveolar and parieto-alveolar disorders. Alveolar proteinosis. Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis
J84.1 Other interstitial lung diseases with mention of fibrosis
Diffuse pulmonary fibrosis. Fibrosing alveolitis (cryptogenic). Hamman-Rich Syndrome
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Excludes: pulmonary fibrosis (chronic):
caused by the inhalation of chemicals,
gases, fumes or vapors ( J68.4)
caused by radiation ( J70.1)
J84.8 Other specified interstitial lung diseases
J84.9 Interstitial lung disease, unspecified. Interstitial pneumonia NOS

PURULENT AND NECROTISE CONDITIONS OF THE LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT (J85-J86)

J85 Lung and mediastinal abscess

J85.0 Gangrene and necrosis of the lung
J85.1 Lung abscess with pneumonia
Excluded: with pneumonia due to a specified pathogen ( J10-J16)
J85.2 Lung abscess without pneumonia. Lung abscess NOS
J85.3 Mediastinal abscess

J86 Pyothorax

Included: abscess:
pleura
chest
empyema
pyopneumothorax
If necessary, to identify the pathogen, use an additional code ( B95-B97).
Excluded: due to tuberculosis ( A15-A16)

J86.0 Pyothorax with fistula
J86.9 Pyothorax without fistula

OTHER DISEASES OF THE PLEURA (J90-J94)

J90 ​​Pleural effusion, not elsewhere classified

Pleurisy with effusion
Excludes: chyle (pleural) effusion ( J94.0)
pleurisy NOS ( R09.1)
tuberculosis ( A15-A16)

J91* Pleural effusion in conditions classified elsewhere

J92 Pleural plaque

Inclusions: pleural thickening

J92.0 Pleural plaque with mention of asbestosis
J92.9 Pleural plaque with no mention of asbestosis. Pleural plaque NOS

J93 Pneumothorax

Excludes: pneumothorax:
congenital or perinatal ( P25.1)
traumatic ( S27.0)
tuberculosis (current case) ( A15-A16) pyopneumothorax ( J86. -)

J93.0 Spontaneous tension pneumothorax
J93.1 Other spontaneous pneumothorax
J93.8 Other pneumothorax
J93.9 Pneumothorax, unspecified

J94 Other disorders of pleura

Excludes: pleurisy NOS ( R09.1)
traumatic:
hemopneumothorax ( S27.2)
hemothorax ( S27.1)
tuberculous lesion of the pleura (current case) ( A15-A16)

J94.0 Chylous effusion. Chile-like effusion
J94.1 fibrothorax
J94.2 Hemothorax. Hemopneumothorax
J94.8 Other specified pleural conditions. hydrothorax
J94.9 Pleural lesion, unspecified

OTHER RESPIRATORY DISEASES (J95-J99)

J95 Respiratory disorders following medical procedures, not elsewhere classified

Excludes: emphysema (subcutaneous) post-procedural ( T81.8)
pulmonary manifestations caused by radiation ( J70.0-J70.1)

J95.0 Tracheostomy dysfunction
Bleeding from the tracheostomy. Blockage of the tracheostomy airway. Sepsis tracheostomy
Tracheoesophageal fistula due to tracheostomy
J95.1 Acute pulmonary insufficiency after thoracic surgery
J95.2 Acute pulmonary insufficiency after non-thoracic surgery
J95.3 Chronic lung failure due to surgery
J95.4 Syndrome Mendelssohn
Excludes: complicating:
childbirth and childbirth O74.0)
pregnancy ( O29.0)
postpartum period ( O89.0)
J95.5 Stenosis under the vocal apparatus itself after medical procedures
J95.8 Other respiratory disorders after medical procedures
J95.9 Respiratory disorder following medical procedures, unspecified

J96 Respiratory failure, not elsewhere classified

Excludes: cardiorespiratory failure ( R09.2)
post-procedure respiratory failure ( J95. -)
stop breathing ( R09.2)
respiratory distress syndrome [distress]:
in an adult ( J80)
in a newborn P22.0)

J96.0 Acute respiratory failure
J96.1 Chronic respiratory failure
J96.9 Respiratory failure, unspecified

J98 Other respiratory disorders

Excludes: apnea:
NOS ( R06.8)
in a newborn P28.4)
during sleep ( G47.3)
in a newborn P28.3)

J98.0 Diseases of the bronchi, not elsewhere classified
Broncholithiasis)
Calcification) bronchi
stenosis)
ulcer)
Tracheobronchial(th):
collapse
dyskinesia
J98.1 Lung collapse. Atelectasis. collapsed lung
Excludes: atelectasis (y):
newborn ( P28.0-P28.1)
tuberculosis (current disease) ( A15-A16)
J98.2 Interstitial emphysema. Mediastinal emphysema
Excludes: emphysema:
NOS ( J43.9)
in the fetus and newborn P25.0)
surgical (subcutaneous) ( T81.8)
traumatic subcutaneous ( T79.7)
J98.3 Compensatory emphysema
J98.4 Other lung lesions
Calcification of the lung. Cystic lung disease (acquired). Lung disease NOS. Pulmolithiasis
J98.5 Diseases of the mediastinum, not elsewhere classified
headings
Fibrosis)
Hernia) mediastinum
offset)
Mediastinitis
Excludes: mediastinal abscess ( J85.3)
J98.6 Diseases of the diaphragm. Diaphragm. Diaphragm paralysis. Diaphragm relaxation
Excludes: congenital defect of diaphragm NEC ( Q79.1)
diaphragmatic hernia ( K44. -)
congenital ( Q79.0)
J98.8 Other specified respiratory disorders
J98.9 Respiratory disorder, unspecified. Respiratory disease (chronic) NOS

J99* Respiratory disorders in diseases classified elsewhere

J99.0* Rheumatoid lung disease ( M05.1+)
J99.1* Respiratory disorders in other diffuse connective tissue disorders
Respiratory disorders with:
dermatomyositis ( M33.0-M33.1+)
polymyositis ( M33.2+)
dry syndrome [Sjögren] ( M35.0+)
system(ohm):
lupus erythematosus ( M32.1+)
sclerosis ( M34.8+)
Wegener's granulomatosis ( M31.3+)
J99.8* Respiratory disorders in other diseases classified elsewhere
Respiratory disorders with:
amoebiasis ( A06.5+)
ankylosing spondylitis ( M45+)
cryoglobulinemia ( D89.1+)
sporotrichosis ( B42.0+)
syphilis ( A52.7+)