The roof is one of the most important elements in the construction of a house. For this reason, it is important that it be reliable and perfectly protect against negative external facts.
Proper roof design will reliably protect the house from adverse weather conditions. But be that as it may, over time, even high-quality materials become unusable, and in order to restore the functions of this important structural element of the building, repairs have to be made. In some cases, it may be necessary to replace roofing materials or overhaul on your own.
How to repair the roof of the house: the preparatory stage
Before you start repairing the roof, it is necessary to assess its condition. First you need to inspect the structure from the inside, check the strength of the flooring and the condition of the rafters. Then you can proceed to inspect the outer surface of the roof.
It is important to pay attention not only to the condition of the material, but also to the joints of the coating elements, and how tightly they adjoin the pipe, ventilation system or ridge. After a preliminary inspection, it is necessary to make a decision on the upcoming costs and scope of repairs.
If you only have emergency repairs of the roof of the house, which involves the restoration of heavily damaged areas, then it can be done even without the help of a specialist. Current repairs require the replacement of 10 to 40% of the roofing area and in some cases require the intervention of specialists. During major repairs (more than 40% of the roof), it may be necessary to dismantle large areas or even completely replace the coating and other roof elements.
In the case of partial repair of the roof of an apartment building, it is carefully inspected for damage and replacement of materials is carried out in these places.
Basic safety rules
When working on the roof, you must be as careful as possible. If you get dizzy from height, it is better to entrust this matter to specialists.
If, despite the fear of heights, you decide to do everything yourself, then you should adhere to the following recommendations:- Do not work when the work is bad, be it wind or rain. It is dangerous to carry out work on the roof, as the roofing material becomes slippery and you may fall.
- Clothing during work should be loose, and shoes not slippery.
- It is better to have a ladder with a margin of length. It must be stable and well fixed.
- Move only in the middle of the stairs, without catching its sides.
- Get a partner on the team. In which case, he will always insure you, give you a tool and will be useful in cases where it is difficult to do the work alone.
- When making repairs to the roof, it is necessary that the ladder has brackets that will be convenient to fix it to the ridge. This is necessary so that the load during the work is distributed as evenly as possible.
If suddenly you cannot get close to the damaged section of the roof and it is almost inaccessible, for example, if you need to repair the roof on the balcony, then it is better to leave this idea.
It is not worth risking your life if you are not sure that you can cope with the task. It is better to entrust this process to specialists working at height, for example, industrial climbers.
How to repair the roof of a house from ceramic tiles?
There are many reasons why you may need to change your tiles. However, the most common is that cracks form on the surface of this material, through which water enters the room. They can appear during strong temperature changes, when the roofing is sharply unclenched or compressed.
Another common reason is that the mortars used to fix the shingles expand over time.
In the first case, the roof structure needs to be securely fastened. You can strengthen the rafters with wooden bars. In this case, it is better to cover the cracks with cement mortar.
In the second case, you need to replace the old crumbled solution. Its composition may be as follows: 2 shares of sand and 1 share of lime. To achieve a better binding effect, tow fibers are added to the solution.
When planning to repair a garage roof repair, use roll materials, but in addition to them, you will need a gas burner, a knife, a rope, a gas bottle and a ladder.
But the main cause of leaks is the rupture of the waterproofing layer, which is laid during installation between the laid crate and rafters. Tiles are attached to the top. Such defects can be eliminated as follows:
- Using a tool such as a trowel, in the place where you need to carry out repairs, you need to remove those pieces of the roof that should be replaced. After that, hammer small wedges under the tiles on top.
- Next, pull the fasteners from the rails on the truss structure, insert a thick piece of cardboard under the rails, and then cut with a saw in the places of damage.
- After lengthy manipulations with a construction knife, you can cut off that part of the waterproofing that was damaged, and then apply a large patch, gluing its edges with a special polymer-based adhesive.
- As for the repair of the seam roof, it is often required when there are leaks in the places where smoke passes, leaks in the seams or deflection of the roofing material.
- Then you need to measure the gaps between the cut ends of the beam, and then cut the missing parts. Do not forget to soak them with an antiseptic. After processing, nail new fragments using anti-corrosion nails.
- The final stage is the return to its place of new shards of roofing material.
How to repair sheet metal roofing
There can be many reasons that can harm a metal roof. This may be metal corrosion, poor sealing during the processing of seams on a bonded coating. But in any case, if damage is detected, it is necessary to take measures to eliminate them, that is, to proceed with the repair of the roof. Otherwise, in the future it will turn into serious problems for you.
How to repair a seam roof
If you find any defects in the sheet roofing, then you need to start fixing them as soon as possible. If this is damage from metal corrosion, then it is necessary to exclude the moment of its spread to other sections of the roof.
With minor problems, the roof can be repaired as follows:
- clean the repaired area from damage using a steel brush;
- it is necessary to cut a patch from a metal sheet, but with a margin so that it is larger than the defect area;
- further, where the damage has occurred, its edges and the edges of the patch must be covered with a special flux, which includes zinc and lead, and then solder them with a reliable soldering iron;
- as soon as the applied patch has cooled down, it is worth cutting off the excess solder with a file or plaster;
- so that the repaired area does not stand out, we recommend applying facade paint (in one layer) to match the color of the roof.
If the damage is not very large, it is better to completely replace the sheets of corrugated board where they are damaged.
How to repair the roof of a house from a metal tile
As a rule, the leakage of a metal tile roof is due to corrosion, errors in its laying, and also often in cases where the fasteners are not fixed firmly enough and become loose. It is possible that the damage appeared as a result of cleaning the coating.
In the event that scratches were found on the tiles, they must be eliminated in a timely manner using a special paint. Having found the gaps in the gaps between the grooved elements and the metal part of the structure, and in some cases under the skates, they must be filled with silicone sealant.
As for the through hole, it is easy to fix it with a patch and a soldering iron. If there are many reasons, it is necessary to replace all damaged sheets.
In most cases, fasteners become loose because they are of poor quality, which means that special attention should be paid to their choice. Then it can expand, just like washers made of rubber don't last long and still get loose. In this case, do not try to fix the failed washers, but use a new mount.
If leaks in the seam roof seams are detected, repairs are carried out using self-adhesive tapes.
More effort will be required if the "pie" from the roof itself was not made correctly. Usually, specially insulated pitched roofs leak quite often, as a result of the use of inexpensive vapor barrier materials. Materials such as perforated film, although inexpensive, do not remove moisture that accumulates in it.
This problem can be solved by replacing the old film with a more modern material, for example, a diffused membrane. It perfectly protects the insulation from moisture penetration. However, it is worth recognizing that this method is not cheap, since in this case all coatings will have to be changed, which can cause significant financial costs.
How to repair a shingle roof
Such a material, first of all, is good because bitumen is a universal material, which makes it easy to replace all sheets and tiles. However, weather conditions must be fully consistent with the work performed. The air temperature at which repairs can be carried out must not be less than +5°C.
This limitation is associated with the physical properties of bitumen. In the case of severe frost, such material becomes brittle and may crack. If cracks appear on the tile, then it is necessary to lift it and cover it with special roofing glue from the inside or use mastic. Then the tile must be pressed tightly and the outer part treated with the same composition.
- More serious defects can be completely eliminated by replacing the roofing.
- Using a small crowbar, you need to carefully lift the tile above, and then remove the one on which the damage is revealed.
- Nails fixing the damaged shard must be pulled out with a nail puller.
- Apply glue along the inner edge of the top edge.
- Insert it under the tile located a little higher in the top row. You need to fix it with small nails intended for the roof.
- The edges located below and above the one that has already been laid must be smeared with glue, and then pressed firmly.
Quality slate roof repairs
When planning the repair of a slate roof, you need to move along it as carefully as possible, since slate sheets are fragile and if they break, you can lose balance and fall.
When repairing a slate roof, it is better to use a special ladder-ladder, which ensures optimal distribution of the weight of the human body over the entire surface of the roof.
Repairing a slate roof is not difficult. If damage is detected, it can be closed with a cement-sand mortar (sand to cement ratio 1:2).
In case of mechanical damage, the seam roof is repaired by unbending the seams, inserting a new sheet, after which the seams are sealed.
Sometimes a method is used to restore the tightness of a slate coating using adhesive tape, which is based on butyl rubber. To do this, it is worth cleaning the area with a clean cloth, after wetting it with White alcohol or benzene.
First you need to cut off a piece of tape of the required size, then remove the protective paper and stick it on the crack. The crack itself should be closed by approximately 4-5 cm. On the front side, it is usually covered with a non-woven durable material, which is dyed in the required color so that there are no noticeable repaired areas. For such purposes, a special paint intended for roofs is used.
If you notice that the slate roof has begun to “knock”, check for a loose fastener. You need to fix them with screws or change them to new ones with a fairly wide hat. When removing old nails, keep an even load between adjacent waves.
It is worth cleaning a slate roof from snow or debris with a broom or a soft brush. Even careful cleaning with a wooden or iron shovel can damage slate.
Completion of the repair
After the repair is completed, take care of removing debris and other waste from the roof and around the house. It is good if you carry out waterproofing prophylaxis with the help of special glue or resin, namely, carefully treat the areas around manholes, pipes, antennas. To update the color of certain elements of the roof in hardware stores, you will find various paints designed for this purpose.
If a patch was made during the repair of the seam roof, we recommend using a tool that will age the metal, as a result of which the patch will not stand out against the background of the roof.
The most suitable time to carry out repairs is autumn or spring, when it is warm, dry, but not hot outside. This is a convenient time for preventive maintenance and inspection of the roof.
Carefully read our materials, follow the instructions, and your roof will be a reliable protection for households from bad weather.
Many owners of private houses are faced with a rather unpleasant problem that can arise at any time - this is a leaking roof. Of course, repairing the roof of a private house is a rather serious problem, so it must be solved as soon as possible, otherwise it can lead to more significant significant troubles in the house.
To solve this problem, you can, of course, turn to the services of professional specialists who will do everything quickly and efficiently, but in this case you will have to spend a significant amount of money. And you can do everything yourself.
As a rule, the majority chooses the second option, while solving this problem will require a lot of effort and spend a lot of time and patience. This article will help you in solving the problem that has arisen, where there will be a lot of useful information.
Roof preview
First of all, the overhaul of the roof must begin with an inspection, to find out the degree of damage to the roof and its scale. It is preferable to inspect in rainy weather, when you can see the places of leakage. And only after a complete inspection of the rafters, waterproofing, it is possible to draw any conclusions on the restoration work.
It is necessary to carefully and carefully check everything so as not to lose sight of anything. So, for example, you need to carefully inspect all wooden elements for the presence of dark and damp spots, which is a sign of constant moisture.
Particular attention should be paid to the roof, because the main problem of leakage comes precisely because of its wear or damage.
Further inspection must be carried out from the outside for damage. The first step is to turn your attention to the uppermost part of the roof - the ridge, visually inspect it whether it is intact and in what condition its moisture-proof layer is.
After that, you need to inspect the junctions of the roof to the sewer storm pipes, since these places are the most vulnerable.
At the same time, it is also necessary to check and inspect the condition of the metal aprons on the pipes. After that, it is necessary to inspect the entire gutter, they may be clogged with foliage or tree branches that need to be removed.
Causes of a leaking roof
A roof can leak for several reasons:
- violation of the hermetic integrity of the roof;
- depressurization may occur at the joints of the roofing material;
- possible damage to the drainage system.
These are the most common and common causes of roof leaks, and this is where the problem lies in most cases.
Repair and restoration of rafters
The rafter system of the roof is very important - this is due to the fact that the rafters take on almost all the main load of gravity from the roof, as well as from the severity of the snow cover, from the flow of rain and squally gusts of wind.
Therefore, if there is any noticeable damage to the rafters, they must be repaired immediately or additionally reinforced with wooden linings.
If the rafter is rotten almost to the middle, then in this case it is necessary to remove the rotten part, and instead mount a metal prosthesis.
At the same time, while this prosthesis is being prepared, wooden block spacers or racks are temporarily installed under the rafters. When the prosthesis is installed on the rafter, then all this is removed.
Replacement and restoration of waterproofing and thermal insulation
It happens that due to the prolonged leakage of the roof, the insulation becomes unusable, as a result of which it loses its thermal insulation properties. Therefore, it must be replaced immediately.
At the same time, it is necessary to check each tile of the insulation by touch, if it is damaged or wet, then it is certainly necessary to replace it with a new one.
Secrets of repair work with roofing materials
metal tile
The metal tile is a fairly high-quality roofing material, however, even such a coating can become unusable over time.
And the first signs that this coating needs to be repaired: there is rust on the sheets of metal tiles, signs of paint peeling are visible on the sheets and there are visible deflections, cracks and chips on the roof.
All this indicates an urgent repair of this coating. Replacing a sheet of metal tiles is not at all difficult. In this case, it is enough to unscrew the screws with a screwdriver and remove the damaged sheet and replace it with a new one.
Steel seam roof
Steel seam roofing is a fairly common type of roofing, and is also considered one of the most reliable and durable roofing materials. But even this type of roof can be damaged, requiring urgent replacement or current repairs.
As a rule, for this it is enough that large gaps begin to appear in the steel roof, in which case repair work can be dispensed with. Here, gaps can be sealed with a special waterproof silicone sealant.
If the roof has damage to the paintwork, in this case the damaged surface is cleaned of old paint, then it is degreased, and only after that paint of the corresponding color can be applied to the roof surface.
If the rotten sections of the roof are not significant, then in this case it is allowed to lay a new sheet of steel on the damaged area and securely fix it using seam joints.
Slate
Slate is the cheapest and most common type of roofing material. However, it is considered the most problematic among all types of roofing.
The most common and frequent damage to this type of roof is cracks and chips. Therefore, if a sheet with such signs of damage is found, it must be replaced.
In this case, it is necessary to lift the nails a little higher on adjacent sheets of slate so that it is possible to remove the damaged sheet and put a new one in its place.
Repair of the roof of an apartment building
But repairing the roof of an apartment building is a rather complicated and lengthy process. It is not difficult to determine the places of damage to the roof on multi-storey buildings, it is important to visually inspect the entire surface of the roof.
As a rule, all multi-storey buildings have roofing material as a roof. Therefore, it should not have breaks and damage, if there are such signs, then the damaged area must be removed or, if possible, smoothed out with a gas heater. After that, bitumen or a new piece of roofing material must be applied to this area.
Of course, the cost of roof repairs can be different, it all depends on the degree and scale of damage. You can, for example, get away with replacing one sheet of slate, or you can replace almost the entire roof entirely.
Therefore, in order not to incur large financial costs, it is necessary to inspect the condition of the roofing once a year in order to prevent major repairs to the roof.
It should be noted that the condition of the house depends on the condition of the roof. It is impossible to debug the repair of the roof for later, if the situation requires it. If you do everything yourself, but you have any difficulties or questions, you can see how it is done in the roof repair photo. Perhaps this will help you solve your problem.
Roof repair photo
Cracks, holes, punctures and other damage to roofing are serious problems that need to be addressed before they cause more serious damage. Dampness and stains on the ceiling are only a small part of what leaks in the roof can lead to.
House roof repair
Problems relating to the construction of the roof and roofing are quite regular situations that can be solved without resorting to the help of specialists. To find out what technical condition the roof of the building is in, it is necessary to conduct a visual inspection of its structure.
To do this, you need to go up to the attic and carefully examine the space around, the truss system, the crate and other structural elements. As a rule, if the roof leaks, then already during the inspection you can feel the persistent smell of dampness. In turn, due to constant dampness and moisture, the supporting elements of the roof will be affected by mold.
It is better to carry out a roof revision in rainy weather - this will allow you to more accurately determine the places where the roof is leaking. If there are no signs of damage to the roof, and the walls and ceiling in the house are still damp, then the cause should be looked for among possible problems in the water supply and central heating system.
Roof repair must begin with an inspection of the inter-attic space and the existing roof structure.
The most common reasons why it is necessary to carry out current or major repairs of the roof include:
- violation of the integrity of the roofing - cracks, ruptures, dents and other mechanical damage received during snow removal, cleaning of the roofing, etc. As a rule, leaks and damage to the heat-insulating cake occur due to mechanical damage;
- depressurization of the joints of the roofing carpet - loss of tightness of the joints of the roofing with adjacent elements: chimney, walls, parapet, antennas. If the laying technology is violated, depressurization of the seams between the roofing sheets is possible;
- damage to the drainage system - partial or complete failure of the roof drainage system. Usually, drainage problems are observed on flat roofs, when water simply stagnates on the roof surface. As a result, both damage to the roofing and moisture to the load-bearing walls of the building can occur.
When inspecting the roof, remember that the leak may not be where water seeps through the roofing cake and drips onto the attic floor. This is due to the design features of pitched roofs, due to which water can freely flow through the rafter system.
Current roof repair
The current repair of the roof is the restoration of the structure and the elimination of local damage to the roof. Usually needed when the area of damage is small compared to the total area of the roof. All maintenance work can be done independently. This allows you to significantly save on labor costs. Instead, you can choose better materials.
The current repair of the roof is aimed at eliminating local damage to the roofing
Roof maintenance includes the following types of work:
- replacement of the damaged section of the roofing carpet;
- restoration of the tightness of the connecting seam between the various elements of the roof structure;
- patch repair aimed at covering leaky areas of the coating;
- single replacement of elements of the truss system;
- roof drainage system repair.
To perform current repairs, various materials are used, the choice of which directly depends on the design of the roof. For example, for the repair of pitched bituminous roofs, bitumen-rolled coatings are used. When repairing roofs, coverings with metal tiles, galvanized sheet metal or tile elements similar in color are used.
Overhaul is carried out in cases where more than 40% of the roof surface has damage of a different nature. If the roof structure is a rafter system, a heat-insulating cake, vapor barrier and roofing, then a complete replacement of one of the roof elements is carried out only after a scheduled inspection.
It is better to entrust major repairs to qualified workers who can not only carry out repair work, but also eliminate the cause of damage or errors made in the design of the roof structure.
Major repairs of the roof are carried out in the case when more than 40% of the roofing surface is damaged
Major repairs are necessary in the following cases:
- inconsistency of roofing material with the type of roof;
- mistakes made when laying the roofing cake;
- step discrepancy between rafter supports;
- the presence of problems with the installation of the crate;
- partial or complete lack of roof ventilation;
- violation of the technology of laying and fixing roofing;
- oversights made during the adjoining of the roofing to various communications;
- errors in the design of the drainage system.
It should be noted that major repairs are carried out only in cases where the implementation of local repairs is impossible or will not bring results. For example, if there is damage to the gable roof truss system, coupled with damage to the roofing pie, then current repairs are impossible. In this case, a complete enumeration of the heat-insulating layer, replacement of leaky rafter legs, as well as a complete replacement of the roofing on one of the roof slopes will be required.
When performing a major overhaul, it should be borne in mind that roof damage is not always associated with a violation of the technology for working with roofing materials or errors in calculations. Sometimes roof damage is caused by increased soil mobility. Because of this, the bearing elements of the structure are displaced and the rafter legs are skewed, as a result of which there is a depressurization of the connecting seams and damage to the coating.
Rafter system repair
The rafter system is used to create pitched roofs. It includes vertical racks, inclined rafter legs and struts. All elements of the system are responsible for the bearing capacity of the pitched roof. With the help of the truss system, the roof structure is able to withstand the load exerted by the roofing material, the volume of snow lying on it, as well as the flows of flowing water and gusts of strong wind.
Moisture on the rafter legs, racks and struts leads to the formation of mold and rot
Therefore, it is important to carry out a scheduled inspection of the truss system and, even if there are minor damages, carry out local repairs. Otherwise, not only the roof itself, but also the supporting elements of the structure may suffer.
The general technology for repairing the truss system is as follows:
During work, it is recommended to substitute temporary supports under the repaired rafter legs or racks - for this, it is better to work with a partner. After replacing the damaged elements, the insulating materials are laid back, the battens and roofing are installed. If these elements of the cake were also damaged, then they are partially or completely replaced.
Roof deck repair
The roof sheathing consists of edged boards or sheets of moisture-resistant material laid perpendicular to the rafter legs. Sheathing boards are laid with a certain step, which is calculated in advance based on the expected load of the roofing material and snow masses.
Solid roof sheathing is made of OSB-boards or moisture-resistant plywood
The main problem affecting the integrity of the lathing elements is moisture entering through damage to the roofing material. Therefore, the repair of the lathing is carried out in conjunction with the restoration or complete replacement of the roofing.
To repair the crate, you will need to do the following:
As mentioned above, the sheathing boards must be laid at intervals, the size of which depends on the angle of the roof. For example, for pitched roofs with a slope of 5–10 degrees, the lathing must be solid and can be made of moisture-resistant plywood or OSB. When laying roofing, the overlap between adjacent sheets must be at least 300 mm.
Roof eaves repair
Roof eaves or overhangs prevent running water from getting under the roof covering, onto load-bearing walls, windows and other building elements. Additionally, cornices provide ventilation of the under-roof space.
Structurally, the roof cornices are formed by protruding the rafter legs at a certain distance. On the front side of the building, cornices are formed due to the protrusion of the truss system beyond the bearing wall.
For filing roof eaves, it is better to use vinyl or steel siding.
Repair of cornices, as a rule, is associated with the replacement of sheathing material. Basically, either elements of vinyl and metal siding, or an ordinary edged board treated with an antiseptic are used for this.
Replacing the skin is carried out according to the reverse technology. First, the finishing bar is dismantled, and only then the plastic or metal soffit. In the case of a board, it is enough to dismantle the damaged boards and replace them with new ones. When working with wood, remember that any structural element must be treated with two layers of water-repellent impregnation.
Roof Repair Materials
Various materials are used for roof repair, from bituminous mastic to create a seamless roofing carpet and ending with high-strength sealant used to seal metal roofs.
Adhesives for sealing
Adhesive compositions for sealing are used in the construction of both flat and pitched roofs. Used for sealing joints between sheets, canvases and various elements of roofing. Additionally, they can be used to eliminate gaps when laying materials near chimneys, drains, ventilation openings and other communications.
Sealing tape or tape sealant is used to repair minor damage on bituminous rolled roofing.
Conventionally, adhesive compositions for sealing joints can be divided into the following types:
Roof Repair Mastic
Bitumen mastic is a viscous plastic mass consisting of finely dispersed fillers and special additives, rubber, various resins and plasticizers. It is used both for waterproofing various surfaces, and for the installation of full-fledged roofs. For example, in order to seal a flat roof for technical and storage rooms.
One-component bituminous mastic is used to repair localized damage on a flat rolled or soft roof.
Bituminous mastic is characterized by increased elasticity, resistance to low and high temperatures, good adhesion to concrete and metal, as well as resistance to vibrations and weak mechanical stress.
Depending on the composition, bituminous mastic is divided into the following types:
Any bituminous mastic allows you to create a seamless monolithic roofing sheet that reliably protects the roof structure and interior from dampness and moisture. In addition, mastics are ideal for local repairs of bituminous flat roofs.
Among the disadvantages of these compositions, it can be noted that repair work is possible only on a sunny day, when the likelihood of precipitation is minimal. In addition, in the absence of work experience, it will be quite difficult to control the thickness of the bitumen layer, which may affect the final result.
metal roof sealant
For the repair of metal roofs, a sealant based on bitumen or silicone is used. It is a water resistant compound based on bituminous elastomers that can be used even in high humidity conditions. The composition is resistant to UV rays and can be applied both at low temperatures up to -35 ° C, and at high heating to temperatures above 100 ° C.
Bituminous sealant eliminates minor damage to metal tiles and other metal roofing
Other benefits of this sealant include:
- excellent adhesion to most materials used for roofing;
- ease of application - the composition does not spread, does not drip and easily penetrates even into small cracks;
- environmental friendliness - bituminous sealant does not contain asbestos and other highly toxic substances.
When working with this type of sealant, there are several restrictions that are usually indicated on the packaging. For example, once applied, the sealant must not be painted over with organic solvent based paint. It is also not recommended to use it in conjunction with foam insulation, which is often used for thermal insulation of roofs.
Metal Roof Paint
The use of metal as a roof covering is a very good choice, especially when you want to get a durable coating that does not require seasonal repairs. But the metal itself is susceptible to moisture and corrosion.
Therefore, to protect metal roofing, special paints are used, which can increase the service life of the product by 2-3 times. This also applies to galvanized steel roofs. By itself, galvanizing copes well with corrosion, but even a slight damage to the front layer can lead to damage to the whole sheet of material.
To protect the metal roof, it is painted with special enamels that protect the surface from mechanical damage and prevent the development of corrosion.
For painting metal roofs, a variety of paints and varnishes are used. The most common enamels marked EP-1236, EP-1333 and EP-140 M. These compositions are suitable for painting aluminum, copper, galvanized and other surfaces. They are characterized by high UV resistance, resistance to mechanical stress and a wide choice of colors.
If it is necessary to use compositions with high adhesion, it is recommended to purchase enamels marked AK-06, AK-070M and XC-5146. To obtain the required consistency, you can use the P-5A solvent.
Roof Repair Methods
Roof repair work can be done independently. Especially if the owner of the house already has experience with roofing materials, bituminous mastic or sealant. In other cases, it is better not to take risks and entrust the repair of the roof to professionals.
Roof repair with liquid rubber
Liquid rubber is a water-based bitumen-polymer composition, which is applied using special equipment and a spray gun. With its help, you can create a seamless roofing carpet. It is mainly used in cases where the use of rolled or metal roofing materials is not possible due to their higher weight.
Liquid rubber can be applied both with hand tools and special high-pressure units
Among domestic manufacturers, liquid rubber under the Technoprok trademark can be noted. The composition is a two-component mixture and is widely used for flat roofing in the industrial sector.
Roof repair technology using liquid rubber consists of the following steps:
Video: spraying liquid rubber on the roof
Roof repair with roofing bitumen
Building bitumen is used for flat roofs, as well as their waterproofing after the arrangement of a concrete screed. Currently, it is rarely used for roof repairs, as there are simpler and more economical materials. Despite this, it is widely used for the production of roofing materials, including bituminous mastic and bitumen roll coatings.
Roofing bitumen is available in ingots of various sizes, which are melted before being applied to the work surface.
The technology of work with roofing bitumen is as follows:
- The damaged area of the roofing must be cleaned of dirt and dust. If the area of damage is extensive (more than 40%), then it will be necessary to completely dismantle the upper waterproofing layer.
- After dismantling and garbage collection, it is required to determine the technical condition of the concrete screed. If the concrete layer does not have pronounced damage in the form of cracks and chips, then the surface is additionally cleaned and prepared for further work.
- If the concrete screed is severely damaged, it must be dismantled with a construction tool. For this, a jackhammer, a puncher and a grinder with a disc for concrete are used.
The damaged screed is broken with a perforator
- After dismantling the screed, the work surface is cleaned again. Further, a heat-insulating material up to 10 cm thick is laid on the roof surface. For this, extruded polystyrene foam or polystyrene is used.
Under the new screed, insulation from modern composite materials is laid.
- Linear guides are installed on top of the insulation in increments of 60–70 cm. After that, the concrete mixture is mixed based on M300 cement. To improve the strength properties of concrete, fiber is used, which is added to the mixture during mixing.
- A concrete screed up to 8–10 cm thick is poured. A wooden or metal rule is used to distribute concrete. After pouring, the screed is covered with a tarpaulin or polyethylene. In the process of drying, it must be moistened 2-3 times a day.
A new concrete screed is poured onto the insulation layer
- After 25-28 days, you can start waterproofing the roof with bitumen. To do this, you need to make a small fire near the place of repair work and melt the bitumen. For the preparation of the bituminous mixture, bitumen with the BNK 90/30 marking is used.
It is convenient to distribute bitumen over the roof surface using wooden trowels and metal scrapers.
- Bitumen is applied after its complete melting. Bitumen is applied evenly. For spreading, a hard-haired roller and a metal scraper with a long handle are used.
If possible, it is better to use liquid modified bitumen for repairs.
Video: melting bitumen to make mastic
Roof repair technology with mastic
The process of repairing a roof using bituminous mastic is in many ways similar to the technology for applying liquid rubber. Bitumen mastic, depending on the type, is one- or two-component.
One-component compositions, as a rule, are used in conjunction with bituminous roll and metal roofing. Two-component compositions are used for the device of flat mastic roofs.
To apply bituminous mastic, paint brushes and rollers with a hard bristle are used.
The general technology for repairing a roof with mastic is as follows:
- The surface of the roof, on which there are damages of a different nature, must be cleaned of dust, sand and other abrasive particles. To dry the damp roof, a building hair dryer or heat guns are used, which are located under a special canopy.
- Prepare bituminous mastic according to package instructions. As a rule, an electric drill with a mixer attachment is used for this. If required, the mastic is carefully heated to operating temperatures.
- Apply bituminous mastic to the cleaned roof surface. To do this, it must either be carefully poured onto the surface and spread with a scraper and roller, or applied as a paintwork with a brush and roller.
If the area of work is quite large, then it is possible to apply the mastic by airless spraying using a special spray gun. During the repair work, safety precautions must be observed. Mixing and distribution of mastic occurs only in gloves and goggles.
Video: repairing a metal roof with bituminous mastic
Roof repair is a long and labor-intensive process that requires an integrated approach. Major repairs can be avoided if you perform a routine inspection of the roof structure and fix the problems found in time. This is especially true for pitched roofs, when for revision it is enough just to go up to the attic and carefully examine the truss system for dampness and rot.
Water starts to seep in. All this has an extremely negative effect on storage conditions. Smudges provoke the appearance of fungus, mold, increase the overall humidity in the room. The car and other things run the risk of becoming unusable in a short time.
To prevent this, all emerging leaks must be promptly find and eliminate. Most often, the roof of the garage flows at the junction of slabs or roofing elements (rolls, panels, and so on). In addition, the edges of the roof are at risk. Water likes to seep along the walls into the garage.
Garage Roof Insulation
All roofs reinforce internal waterproofing. Without it, protection from precipitation will be inferior. For these purposes, various materials and methods are used. The most common are extruded foam and roofing material. The base and the roof sheathing are laid out with these materials. Attach them with glue or nails.
In addition, in order to create waterproofing we must not forget about the structural elements - a drainpipe, a ridge, and so on. Only all technical solutions in the complex guarantee the absence of water in the garage.
Surface integrity can be broken for many reasons. The most obvious two are wear of the coating and external influences.
The coating itself may lose its protective properties.
Each material has a certain service life.
Therefore, do not be surprised if the coating that has been laid 20 years ago, began to let water into the garage.
Covered with swellings and cracks from age.
This is usually the most likely prerequisite for starting a major overhaul.
The second reason is the physical impact on the surface, for example, in strong winds, branches or other objects can damage the roof. In this case, it is also impossible to do without repair, but you can limit yourself local. That is, do not change the entire canvas, but repair only the damaged areas.
In total, there are two main types of roofing - soft and tough. The difference lies in the materials used. For soft roofs, for example, ruberoid and its modern counterparts. When creating a hard roof, use corrugated board, slate. Small gaps (up to 5 millimeters) can be treated with construction foam.
But in case of large damage, a full repair should be done. Price repairing a garage roof largely depends on the scope of the work, the type of roofing and the chosen material. Let's consider some options.
Roll soft roof
If by junction of plates the roof is leaking in the garage, what to do in this case? If you find leaks, then, as always, repairing the roof of the garage roof must begin with preparatory phase. First of all, you should climb onto the roof and clean its surface of litter, dirt, leaves. Then assess the size of the damage.
If they are not very large, you can do without completely removing the roof canvas, stop at local repair. In this case, the damaged area is cut down with an ax. The edges are folded to the sides so that they do not interfere. The surface is dried from moisture with a burner. After that, you can lay the roll.
Often, for local repairs, car owners take the cheapest and most common roll material - ruberoid. It's perfect for covering a small area.
Several pieces are cut from the roll. The size of the pieces is determined based on the length and width of the damage.
Then ruberoid patch put in place of the leak. A layer is applied to a piece of roofing material mastics.
This renovation is almost complete. Bent edges are bent and sealed with them patch. Another piece of roofing material is laid on top.
But the dimensions of the second patch should be slightly larger than the first, add 10-20 centimeters in width and length.
Then again treated with resin or mastic. It is highly recommended to carry out such repairs in warm and dry weather. Instead of roofing material, you can take bicrost- a modern analogue of roofing material.
Bikrost has an increased service life, setting with the roof surface is much faster.
But all this is applicable for relatively small damage. What to do if during the inspection you find a lot of smudges, large-scale wear of the canvas, in this case, as repair garage roof? First you need to make a complete replacement garage roofs.
To do this, use an ax, a knife, cut the old rolls at the ends and tear them off the roof. Then the surface is prepared in the same way - cleaned and dried. After that it starts styling soft roof. The process is completely the same as laying from scratch. The most difficult and time-consuming repair will be a repair with a replacement battens. But this happens quite rarely, the garage must have a solid age for the crate to become unusable.
metal plating
The second type of coverage is hard roof. Metal rigid roofing is quite common and popular due to its low cost. Unfortunately, metal is more prone to corrosion than rolled synthetic materials.
How to fix a leak in the roof? To start the repair, they first carry out an assessment, determine how laborious the process will be. For small damages, cracks and smudges, it will be sufficient to use a special waterproofing paint, or “rubber” paint. Small cracks close up tow.
If holes were found during the inspection, then soft roll material should be used, for example, ruberoid.
It is laid directly on the roof surface, having previously cleaned it and prepared it.
How to fix the garage roof if there are large holes on the roof?
In this case, waterproofing paint and roofing material won't fit.
Roll materials sag in this area, poorly protected from precipitation.
To do this, a sheet of roofing iron is purchased in a hardware store, a metal patch is cut out with the desired dimensions. Attach the metal patch with self-tapping screws.
Slate
When repairing slate a big plus is its modularity. If the roof in the garage is leaking, then the damaged slate sheets can be easily removed and replaced with new ones. First, nails are removed from the sheets, old sheets are dismantled. After that they start styling. It is recommended to lay slate, starting from the bottom corner, and ending with the top.
It is desirable to withstand overlap(10-15 centimeters). Waves of sheets are stacked one on top of the other. All excess protrusions are cut off with a grinder. Nails are used for fastening. The occurrence of cracks is avoided by creating holes. Nails are driven into these holes. The edges of the roof are additionally protected with plastic overlays. They will prevent chips.
If the damage is not so significant, you can do without styling new sheets of slate.
How to fill the roof of the garage so that it does not leak? The surface is cleaned and the composition is kneaded. The composition includes PVA glue, cement, asbestos material. Three parts of asbestos are added to two parts of cement. Water and glue are poured into the resulting mixture, they are taken in proportion one to one.
The workpiece is mixed until a thick consistency is obtained. After that, the damaged slate is primed with PVA glue. The cracks are treated with the composition two or three times. Such repairs will extend the life of the roof covering by approximately for five years.
bituminous tiles
My garage roof is leaking, what should I do? Repair shingles not difficult.
Sheets that are damaged are removed along with the nails. To do this, use a conventional nail puller.
Care must be taken when pulling out the nails, otherwise normal tiles may be damaged.
After that, adjacent sheets are lifted to form free space.
A new sheet of shingles is laid on the damaged area, and it is fixed again with nails. It is advisable to do the work with a partner, as the sheets are quite heavy.
The complexity of the work depends on leak sizes, but in general, the repair looks exactly the same for any scale of damage. Particularly vulnerable places are joints with pipes and hoods.
To strengthen the protection of joints, use rolled bitumen and tin sheets. A tin patch is bent around the pipe and then wrapped in a roll of bitumen.
Conclusion
To ensure reliable protection of the garage from precipitation, several design solutions are used. The most important, of course, is the roofing and laying roofing materials. But the matter does not end there.
A full-fledged roof must be reinforced from the inside with an additional waterproofing layer. For this, apply ruberoid or extruded foam.
When repairing the roof of a garage with their own hands, roofing material is actively used. It is used on roofs with a soft roll roof and on metal roofs. For metal roofs, roofing material is suitable only for small smudges and holes. Otherwise, it's better to use metal patch. It is cut out of the sheet, and then fixed to the damaged place with self-tapping screws.
Useful video
Watch a video about repairing the roof of a concrete garage:
The roof of the garage is leaking, what should I do? Watch the video below and learn about proper roof repair:
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