What roofing materials are available. Choosing a roofing material for a roof: a comparative review of hard coating options. Roof for a private house. Types of roofs by design

In individual construction, various types of roofs are used, and the choice is determined by various factors, including:

• decorative qualities and compliance with the chosen style of construction;
• smart house solution (including the geometric shape of the box, the presence of internal load-bearing walls, etc.);
• climatic features of the construction region;
• the level of complexity of installation;
• load on wall structures and foundation;
• the use of certain roofing materials;
• the possibility of insulating the structure, etc.

Main types of roofs

According to the design of the roof can be divided into two types:

• Attic roofs - with an overlap at the level of the upper part of the walls, which separates the space under the roof from the rooms located below. This is a classic option for cold climates, as the ceiling can be insulated to reduce heat loss at home. In addition, the space under the roof is suitable for use as an additional utility room or turning it into a living space (this requires insulating the roof system).
• Non-attic (combined) roofs - there is no additional ceiling covering, the ceiling of the lower floor is the roof structure itself, flat or pitched. It is more suitable for warm climates, as in harsh climates it is more difficult to prevent heat loss through such a roof.

attic roof

If we consider what types of roofs are according to the level of slope and roof configuration, we can distinguish systems:

In turn, pitched roofs by design are:

• lean-to;
• gable (gable);
• mansard (broken gable roofs);
• tented;
• hip and semi-hip;
• multi-forceps;
• conical;
• domed;
• combined;
• free outlines.

Each type of roof has its own advantages and disadvantages, operational features. Let's consider them in more detail.

flat roofs

For individual housing construction, flat roofs are uncharacteristic for a number of reasons, including:

• architectural inexpressiveness, when it comes to the construction of standard rectangular outlines;
• high requirements for roof waterproofing;
• the need for a high bearing capacity of the roofing system, when it comes to roofing in operation or construction in regions that are characterized by increased snow loads.

But today, flat roofs are increasingly being built by private developers. This is primarily due to the popularity of Art Nouveau, minimalism and high-tech styles. At the same time, for the architectural expressiveness of the building, a combination of volumes of various parts of the structure is usually used. Another reason for the growing interest in flat roofs is the emergence of durable and reliable waterproofing materials on the construction market.

flat roof house

The advantages of flat roofs include the possibility:

• equip a site for recreation, sports activities, etc.;
• create a winter garden or greenhouse;
• install a wind generator or other equipment to increase the comfort and economic efficiency of the house.

In addition, flat roofs are easier and safer to maintain - to clear snow, repair the roof or troubleshoot equipment installed on it.

Shed roofs

If we compare what are the roofs of houses and outbuildings, it can be noted that in the second case, shed roof systems are used more often. This type of roof is characterized by the simplest design - the rafter legs rest on the edges of the walls (or special supports) located at different heights. The angle of inclination of the slope depends on the height difference and the length of the span.

Shed roofs are most often installed on buildings of small size, since with a large roof area it is necessary to increase the angle of inclination in order to ensure effective drainage. And this turns into an increased windage of the roof.

If we are talking about a residential building, then for the architectural expressiveness of the building I often use the technique when two (or more) shed roofs over different parts of the building visually imitate a gable (or multi-gable) structure.

Shed roof

The benefits of pitched roofs include:

• simplicity of calculations and installation work;
• cost-effectiveness (minimum materials are used);
• light weight (suitable for buildings on lightweight foundations).

If the pitch angle is relatively small, roof maintenance is safer compared to other types of pitched structures.

The disadvantages of this type of system include the limited attic space - it is difficult to fully use it for economic purposes and it is more difficult to insulate it with high quality.

Gable structures

When answering the question of what kind of roofs there are on private houses, most people will first of all remember a gable roof, which is also called a gable roof. Its design is quite simple - two identical slopes rest with their lower part on opposite walls (or beams laid across them), and in the upper part they are connected in a ridge.

The advantage of this system is the following:

• the truss structure is quite easy to calculate and mount;
• the space under the slopes can be used for storing things or for other economic purposes, including for installing ventilation and other equipment;
• if desired, the attic is converted into a living space;
• due to the rather steep slope of the slopes (usually 15-60 degrees, depending on atmospheric loads in the region and the selected coating material), snow and rain moisture easily comes off the roof;
• financial investments in a gable structure are relatively small;
• a gable roof house looks aesthetically pleasing.

However, it is worth noting that a gable roof is suitable for relatively small buildings, since the roof area grows noticeably with an increase in the dimensions of the house box.

gable roof

Gable roofs are not only gable, that is, isosceles. To add individuality to the building, you can make an asymmetric roof, the slopes of which differ in size and angle of inclination. However, in this case, a professional calculation of the truss system is required, the load on which will be unevenly distributed.

Mansard roofs

Mansard roofs usually mean "broken" gable structures. In this case, each ramp consists of two parts located at different angles, with the lower one being mounted almost vertically. The peculiarity of the truss system is that it allows you to expand the usable space of the attic, as if continuing the walls of the house up.

The financial investment in this type of system is 25-30% higher than for the installation of a gable roof, but the gain in terms of the functionality of the building is much greater, since a full-fledged residential floor is practically added. And in comparison with the construction of a full-fledged two-story house, you can significantly save money, since the installation and insulation of the roofing system will cost much less than arranging a reinforced foundation and building walls on the second floor.

mansard roof

When arranging such a roof, it is important to consider the following points:

• insulation of the attic will reduce the heat loss of the lower rooms of the house, but the under-roof space needs high-quality ventilation, since the use of vapor-tight materials (a heat insulator made of foamed polymer or a special membrane that protects mineral wool from moisture) is inevitable;
• if windows are cut into the roof slopes, high-quality daylight can be provided;
• when using special furniture, you can maximize the use of space in the "dead" zones between the vertical walls of the room and the slopes.

A mansard roof can replace an existing gable roof, provided that the walls and foundation are able to withstand the increased load.

hipped roofs

Visually, the design is four identical isosceles triangles, the vertices of which converge at one point, and the bases lie on the walls of the building.

Hip roof

Hipped roofs (pyramidal) structures are ideal for erecting on houses whose box is square in shape. Their advantages include:

• high resistance to atmospheric loads;
• attractive appearance;
• the ability to use almost any roofing material.

The disadvantage is the increased requirements for system calculations and installation work. In order for the truss system to withstand loads and evenly distribute them to the walls of the house, its supporting frame must be made strictly symmetrical.

hip roofs

Hip structures primarily became widespread in Northern Europe, in areas characterized by strong winds and heavy rainfall. Like tent structures, hip systems have four slopes, but they are not the same, but are symmetrical in pairs. On the short sides of the house, the slopes are triangular, on the long sides they are trapezoidal, which converge in the ridge in the upper part.

The hip roof will not be torn off even by a heavy wind; due to long overhangs, it reliably protects the walls of the house from precipitation. The attic under such a roof is quite spacious, and if desired, it is possible to equip an attic there by installing windows in the roof.

A variety of hip structures is half-hip roofs. They differ in that the triangular slopes are approximately half as long as the lateral trapezoidal ones and open the upper part of the pediment. Such roofs are used on two-three-story buildings, in this case, the upper (mansard) floor has windows only on the gables, since the side parts are covered with a roof.

Half hip roof

Hip and semi-hip types of roofs for a private house are difficult to install, as they require increased accuracy when calculating the truss system and installing the frame. You should also take into account the increased consumption of materials for the construction of the frame and laying the roofing cake. But it is worth noting that buildings with such roofs look solid and respectable.

Multi-forceps designs

The original roof can be created by combining several gable structures with each other. The most common option is to install small gable roofs over skylights on the gables and roof slopes of the house. Also, separate gable roofs can be erected over each of the parts of the box of a house of complex configuration, which as a whole creates a unique ensemble.

It should be noted that the calculation and installation of multi-gable structures must be entrusted to professionals, since a complex truss system must correctly distribute the load on building structures.

Multi-gable roof

The weak point of multi-gable roofs is the waterproofing of valleys and junctions, which abound in the design. Such a roof requires increased attention during installation and the use of the most reliable waterproofing materials.

conical roofs

Such structures in a "solid" form are usually crowned with round or polygonal towers, round houses. Incomplete cones are used to create a roof over a protruding bay window, in which case it is especially difficult to pair the conical roof element with the roof truss system over the main part of the house.

conical roof

Not all roofing materials are suitable for arranging a coating on a conical roof. First of all, you can use:

• rolled bituminous materials with a decorative and protective coating;
• bituminous tiles;
• natural tiles;
• copper or wooden "scales";
• slate, limestone;
• reeds and other plant materials.

dome roofs

Understanding what roofs are on private houses, one cannot fail to mention domed roofs. There are two main varieties:

1. insulated roof (with window structures or "blind") as part of a domed house;
2. a panoramic glazed (or partially glazed) structure above a part of a house of complex architecture.

The frame of the dome system in the first case can be made of wood. Fully glazed domes are made of metal (steel or aluminum) structures, and require professional engineering calculations and competent manufacture of the frame, which must successfully withstand atmospheric loads.

Can be used as translucent filling:

• reinforced or laminated glass (during the destruction of these materials, dangerous fragments are not formed, but their light transmission is not the highest);
• triplex (completely safe, transmits light well);
• plastic materials - polycarbonate, transparent slate, plexiglass (they are lightweight and safe in case of destruction, but the resistance of each of these materials to ultraviolet radiation and light transmission properties should be taken into account).

Dome roof

The panoramic dome roof is difficult not only to install, but also to maintain. The glazing must be washed regularly from the outside, as dust will settle on its surface. In winter, the upper part of the dome will be covered with snow and ice, unless a special heating system is provided.

The advantages of domed roofs include:

• originality and aesthetic appearance;
• increased thermal efficiency of insulated structures - the shape of the dome contributes to the uniform distribution of heat, there are no freezing corners in the room;
• glazed structures make it possible to create an original winter garden or a room for stargazing.

Combined roofs

Houses of complex architecture with a variable number of storeys, replete with towers, bay windows and other elements, require the construction of a combined roof. During the development of the project, specialists need to competently combine several types of roofing into a single harmonious ensemble.

Combined roof

At the same time, the roof should not only be aesthetic and original, but first of all, reliable and durable. For laying roofing, a material is selected that is equally suitable for flat and convex surfaces. Most often these are piece materials (natural tiles, slate) or flexible bituminous tiles.

Roofs of "free" forms

There are roofs of private houses that are difficult to classify. We are talking about original architectural solutions, when the roof as a whole and most of its parts do not have a strict geometric shape. The roof surface has smooth curves, due to which the slopes necessary for the removal of rain and melt water are formed.

Free Form Roof

Houses with such roofs are designed as close as possible to the free natural outlines, and completely natural materials are used to create the roofing - primarily slate. This type of roofing can also include grassy coverings of houses built close to the slope of the hill (and partly inside it), if the vegetation on the roof forms a single carpet with a natural cover in the areas adjacent to the house.

Conclusion

Modern materials enable a private developer to implement projects of any complexity. When choosing the type of roof, it is important to evaluate the financial side of the issue, the laboriousness of installation (if it is planned to build on your own), the functionality of the roof and the durability of the materials from which it is planned to make a roofing pie. The shape of the roof, the material and colors of the coating, largely determine the appearance of the house, create its individual "character".

Types of roofs for a private house

Types of roofs of private houses by design. What are the types of roofs according to the constructive solution and form of execution for a private house.

Varieties of the roof of houses and their characteristics

Popular roof configurations

In modern private construction, there are a great many varieties of roofs of houses, and in our material we will talk about their most popular options. It is possible to divide such important roof structures depending on the shape, design features and what materials were used in its construction.

Tilt angle

First, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with what the forms of the roof are. Depending on the angle of inclination, two main categories of structures can be defined:

1. Flat, with an angle of inclination not exceeding 3 degrees relative to the horizon. Since their maintenance is very difficult, and precipitation stagnates in them, such options are quite rare. On the positive side, inexpensive installation and a small amount of consumables can be noted here. On this design, you can equip an open-air terrace, which can also be attributed to the advantages.
2. Pitched, with an angle of inclination of 10 degrees or more. Such samples are easy to use, and therefore their popularity is very high. There is no accumulation of precipitation, and water is perfectly discharged through storm drains.

Choosing the type of roof depending on the angle of inclination

Roofs with pitched surfaces, in turn, are divided into subcategories:

• lean-to;
• gable steep;
• gable gentle;
• gable attic with a broken configuration;
• four-slope semi-hip;
• four-pitched hipped roofs;
• four-slope hip.

The most convenient in the implementation include single-pitched roof structures, the surface slope of which is from 4 to 6 degrees. It makes sense to install them on garages, sheds and other outbuildings.

What are the types of roofing

If you need to build an attic, give preference to a mansard roof, which can consist of two slopes and have a broken contour configuration. Hip samples are practical, they adequately withstand the wind load, but their installation cannot be called simple.

It will require materials in large quantities, and you can not do without a professional installation team. When choosing roof types, be sure to consider all factors, and do not limit yourself solely to information about the service life and cost of the project.

In order for the design to please the eye and be a real decoration of the house, it is necessary to pay special attention to its design.

Popular types of roofs of private houses and their characteristics

Of course, the popularity of this or that type of roofing is explained by the ease of installation, saving money and time, the climatic features of the region and the personal preferences of the owners. Let's move on to a detailed review of the options presented in modern construction.

gable

This type is the most popular and has been built in our country since ancient times. Another name for a structure with two slopes, which rests on walls of the same height, is a “gable roof”. Installation here is more complicated than that of a single-slope version, but the facing materials here can be completely different, which allows you to satisfy any design requirements of the developer.

Diagram of a gable design device

In this case, we are dealing with four slopes, the shape of two of which repeats the trapezoid, and the remaining two are made in the form of triangles. The name of the design comes from the word "hips" (frontal triangular slopes).

Approximate diagram of a hip roof

During the installation process, beams are installed here using a double tightening and drains are necessarily mounted at an angle of 45 degrees on each slope. The construction of such structures requires additional efforts and skills, because the construction of the truss system in this case is quite complicated.

Half hip

This is one of the options for hip roofs, with the only difference being that a truncated triangular slope is formed here, and it is installed higher than its trapezoidal counterparts. Of the shortcomings, it is fashionable to note only additional costs for materials, because you will have to finish those sections of the planes that are adjacent to the roof ribs. Such structures are well used in regions with a windy climate.

Scheme of a semi-hip structure

Attic (broken lines)

Another type of gable samples, characterized by broken slopes, which allows you to significantly increase the attic space, called the attic. Pentagonal pediments leave no one indifferent, and their construction will not cause any particular difficulties for experienced craftsmen. The only thing you will have to deal with is to buy materials for the insulation of the living space and install them, thereby increasing the energy efficiency of the house, which is not required in the case of an ordinary attic that is not intended for living.

Scheme of a broken attic structure

On average, the cost of building a roof is about 20% of the total construction costs, but we can make the most of the usable building area and get a two-story house with virtually one level.

Forgotten for a while, these types of roofs of houses are gradually returning to construction thanks to the unusual design solutions of modern architects. Flat roofs allow you to build a flower garden, tennis court or outdoor mini pool, especially if your home is located in a region with a warm climate. They can be improved with removable canopies made of glass or other materials that will reliably protect the recreation area from precipitation and pollution. The transparent dome will provide the space with natural light, and lighting fixtures will help out in the evening. Here you can also install solar panels and water heating elements, if you, of course, need them.

Diagram of a flat roof device

Of the advantages, I would especially like to note the affordable costs for materials and installation work. Do not forget about a high-quality storm system, with the help of which all precipitation will leave the roof without a trace, besides, the flat surface still has a slope, although it is invisible at first glance. As for the shortcomings, there may be problems with thermal insulation, and here we are primarily talking about heating the plane in the summer heat, but you can fight the cold in the same way as in the case of a mansard roof.

If the structure of the roof with slopes has its own heat exchanger in the form of an attic, then flat options cannot boast of such a feature, therefore, in case of urgent need, you will have to resort to its construction separately.

The main rule here is to create ventilation between the ceiling of the living space and the roof, no matter what shape it will be.

It is possible to equip both a ventilated attic and ventilation ducts that will hide the roof truss and cladding materials.

Less popular roof types

In addition to the most common roof structures, there are other options that can also be found in private construction, albeit less frequently. Their shape is somewhat different from those specimens that we considered above, but from this they can be no less beautiful. It is necessary to approach the creation of such samples seriously, because their implementation may be feasible only for professionals.

Shed

A distinctive feature of this type of construction is the rafter system, which rests on walls of different levels, due to which a slope is formed. Such structures are easy to build, and any, even the most inexpensive materials, are suitable for their cladding.

Shed roof scheme

As for practicality, it is obvious, because precipitation does not linger here, so you don’t have to worry about maintaining such a building. The disadvantage is also significant - you will not be able to equip the attic or attic, and perhaps that is why today it is rare to find shed specimens on new houses.

The shape of such a roof is made in the form of four symmetrically arranged triangles along each wall of the building, which form a kind of tent. It has an unusual chic look, but it is very difficult to build it because of the overly sophisticated truss system.

Roof truss system

Multi-forceps

It has another name - valley, and is characterized by one of the most complex truss systems. A lot of external and internal corners at the junctions of two slopes are not easy to install, besides, the valleys provoke the accumulation of snow and rainwater, which can lead to leaks.

Scheme of a multi-gable roof

Wealthy people who build polygonal houses with a large number of outbuildings and attic rooms can afford multi-gable samples.

Such types of roofs only in rare cases cover the entire area of ​​​​the building and are mainly installed above its part. To mount the frame, you will need flexible elements, and a flexible or soft lining is suitable as a decorative coating. As a rule, dome solutions are preferred by lovers of antiquity, oriental style, ancient castles and everything unusual, transferring it to their home.

Scheme of the dome structure

spherical

Recently, spherical roofs are slowly gaining popularity among our compatriots, although this rarely applies to residential buildings. They cover gazebos, sports grounds, church buildings, so that we can observe these types of construction almost every day.

The structure of the spherical structure

The point here is not the color of the decorative coating, as it might seem at first glance. As a cladding, if you can call it that, we are dealing with natural soil, in which plants are planted that serve as a real decoration for such an exotic design. Here you can note all the positive qualities of flat samples, improved by a special ventilation system. Thanks to this laying, the roots of bushes and trees are limited in growth, they always have enough moisture for irrigation, and besides, conditions are created here for healthy aeration of the roots of green spaces.

green structure diagram

The undoubted advantage is the uniqueness of the open greenhouse, because it is very rare to meet such green living structures, if possible. Looking at the rapid development of new technologies and the popularity of environmental projects, it is not difficult to predict that soon such plantings on the tops of houses will become much more widespread. Do you want to stand out from your neighbors and are not afraid to face the need for careful care of plants in the open air? Then a green roof will suit you and you will be able to enjoy its beauty.

Decorative cladding: what to choose?

In addition to personal preferences and financial capabilities, in this matter, you need to take into account design features that can both limit your choice and allow you to expand it. To date, the following materials are most common:

All these roofing materials differ from each other in technical characteristics, composition and design, and are also installed on the surface of the structure using different technologies, so before choosing, you should carefully read their description, manufacturer's recommendations and warnings. If you carefully approach this issue and study all the subtleties and nuances of the roof structure, you can create reliable protection and at the same time decoration for your home.

Roofs of houses: varieties and configurations

When building houses, there are many options for roofing. Consider in this article the most popular types of roofs of houses.

Types of roofs of private houses by design and geometric shapes

The roof of a modern house is not just a covering for it, which exists in order to protect it from rain, snow and sunlight. The roof is a kind of continuation of the house in architectural terms, thanks to which its general appearance is formed. Moreover, its overall comfort depends on what type of roof is installed on the house.

Although, the roof should be not only beautiful, but also reliable. In principle, there are numerous types of roofs for private houses, but the most common are only a few of them, which will be discussed in this article.

Roofs depending on design features

So, speaking in general, all roofs, according to their features, are structurally divided into pitched and flat. Both of them have a number of advantages and disadvantages.

1. For example, at present, flat-type roofs are practically not used in the process of building residential private houses. The reason lies in the fact that the slope of 3 degrees, which has a roof of this type, leads to the fact that precipitation does not “roll” off it well. And this means that there is no need to talk about the good reliability of a flat roof. And in terms of design, a flat roof loses a lot to a pitched one. Therefore, in most cases, a flat roof is equipped if it is planned to organize any additional space on it, such as a pool, front garden or terrace.

Flat roof construction. Photo – jwroof.com

2. A pitched roof is much more practical in this regard, which has several advantages over a flat roof. A sufficient slope angle contributes to the fact that the roof is independently cleared of water and snow, and in general is a more reliable structure than a flat roof. Under such a roof, you can easily make an attic or attic. Despite a number of advantages, the pitched roof also has some disadvantages, which are associated with the high cost of construction and the complexity of its repair during operation.

Pitched roof structure.

Attic and non-attic pitched roofs

In fairness, it should be said that the owner of the future house is trying to choose any 1 of the several proposed options for roofs of houses. Those. either an attic-type structure or a non-attic (mansard) structure.

1. The roof of the attic type is distinguished by its simplicity of construction, so such a roof can be easily built even on your own. Very often, the angle of the attic roof slope depends on the type of roofing material. In this case, one should take into account both the load that such a roof must hold and the cost of building material during its construction. In addition, this type provides for the possibility of repair without replacing the entire roof. If the choice is made in favor of the attic roof, then you must immediately decide whether the attic will be used in the future or not. Those. it is from this decision that the choice of the upper floor of the attic will depend, which can be either wooden or reinforced concrete.

The attic roof is shared with the whole room.

2. Another type of roof is mansard. She is also unrepentant. Its main difference from other types of attic roofs in private houses is that the outer walls in this case will be roof structures. Such a roof is very original, so the appearance of the house itself will be very unusual. And everything would be fine, but the working area of ​​​​the attic in this case is reduced, and the process of erecting a mansard roof is very difficult and it is not easy to cope with it without the appropriate experience.

Mansard roof from the inside.

As a rule, a non-attic roof has some kind of kink, therefore, in order to strengthen it, it is necessary to put wooden supports from the inside. However, with due imagination, you can also benefit from this if you sheathe such props with plywood and turn it all into useful lockers and niches for temporarily unnecessary things.

Varieties of pitched roofs according to geometric shapes

In addition, the design features of roofs can determine the various forms of roofs of private houses.

shed roof

At the moment, the shed roof is considered the simplest and cheapest. This is a flat view of a roof that rests on walls of varying heights. As a result, the slope of the roof occurs in one direction. Usually it is most often used in the construction of sheds, garages and other outbuildings. But often it can be seen in country houses. For all its merits, the main disadvantage of such a roof is that it is impossible to equip an attic in a house with such a roof. Yes, and her appearance leaves much to be desired.

The house is covered with a pitched roof.

Gable roof

A 2-pitched roof is common in villages and small towns. This type of roof has come down to our days since ancient times. As you might guess, such a roof consists of 2 slopes connected to each other with the help of a “ridge”. It is interesting that such slopes are both symmetrical with respect to each other, and differ from each other by the angle of inclination or length. Under such a roof, you can easily equip an attic or attic. This type of roof can be safely considered the most practical and most common. Parts of the walls of the building, which limit the attic space on both sides, are called gables.

One of the most common types of roofs is a pitched roof.

hip roof

If instead of pediments 2 slopes of a triangular shape are installed, then this roof is called a hip roof, and the slopes themselves are called hips. The upper part of the slopes has dormer windows. If we compare this type of roof with the one discussed above, then it is much more difficult to build it. Therefore, the construction of such a roof must be trusted only to professionals. But the resistance of such roofs to precipitation and strong winds is simply phenomenal.

An example of a house with a hip roof.

Half hip roof

The semi-hip roof type is considered an intermediate link between the 2-pitched and hip roofs. The end gables in this case are made in the form of a trapezoid, and their top is covered with half hips. As a rule, in such roofs on the pediment, you can place a completely full-fledged window, and the half-hips themselves are quite interesting decorative elements.

There is another type of half-hip roof, when the lower part of the pediment is simply covered by a slope. This makes it possible to ensure the correct triangular shape of the remaining part of the pediment, in which the dormer window is usually organized. If you judge such a roof by its appearance, then it is of great interest to designers.

On the left is the first type, on the right is the second type of hip roof.

hipped roof

The hip roof has another variety, which is called the hipped roof. Structurally, it has 3 or more slopes converging at one upper point. This type of roof does not have a ridge, and the symmetry of the slopes in relation to each other is simply amazing. If the house has the shape of a regular polygon or square, then it usually uses a hip roof type. In terms of wind resistance, this type of roof has performed quite well. In addition, from the point of view of design ideas, there are few alternatives to such roofs.

An example of a hipped roof.

Multi-gable roof

If the building has the shape of a complex polygon, then it is usually covered with a multi-gable roof. Such roofs are very complex structurally due to their complex system of rafters. However, with the successful design of such a roof, a very unique design can be created.

An example of a multi-gable roof.

broken roof

The types of mansard roofs of private houses often include a broken type of roof. Such a roof is sometimes called a mansard roof. They have a rather large angle of inclination of the fracture, which allows you to more fully use the usable area of ​​the attic in the building.

Sloped roof option.

Domed and conical roofs

Domed and conical roofs are very rare when it comes to private residential buildings. As a rule, these structures are rounded structures, however, they do not cover all the premises of the house, but only its individual elements, which, for example, include round verandas or decorative turrets.

Domed roofs on the left and conical roofs on the right.

Combined roofs

But the most complex design is the combined types of roofs. In simpler terms, such roofs are combinations of a multi-gable, hipped, half-hip design. Despite this, if the cottage has a combined roof, then its very unusual appearance attracts attention, because it has a large number of dormer windows, covered small balconies, as well as open and closed verandas. And everything would be fine, but such roofs are not easy to build and maintain in the future.

An example of a combined roof.

Be that as it may, but roofs, regardless of their shape or type, are constantly being improved and supplemented with new elements.

Types of roofs of private houses, their shapes and options Photo

We present to your attention all possible types of roofs of private houses that differ both in design features and in shape. Consider all the pros and cons of one form or another of the roof of a private house and in what cases they can be used to cover your house.

Types of roofs for a private house

The roof of the house is one of the key elements of its reliability, strength, thermoregulation and presentable appearance. There are various types of roofs of private houses, which differ in configuration, the type of roofing materials involved, and the complexity of construction. The roof is an important load-bearing structure of the house, designed to protect it from precipitation and external influences, so it must be strong, stable and durable. Yes, and aesthetic qualities play an important role, because a well-chosen configuration and design of the roof will set the tone for the entire building, becoming its hallmark.

Forms and types of roofs of private houses

At the design stage, you should choose the right roof structure, based on the shape of the house and its purpose. Roofs are divided into types that differ in the number of hips and slopes. The main types of roofs that are in modern construction:

Shed- simplicity of design and comparative cheapness of execution makes this type of roof popular. Used for outbuildings, warehouses and garages. Rarely - for a private house.

gable- the classic version of the roof, which consists of two parts. Gives you the opportunity to equip the attic.

flat- It is used mainly in the climatic zone, where a small amount of precipitation is provided. Otherwise, water will accumulate on the surface of the roof and flow into the house.

hip roof- It is also called a four-slope. Differs in a difficult design and high operational characteristics.

Half hip, the Danish roof can be gable (mansard) or four-pitched.

Shatrovaya- a kind of hip roofs for private houses, the design resembles a tent. Differs in simplicity of installation and high functionality.

Multi-forceps- consists of tongs, many valleys, gables and blocks. Provides a natural stack of rain and melt water.

dome or cone the roof is used mainly on round and multi-faceted buildings.

Roofs of complex combination- are installed in private houses on two floors, with extensions and utility rooms. Installation of such a roof is only possible for experienced specialists.

Unusual roof shape

Flat roof

The choice in favor of a flat-shaped roof is very rare, because it accumulates snow too quickly, retains a stack of water, and is easily deformed if the load during installation was incorrectly calculated. This type of roofing is preferred in hot climates where rainfall is rare. It is also used to cover multi-storey buildings and industrial buildings.

Flat roofs are popular with high-tech houses.

The advantages of a flat roof include:

Its smaller area compared to pitched, so less roofing material goes to it.

Installation and service work on a flat roof can be carried out without problems.

A flat roof allows you to get an additional usable area that can be used as a terrace, a place for sports, arrange a winter garden, build a gazebo with a fireplace.

Installation of this design is quick, as well as repair.

In a mild climate, you can arrange a flat roof under the garden

Shed roofs

A pitched roof has a flat surface that slopes to one side. Very often it is arranged on walls of different heights. When installing this, it is very important to choose the right amount of slope so that part of the building is located towards the winds.

The simplest version of a pitched roof

Advantages of a shed roof:

Low cost compared to attic or domed;

The possibility of subsequent completion of the floors without grandiose dismantling;

Easy installation of chimneys and stacks;

A wide range of roofing materials;

High area utilization rate;

Possibility to mount a balcony and huge windows from ceiling to floor.

Also very popular for modern style homes

There are no special drawbacks to a shed roof, except for it

Not very presentable.

However, if you correctly design the structure, combine several slopes at different levels, then you get a completely attractive roof. The correct selection of material is also important - if you choose, for example, a metal tile, then you get a beautiful slope geometry, but the profiled sheet will turn the house into a barn.

gable roofs

The gable roof structure is most often used for a private house in our climate zone. The angled design prevents water and snow from accumulating. The angle of the pitched roof is determined based on the level of precipitation in the current region - the more precipitation, the greater the angle of the pitched roof.

Gable roof scheme

Advantages of a gable roof:

Practicality and the ability to equip the attic;

No need to clean snow and water manually;

Wide design possibilities;

Most roofing materials are focused on a gable roof;

Low cost and speed of construction.

Classic version of the house with a gable roof

The disadvantages of a gable roof in a private house include:

A large number of roofing materials that will be needed for its construction.

If you plan to build an attic, then you need to take care of increasing the number of windows, which will complicate the construction of a gable roof.

hip roof

The hip roof consists of four planes, which are located at an angle. Such a roof is considered one of the varieties of a hipped roof.

hip roof scheme

Benefits of a hip roof:

It is not subject to deformation in places of eaves canopies;

original appearance;

Can withstand strong winds;

Possibility to equip an attic or attic;

Well protects the facade from precipitation, thanks to the installation of additional overhangs.

Photo of a house with a hip roof

The disadvantage of a hip roof is:

The complexity of its installation, the complexity of laying roofing materials;

Due to the slopes, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe attic space is reduced.

Half hip roof

Half-hip roofs are also called Dutch. In our country, such designs are not used as often as in Europe.

3D sketch of a hipped roof

Advantages of semi-hip roofs:

Resistant to wind and even hurricane due to the streamlined shape;

Reliably protects the walls and gables of the house from snow and rain;

The ability to equip a residential or attic space under the roof;

Original and unusual design.

House with a hipped roof

The disadvantages of a roof of this form include:

The difficulty of its installation, a large number of ribs and valleys;

A large number of necessary lumber;

Complicated roofing - builders have to install a lot of stops and struts.

hipped roofs

The tent-shaped roof is one of the varieties of pitched roof types. Consists of four equal slopes of a triangular shape.

Photo of a house with a hipped roof

This version of the roof wins over the gable roof, due to a higher level of functionality and decorative appeal. The mass of a hipped roof is less than that of a gable or mansard roof, so the load on buildings becomes less. The structure of the hipped roof is strong, thanks to the ribs that provide support. The disadvantages of this type of roof include the complexity and high cost of installation.

Multi-forceps

Multi-gable roofs for private houses are a rather complex structure, as they consist of many slopes, ribs, gables, valleys. Installation of such a roof is carried out only by masters with extensive experience in this field.

Advantages of a multi-gable roof:

Attractive appearance;

Durability and strength of the structure;

The possibility of equipping an additional room under the roof.

The disadvantages of these types of roofs are:

Lots of roofing waste.

Domed and conical

Cone types of roofs are installed over round or polyhedral buildings. For them, supporting elements are used. The domed roof is considered one of the original and beautiful forms of private house roofs.

Dome - used in modern post-modern style

Due to its configuration, the structure is well tolerated by all the vagaries of nature, has increased strength and seismic resistance.

Such a roof gives the house a castle-tower look.

The disadvantages of this type of roof are:

The extreme complexity of their installation;

The inability to place windows on them or equip the usable space under them;

This roofing option is rarely used for a private house and is one of the most expensive.

Combined roof

Combined roofs are the most complex type of structures. They are a unique combination of semi-hip, hip, slope, cone, mansard elements. Such a roof, of course, is a decoration of the house.

Consists of various combinations of all possible types

It can be embodied in various design solutions.

However, the installation of such a roof:

It is very complex, as is the design.

Yes, and the cost of construction and further maintenance are also high.

Therefore, a combined roof is most often installed on castles, churches and other buildings of a similar purpose.

Varieties of roofs of private houses: photos of types of various roof designs

There are various types of roofs of private houses, which differ in configuration, the type of roofing materials involved, and the complexity of construction.

Roof for a private house. Types of roofs by design

During the entire service life, the roof must protect the dwelling from rain, snow, wind, scorching sun rays and winter frosts, while maintaining warmth and comfort in the house. Only a properly designed roof for a private house will cope with the tasks. Types of roofs by design include many different arrangement options, each of which must take into account all the architectural nuances of housing construction, and also be appropriate in a particular climatic zone.

The choice of roof structure is an important stage in the construction of a private house

Existing types of roofs of houses

Choosing the right and reliable roof is a serious and responsible mission. After all, it is being built not for one season, but for decades. In addition, a beautiful roof is also a worthy appearance of your home. Photos of private houses, the beautiful roofs of which flawlessly complete the architectural composition, are a clear confirmation of this. Also, each developer seeks to give the roof of the house being built a rational form that can endure all the vagaries of the weather.

Combined type of roof of a country house

The forms of roofs for private houses, photos of which can be found on the Internet, are surprisingly diverse. Numerous design models can become the basis for bold ideas and help you make the right choice. Modern roof projects of private houses allow you to realize the most original ideas in any style.

Before dwelling on the optimal version of the roof of a private house, you should familiarize yourself with the existing forms and design features of roofs. The main criteria by which roofs of various types are classified are:

The choice of a particular roof structure depends on many factors, for example, the climate in the region

How ideally one or another type of roof for a house is suitable depends on the correct selection of all three parameters. The main factor influencing the design of the roof is the climatic zone. Features of the climate and will affect the slope of the structure, its shape and the choice of roofing material. It makes no sense to build a roof with a slight slope in an area where a large amount of snow falls: they will accumulate and destroy the structure.

Flat roofs are relatively inexpensive to make, as they require minimal material and construction work. You don't have to worry about the roof being blown off by the wind. Many on flat roofs equip additional open areas for various needs. But it should be borne in mind that precipitation will spoil such a roof, forming puddles on the surface.

In modern house design, you can often find a combination of different types of roofs.

Helpful advice! To ensure a natural drainage of water for a flat structure, it is recommended to pour a layer of expanded clay at a slight angle.

There is also a division of roofs into unexploited and exploited, attic and non-attic. The exploited roofs are just used as areas for recreation and sports, covering them with a special material. The area of ​​​​such a roof, as a rule, is equal to the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house itself, so many owners are thinking about the rational use of this space. A serious disadvantage is the insecurity of the coating from precipitation.

When laying metal tiles, the maximum angle of inclination is not standardized, and the minimum is 15 °

Attic structures are called when the distance between the ceiling and the roof surface is not more than 1.5 m. Usually, the space under such a roof is used for technical purposes. Atticless roofs are used when there is an idea to use the space under the roof as a living room - an attic. In addition, such an additional floor can be built on top of an existing house.

In a large group, varieties of roofs are distinguished according to the geometric shape and number of slopes. A pitched roof is called if the angle of its inclination exceeds 10 °. Roofs come with one, two and four slopes. More complex structures have combined slopes - these are hipped, multi-gable roofs. Less common in private construction are domed or conical models. Roofs that include several different shapes are called combined.

Operated type of roof: a recreation area is equipped on a flat surface

Types of roofs for private houses: we select the optimal slope

Depending on the slope, flat and pitched roofs are distinguished. Under the slope understand the angle of inclination of the slope relative to the horizon. It is measured in degrees or as a percentage of the height of the roof to the length of the span. So, 100% slope corresponds to 45°. For the convenience of translating these indicators, a special table has been developed.

The main reason for the slope is the timely removal of precipitation from the roof. Roofs with a slight slope (up to 1%) will often leak and cause inconvenience to the owners. In addition, in terms of design, the surfaces of such roofs do not look aesthetically pleasing for private houses. Photos of flat roofs indicate that most often such structures are used for change houses, garages and outbuildings.

Table of correspondence between the degree of the angle and the percentage of the slope of the roof:

In addition to precipitation, wind also affects the roof. With an increase in the slope by 20-30 °, the wind load increases by 5 times. And if the slope is small, the wind flow can penetrate the roof through the joints of the coating and easily disrupt the structure. With the help of a competently selected roof project of a private house, you can get the right slope angle and avoid the possible consequences of the elements.

Helpful advice! When choosing a roof option, it should be taken into account that the maximum snow load on the roof is achieved when the slope is 30°. In order for the roof to be able to clean itself, the slope must be 45 °.

Shed roof is often erected for garages, outbuildings, change houses

In order to correctly determine the required slope, it is necessary to calculate the ratio of the size of the ridge to ½ of the width of the house. Multiply the resulting value by 100 - this will be the value of the roof slope. For the convenience of determining the angle of the roof, professional builders use special calculations and graphs. They can be easily found on the Internet. As for the cost of building a roof, the greater the slope, the more expensive the construction will cost.

Do-it-yourself shed roof step by step: installation features. Advantages and disadvantages of a shed roof design. Selection of materials, their preparation and calculation of the required quantity. The slope angle.

Despite the fact that the construction of pitched roofs is more expensive, for each developer, the reliability of the roof will be a priority, rather than the cost of its construction. Thus, the pitched model will be the correct type of roof for a private house. The slope of such a roof will be determined by the wind and snow load on the structure, as well as an attractive appearance. In addition, the angle of inclination is determined by the use of a particular roofing. For laying each type of material, manufacturing companies recommend an appropriate slope.

A roof with steep slopes can be overturned by strong gusts of wind, with gentle slopes - lift

Use of roof coverings depending on the slope of the roof

In order for the roof to become a reliable protection for the house, the angle of inclination of the slopes must be taken into account when choosing a roofing:

• slate (asbestos-cement corrugated sheets) - such a coating can be used with a roof slope of 13 to 60 °. If the angle of inclination is less than 13 °, water will seep into the joints, and in winter snow will clog. This will lead to a significant reduction in the life of the roof;
• ceramic tiles - the optimal slope for this material lies in the range from 30 to 60 °. When laying such tiles on roofs with a slope of less than 25 °, measures should be taken to improve ventilation and waterproofing;
• metal tile - the popularity of using this material for the roof of a private house (photos confirm this) is very high. In addition to many advantages, when laying metal tiles, the maximum angle of inclination is not standardized. Minimum slope - 15 °;

When choosing a roofing, it is necessary to take into account the slope of the slopes

• corrugated board - used mainly for outbuildings. Laying is carried out at a slope of 10 ° without a limit limit;
• bituminous tiles - the coating is applicable for roofs with a slope of more than 12 °. The maximum tilt angle is unlimited. Suitable for roofs of intricate shape, as it perfectly repeats the surface of any curvature;
• bituminous slate - corrugated sheets of this material are used with a slope of 5 °. There is no maximum restriction, however, the pitch of the crate depends on the angle of inclination, and with a slope of 5 to 10 °, it will be necessary to equip a continuous flooring;
• seam steel roofing - this material is laid with slopes starting from 20 °. There is no maximum tilt angle limitation.

Diagram showing the preferred roofing material depending on the angle of the roof

Helpful advice! When choosing a roofing, you should follow this rule: the denser the structure of the material, the smaller the angle of inclination of the roof slopes should be.

Given the slope of the roof when using roofing, it is possible to achieve high-quality laying of the material, prevent leaks and increase the life of the entire structure.

Classification of types of roofs according to the structure of the frame

Pitched roofs, depending on the configuration of the frame, can have a different shape with certain features. There are the following types of roofs:

An example of a harmonious combination of several types of roof: gable, single-pitched, hipped

• half hip;
• tent;
• multi-forceps;
• domed;
• vaulted;
• spire-shaped.

Single sided option. Such a roof has a fairly simple design. Its only slope is located between two walls of different heights. The greater the difference between the height of the walls, the greater the slope of the roof. Any materials can be used for its construction. In private construction, it is mainly used for household blocks, garages or small garden houses.

Shed roof looks modern and stylish

Helpful advice! For private houses, shed roofs are used if it is necessary to reduce the removal of water or snow to the roadway or sidewalk.

Photos of the flat roof of a private house often illustrate the unpresentable appearance of the structure, especially if the building is low. In addition, this option almost eliminates the possibility of arranging an attic. But in modern building design, this roof option is quite popular.

Gable roof. The type of gable roof is a structure of two slopes connected to each other by means of a ridge. This roof is the most common among pitched models for private houses. Photos of gable roof types illustrate that the slopes can be located both symmetrically and with different slopes. The length of the slopes can also be different.

The gable roof option is the most popular among pitched types.

Due to the fact that under such roofs it is possible to equip an attic or attic, they are considered quite practical. The elements of the walls of the structure that limit the attic or attic space are called gables. Gable roof structures provide unhindered rainfall and minimize the possibility of leakage. It should be noted that in regions where storm winds are frequent, the roof can be torn off due to poor streamlining.

Attic structure. Such a roof is a kind of gable construction with a broken profile. Each slope of the mansard roof has two levels: the upper slope with a gentle slope, the lower one with a falling one. The main advantage of such a roof is the possibility of maximizing the use of space under the roof. Due to the fact that the structures are unstable to strong winds, the mansard roof projects of private houses assume additional fixation of the roofing in the area of ​​the falling slope.

Drawing with mounting dimensions of a gable roof with a broken profile

Helpful advice! If the attic room is small, designers recommend not to hem the ceiling. Interior decoration can be done up to the ridge, which will add spaciousness to the room.

Hip roof. This type of roof is a combination of gable and hip design. Here, the pediments replace the slopes in the shape of a triangle, which are called hips. The other two slopes have the shape of an isosceles trapezoid. The upper parts of the slopes are equipped with dormer windows. The frame of the structure can be built on a rectangular base. The space under the roof can also be used as an attic.

The hip roof is a combination of a gable and a hip design

The hip roof has a streamlined shape, it is perfectly self-cleaning and resists winds, however, it has a more complex design of the truss system. In this regard, the construction of such a roof is recommended to be entrusted only to specialists. With regard to construction costs, it should be noted that during the construction there is a large percentage of roofing waste and significant costs for skylights.

Half hip designs. An intermediate model between a hip and gable roof. A feature of this design is that the pediment of the gable roof is covered at the top with a small half-hip, which protects the ridge from wind load. The streamlining of this form makes it appropriate to erect such roofs in regions where strong gusts of wind prevail.

An example of a semi-hip roof of a private house

The appearance of the roof is quite attractive in terms of design. In the triangular parts of the gables, you can equip full-sized dormers. Half hips serve as decorative elements. In terms of design, this type of roof is quite complex and requires the participation of professionals.

Tent roof models. One of the varieties of the hip structure includes a hipped roof. Such a model has 3 or more triangular slopes that converge at the top at one point. All slopes are performed symmetrically to each other. Hipped roofs are used in cases where houses have the correct shape of a square or polygon. They are very attractive in appearance.

The tent structure is sufficiently resistant to winds. The complexity of the construction of the truss system is explained by the strictly symmetrical geometric shape of the roof. If sheet material acts as a cover, the amount of waste will be large. The installation of roof window structures will also affect the cost.

Various types of roofs for country houses and cottages

Helpful advice! To make the hipped roof look aesthetically attractive, it is recommended to use tiles as roofing.

Multi-gable roofs. Such roofs are considered one of the most complex structures, both in terms of the construction of the truss system and in terms of laying the roofing. This is due to the presence in the device of a large number of ribs, valleys and other structural elements. It is used in houses that have a complex polygonal shape.

The appearance of the multi-gable roof is very distinctive. Thanks to modern roof coverings with a rich color palette, the roof can be made bright and lively. In addition, under such a roof, you can equip side attics of a small area.

By combining different types of roofs, you can get an interesting look at home

dome structures. The domed or conical structure is a rounded roof without ribs, converging at the highest point. This is a rather rare type of roof of a private house. Photos of such structures show that in most cases such a roof is used only for individual elements of the building, for example, such as small turrets or round terraces.

Vaulted roofs. This design is based on a base of rafters curved into an arc. It is rarely used as a roof for a private house. This roof shape is rational for large buildings such as sports facilities or public buildings. In private buildings, it can be used as an additional element in combination with a structure of a different form.

The domed roof structure is most often used for individual building elements.

Spike roofs. The main difference between such exclusive roofs is the sharp angle created by sharp slopes. The construction of the spire takes a lot of time, since here it is very important to choose the slope and material for the roof. As a rule, the spire is erected as a decorative element crowning domed roofs or turrets.

Due to its complexity and laboriousness of execution, such a design is built only by professionals. Spiers are very rarely used in the design of roofs of private houses. Photos show that they are mainly used in the construction of temples, buildings in the Gothic style and other monumental structures.

Helpful advice! Even a single minor mistake made in the construction of a spire roof can spoil the appearance of the entire structure.

In the design of the roof of the house in the Victorian style there is a spire-shaped type of roof.

There is also such a thing as combined roofs. Such roofs in their design contain several types at once, for example, a combination of tent, hip, multi-gable and other forms. Combined roofs are difficult to design, build and maintain, but they always have an interesting and sophisticated look.

Mansard roof of a private house. Photo and description of structures

A mansard type of roof is an excellent option to profitably increase the useful area of ​​\u200b\u200ba private house. The dimensions of the additional room will determine the shape and type of the mansard roof. The geometric shapes of such a roof can have a different configuration, and the roof itself can cover the entire building or a small part of it.

Thanks to the attic, you can significantly increase the useful area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house, for example, by placing bedrooms there

Types of mansard roofs. Photo of private houses with a functional roof

There are several types of mansard roofs:

Single pitched mansard roof. Mansard roofs in a shed version look peculiar. Such structures are quite simple in construction due to the lack of a ridge and the difficulties that its arrangement entails. The attic is formed due to the different heights of the walls on which the structural beams rest. The attic floor under such a roof is quite miniature.

Schemes for arranging an insulated attic and ventilation of the under-roof space

Symmetrical mansard roof. This type of roof is built on the basis of a gable model. The walls of the attic room in this embodiment will have an identical width and height. This form provides the possibility of installing full-fledged window structures and doors leading to a balcony or terrace in the room.

Asymmetrical shape. Such roofs are obtained as a result of the hip placement of slopes. It should be borne in mind that the room under the asymmetrical roof will have a small area. The outlines of the opposite walls of such a room will be as follows: two in the shape of a triangle, two in the shape of a trapezoid.

Tent attic structure. The room under such a roof can have a specific configuration: round, conical or pyramidal. In this regard, it is very difficult to fit windows or doors into the walls of such attics. Window structures of this form will need to be made to order according to a special project, which will cause a significant increase in the cost of construction.

When building a roof, it is necessary to carefully consider the location and design of the roof window.

Helpful advice! Equipping window structures in the attic room, pay attention to how they will open. Windows that open inwards and downwards can cause injury to the person who opens them. The best would be to open the window outward with a handle located at the top.

Broken roof. If you want to make the most of the space under the roof, the right choice is a sloping roof. In this case, it is possible to significantly reduce the so-called dead zones, the area of ​​which cannot be used as useful. Thanks to the external breaks of the edges, it is possible to expand the attic room, while the choice of a straight roof limits the rational use of the space under it.

Under the combined roof of a country house there is an attic floor

The broken roof structures are distinguished by the small height of the walls of the rooms that have turned out under them. The installation of such a roof is justified when the attic is built on an already erected building. In this case, you do not have to worry about the additional load on the foundation, the design of which did not initially involve the presence of an additional residential floor.

The roof is considered popular, the design of which is based on triangular figures: upper and lower. The design scheme of the upper triangles assumes both a hanging and a layered truss system, and the lower ones only a layered one. The upper slopes are based on isosceles triangles, and the lower ones have two right-angled triangles at the base.

Living room located on the attic floor of a private house

Insulation and waterproofing of mansard roofs

The design of a mansard roof depends on the load that the roof will be subjected to from above and below. We should not forget that warm air flows rise and settle in the form of condensate on the inner surface of the roof. Therefore, the technology for erecting mansard roofs of private houses must necessarily take into account high-quality heat, steam and waterproofing.

Helpful advice! When building a mansard roof, pay attention to the distribution of ventilation risers and chimneys: do not allow them to be located in valleys.

Scheme of the device of the insulated mansard roof

In order to be comfortable in the attic, it is necessary to use such a heat-insulating material that will contribute to this regardless of the time of year. If the roofing cake is made in compliance with all technological rules, the microclimate in the room will be normal.

Knowing their main characteristics will help to make the right choice of thermal insulation materials, which include:

• resistance to temperature extremes;
• low thermal conductivity;
• moisture resistance;
• environmental friendliness;
• fire safety;
• density up to 250 kg/m³.

The technology for erecting mansard roofs must necessarily take into account high-quality heat, steam and waterproofing

The technology of thermal insulation in the attic is similar to the insulation of conventional roofs, however, due to certain criteria, it is subject to increased requirements. The role of the walls in the attic rooms is performed by slopes and gables, due to which they overheat in the summer and cool quickly in the cold season. Therefore, the sequence of layers of the pie must be strictly observed:

1. Vapor barrier layer.
2. Insulation material.
3. Ventilation (air) gap.
4. waterproofing layer.
5. Roofing material.

When applying insulation, you should pay attention to its thermal conductivity (the ability to retain and transmit heat). The lower the thermal conductivity, the better the material will retain heat in the room, protecting it from cooling. Mansard roofs are more susceptible to heat loss in winter, as heat flows upward, approaching the roofing.

Mansard roof insulation process with mineral wool

In winter, the following process is observed: the snow covering the surface of the roof acts as a kind of heat insulator. If the heat loss is large, the snow on the roof begins to melt, turning into a dense crust of ice, which does not retain heat and creates an additional load on the roof. Properly laid thermal insulation will prevent snow from melting and ice from forming.

In extreme heat, the attic room is very hot. To avoid this, arrange thermal insulation on the inside. The number of layers for internal protection depends on the properties of the material. For these purposes, they usually use: polyurethane foam, mineral wool, extruded polystyrene, slag wool, glass wool, foamed glass. From natural heaters, straw, slag, wood shavings, reed panels will be used.

Mineral wool is one of the most popular materials for roof insulation.

Roof for a private house. Types of roofs by design: form matters

Modern roof design involves many different and original designs. The shape of the roof determines not only the proper degree of protection of the house from external influences, but also provides architectural expressiveness. In private construction, the choice of design is limited only by the financial capabilities of the owner of the house, which allows the roof to become the main decorative element in the design of the whole house.

Beautiful roofs of private houses: photo gallery of various options

It is possible to definitely advise the optimal type of roof, taking into account not only the construction technology, but also the wishes of the owner of the house. Architectural preferences in the private sector also depend on the area where the house is located, since since ancient times each region has been distinguished by its style and originality. To find out what the roofs of private houses are like (photos of numerous options are available on the Internet), you need to study this issue, after which choosing the most acceptable option will not be difficult.

Despite the simple design, there are many ways to combine a flat roof with a modern private building design style. The monopitch version of the roof has an insignificant set of components and does not require significant financial investments. In the design of flat roofs, many use a new original direction - landscaping. The roof covered with flowers and greenery will add a portion of romance to the whole house.

The most popular in suburban villages is a gable roof. Photos of private houses show typical models of gable structures. The gable roof with slopes that are different in length and slope looks original, the classic model with symmetrical inclined planes is more strict. An important detail is the possibility of arranging an attic under a gable roof of a one-story private house. The photo characterizes the simplicity and functionality of this type of roofing.

Timber house with a complex combined roof

Photos of the hip roofs of private houses indicate that this roof design is used mainly for large cottages. Houses with such roofs look more solid and presentable. Due to the absence of gables in the construction, the height of houses with a hip roof visually seems smaller, but this feeling is completely compensated by the presence of dormers and dormer windows. They perfectly illuminate the attic space and make the facade of the whole house more picturesque.

Broken roof structures have exceptional ergonomic advantages. Photos of broken roofs of private houses clearly illustrate the maximum efficiency of usable space. Despite the fact that the construction of such a structure entails high costs, these models are actively used in private construction.

Classic gable roof model with symmetrical slopes

Helpful advice! Those who dream of a two-story cottage, but are financially limited, should pay attention to the mansard types of roofs. This will be an excellent option with minimal investment.

For lovers of unusual design, a multi-gable roof is the best fit. Such designs can be attributed to real masterpieces. Their uniqueness lies in the large number of ribs, faces, forceps and slopes. This form of roof has become popular in modern private construction of cottages with attic rooms. If a successful project is chosen, you can build a unique structure associated with the roofs of fairy-tale towers.

Having considered all the options for roofs for private houses and carefully understanding the features and advantages of each of them, you can make the best decision in your case. The main thing is that your home should be under reliable protection.

Roof for a private house

Varieties of roofs of houses. Roof for a private house. Types of roofs by design. Types of mansard roofs. Roof insulation. Photo gallery of beautiful designs.

A huge range of roofing materials for the roof of a country house often creates problems for inexperienced developers. They do not fully understand what factors to focus on and what affects the performance of materials. The roof performs not only a protective function, its value is much wider. Mistakes during selection can create significant problems later on.

The parameters of the truss system have a significant impact on the choice of roofing, there are several factors that must be taken into account, this is the only way to guarantee high-quality and durable coverage of the house.

flat roofs

The angle of inclination of the slopes is not more than 12 °. Such roofs are used during the construction of large country cottages, they can be exploited and ordinary.

On the exploited flat roofs there are winter gardens, areas for outdoor activities or walks.

There are options for arranging car parks on flat roofs. To create exploitable flat roofs, you should buy the most durable and reliable roll coatings or mastics. Currently, it is polyester-based euroroofing material.

This material has the highest strength, service life of at least fifty years. As a waterproofing, modified bitumen is used, which does not lose plasticity at low temperatures. On polyester roofs, heavy structures can be installed, strong concrete reinforced screeds can be made, etc.

The second material for sealing flat roofs is liquid mastics. There is a wide choice in the implementation, according to their technical characteristics, the mastics fully meet the existing requirements.

pitched roofs

The number of slopes is from one to 5–8, it all depends on the complexity of the truss system and the architectural features of the structure. All types of roofing materials can be used on pitched roofs: soft and hard, rolled and piece, profiled and flat, modern and traditional.

Each type has its own characteristics, is selected taking into account the operating conditions, the chosen design project and the financial capabilities of the consumer. The cost of some types of roofing can be very high and most developers cannot afford them.

General characteristics of roofing materials

Regardless of the specific features and technical characteristics, all roofing materials have common evaluation criteria.

1. Maximum total loads. They must withstand snow cover, gusts of wind, the weight of builders.
2. Operating parameters. These include durability, ease of installation and maintenance, original design solutions.
3. Price. It is necessary to take into account not only the price of the material itself, but also additional elements, special nodes of the truss system, requirements for the crate, and other conditions. In addition, the complexity of the installation has a significant impact, the amount of remuneration of roofers depends on it.

Due to the fact that the roof is constantly exposed to numerous negative factors, it must be resistant to mechanical stress, deformation, harsh UV rays, and large temperature fluctuations. At the same time, for a long period of time, maintain tightness and a presentable appearance of the roof, do not require much time for maintenance, be maintainable and replaceable.

Important factors are the durability and maintainability of the roof

What are the most popular types of roofing for a house?

There is no unequivocal and universal advice on choosing the type of roof, each of them has its strengths and weaknesses, many factors should be taken into account during the selection. Moreover, not all of them are objective, caused by the operating conditions of the building. Many are purely subjective, outside advisers cannot influence the choice, the final decision is made only by the consumer, taking into account his personal preferences.

metal tile

To date, the most used material for roofing buildings for various purposes. It is made of thin-sheet rolled products, has several layers of corrosion protection. A profile with interchangeable dimensions is formed on special equipment. External coating - extra strong polymer paints of various colors. Warranty 5-15 years, in practice it is operated up to 30 years. It can have a glossy or matte front surface; dust is less retained on a glossy one.

Disadvantages - on complex roofs, the amount of waste increases to 15%. There is a high probability of purchasing low-quality coatings due to the difficulty of quality control by consumers. It is impossible to independently determine the thickness and uniformity of the zinc layer, it is also difficult to determine the parameters of painting. Another problem is that fire regulations require lightning rods to be installed on all metal roofs, which complicates the installation of the roof.

Prices for metal tiles

metal tile

Bituminous (flexible) tile

It ranks second in popularity after metal coatings. It is made of durable bitumen roofing material on a polymer basis. The waterproof layer is artificial bitumen modified with innovative additives, new manufacturing technologies increase the plasticity of the material even at low temperatures, increase mechanical strength and resistance to sunlight.

The plasticity of the base and bitumen allows you to easily compensate for minor temperature fluctuations in the roof elements. The top layer is covered with stone chips - the appearance improves, resistance to various damages increases, and the operating time increases.

The angle of inclination of the roof must be at least 12 °, the material can be used on roofs of complex geometry. Excellent technological characteristics minimize the amount of unproductive waste (no more than 5%).

Disadvantages - susceptibility to UV rays, over time, mold and moss appear on the surface, which significantly worsens the appearance of the roof. Due to the fact that the laying technology requires a continuous crate and does not provide for natural ventilation, during the construction of the truss system it is necessary to use the most expensive waterproof OSB board, which almost doubles the estimated cost of the roof.

Prices for various types and manufacturers of shingles

Composite polymer sand tiles

Quite complex from a technological point of view, roofing material is made from sand (up to 70%), polymers (up to 25%) and dyes (up to 5%). Resistant to negative influences of external factors, able to withstand significant mechanical loads. Weight up to 21 kg, service life up to 50 years, warranty up to 15 years.

The material is not afraid of static and dynamic loads. According to these indicators, it significantly exceeds the indicators of natural ceramic tiles. It has a low thermal conductivity, which reduces the volume of condensate during temperature fluctuations. The absence of pores increases freeze/thaw resistance, some types can withstand up to 200 cycles.

Disadvantages - high cost, complexity of installation, moderately flammable coating. The main problem is unscrupulous manufacturers. Such companies use recycled polymer, it is obtained after recycling. Secondary plastic is significantly inferior in quality to the primary one, respectively, the actual performance characteristics of polymer tiles do not meet the declared ones.

cement tiles

Piece roofing, made from a cement-sand mixture. To improve the appearance, various dyes are added.

Cement tiles are heavy, which requires special preparation of the truss system. It is the only roofing material that increases strength over time. The maximum values ​​of physical strength cement mortar is gaining in a hundred years.

The roof is durable, holds loads well, including shock. Withstands approximately 50 freeze/thaw cycles and is not afraid of sunlight. It is made from quartz sand and cement. Mineral dyes are added to change the color.

Disadvantages - the complexity of laying, highly qualified roofers are required.

Over time, mosses and mold appear on the surface. At the time of purchase, you should carefully check the uniformity of dimensions, the slightest violation of technology or manufacturing on obsolete equipment causes deviations from geometry. Cement is afraid of acidic environments, in connection with this, it is strongly not recommended to use cement tiles to cover houses located in large industrial cities.

One of the most expensive and difficult to install roofing. Piece material, only the most experienced roofers are allowed to install. It is made from natural clay by pressing and firing. The technology is complex and expensive, it requires a large amount of special industrial equipment and the proximity of a quarry with clay suitable for analysis. The service life is 70 years, but there are many examples of old buildings with preserved roofing.

Natural tiles are considered an exclusive material, used on prestigious buildings or during the reconstruction of historical buildings. It can be repaired, the replacement of tiles that have failed for various reasons is not very difficult.

The main disadvantage is the high cost. The price is artificially high, the production of the material does not require such large financial investments. The complexity of installation increases the cost of the truss system by about 10–15%, the roof can only be mounted on slopes with a large angle of inclination.

Another drawback is that even minor violations of the laying technology will definitely make themselves felt during the operation of the building. It is difficult to check the quality immediately after the completion of work, it is necessary to press on the roof.

Comparative table of characteristics of various types of tiles

Parameter
Average weight kg/m	4–6	8–11	8–9	45–55	45–55
Noisiness	High	Low	Medium	Low	Low
Open fire resistance	non-combustible	Supports open burning	non-combustible	non-combustible	non-combustible
Warranty period from the manufacturer	15–20	25–30	45–50	35–40	60–80
Average cost, rub.	850–950	1050–1250	1250–1500	1150–1300	1600–1800
Approximate wages for roofers, rub.	300–400	400–600	300–500	500–650	600–800
Approximate estimate of the roof, rub.	1150–1350	1400–1850	1550–2100	1650–1950	2200–2600

The profiled sheet is as popular as metal tiles.

Prices for different types of tiles

Roof tiles

Specifications of profiled sheet

Technical parameters differ slightly from metal tiles, service life is 15–20 years. At a cost slightly lower than metal tiles, which makes it the cheapest modern roofing material, except for bitumen and slate. But bituminous coatings are very rarely used on pitched roofs of houses. The profiled sheet has a different thickness and profile parameters, the color is classified according to international standards.

Decking as roofing

Disadvantages - the appearance does not meet modern requirements. This shortcoming is temporary, at present, manufacturers have learned how to make very beautiful profiles with simple geometry. Another problem is the high sound conductivity, but it manifests itself only in cases where the attic space is residential. A lot of noise occurs during heavy rain or hail, such precipitation in most regions of our country occurs infrequently, noise does not bring great inconvenience.

It is made on the basis of cellulose cloth, modified bitumen is used as a hydroprotection, the color is changed by pigments. It has the appearance of a wave slate.

The warranty is 5-10 years depending on the type and manufacturer, but in practice it can last more than 20 years. Resistant to hail, can bend and take the form of a truss system. Special coatings inhibit the development of fungi and mold on the surface, do not impair the initial performance in the temperature range from -40°C to +80°C. Frost resistance not less than 25 cycles, not afraid of chemical compounds. For the price it belongs to the category of budget roofing.

Ondulin - budget roofing

Disadvantages: the color of the surface changes under the influence of ultraviolet rays, the edges are slightly wrapped. Ondulin burns, requires unconditional compliance with all fire safety rules. According to the total quality indicators, it occupies the last position among all roofing materials.

Prices for various types of ondulin

Sheet galvanized steel

Currently, it is rarely used and only in seam roofs. It is installed on a continuous crate, due to its flexibility it can copy the shape of the roof. It is rarely used on houses, it is recommended for various sheds and outbuildings.

Disadvantages - the design does not meet the needs of modern developers, a continuous crate is required for coverage. Low bending strength indicators exclude the possibility of arranging natural ventilation of the under-roof space. To increase the service life, all wooden elements of the rafter system must be impregnated several times with antiseptics, if possible, use moisture-resistant plates.

Prices for galvanized steel sheets

Galvanized steel sheet

Keramoplast

It is made from a special modified polymer with increased parameters of physical strength and resistance to UV rays. To reduce the cost, natural fillers are introduced into the composition, the color depends on coloring additives. A relatively new roofing material, in appearance it resembles wavy slate. It has a variety of colors, service life of 30 years.

Does not absorb moisture, respectively, is not afraid of freezing / freezing. Plasticity allows you to dampen shock loads, the roof can be used in various climatic zones, except for the Far North. It is easy to cut, during laying there is no need to use special devices and tools. The installation technology resembles the laying of ordinary slate.

Disadvantages - high cost does not match the same high performance. Under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, plastic gradually loses its original properties, becomes brittle and cracks under slight loads. It makes no sense to repair the roof, physical aging occurs on the entire roof area. The only way out is to completely replace the roof, which is expensive and time consuming.

Asbestos-cement wave slate

Traditional roofing material, made of cement and asbestos fillers. It can have a different number of waves, currently it is used only on non-prestigious buildings. In our country, slate is made from safe asbestos, which is not listed as a carcinogen. Sheets can have a natural color or be painted in various shades. Despite the wide variety of modern roofing materials, traditional slate still occupies a high position in sales today. Warranty period of service is not less than 30 years, in practice more than fifty are operated.

There are several disadvantages - a lot of weight and low mechanical strength. Large weight complicates the installation process and requires special measures to strengthen the truss system. Slate cracks easily with minor changes in the linearity of the roof, the coating has to be repaired. If a strong hail falls in the region, then the roof will have to be completely changed.

Slate roof - photo

Prices for various types of slate

Slate

Roofing made of natural stone, serves as a decoration of any prestigious building. It is characterized by excellent indicators of the duration of operation, resistant to chemical compounds, including aggressive ones. Unaffected by urban smog.

Disadvantages - high weight, high cost, low physical strength characteristics. Exclusive coverage, very rare. It is recommended to make to order, taking into account the architectural features of the roof. This approach reduces the amount of unproductive waste and has a positive effect on the cost of roofing.

Aluminum roof

It is used as a sheet roofing material or material for the manufacture of piece tiles. The service life is practically unlimited. Coatings easily take the desired shape, does not require additional processing of the front surface. It is laid only on a continuous crate. Aluminum can be used for the manufacture of various profiles, there are options for covering the roof with even sheets.

copper roof

Very beautiful, very expensive and very durable material. Over time, it becomes covered with a patina - a protective anti-corrosion film. The service life is at least 100 years, it is not afraid of negative temperatures and heating.

The main disadvantage is the high cost. Can be made from 100% copper or alloys with tin and aluminum. Elite material, used only on the most expensive houses, historical or religious buildings.

Disadvantages - it is required to completely exclude contact with iron, with such contact corrosion processes are accelerated by several orders of magnitude. Another disadvantage is that the color of the patina changes over time, areas with different shades may appear. Not all users like it.

thatched roof

The traditional roofing of last century's poor country houses is making a comeback among the most modern builders today. Used by lovers of natural eco-friendly houses, the roof gives the building a unique look. Roofers of the highest qualification are involved in the work; if all the rules are followed, the coating can last up to fifty years. The roof does not require additional thermal insulation, perfectly dampens noise. Due to the special laying technology, fire safety characteristics are significantly increased.

Video - Characteristics of different types of roofing

The upper element of the roof, which protects the house from the influence of natural manifestations and mechanical influences, is called the roof. Roof covering not only performs practical functions, but also creates a general appearance of the entire building. Therefore, the choice of the optimal material for covering the roof is very important. A variety of types of roofing for the roofs of private houses can make a person inexperienced in these matters confused. But having at least general knowledge about the quality and functionality of a particular type of material, you can successfully choose the right roofing.

What you should pay attention to:

Fire resistance and durability;

architectural solutions.

Metal roof

These types of roofing material for the roofs of a private house are lightweight, which makes it possible to lay them on lightweight roofs. The strength of the metal tile allows it to withstand human weight.

She possesses

Fire resistance and frost resistance;

It has a wide color palette, so with its help you can realize the most daring design ideas and make a private house original and unusual;

In addition, tiles can have a wave shape, be cascading, Roman, differ in size and thickness.

Color solutions for metal tiles

Cons of metal roofing:

Poor sound insulation of the house, which is especially noticeable during rain or hail;

A small level of thermal insulation;

A fragile protective layer that is easily damaged during transport or installation.

This is what the sheet looks like up close.

The cost of such roofing material varies from 200 to 700 rubles per sheet.

Roofing from corrugated board

Profiled metal sheets that have a wide color palette are called corrugated board. They are usually made of galvanized steel and given a recognizable wave shape to ensure rigidity.

Pros of corrugated roofing:

Light weight;

Long service life;

Ease of installation;

Environmental friendliness and versatility for any home;

Variety of colors;

Beautiful exterior of the house.

However, this roofing material also has a number of disadvantages:

The house heats up quickly in the sun;

May corrode if damaged.

Has a high noise level during rain;

If the installation of corrugated board was carried out by non-professionals, then the tightness may be broken.

The cost of corrugated board is small - from 150 rubles per linear meter.

Ondulin roof

For the manufacture of ondulin sheets, cellulose fiber, refined bitumen, mineral filler are used, and it is impregnated with a polymer resin. This material for the roof of a private house has high technical characteristics, which allows it to compete with other materials of this kind.

The main advantages of ondulin roofing:

Environmental friendliness;

High soundproofing properties of the house;

This option is resistant to UV rays;

Resistance to fungi, mold, insect damage;

Light weight.

The disadvantages of ondulin are:

Weak resistance to temperature fluctuations;

Low level of fire safety;

Relatively short service life (up to 25 years).

The cost of options for this material for roofing ranges from 300 to 600 rubles per sheet measuring 1.95 * 0.96 m.

Slate roof

This type of roofing material for the roof, like slate, has been very popular for a long time. It is made from a mixture of asbestos and cement. Sometimes slate is painted in different colors to match the color of the house, but most often used in its original form, that is, in gray.

Advantages of asbestos-cement slate:

Strength;

Does not warm up in the sun;

Does not conduct electricity;

Good maintainability;

Not combustibility;

Not susceptible to corrosion.

Slate replacement photo

The disadvantages of slate roofing include:

The fragility of building materials;

Great weight;

Ability to absorb rain and melt water.

As for the cost, it is quite low - from 150 rubles for a standard sheet.

Flexible roof tiles

The flexible tile has a high-tech and multi-layer structure and consists of fiberglass impregnated with bitumen and various polymer additives.

Advantages of shingle roofs:

Environmental friendliness and safety;

Flexibility and plasticity;

Water resistance;

Durability;

Respectable appearance;

Resistance to mechanical influences.

Flexible tiles can be of different colors

This type of roofing for the roofs of private houses has some disadvantages:

It is difficult to replace a single element, the tile heats up quickly in the scorching sun.

Also, the high cost of such material can be added to the minuses - from 200 rubles per square meter.

Roll built-up roofing

Multilayer guide roll material is made on the basis of fiberglass, polymers or bitumen.

Its advantages:

High strength, which reduces the chance of tearing during styling;

Good vapor permeability;

Ease;

Environmental friendliness;

Variety of design;

Possibility of sealing seams by heat welding.

The disadvantages of this roofing option for the roofs of private houses include:

Not very attractive appearance;

Low fire resistance;

The possibility of slipping at large angles of inclination (30 degrees or more).

The price of such roofing material is small - from 350 rubles per roll of 9 m².

The roofs of private houses are one of the fundamental elements of the entire structure. A spectacular, appropriately designed roof is the calling card of the house, a measure of the taste of the owners. An important supporting structure, it is designed to protect housing from the vagaries of the weather and maintain a comfortable temperature and humidity. Modern construction offers all kinds of roofs for a private house. All of them can become a reliable, stable and durable solution, provided that the loads on the structure are correctly calculated and the appropriate building materials are selected.

The roof as a calling card Source freepvpgame.com

The main types of roofs

The main division of roofs into types is made depending on the appearance, and even the naked eye of a non-professional can distinguish one type of roof from another.

flat

Modern fashion trends have made flat roofs a popular trend in private construction. Roofs of this type are soft, have a slope of up to 3 °. They can be a worthy option for many reasons:

• Due to the minimum area, significant savings are achieved on materials, construction and installation work and construction time. The same can be said about subsequent maintenance and repair.
• Such a roof is an additional multifunctional area. Here you can install an antenna, an air conditioning system or solar panels. The roof makes it possible to equip a sports ground, a place for comfortable rest and sunbathing, to break a flower garden.

The main disadvantage is the small slope angle. In areas with snowy winters, a large amount of snow can accumulate on such a roof, sufficient to damage the structure. With warming, there is a high probability of leaks, but this is mainly a feature of buildings, during the construction of which the construction technology was violated.

On a flat roof you can place a recreation area Source krovlyaikrysha.ru

pitched

Pitched roof - with sloped surfaces that allow the roof to self-clean naturally. The slope of the slopes is characterized by an angle to the horizon; it can vary from 5° to 70°.

Pitched roof types of roofs of private houses make it possible to use the attic space for household needs and as an attic. The design of a pitched roof depends both on the architecture of the building and the material for the finishing coating, and on the climate.

There are various pitched roofs of houses, varieties are grouped according to the shape and number of slopes:

• Shed. Such structures rest on walls of different heights. Simple, cheap and durable option.
• gable. They allow you to equip an attic or attic, they remove precipitation well. Practical and common.
• Four slope. The most durable and reliable. But the heavy weight of the roof requires strengthening the supporting structure.
• Tent, design. The most unusual and costly options.

hipped roof; ideal for a house in the form of a square or a regular polygon Source happymodern.ru

spherical

Interest in spherical structures is consistently high. In addition to the original appearance, they attract with additional advantages:

• Streamlined shape. Avoids direct wind pressure, which is a guarantee of strength and integrity.
• Tightness. Provided with roofing material (usually galvanized steel).
• Ease of maintenance. Snow and water do not accumulate on the surface.

Online roof calculator

To find out the approximate cost of various types of roofing, use the following calculator.:

Optimal slope angles for roofs

Professional builders know that the angles of inclination for roofs are selected based on the upcoming operating conditions. When determining the optimal angle of inclination of the roof, several factors are taken into account:

Natural (climatic) factors

A properly designed roof must withstand the wind and precipitation that is typical for the area.

• In areas with snowy winters, a large angle of inclination of the roof is set (45-60 °); so the snow melts smoothly, the likelihood of glaciation decreases.
• In order for the structure to survive in areas with strong winds, the slope angle is made minimal. To reduce windage, choose a range of 9-20 °.
• In the southern regions, where sunny weather prevails, the best option would be a flat roof, with a slope of 3-5 ° (for water to drain). Compared to other types of roofs, it will heat up less.
• The optimal slope angle is considered to be from 20 to 45 °.

Snow does not accumulate on a properly made roof. Source nagradi.me

Type of roofing material

The minimum slope angle of the slopes depends on the choice of roofing.

• Slate coating, tiles. Moisture will not accumulate and seep with a minimum roof slope of 22° (for tiles) and 30° for slate.
• Ruberoid, euroroofing material. The number of layers determines the value of the parameter. For a roof of 2 layers, a slope of 15 ° is required, for 3 - 5 ° is enough.
• Professional sheet. The minimum allowable roof pitch is 12°.
• Metal tile. The minimum roof pitch is limited to 14°.
• Ondulin. The minimum indicator is 6 °.
• Soft tiles. Mounted with a slope of 11°.
• Roof coverings of membrane type. Set the minimum slope within 3-5 °.

Video description

What should be the roof - in the video:

Frame structural differences - popular configurations

Despite the high interest in flat roofs, the leader in popularity is still pitched roofs, which, with some stretch, include hipped roofs. Therefore, when determining the optimal design, it is preferable to choose from the following options:

Shed

This design is an inclined plane, which is based on external load-bearing walls of different heights. It is supplied with outbuildings (garage, veranda, barn). Its advantages are ease of installation, cost-effectiveness and ease of repair. Disadvantages: the choice of such a roof excludes the construction of an attic; strong winds can tear even a well-fixed roof. But modern materials significantly increase both the beauty and the strength of the shed roofs of private houses - the photo below shows one of the solutions that allows you to make a two-story house with an attic.

Shed roof in a modern style Source houzz.es

gable

Classic variants of the roof of a private house, reliably protecting from bad weather in various climatic conditions. Such designs are easy to install and reliable in operation; for the roof, you can choose any material. The basis is made up of 2 slopes (slope), based on two walls of equal height.

Another name for a gable roof is a gable roof (a gable is a plane between the slopes).

Advantages:

• Self-cleaning from snow, little chance of leakage.
• Large selection of available materials in the manufacture.
• The possibility of arranging an attic space.

disadvantages:

• Difficult installation due to the slope of the roof.
• A weak structural element is the valley (the inner corner at the junction of the slopes), which accounts for the maximum climatic impact.

Source vermonttimberworks.com

Combined (multipliers)

Multi-forceps (valley) frameworks are among the most complex. The need for such a configuration arises if the layout of the building does not allow the use of a simpler design. The features of multi-forced forms are:

• Difficult installation of additional crossings, requiring professional knowledge and good weather.
• Additional costs of materials and time, a large amount of waste material.
• To eliminate problems with the appearance of condensate, high-quality steam and waterproofing is carried out, high-quality ventilation is equipped.

Hip and semi-hip

The hip roof consists of four surfaces (slopes). Two large slopes have the shape of an isosceles trapezoid, two lateral ones are triangular (hips). In semi-hip roofs (they are also called Dutch), the hip takes on a truncated form, which is why overhangs with a small overhang and a smaller angle of inclination are formed at the ends of the building.

Such types of roofing for the roof of a private house are difficult to design and install (they require reinforcement of the truss system), but they are economical in terms of material consumption; they justify themselves in northern regions with strong winds.

Source roofsrustulsa.com

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer roof repair and design services. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Tent

The roof consists of slopes in the form of isosceles triangles converging at one point. Such a construction, which involves the construction of an attic floor, is difficult to design; mitigating circumstance - a minimum of consumables. The aerodynamic shape of the roof helps to resist the winds.

A special class of roofs are round (dome) roofs, repeating the shape of a figure of rotation. Similar roofs can be seen on places of worship; they are installed in stadiums, swimming pools, industrial buildings, verandas and winter gardens, and increasingly in private construction.

vaulted (arched)

A vaulted (arched) roof can be designed over an attic room, a hall, a winter garden or an entrance. At the base is placed a supporting structure made of metal, concrete or wood. The coating is galvanized steel, shingles (shingles), glass, polycarbonate, transparent slate. Such a solution is practical and original; the coating is wind resistant, and the use of a transparent material saves energy.

Source superfb.site

Geodetic

A conventional domed roof is created on the basis of a curved frame.

Geodesic domed roof allows you to get a spherical structure without the use of rafters and vertical stops. The frame is assembled from triangular elements assembled from bars. Between themselves, the bars are connected by metal connectors; a connecting beam is mounted between the rows.

To design the structure, a 3D modeling computer program is required. Compared to a pitched roof, the consumption of materials is on average one third less.

Features of mansard roofs

For several centuries, since the invention in France, mansard roofs have been invariably popular. An attic is usually called an attic space adapted (or planned) for living.

Types of roofs of private houses with an attic please with variety. All kinds of types are suitable for arranging attics - gable, hip, hipped, domed. There is enough space in the attic attic to create a living room, a training room, a library or a winter garden. Since the attic room is located in the upper part of the building, it requires a special approach:

• Loss of heat from lower living spaces causes condensation to form on the inside of the roof. The design must provide for careful vapor and waterproofing, as well as ventilation.
• The attic room has no internal walls, it is in full contact with the external environment. Actual for the room is thermal insulation with mineral wool or polystyrene foam. For interior decoration, natural wood is best suited.

Source julifecer.com

Cladding materials

The use of one or another type of material for roofing is primarily due to the climatic features of the region. Even the traditional "issue price" often gives in to common sense - no one has yet been able to save on the quality of the roof. The most popular materials are traditionally:

Tiling (metal, bitumen or ceramic)

• Metal shingles are a popular option, valued for their durability, low price, and ability to withstand impact, which is especially valuable when loading and transporting. The metal tile is lightweight (does not create pressure on the foundation), and is easily attached. The disadvantage is uneconomical installation (a significant percentage goes to waste) and poor sound insulation, which becomes noticeable in any rain.
• Bituminous (flexible) tile. This coating has high sound and heat insulation, but requires professional installation.
• Natural (ceramic) tiles. Time-tested material with the advantages of metal tiles, except for one. Significant weight requires a reinforced roof.

Tiles can be laid on the roof of any shape Source dnolchare.blogspot.com

Slate

Slate is the most affordable material containing up to 15% asbestos. This limits the scope of its application to buildings for economic purposes. Slate has great strength in bending and impact; it is non-flammable and easily processed (cut by a grinder). The disadvantages are fragility, high hygroscopicity (it can become covered with moss over time) and a health hazard.

glass roof

The glass roof (especially its spectacular version - panoramic) attracts with many advantages. In addition to the original appearance, this design perfectly protects from the weather and reduces energy bills. The main disadvantage is its cost, including the complexity of design and installation. In addition, in the summer the room turns into a greenhouse, and in order not to look sloppy, the glass roof needs regular cleaning.

"Green" roof

The growing attention to environmental issues has generated interest in the green roof. Modern technical solutions developed in the Scandinavian countries make it possible to realize the desire to communicate with nature more often.

Log cabin with eco-roof Source pinterest.com

During installation, layers of hydro- and thermal insulation are laid on the roof with a waterproof membrane that protects the roof from roots. Then a drainage layer is formed and, finally, a vegetation layer (soil) on which plants can be planted.

Eco-roof serves not only as a decorative element. It maintains a stable microclimate in the house, protects against noise and reduces the load on the sewer (by absorbing rainwater). At the same time, significant expenses for organization and time for subsequent care are inevitable.

Another green roof option Source pfpi-co.com

Beautiful and original roof projects: photo and video

Video description

See interesting types of roofs of private houses in the following video:

And more original varieties of roofs of houses in the photo:

Symbiosis of a flat and pitched roof of a high-tech house Source viendoraglass.com

An interesting design solution for a pitched roof Source remontbp.com

A window in the attic at one time was a difficult technical task Source superdom.ua

The absence of a ceiling visually enlarges the room Source music4good.ru

Conical and pitched roofs on the same house Source cosmictherap.com

The manufacture of such structures should be trusted exclusively to professionals. Source horodom.cx.ua

Source weareart.ru

For such beauty to remain functional, careful calculations are required. Source roofcostestimator.com

The classic solution for a two-story house Source za.pinterest.com

In such a design, it is very important to correctly make the junction points of the roof of the first floor to the walls. Source houzz.com

Classic gable roof, but assembled on several levels. Source houzz.com

Four-pitched roof with an additional canopy over the terrace and a skylight Source casacom.pro

Source pinterest.com

In such structures, it is necessary to carefully calculate the possibility of shrinkage of the building. Source pinterest.com

A large window in the attic provides good lighting in the room. Source houzbuzz.com

An original design that requires careful windage calculations Source pinterest.com

"Modified" classic gable roof Source dom-izhevsk.ru

What is interesting here is not so much the design as the material of the cladding. Source superfb.site

An example of arranging a flat roof as an outdoor recreation area Source michalschein.com

The ideal solution for a roof over the pool - if necessary, the area is completely closed Source rus-teplitsa.ru

Conclusion

Starting the construction of a private house, the owner wants to choose a roof that is not only aesthetically perfect, but also reliable, able to last for a long time. This choice is not always unambiguous, each option has pros and cons. To make the right decision, it is not enough just to know the types of roofs and their names - you should consider a set of issues, including design features and the general architecture of the building, climatic conditions and, of course, personal preferences.