The construction of a local sewage system is an excellent way out of a situation where it is not possible to connect a country house or cottage to the central sewer. Often the "heart" of the wastewater disposal system is an industrial aerobic septic tank. Such devices are very effective in treating wastewater, but require regular maintenance. Often, cottage owners resort to the services of specialized companies for this, although septic tank maintenance can be done independently. Using the most popular Topas, Unilos Astra 5 and Eurobion units as an example, we will talk about the features and frequency of their service, as well as give some useful tips from professionals.
Topas septic tank cleaning
Stick to a maintenance schedule
Topas septic tanks do not need constant monitoring, as they are modern autonomous systems. However, for their effective trouble-free operation, periodic maintenance of the units is required. The manufacturer prescribes the following frequency of preventive measures:
- Removal of unprocessed residues in the form of garbage, as well as sludge deposits, cleaning of the coarse filter, airlifts and nozzles - once a quarter.
- Compressor air filter cleaning - 1 time in 12 months.
- Replacing the membrane mechanisms of the compressor - 1 time in 24 months.
- Cleaning of the aerotank chamber and the bottom of the primary chamber - 1 time in 5 years.
- Replacement of aerators - after 12-15 years of operation.
Approximately the same requirements for the frequency of maintenance of the septic tank are put forward by other manufacturers of such devices.
Sludge removal
Once a quarter, it is required to remove the sludge residue, maintain the coarse filter and remove unprocessed waste.
Remember that it is impossible to allow the complete removal of sludge from the chamber, because the biological treatment of wastewater takes place only if it is present.
In order not to get a layer of dense sludge at the bottom of the sludge inlet, it is regularly pumped out using an airlift, which is equipped with a sludge inlet chamber:
- Remove the airlift plug.
- Connect the hose of the standard pump to the drain tank.
- The sludge can be pumped out after the pump is turned on. During its operation, make sure that the remaining sludge in the chamber is at least one third.
- The sludge receptacle is filled with fresh water to the required level.
Sometimes the airlift refuses to work. Most often this happens due to its blockage, so the unit is dismantled and washed. After that, the pump is installed in place, and the process is repeated again.
If it is impossible to remove the lower part of the sediment with an airlift, a drainage pump should be used. As a rule, such equipment is not included in the kit, so it will have to be purchased separately.
Do not remove all sludge, biological treatment occurs when it is present
Servicing the coarse filter
Filter maintenance, which consists in cleaning it from large particles, is carried out at least once every three months. At the same time, the Topas station is completely turned off, and the work is carried out in the following sequence:
- Disconnect the hoses that supply air from the nozzles to the airlifts. Sometimes their hardened ends cause certain difficulties. To remove them, you can use a lighter or a building hair dryer.
- After disconnecting the fasteners, remove the airlift of the main pump.
- Remove the coarse filter. To do this, snap off the clips that secure it to the body.
- Flush all parts and hoses with a high pressure pump.
- Clean the air nozzles (you can use a needle).
- Assemble the entire assembly in the reverse order, connect the nozzles.
- Launch Topas.
When connecting airlifts, it is important not to confuse the connection hoses, otherwise the septic tank will not be able to work properly.
Garbage removal
Garbage not processed by microorganisms accumulates in a special chamber provided by the manufacturer of the septic tank
Although the requirements for the operation of a septic tank do not allow the discharge of inorganic waste, this, as a rule, cannot be avoided. Garbage not processed by microorganisms accumulates in a special chamber provided by the manufacturer of the septic tank.
To clean this chamber, the septic tank is turned off, the garbage collection device (the so-called “comb”) is removed and washed with a high-pressure pump or simply with a strong stream of water. After that, all the elements are installed in their original places and the septic tank is put into operation.
Features of cleaning Unilos septic tanks
Unilos septic tanks (Mega, Cedar, Astra) have long established themselves as reliable and efficient devices for the treatment of domestic wastewater. Their design includes several chambers, which allows for the most complete wastewater treatment. The most popular among owners of country houses is the Unilos Astra septic tank. The digital index of the model characterizes how many people this device is designed for (Unilos Astra 3 is designed to serve a house in which a family of 3 lives, Unilos Astra 8 - for 8 family members).
Unilos septic tanks (Mega, Cedar, Astra) are effective in cleaning domestic wastewater
The manufacturer of the septic tank installed membrane-type aerators, the service life of which is at least 10 years, as well as chambers without moving parts. In combination with intermittent aeration, this approach increased the economy and reliability of the septic tank as a whole, although it did not eliminate the need for periodic cleaning.
Just like in the Topas septic tank, pumping sludge is possible thanks to the work of airlifts. This allows not only to preserve the structure of the biomass during its movement, but also to avoid the use of an additional pump to remove excess sludge from the chamber. Maintenance of Unilos septic tanks takes place in several stages:
- External inspection of all chambers and performance monitoring of the pump and solenoid valves.
- Cleaning the coarse fraction filter and airlift located in the receiving compartment of the Astra septic tank.
- Pumping out sludge mamut - pump. In order to drain the sludge, it is necessary to prepare a suitable container. Sludge is pumped out in a semi-automatic mode. It is important to remove the sludge at least once every three months, otherwise you will have to use a drainage pump. Its use is regulated every 6 months.
- After removing the sludge, clean water is poured into the chamber.
Remember that during each maintenance of Unilos Astra, cleaning of nozzles, membrane valves, aeration tank and filters is required.
The frequency of preventive maintenance is as follows:
- Cleaning the filter-trap of the aeration tank - at least once every 6 months.
- Membrane replacement - every two years.
- Full cleaning of tanks and replacement of all elements of the system - once every five years.
Please note that when carrying out self-maintenance, the frequency of preventive maintenance increases by 1.5 times, which is due to the lack of professional equipment.
When using a septic tank, it is not allowed to exceed the level of wastewater, moreover, with intensive use of the device, it is required to service it much more often.
Entrust septic tank maintenance to professionals
Maintenance of a septic tank Eurobion
Eurobion septic tanks are fairly simple devices, so their maintenance on their own is provided by the manufacturer. Maintenance of the device is simplified as much as possible and practically does not differ from preventive work on cleaning septic tanks of other brands.
At the same time, the manufacturer puts forward several specific requirements that must be taken into account during the operation of the system:
- Control of water transparency at the outlet of the device (the manufacturer does not recommend draining treated effluents into a suction well).
- Check the condition of the compressor membrane at least once every three years.
- Inspection of sedimentation tanks at least once a month.
- Control of the odor intensity of treated wastewater.
- Checking the presence of sludge at the outlet of the device.
As you can see, such requirements are quite simple, and their implementation will allow you to control the operation of the unit. The same control must be exercised over the work of other aerobic septic tanks. This will allow you to notice problems that arise during their operation in time and take appropriate measures to restore the devices to working capacity.
Video: Septic tank maintenance
Proper operation of a septic tank involves not only timely maintenance, but also the implementation of some simple rules for its use.
Remember that aerobic bacteria take on all the work of cleaning sewer water in a septic tank. It is their life support that determines how effective your system will be. Make it a rule - no chemicals in wastewater. Detergents - only marked "bio", discarding cleaning products for kitchen surfaces - no more than once a week. Solid insoluble waste - in the wastebasket, and in the event of a power outage - a minimum of wastewater. If you do not follow these simple rules, the device will not be able to work properly, and this will not only affect the degree of wastewater treatment, but also necessitate more frequent maintenance.
Private ownership in most cases needs the arrangement of individual communications. And the most important of them are water supply and sewerage.
If in the first case everything is more or less clear (you can drill a well or dig a well), then things are much more complicated with sewage. Here it is necessary to determine the type of treatment plant, choose a place for its installation, find out the total amount of domestic wastewater in the area and decide on the method of cleaning and discharging domestic wastewater.
Today, individual Astra sewerage systems from the Unilos company have found the widest application among Russian consumers. How the cleaning system works, its advantages and principles of maintenance, we understand our material.
Astra septic tanks are complex engineering systems for cleaning, filtering and discharging domestic wastewater in a suburban area. Such a device allows you to solve several problems at once in country estates with the help of one small tank with an upper hatch and several side pipes.
The Unilos septic tank is arranged quite simply, which at the same time does not detract from the effectiveness of its work. The tank, which looks like a single unit, has four internal chambers. They then contribute to the phased high-quality treatment of wastewater and their further disposal outside the sewer.
The principle of operation of the Astra septic tank is as follows:
- First, the drains under the action of gravity enter the first largest chamber of the sewer tank. The gravitational force works here, which forces heavy particles of impurities (feces) to settle to the bottom. Thanks to this, the water is slightly clarified and overflows into the second chamber of the Astra septic tank.
- A special powerful aerator is installed in the second chamber, which saturates waste and already clarified water with oxygen molecules. Thanks to this treatment, aerobic bacteria in the wastewater begin their vigorous activity and contribute to the organic decomposition of water into the simplest components - nitrates, nitrites and water.
- The third chamber collects residual sludge, which is formed under the influence of aerobic bacteria.
- And already in the fourth chamber, the clarified water passes the stage of bacteriological post-treatment, after which the liquid can be considered suitable for its safe transportation to the ground in accordance with the sanitary standards of the Russian Federation.
In this case, the overflow of wastewater from chamber to chamber is carried out using simple plastic tubes and the movement of oxygen in the tank.
Important: you can find out about them from SNiP by simply filling in a request on the Internet “SNiP. Sewerage and water disposal.
If the consumer wants to improve the Unilos wastewater treatment system, then the septic tank can be equipped with special pumps, drainage pressure systems. This will also help to avoid equipment repair in some cases (large debris getting into the first receiving compartment of the tank).
Advantages of the Astra septic tank
Private sewerage - Astra treatment plant is a perfectly designed system that can handle different volumes of sewage depending on the model of the equipment. But regardless of the device model, all Unilos septic tanks have a number of advantages:
- High speed wastewater treatment any volume due to the reliable and accurate design of the septic tank;
- Excellent quality of domestic wastewater treatment. Water, according to reviews, is 98% purified, which is an acceptable rate for discharging water into the ground, storm sewers or roadside ditches;
- The parameters of Astra septic tanks are quite small which does not require a large area for their installation.
- In addition, Unilos treatment facilities mounted deep into the ground that does not violate the landscape design of the site.
- Repair and maintenance of waste systems "Astra" are quite simple, and therefore any owner will cope with them.
- In addition, Unilos sewers completely eliminate the presence of noise and unpleasant odors in the area from the operating station.
Important: Astra individual sewers are volatile (work from the mains), but at the same time they consume only 60 W / h, which allows us to talk about saving the family budget.
- The advantages of private sewage from Unilos include the strength of the tank. It is made of high quality polypropylene, the thickness of which around the entire perimeter reaches 20 mm. This, plus large stiffeners, allows the septic tank to be kept at a given depth in the ground and not be susceptible to damage due to ground shifts or groundwater.
- Due to this thickness of the tank walls, the need for additional insulation of the septic tank is eliminated.
- All residual sludge from such a sewer can be used as fertilizer for a garden or vegetable garden due to effective cleaning.
Model overview
For private sewage, it is necessary to select Astra treatment plant models depending on the volumes of wastewater that will be fed into the reservoir over a constant period of time. So, the market offers buyers such (frequently bought) models of the Astra cleaning device:
- Septic tank "Astra" 3 from "Unilos". Such a sewer is the most compact and is designed for installation in areas with small houses. Such a sewage system can process from 0.5 to 1 m3 of wastewater per day.
- The Astra 5 model is the most popular among Russian consumers. The septic tank is designed for installation in a house in which 4-5 people live. This model is considered the optimal combination of technical parameters, cost and quality.
- For a house that has a large area and contains a large number of plumbing points, as well as household appliances that work with water, it will be relevant to use the Astra 8 or 10 septic tank model. This type of private sewage system handles 2 m3 of sewage per day without problems and without reducing its efficiency. The Astra 10 model is generally ready for a one-time discharge of water in the amount of 550 liters.
Installation of Astra treatment facilities
In order for the maintenance and possible repair of the Unilos private sewage system to take place more efficiently and quickly, it is necessary to strictly follow all the rules for installing the device. When installing a septic tank, you need to perform the following steps:
- Digging a pit for installing a tank and digging trenches for laying a sewer pipe. At the same time, it is important to make a pit with such parameters that there is an indent of 30 cm from the walls of the tank to the walls of the pit on each side. This space will need to be filled later, after the installation of the septic tank, with a mixture of sand and cement.
- The bottom of the pit should be covered with a layer of sand 15-20 cm thick and compacted well.
Important: if the soil on the site is unsteady, then it is better to concrete the site for the installation of a septic tank in order to avoid its repair in the future.
- Installation of the pipeline and its connection to the septic tank.
- Connecting the cleaning station to the power supply system and starting the device.
Maintenance and repair of Unilos septic tanks
In order to increase the efficiency of the treatment plant and to avoid its possible repair, it is necessary to carry out periodic maintenance. It can be done with your own hands. But if such actions cause you difficulties, then it is enough to enter a query in the search bar "repair and maintenance of septic tanks", and a large list of masters will allow you to choose the most appropriate for the region and price.
So, what does the principle of maintenance of the Astra septic tank include:
- Periodic inspection and diagnostics of the electrical part of the tank. To do this, when servicing, it is enough to open the hatch of the cleaning system and make sure that the electrical components are working, creating a characteristic light hum.
- Visual inspection of the internal chambers of the tank. This must be done in order to understand how full the septic tank is. If its chambers are full, then either the equipment model is chosen incorrectly for the volumes of wastewater from your site, or the system requires cleaning and repair of filter components.
- A visual inspection of all hoses and pipes for damage should also be carried out at the time of maintenance.
- If the third chamber (secondary sump) is full, then here you can do minor repairs yourself. Most likely the grease trap is clogged. It needs to be flushed and reinstalled.
- If the first chamber is full, then repair and maintenance here will consist in removing large debris from it (rags, personal hygiene items, toilet paper).
Important: such inclusions should not enter the wastewater treatment system.
- It is also worth inspecting the second chamber (aerotank). If the tank is full, then it is also worth removing excess debris during maintenance and repair. Here, during maintenance, the hair trap is also cleaned.
- When the visual inspection during maintenance is over, you can proceed to the fine washing of all filters. To do this, you need to remove the coarse filter and airlift from the first sump, and rinse them thoroughly. After that, we install everything in the reverse order, observing the principle of the initial installation. You also need to inspect all membranes and nozzles and, if necessary, rinse them too.
- Also, when carrying out maintenance and minor repairs of the station, it is necessary to pump out the accumulated sludge once a quarter. For this, the system has a special pump. If you have delayed pumping or it has already been about six months, then a more powerful drainage pump will be required to pump out the sludge.
Important: the built-in sludge pump can become clogged if not used for 3-4 months. That is why it is necessary to switch to drainage equipment if the station has not been cleaned for about 6 months or more.
- After pumping out the sludge, the tank must be filled with clean water. The principle of such service is mandatory.
- Also, in order to avoid the complicated repair of the Astra septic tank, it is necessary to change all the membranes in the septic tank compressor device once every two years.
- Once every five years, all components must be replaced.
Important: if private sewage is used seasonally, then the principle of its conservation must be observed. Professionals who offer their services will cope with this. In addition, if you do not know where to attach the waste sludge, then these same specialists will transport it to special places intended for this.
Attention! When purchasing equipment from our company, you can always count on our free consulting support for maintenance and operation.
One of the advantages of Unilos ASTRA stations is the possibility of their independent maintenance.
Quarterly maintenance takes less than one hour and requires a minimum of tools.
Types of jobs:
Waste sludge pumping/quarterly
Main pump and coarse filter cleaning/quarterly
Cleaning the walls of the secondary clarifier / quarterly
Compressor Air Filter Cleaning/Quarterly
Hair trap cleaning/every 0.5 year
Cleaning of the surge tank and aeration tank from stabilized sludge / every 5 years
1. Pumping out excess activated sludge
It is carried out by the air-lift pump built into the station. To do the job, you will need a bucket, rubber gloves and a Phillips screwdriver.
a) Compressor power off
Open the station cover.
Fig.1. Unilos Astra station. View from above
On the control unit (5), move the green button to position "0". When pressed, the compressor should stop.
Move the red button to position "1" and the black button to position "0".
Rice. 2. Unilos control unit
After performing the actions, let the suspended sludge settle for 15 - 20 minutes.
b) Preparation of the hose-pump for work
While the sludge is settling, remove the waste sludge pumping hose from the clip, directed from the sludge stabilizer (6) to the receiving chamber (2). You can recognize it by the installed plug. After removing the hose from the clip, it is necessary to loosen the plug clamp with a Phillips screwdriver. Then remove the cap and set it aside.
c) Waste sludge pumping
Take a prepared bucket and place the open end of the hose in it. Move the green button to position "1". After a few seconds, the bucket will begin to fill with spent activated sludge. After filling the bucket, move the green button on the control unit to the “0” position, after the liquid stops flowing from the hose, move it to the side. Take a bucket of waste sludge and compost its contents. Then repeat the pumping operation.
Pumping is carried out until liquid of the usual aqueous consistency comes out of the hose.
After performing work on pumping out the spent activated sludge, plug the pumping hose and return it to its original position, switch the buttons to AUTOMATIC MODE: Green - "1", Red - "0", Black - "0".
2. Cleaning the coarse filter and main pump (4)
It is carried out to prevent their blockages. A Phillips screwdriver is required to perform the work.
Turn off the compressor by moving the Green button to position "0" on the control box. Remove the filter and the main pump hose from the clips. Disconnect the hoses. Take the filter and main pump out of the unit and clean them. Then return everything to its original position.
3. Cleaning the walls of the secondary clarifier (1)
It is produced to prevent the ingress of impurities into treated wastewater. To work, you need a hose with water, a scoop or a net.
Turn off the compressor with the Green button on the control box, moving it to the "0" position. Under pressure from the hose, clean the walls of the film, remove it with a net from the surface of the liquid.
After performing the procedure, turn on the station.
4. Cleaning the compressor air filter
Produced for the prevention of its work. Required tool: Phillips screwdriver.
Power off the station by moving the Green button to the "0" position. Then, using a screwdriver, unscrew the bolt on the compressor cover. Remove the cover and take out the filter. Rinse thoroughly and dry it. Return everything to its original position.
5. Cleaning the hair trap
It is carried out as hair and other insoluble impurities from wastewater accumulate on it. Remove the hair catcher from the clip (it looks like a Christmas tree), clean it. Then put it back on the clip.
6. Cleaning the surge tank and aeration tank from stabilized sediment
It is carried out every 5 years. A drainage or fecal pump is required for operation.
Power off the station by moving the Green button to the "0" position. Lower the pump to the bottom of the surge tank, pump out the sediment, do the same in the aeration tank chamber. After work, turn on the compressor with the Green button to position "1".
If you prefer to entrust this work to professionals, our company provides a service
Like any equipment, Unilos ASTRA deep biological treatment plants require periodic maintenance.
In the event of an emergency, we are ready to leave as soon as possible to repair the Unilos station.
Periodicity:
- 4 times a year
With a permanent residence of a nominal number of users (Unilos ASTRA 5 is installed and 5 people permanently reside).
- 2 times per year
With incomplete loading of the station and permanent residence.
- 1 time per year
For seasonal living. Service is carried out at the same time conservation of Unilos station .
In any case, the periodicity is conditional. In each case, the need to clean the station may depend on a number of factors, including the quantitative and qualitative composition of wastewater.
Video:
List of planned works:
1) Pumping out spent activated sludge
The fact is that during the operation of UNILOS ASTRA stations, excess biomass accumulates in the activated sludge stabilizer. If the biomass suspension is not pumped out for a long time, the quality of cleaning may deteriorate. This is due to the excess concentration of activated sludge, the possible failure of the airlift pumps.
2) Cleaning the coarse fraction filter, hair trap
In the course of work, non-recyclable parts, such as hair, fabric fibers after washing, etc., willy-nilly get into the sewer. Unilos ASTRA provides a mechanism for their collection. During service, the accumulated non-recyclable residues are removed.
3) Non-contact (pressure water) washing station
To maintain relative cleanliness inside the installation, our specialists will process the walls of the station with a mini-wash.
4) Cleaning compressor air filters
Compressors are the lungs of Unilos ASTRA stations, so timely cleaning of air filters is necessary.
5) Pumping of non-recyclable residues from the receiving chamber
Produced by a fecal pump (once every few years). During operation, debris (such as polyethylene, wool, sand) accumulates in the surge tank and cannot be biodegraded. It is taken out periodically.
6) Checking the functioning of the system
During service, the operation of all station systems is checked. Including: mamut pumps, performance of the level sensor, drainage pump, compressors, aerators.
Price:
| Unilos station model | One-time departure |
annual service agreement, |
emergency exit | Conservation | |
| ASTRA 3 | 4 000 | 7 000 | 12 000 | 5 000 | 5 500 |
| ASTRA 4 | 4 000 | 7 000 | 12 000 | 5 000 | 5 500 |
| ASTRA 5 | 4 000 | 7 000 | 12 000 | 5 000 | 5 500 |
| ASTRA 6 | 4 000 | 7 000 | 12 000 | 5 000 | 5 500 |
| ASTRA 7 | 4 000 | 7 000 | 12 000 | 5 000 | 5 500 |
| ASTRA 8 | 4 000 | 7 000 | 12 000 | 5 000 | 5 500 |
| ASTRA 9 | 4 000 | 7 000 | 12 000 | 5 000 | 5 500 |
| ASTRA 10 | 5 500 | 10 000 | 15 500 | 6 500 | 5 500 |
| ASTRA 15 | 7 000 | 12 000 | 18 500 | 8 000 | 8 500 |
| ASTRA 20 | 8 500 | 15 000 | 21 000 | 6 500 | 10 000 |
| ASTRA 30 | 9 000 | 17 000 | 24 000 | 12 000 | - |
| ASTRA 40 | 11 000 | 19 000 | 27 500 | 14 000 | - |
| ASTRA 50 | 14 000 | 25 000 | 39 000 | 18 000 | - |
| ASTRA 75 | 19 000 | 35 500 | 50 500 | 23 000 | - |
| ASTRA 100 | 22 000 | 43 000 | 62 500 | 28 000 | - |
| 40 000 | 74 000 | 105 000 | 44 000 | - |
Autonomous septic tanks are installed in many suburban areas without a centralized sewerage system. Such devices require periodic maintenance. Unilos Astra treatment facilities are popular. One of their advantages is the ability to clean it yourself without calling specialists. It takes a little time, requires a minimum of tools.
Regular care is necessary to maintain working condition, trouble-free operation. Timely inspection and cleaning ensure continuous operation for 50 years. Comprehensive maintenance will prevent breakdowns, relieve stench and discomfort. The frequency and rules of self-service are disclosed in the article.
Knowledge of the design features of the Unilos Astra station will allow you to carry out self-cleaning. Models 3,5,8 are designed to serve people, the number of which corresponds to the number in the marking. This device is safer than a classic sump in operation - it does not harm the environment and people, it provides high quality cleaning.
The picture shows the main components of the bioseptic tank
compartments
The design uses the "all in one" principle - all containers are placed in a common body. Each is connected to the previous one, but special filters and a compressor prevent the liquid from returning to the previous tank.
The total volume of the internal space is divided into compartments:
- Septic - the largest capacity, accepts wastewater. In it, heavy fractions, the density of which is greater than that of the liquid, fall to the bottom.
- Aerotank - here organic matter decomposes under the influence of microorganisms in an environment enriched with oxygen.
- Silt collector. It accumulates a mass rich in bacteria, which is called "living sludge". As it accumulates, it is pumped into the receiving chamber, where it contributes to the active decomposition of fresh wastewater.
- A sump for clean water or a pyramid. This is a kind of safety net, where the water undergoes the last purification, small heavy fractions settle from the liquid to the bottom.
Internal equipment
The most important piece of equipment is the compressor, which moves the air. It is needed to saturate the drains with oxygen, which contributes to the vital activity of microorganisms. Under such conditions, they quickly and efficiently process biological particles. Another purpose of the compressor is to mix the drains with compressed air. This speeds up cleaning, crushing solid particles.
Overflow between adjacent chambers is carried out through plastic tubes - airlifts. These are pumps of the simplest design, which operate with the help of air supplied by a compressor.
The control unit is located under the cover of the station. It has three different colored keys and an alarm. The Astra unit operates in automatic mode, but maintenance requires manual control or a complete stop, which is provided for by the design.
Unilos Astra station control unit
Do-it-yourself septic tank cleaning operations
The warranty service book, which is issued after the purchase of the Unilos Astra station, contains a description of the maintenance. It indicates the frequency, but it is always individual, depending on the intensity with which the unit is operated. Service begins with an inspection, which determines the contamination and the amount of work to be done.
The table shows the procedure for self-cleaning the station:
| Necessary work | Target | Periodicity | Tools, fixtures | What is done | The essence of the operation |
| Remove part of activated sludge | Ensure the normal operation of the station | Once a quarter by airlift or every six months by a drain pump | Bucket, screwdriver, rubber gloves | Airlift built into the station | Removal of excess sludge from the stabilizer, aeration tank |
| Clean the inside walls of the station | Remove Plaque | Once every 3 months | Hose, net | Karcher or other minisink, plumbing | Eliminate the ingress of impurities into the purified liquid |
| Clean the coarse filter and main pump, hair trap, aeration tank pumps | Blockage Prevention | Quarterly (hair catcher - once every six months) | Phillips screwdriver | Remove various kinds of contaminants | |
| Clean the air filter on the compressor | Prevention | Once a quarter | Screwdriver cross | Restore unit performance | |
| Remove stabilized precipitate | Resume the volume of the settling chamber | Every 5 years | Drainage pump | Restore camera volume |
Removal of excess activated sludge
Station Yunilos Astra differs from conventional septic tanks in a high degree of wastewater treatment. The most important role in this process is played by activated sludge - a colony of microorganisms. They destroy harmful bacteria that are also present in wastewater. The population grows, develops, and this eventually leads to oxygen starvation - it is not enough for a huge biomass. The cleaning quality is deteriorating. Therefore, it is very important to remove excess sludge in a timely manner in order to provide microorganisms with normal conditions.
Determining the amount of activated sludge
All sludge is not pumped out, a certain part remains so that the cleaning process does not stop. It is important to understand when and how much sludge should be pumped out. For this, measurements are taken. From the aeration tank operating in the aeration mode, 1 liter of the mixture is collected into glassware. She is allowed to settle for about half an hour, until a clear dividing line appears between silt and water.
Assess the amount of sediment. The optimal amount of sludge in the aeration tank is from 20 to 30%, in the stabilizer about 80%. If the concentration is much higher, the sludge is pumped out. If not done on time, in a few months the volume of activated sludge in the aerotank will reach 80%, which greatly affects the functionality of the station.
Important! Activated sludge is pumped out only from the sludge collection chamber (stabilizer) if the sample from the aeration tank showed 40–60%. When 60–80% is additionally pumped out of the aeration tank.
Sludge removal using standard equipment
Disable compressor:
- open the lid, find the control unit;
- set the green button to "0";
- red - on "I";
- black - "0"
The sludge is allowed to settle for 15 minutes, at which time the hose is prepared. It is removed from the mount, the clamp is loosened and the plug is removed. They start pumping out the sludge: the hose is lowered into the bucket, the green button is switched to "1". When the bucket is full, turn the green button to "0". Sludge is removed into compost, the operation is repeated until ordinary water runs out.
Removal of activated sludge using standard equipment
The station is returned to working condition: a plug is installed on the hose, the end is lowered into the receiving container, fixed with a clip. The buttons are translated: green - "1", red and black - "0".
Pumping out with a drain pump
The station is switched off. A drainage or fecal pump is lowered into the chamber and everything is pumped out to the bottom. When complete cleaning is done, the pump is not turned off, but clean water is immediately poured. It will dilute the mass that remains in the stabilizer, possibly very thick. The operation is continued until the water in the chamber is clear. The level is adjusted to 190 cm.
When the sample showed a sludge concentration of 60–80%, the aerotank is pumped out. Remove about a third of the contents, then add water to the 185 cm mark.
Vladimir from Stavropol prefers to pump out the sludge with a drainage pump. It cleans better, you have to resort to the procedure less often. The pump also uses to remove sludge from the sump.
Other cleaning work
When the chambers are not yet filled with water, a good time to continue cleaning the station:
- Disconnect the 3 air hoses from the airlift and the coarse filter. In order not to be mistaken with the return to the place, mark.
- The filter with the main pump, hair trap, pumps from the aeration tank are dismantled. Rinse the insides.
- They connect the Karcher and wash the walls inside the chambers. Garbage that has floated to the surface is caught with a net and removed.
The compartment where the compressor and control unit are located is covered with a film so that splashes of water do not get in. Advice. Karcher is not for everyone. You can use plumbing. To make the jet strong, a nozzle is installed at the end of the hose, you can simply flatten the tube or squeeze the hose with your hand.
All removed nodes are mounted in their places. Connect hoses.
Be sure to mark when dismantling which hose to connect where. If mixed up, negative consequences are inevitable that will affect the performance and the cleaning process - the air pressure in them is different.
P.G. Leskov, engineer of the SepticPro company.
After completion of work, turn on the station and check the operability.
Answers to frequently asked questions from users
Question number 1. Water from the station is well drained, spring waters do not flood, and the cells are overcrowded. What is the reason?
The check begins with the main airlift. The water level in the receiving chamber should be lower than in the rest. If it is the same, water does not enter the aerotank through the hose, which is located in the corner of the first compartment, or it is pumped poorly - the pump is clogged. The station is stopped, the mamut pump is being cleaned. When it works, the cause is clogged jets or the airlift hoses are incorrectly connected after the previous cleaning.
Question number 2. Is it possible to clean the station with bacteria?
By themselves, they do not clean the station, but only turn the sediment into a more convenient substance for disposal. The aeration plant has a sufficient number of microorganisms to ensure high-quality wastewater treatment. If there is a desire to speed up the process, Unilos manufacturers recommend using the biological preparation Unibak or Likvazim.
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