Currently, on the Internet you can find a huge amount of information about alarm systems with notification over GSM networks, but is GSM dialing always necessary? Sometimes a simple, local system with a siren is enough to scare away a thief. After all, it is well known that at the sound of a siren, the criminal abandons his evil intentions.
The most expensive part of the alarm system is the central unit. This is what I would like to do myself. Of course, there are quite simple circuits based on transistors and logic elements, but they have low functionality and significant limitations in operation. A good alarm, at a minimum, should have the following features:
1 Adjustable alarm delay time so that the owner can safely disarm the system.
2 Adjustable siren time.
3 Sound indication. The countdown of the time for which it is necessary to leave the premises or disarm the system.
4 Light, external indication of the operating mode. Whether the system is armed or not.
5 Rearming. After the end of the siren, the system should switch back to the operating mode.
6 Limiting the number of hits. Protection against a faulty sensor so that the siren does not whistle for days until you disarm it or the neighbors break it.
7 Status memory when power off. When power is applied, the alarm should continue to operate in the mode in which it was before the power was turned off.
8 A civilized way of arming is a code keypad or i-Button key fob, not a hidden toggle switch.
Probably, all this can be organized on logical elements, but just imagine how complicated this circuit will be. There is only one conclusion - to use a PIC controller. I know that after this phrase, half lose interest in what is happening, but without it in any way. Yes, and it's not that difficult, there are many detailed articles about the simplest programmers and programming.
Having taken into account all of the above, we got such a scheme, well, firmware.
The total cost of all parts is 5-6$. You can't call it a complex scheme. It does not need to be adjusted, the main thing is to solder correctly. You can assemble it at the "montage" or etch the board if you need more than one copy. And using SMD elements, at least partially, it can end up like this:
A reader, quite a decent look, can also be made from improvised means.
Firmware, detailed instructions for setting up the device can be downloaded
Questions about firmware, printed circuit board, reader manufacturing, as well as tips and recommendations, please send to the author's E-mail
Alexei
A dacha, detached outbuildings in the courtyard of a private house can also become an object of thieves' encroachments. Installing an industrial security system in them is impractical, it will cost more than all the things stored in such premises.
But it’s not worth leaving it completely unprotected, lovers of profiting at someone else’s expense, if they don’t take away your property, they will harm the structure of the building, the restoration of which will require funds. Therefore, many believe that a simple burglar alarm will be the ideal solution; almost everyone can do it with their own hands.
What is included in such a system?
Typically, such models use an IR motion sensor, a siren and other components to assemble the device. But since wired detectors are designed to operate from a 220 V network, it will have to be upgraded and converted to 12 V. To do this, a 6 V relay is added to the circuit. Power is supplied to the sensor through a switch. When the device is triggered, the voltage is supplied to the relay winding, it works and leads to the activation of the siren.
If necessary, up to several sound signaling devices can be connected to such a circuit. The presence of a regulator in the sensor allows you to set the signaling time after the siren is triggered, usually it is no more than 10 seconds. The circuit is turned off using a special device that is switched by a key.
The considered simple burglar alarm is one of the most primitive, it is easy to assemble with your own hands and is economical in terms of power consumption. For example, for the winter you will need no more than 16 alkaline batteries. Such a scheme works in any conditions and is able to withstand even negative temperatures, so it is quite suitable for installation in unheated summer cottages.
Types of homemade schemes
Assembling and installing the system with your own hands has a number of advantages. It allows you to save money, eliminates the possibility of complicity of employees of the company involved in the installation, thieves. But most importantly, in the process of manufacturing and installation, you will carefully study the structure of the alarm system, you will be able to troubleshoot, make adjustments to it by connecting additional sensors and improve your design.
Watch the video, homemade security system:
There are several ways to equip a house with a simple burglar alarm, assembled and installed by yourself. The first and simplest, but at the same time the most expensive, is to invite employees of a special company who will develop the project, select the necessary equipment, install it and perform commissioning. This option is suitable for residential and warehouse premises, but is unsuitable for giving, as the costs will exceed the value of the property stored there.
Another way is to buy equipment, carefully study the instructions for its installation and operation, and install it yourself. In general, there is nothing impossible in this approach.
Moreover, many trading companies are engaged in programming the control panel, which will save you from the need to purchase a programmer, study the rules for working with it and try to complete this stage of work without outside help.
For the simplest signaling option, it is required to program the device loops, connect them to the general network and store the required number of access keys in the memory. They will be required to remove and arm the object. In addition, the inclusion of a light device is programmed, and with a time limit of up to 10-20 minutes and a relay output for dialing to a mobile phone.
Watching the video, addition to the main alarm using a mobile phone;
On the market, you can find a lot of GSM modules for sending a signal to the specified number when the contacts are closed on one of the inputs. These devices are universal and can be connected to any control panel.
If you are already, then next is their connection to the programmed device, which is quite easy for anyone who is able to find the "plus" and "minus" in the circuit. Again, with self-made installation, you will be able to deal with the laying of cables in detail and in the event of a breakdown, eliminate it without problems.
Watch a video about a purchased GSM system:
For those who are not satisfied with the wired system, you can choose the wireless option. In this case, installation is even simpler, since you only need to hang the sensors in the right places and insert batteries into them. The advantage of such systems is the ability to work on one power source for up to a year, and their cost, when equipped with one or two sensors, is low.
Detectors also have their advantages. They can be moved from one place to another, if necessary, without much hassle. The option discussed above can be reduced in price by buying used equipment. This option is easy to assemble with your own hands.
Another, the cheapest, but also ineffective way is to install dummies. Such a system is unlikely to be able to frighten a seasoned thief, but it can stop the boys who decide to fool around in someone else's dacha.
A project for a homemade alarm - is it necessary or not?
Having decided to install a security system in the house, you first have to deal with the development and execution of documentation. A professionally executed project is the basis for a future system if its installation is carried out by employees of a special company. But what about those who decide to do all the work on their own?
If you install an alarm in a public place, then the project must be mandatory, otherwise the supervisory services will not accept the system. But the house does not belong to such objects, therefore, to install equipment in it, only a sensor circuit is required, which is necessary for future maintenance.
The simplest circuits - on a time relay
We will consider only two of them. The first burglar alarm for the house, which you can assemble with your own hands, is based on a time relay. It has two groups of contacts, and one works instantly, and the second after 5-10 seconds. This is necessary so that the owner of the object, when entering it, has time to turn off the system with a special button, which is installed in a hidden place.
Full shutdown is performed by a special toggle switch. With this design, a position sensor is installed on the door frame. Before entering, a button is installed that turns on the circuit in the security mode, after the owner exits. Typically, such complexes use a 12 or 24 V relay.
Watch the video, addition to GSM alarm, relay 12 V:
The disadvantage of the scheme is the sound of the siren until the alarm is turned off by the button. To eliminate it, the system is supplemented with one more relay, the contact actuation time in which does not exceed 120-180 sec. After this interval, the siren is turned off and remains in this position until the arming mode is turned on.
The second of the proposed k, assembled by hand, is based on one relay. The operating time of the siren in it is set using a relay. And it goes into standby mode after the system is de-energized. In this circuit, a thyristor is used to ensure fire and electrical safety of the equipment.
It is designed to connect a large number of sensors for various purposes. For example, for glass, you can use detectors in the form of strips of metal foil, which are triggered when they are broken. Their connection to a common network is performed sequentially.
It is possible to use another type of thyristors. For example, the PEV-10 model with a power of up to 10 W or several with a lower rating.
If the circuit is broken, the relay will work, which will turn on the siren or any powerful bell. Additionally, a light bulb can be included in the circuit, which is an auxiliary element that does not affect the operation of the system.
Is this method of protection reliable?
The protection of property in our time is becoming the most pressing issue. And the way to solve it depends on many factors, but often the decisive among them is the cost.
It makes no sense to install an alarm, the price of which exceeds the value of the protected property. For such cases, the ideal solution is to develop and install the system yourself.
But will such an alarm be effective? In some cases, of course, it will be able to scare away thieves, but for reliable protection it is better to use professional equipment and the services of specialists. The use of console security will not only provide reliable protection, but will also allow you to return the funds if a robbery is nevertheless committed.
The protection of private property has always been a topical issue. Nowadays, there are many ways to protect your valuables or housing: you can hire security, set an alarm, insure, and so on and so forth. But what to do if these methods are too expensive in relation to the protected property, but it is still not desirable to leave unattended, for example, a summer house. The author will tell you how he found a way out of this situation by making an autonomous burglar alarm with his own hands!
What we will need to create an alarm:
1) Passive IR motion sensor (required for system response to intrusion)
The author bought a light switch for 300 rubles.
2) 12 volt siren (needed for intrusion alert)
In this case, a power of 105dB was used, but as you understand it depends only on your desire. The cost is about 200 rubles.
3) Battery holder
4) 6V relay,
5) insulating tubes,
6) wires.
7) the batteries themselves.
So let's analyze what we need from the signaling itself.
The alert should work for a short time and turn itself off after a certain period of time, and then work again in the standard standby mode. The system must be capable of being triggered repeatedly. Not a high voltage current, for long-term operation (at least half a year).
Let's start with the alteration of the motion sensor, it is necessary to transfer it from 220V power to 12V.
After analyzing the circuit, it becomes clear that it is able to work even with a power supply from 8 V to 30 V. Actually, with the 12V power supply we need, we must set the relay to 6V. We proceed to disassemble the sensor. The spherical part can be removed if one of the supports is bent. The fastening of the element is held on by latches.
After removing the board, it is observed that the sensor is nothing more than a passive IR receiver, the reaction of which is associated with a change in the power of the IR radiation incident on it and a simple optics system. The viewing angle of the sensor is 180 degrees.
Next, you need to power the points that are on the left. Negative and positive charges, respectively, to the charges of the power source (plus +, minus -).
The points on the right are needed to connect the relay winding. And the standard relay mounted on the sensor (it looks like a black box) must be removed.
Since there is not enough space inside the spherical shell of the sensor, it was decided to bring the relay to the base of the housing through wires.
The actual power is supplied to the sensor through the switch, and when the system is triggered, power is also supplied to the relay. Which in turn leads to the inclusion of a siren, notifying us of the penetration.
By the way, the number of possible connected sirens is not limited.
As you can see, I will lower that the siren, that the batteries are connected to the system through the terminals. Above and to the right is the switch, and the relay itself is located at the bottom left.
And so we assembled our security system!
ATTENTION! Protect your ears before checking the siren! Otherwise, you may damage your hearing, which is naturally undesirable. And don't let the siren's small size fool you, it's really very loud.
What did we get. Thanks to the regulator, it is possible to set the time on the sensor that the siren will work after identifying the penetration into the protected area. The author got from 10 seconds to 8 minutes.
The sensor is installed indoors (for example, at the door), and the siren is displayed outside.
It is important to know that after power is applied, the siren stops, so the author suggests placing the switch in a place that is invisible to the eyes.
To operate the sensor for 6 months, 16 alkaline batteries connected mixed will suffice.
The system has also been successfully tested in a freezer, which will allow us to assert its excellent performance even in winter. at -30 degrees.
After the author installed the system in the country, he revealed:
1. Glare from the water, unfortunately, can cause a false alarm of the system
2. If the sensor is swept up, then attackers can stick it with iso-tape, thereby creating blind spots.
Installing a GSM security alarm in a country house, garage or private house allows you to ensure the safety and security of property. Management is carried out by phone, and for installation with your own hands you need to master all the features of the system.
The principle of operation of the GSM-alarm system
GSM signaling is a set of devices that are interconnected by a GSM network and interact through a signal. The elements of the complex are installed at the facility, and the control and reception of signals is carried out using a fixed or mobile phone, which is with the owner. So you can receive alarm notifications about the penetration of unauthorized people into the protected object. The system is controlled according to the same principle, but for this you need to send the necessary signal from the phone. As a result, it is possible to activate fire extinguishing systems, control electronic locks and other elements at the facility.
Scope of the security system
Security systems operating over the GSM network are diverse and widely used in private houses, garages, summer cottages. The use of alarms for cars is effective, but such a system differs significantly from the complex for real estate. Small remote warehouses, industrial premises or other structures can easily be equipped with such devices. Functional alarm allows you to respond in a timely manner to a fire or damage to property, to prevent other unpleasant actions of intruders.
Devices, depending on the model, perform the following functions:
- ensuring fire safety of a dacha, garage or other object;
- control of the presence of electricity in the network;
- control of leaks and overlapping of water valves;
- gas pipeline leakage control and shutdown of the system;
- activation of the siren, as well as heating or irrigation on the site;
- listening to the premises;
- room temperature control.
Various sensors can be included in the complex of devices, for example, for monitoring the integrity of window panes or smoke detectors. This allows you to vary the functionality of the security system. Therefore, the GSM complex is optimal not only for summer cottages, garages or private houses, but is also used for greenhouses, private facilities under construction and other structures.
Device components for home and garden
A simple version of the alarm system does not require the presence of complex devices, which allows you to create a security system yourself. In this case, it is necessary to understand the principle of operation of the entire complex. As a result, you can create an effective GSM alarm system for your summer house or garage with your own hands. It is so easy to avoid the cost of acquiring expensive equipment.
The following components are required for signaling:
- a simple push-button mobile phone in working order;
- finished sensor or reed switch + magnet;
- switch;
- mounting wire;
- soldering iron and solder;
- SIM card.
Do-it-yourself system assembly
The complex of the security system assumes the presence of a control unit with outputs for sensors and annunciators. The occurrence of emergencies triggers commands that are pre-programmed. For example, in case of violation of the integrity of the window panes in the house, the system is able to send an SMS message to the owner. Listening to everything that happens in the house is also possible when calling to the unit located in the guarded house.
First you need to determine what type of sensors are needed at the facility. Devices that detect damage to window glass, as well as those sensitive to smoke and rising air temperature, are in demand. Special motion sensors are also installed on the front door. After determining the types of devices, their location is selected.
The complex of works includes the following stages:
Video: alarm with motion sensor
A simple system with a minimum of detail is convenient, but a more effective signaling that responds to movements. The system is easy to create with your own hands, and video recommendations allow you to master the process.
Time relay system
GSM alarm schemes with a time relay are different, but simple options are easy to create with your own hands. In this case, the relay is necessary for the siren to sound, and the design may contain either two or one such element. In the first case, one relay activates the sound alert, and the other element turns it off after a set time period. The element has two groups of contacts. If there is one relay, the shutdown is carried out manually, that is, the alarm off button.
Video instruction for creating a time relay
GSM alarm system equipped with a time relay is functional and convenient. To master the rules and principle of operation of the relay allows the video, which presents the features of the installation.
Disadvantages of a homemade system
Simple assembly, economy, easy operation and the possibility of increasing functionality are the advantages of a home-made alarm for a summer house, garage or private house. The system is not without drawbacks, which are expressed in the following:
- easy blocking of the alarm by unauthorized persons;
- malfunctions occur quite often;
- a large set of functions requires the correct installation of each element;
- a complex system requires careful planning.
Expert reviews
The opinions of experts about the effectiveness of home-made devices are different. The location of the object is important, as well as the type of system. The presence of a siren often makes the alarm a method of scaring off intruders, but before creating a system, it is worth considering the reviews of specialists. Comments on the effectiveness of homemade devices are few, but contain some key points.
When installing an alarm in an apartment with pets, it is worth considering the reviews of experts:
Motion sensors can be adjusted to a specific response height. If your cat does not effortlessly jump to a height of 2 meters, and the intruder does not climb like a plastun (in this position, you can’t even open the closet!), Then the alarm is fully justified. The main thing is that the installation is carried out by specialists who understand the subject well.
Andrey Kotousov
Motion sensors can be configured to trigger only if an object larger than a certain size moves in the room. It can be configured so that when moving an object less than 10 kilograms there will be no triggers. My relatives have an alarm system in the apartment, including motion sensors. They have 2 cats that walk all over the apartment, while there were only 2 false positives, and both times when the cats knocked over massive objects (once their 4-story house) the 2nd carpet twisted in the corner. So the main thing is to set up correctly ...
Mikhail Karpovhttps://answer.mail.ru/question/82855068
Project for homemade devices: yes or no?
There is no need to create a project when installing a home-made GSM alarm system. This is due to the fact that the system includes a minimum number of elements that are easily connected and interact with each other. At the same time, it is worth determining the location of the main unit, as well as the areas for placing all sensors. A schematic representation of the entire system allows you to quickly make an alarm with your own hands.
Laser signaling
A homemade laser alarm is an effective security system that is easy to operate. This uses more complex components than for GSM signaling. For example, a laser source, resistors and other elements are needed. The principle of operation of such a security system is that when the laser beam is interrupted, the voltage at one of the outputs drops below the reference voltage at the other output. At the same time, the degree of voltage increases at the output of the first operational amplifier, and the resulting pulse can be used to turn on the siren, searchlight and other devices.
Schema selection
The alarm, the action of which is based on a laser beam, is created according to the scheme. There are many options of varying complexity. The choice depends on skills in the field of electronics. For example, an effective system with a timer is quite simple and is actively used to protect private objects.
System creation
To install a laser alarm with your own hands, you need to prepare a BT169 thyristor, a laser, an LED light bulb, a capacitor, 47k resistors, a photoresistor or an LDR. Installation includes the following stages of work:
Advantages and disadvantages
Laser signaling is distinguished by such advantages as efficiency, long range, reliability and prompt response to emergencies. To create a system with your own hands, you need simple elements that are easy to purchase. The source of the laser beam is an ordinary pointer that gives a beam of red or another color. The finished device makes the assembly process simple.
The alarm has disadvantages such as the complexity of the assembly circuit, requiring knowledge and skills in the field of electronics. Additional elements in the form of a timer or other devices are important to properly mount and connect to the system.
Video: installation of a laser alarm
Detailed video instructions allow you to master all the features of self-assembly. At the same time, the alarm system will be economical, high-quality and efficient in use.
The GSM security system or a laser complex allows you to ensure the safety of property and the safety of the facility. For a summer house or a garage, it is easy to create a system with your own hands, but it is important to follow the installation rules and use high-quality components.
In the modern world, it is almost impossible to do without security equipment - this is especially true for protecting your real estate from robbers who are constantly improving ways to enter a house, apartment, cottage or garage. For such cases, electronic security systems in the form of alarms are effective. These security barriers minimize the likelihood of theft and allow the property owner to respond in time to a dangerous situation. Today, many companies offer a wide range of multifunctional alarm systems, as well as their installation and maintenance. Depending on the complexity of the security kit used, its cost will also depend, which can sometimes be quite large. If the owner of the house does not have the opportunity to purchase and install an expensive security kit, he thinks about how to make an alarm system with his own hands. It turns out that this is not such a complicated process - it is important to understand at least a little about electronics and electrical work, and it will not be difficult to make an alarm.
Advantages of a homemade alarm
Despite the fact that a homemade alarm system is created at home, it has a number of advantages that allow it to compete with factory security systems.
Firstly, the simplest do-it-yourself home alarm system can be implemented even from improvised means that are available in the household. Almost every house has an unused mobile phone, elements of executive devices of various household equipment, etc. If something is missing, then it can be bought for a penny in any radio market. The financial costs of a security system created at home are minimal.
Secondly, a home-made alarm can be easily changed structurally and upgraded to the changed operating conditions at the facility at any time. Not every factory security system will be able to do this.
disadvantages
No matter how good your burglar alarm design would be, it is not without flaws. The main ones include the following:
- lack of built-in protection systems against various devices that are used by intruders to turn off alarms;
- the impossibility of connecting such devices to the security systems of security companies;
- it is difficult to independently implement complex security configurations, which include a wide range of security and functional sensors, actuators;
- home-made simple alarm does not support the ability to conduct audio and video monitoring from a protected facility;
- without basic knowledge of electronics, it will not work to make your own security system.
What types of alarms can be done with your own hands?
At home, you can independently implement several options for security systems that will solve specific problems of protecting real estate.
- Motion sensor alarm
A simple do-it-yourself alarm system for an apartment can be created on the basis of a conventional motion sensor, which is equipped with lighting systems installed in entrances and landings. If a siren is connected to such a sensor instead of a lighting element, then an elementary security system will be obtained, which will warn with a sound signal that someone is in the protected area.
- Alarm based on ready-made kits
For those who do not want to “puzzle” how to make a home-made alarm and which devices to use for this device, you can use ready-made kits that are sold on every radio market. It will only be necessary to draw up a diagram of protected areas and purchase the appropriate sensors and actuators for this. In the future, you will have to install the purchased elements and configure them to perform the appropriate security functions.
- Alarm based on magnetic contact sensors
For those who are thinking about how to make an alarm at home, which will respond to the opening of doors and windows, the option on magnetic contact sensors will be the best solution. A distinctive feature of such sensors is that they include two elements - the actual base of the sensor and the magnet, which must be in direct contact. As soon as this contact is broken, the light and sound device connected to the sensor will be triggered.
Using an old, unused mobile phone, a highly effective homemade burglar alarm can be created using the capabilities of GSM communication. With the help of such a security system, it will be possible not only to activate the executive devices connected to it, but also to notify the owner of the house about the danger through a mobile communication channel, by sending an SMS message to his mobile device or by dialing.
For those who do not know how to make an alarm system with their own hands and temporarily cannot afford to purchase a ready-made one, they can install a simulator for the presence of a security system. To implement an elementary alarm simulator circuit, you only need an LED indicator, two AA batteries, a current-limiting resistor and a housing for locating the listed elements. The glow of the LED will indicate that the object is on guard - this should scare away thieves. But it’s not worth relying on security with the help of such a dummy for a long time - it’s better to figure out how to make an alarm with your own hands or buy it in a store.
Equipment for collecting alarms at home
A simple home alarm system can be built using the following set of devices:
- a set of sensors - for a simple security system, these can be motion control devices at the facility, as well as opening sensors;
- siren and light-emitting devices - they will signal the triggering of a security sensor;
- conventional switch - used to turn off the alarm;
- autonomous power sources - these can be accumulators or batteries that will support the functioning of the alarm in the absence of power in the external network;
- mobile phone - needed in the case when a burglar alarm is created for the house with the function of notifying the owner on his mobile devices;
- a set of tools for installation work, conductors, mounting elements - they will be used to assemble and install the alarm at home.
The process of creating an alarm
The beginning of work on the development of your own security system should begin with the creation of a project for a future alarm system. It will depend on him how to make an alarm at home so that it provides protection for all potentially dangerous areas. After drawing up a detailed plan, you should take care of the availability of the required devices and parts, some of them may be at home, and some will have to be purchased.
At the initial stage, appropriate sensors are installed along the perimeter of the facility, as planned in the project.
Note!
In order for the burglar alarm to perform its functions when they are triggered, actuators and mechanisms are connected to the sensors.
They can be connected through a specially prepared circuit, which includes an electronic turn-on delay timer and switching relays. In this case, the do-it-yourself security system will not work immediately, but after a set period of time, which is necessary so that the owner of the apartment can disarm it. For this procedure, you need to install a conventional push-button switch, which must be located in a hidden place so that the thief cannot independently disarm the security before the siren turns on.
One option for creating an alarm with your own hands:
If a do-it-yourself alarm is created for notification via a cellular network, then the sensors must be connected via a mobile phone, which, in parallel with the siren, will send an alarm to the owner.
Why is it beneficial to use a homemade alarm system?
By designing and creating an alarm system with his own hands, the user adapts it as much as possible to the specific operating conditions in his home, as well as to the tasks solved by the security system. Not every ready-made alarm system from the kit can be optimally suited to specific conditions, and it is not always possible to upgrade it.
findings
The simplest do-it-yourself alarm can be created in a fairly short time with minimal financial costs. But the protective effect that it provides is quite high. This guarantees the owner the confidence that nothing threatens his property.
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