After the last harvest is harvested, the soil on the site needs additional nutrition. The question of how to fertilize the soil in the fall if there is no manure worries many garden owners who are trying to make up for the lack of essential nutrients in soil depleted over the summer. This is the only way in the spring that you can count on the normal growth and development of young plants that are planned to be planted.

Perennials, as well as mature fruit and berry trees and shrubs, will also benefit from microelements before the start of winter. They will help plants survive frosts and prepare for the flowering period that will follow the first warm days.

Autumn fertilization is a prerequisite for proper garden care, without which it is difficult to imagine a good harvest of any crop. In addition to fertilizing, various mixtures are added to the soil during this period, which should protect future young seedlings from pests. If the site is located in a place unfavorable for plant cultivation, then in mid-autumn it should be applied special compounds to improve the structural characteristics of the land.

Every experienced farmer knows how to fertilize the garden before winter, so that by spring there is a sufficient amount of nutrients and useful microelements in the soil. Autumn feeding of the garden can be done using organic and mineral complex mixtures, including optimal set necessary elements.

At the end of the season, it is traditional to fertilize the soil with natural types of nutritional compounds. These include:

manure;
bird droppings;
humus;
compost;
wood ash;
peat.

Which garden fertilizer is best depends on many factors. This is both the composition of the soil and climatic conditions areas, and crops that are already growing or will be planted in the spring.

It is customary to feed the garden in the fall with organic substances because their decomposition period is longer than that of mineral compounds. This means that everything useful elements added to the soil will not be washed away by rain or spring meltwater. But this does not mean at all that mineral supplements cannot be used after harvesting. Some of them are suitable for this time of year. In specialized stores, such autumn fertilizers have special markings.

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Humus is an effective way to prepare a site for winter

Many summer residents believe that best method enrich the soil with necessary nutrients and microelements - use manure. This is true, but only partly. Incorporating cattle waste products into the soil helps increase its fertility. The rotting of manure lasts quite a long time, so everything useful material By spring, they are completely absorbed by the soil, which is necessary for normal plant growth.

However, the answer to the question of what fertilizers are applied in the fall is not so clear. Experienced gardeners have proven that fresh manure can harm garden crops, because it contains a large number of weed seeds. These species are very unpretentious and resistant to various unfavorable conditions. Therefore, by spring, they may well deprive vegetables and fruits of the required dose of nutrients and displace young shoots from the beds.

To avoid such developments, it is better to use more harmless fertilizers in the fall. These types of fertilizers include humus. This is a loose earthy mass, which is a mixture of rotted manure and various plant residues. Humus perfectly nourishes the root system of plants, and is also food for beneficial microorganisms found in the soil and responsible for processing some complex compounds.

This soil fertilization is done in the fall during digging. First, a nutrient composition is spread over the entire area of the plot, calculating approximately 5-8 kg per 1 m², then the garden is dug up. The depth of humus should be 35-40 cm. Fertilizing is processed fairly quickly in the soil, so if it is left close to the surface of the earth, the beneficial substances may not be preserved until spring.

Sometimes humus is supplemented with mineral compounds, such as superphosphate. Comprehensive measures to care for the site increase soil fertility and the yield of all growing crops.

Using compost

One of the most popular types organic fertilizers- compost. You can prepare it yourself quite quickly. Compost is safe for all types of garden crops and contains a complete set of necessary substances and microelements in a form easily accessible to the roots.

The use of this type of fertilizing in the fall is absolutely justified. During the winter, rotted plant residues are finally absorbed by the soil and feed young plants planted in the spring. The easiest way to use compost in the country is to distribute it throughout usable area vegetable gardens in a continuous layer followed by plowing the soil.

But there is another method that is considered more effective for increasing soil fertility. When the crop is harvested, weeds often remain in the area. They are removed before or during digging. But you shouldn’t throw away such plant waste. The useless weeds remaining after plowing should be left in the ground, an even layer of compost should be placed on top and watered with any preparations that fall into the category of effective microorganisms. The most famous of them is the Baikal solution.

This method of fertilizing the soil before winter allows you to preserve all the main groups of useful compounds contained in plant residues until spring. After complete decay, they turn into forms that are easily absorbed by plants.

Compost is also suitable for caring for fruit trees. They cover the tree trunk space. This measure helps protect the roots from frost. In the spring, under the influence of melt water, the fertilizer is mixed with the soil and nourishes the tree with useful substances. It’s hard to even imagine what fertilizers can compare with ordinary compost, which is used during the season. field work accumulates in any area in large quantities.

Bird droppings

Poultry waste products are considered almost more than effective look fertilizing than cow and horse manure. The ratio of nutrients and microelements in bird droppings is such that it is enough to fertilize the area once every 3-4 years. This dry mixture contains:

potassium;
nitrogen;
phosphorus;
magnesium;
calcium;
iron.

All connections have already been converted to available forms. Therefore, if there is no manure, it can easily be replaced with bird droppings, which are ideal for adding to the soil during autumn digging.

After harvesting, bird excrement is even easier to use. After all, in spring and summer only liquid fertilizers are made from them, which requires additional costs time.

All substances in bird droppings are contained in extreme concentrations. As fertilizer decomposes, it releases a large amount of heat and nitrogen compounds. This can damage plant roots. In autumn, this feature does not pose any danger.

Strawberries respond especially well to feeding with bird droppings. The autumn application of powdered dry composition into the soil, followed by digging to a depth of 15-20 cm, significantly improves the properties of the soil in the beds where it is planned to plant bushes of this plant in the spring. sweet berries. Its productivity increases approximately 2 times.

Wood ash

How else can you fertilize the soil if there is no manure? Many years ago, people began to use combustion products to care for plants. The benefits of this type of feeding are undeniable. Ash contains phosphorus and potassium in the form of compounds that are easily absorbed by plants. Mineral residues resulting from the combustion of wood, tops of grain crops and straw are used in the fall after harvesting. This fertilizer is applied together with other organic species during digging.

Ash is not only a source of essential microelements that garden crops require. It also contains additional components that provide nutrition to fruits and vegetables, for example, magnesium, calcium, zinc, iron. Its alkaline nature can influence the balance of soil microflora. Therefore, fertilizer is used as part of comprehensive measures to clean the garden of pests that may be in the soil.

In addition, ash improves the properties of clayey and podzolic soils. A large amount of silicon oxides in its composition changes the structure of heavy soil, making it looser, promoting the flow of oxygen to the root system of plants and increasing water permeability.

Reception of green manure

There are plants that have a very short growing season and grow green mass regardless of weather conditions. These include almost all types of mustard, rapeseed, rye, peas and some other grains and legumes. The tops of these species are themselves a unique type of fertilizer, as they contain phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen and other useful microelements.

Such plants are called green manure and are actively used to fertilize the soil and prepare it for winter. When the main crop has already been harvested, the site is dug up and sown with seeds of such crops. In most regions, at the end of September there remains sufficient heat for the growth of green shoots of these unpretentious secondary crops.

In mid-October, the garden can be dug up, leaving the stems of green manure in the ground. During the winter they will completely decompose, be processed by microorganisms and feed the soil with useful substances that will be necessary for the development of vegetable seedlings transferred to open ground in the spring.

The green manure method of fertilization is also suitable for caring for fruit and berry trees and shrubs. The corresponding crops are simply planted next to the plants and serve as a source of microelements.

Mineral supplements

All inorganic types of fertilizers are divided into:

1. Phosphorus.
2. Potash.
3. Nitrogen.
4. Complex.

Compounds belonging to the first type contribute to the development of the root system, and are also responsible for the formation of special sugars in plant sap, which affect taste qualities fruits and berries.

Potassium compounds are necessary to maintain proper carbohydrate metabolism.

Nitrogen increases green mass and is responsible for vegetation. That is why this type of fertilizer is suitable for spring, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are used in autumn.

Complex formulations that can be applied to the soil before winter usually include phosphorus-potassium compounds and some additional microelements that plants need after harvest.

Any mineral fertilizer has a convenient release form. It can be granules, solution or powder. Each package with chemicals contains detailed instructions. If you follow it, you can calculate the correct dosage of microelements, which will have a beneficial effect on the composition of the soil and the future harvest.

Superphosphate and phosphate rock are added in the fall, since the compounds of this element are characterized by slow solubility. The main component is released and settles in the soil only in the spring, creating a nutritional base for plants at the beginning of a new growth season.

The use of potassium chloride in autumn period. Within a few months, chlorine is washed out of the soil and cannot harm crops that cannot tolerate this element. Potassium remains in the ground and nourishes vegetables, berry bushes and fruit trees.

The only nitrogen group fertilizer that can be used after harvesting is urea, or urea, which binds nitrogen into strong compounds and preserves it until spring.

In spring it’s time to prepare the land for planting, and one of the the most important stages work - soil fertilization. How to fertilize the soil in the spring if there is no manure is a question that gardeners often ask at this time.

Optimal timing for applying fertilizers to the soil in spring

Many summer residents begin to fertilize the soil in the fall, before the snow falls. Questions are often asked about what fertilizers should be applied specifically to spring time, at what time it is better to add them.

Interestingly, many experts believe that early spring is the best period when most known fertilizers can be applied. It is especially important at this time to apply nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium, ammonium nitrate) and superphosphates. In this case, the following rules must be taken into account:

You should focus not on calendar dates, but on specific signs, since in different years The spring season may be delayed or, on the contrary, may arrive earlier than usual. First of all, half-melted snow and melt water must completely leave the garden (usually this happens in the 2nd half of April). If you start applying before this point, the result will be ineffective - since many fertilizers dissolve well in water, they will leave with it, and when everything dries out at the dacha, the soil will lose its useful substances.
Great importance It also depends on which crops are fertilized. So, in the case of fruit trees, fertilizers can be applied a little earlier than for other crops - their powerful root system will be able to receive nutrients even at a time when the soil in the lower part of the trunk has not yet completely melted.
In the case of vegetables and flowers, fertilizers are applied to the beds right before planting (one day before).

Advantages and rules of spring application of manure as fertilizer

It is often believed that it is better to feed the soil with manure in the fall, since during autumn and winter it will have time to decompose well and release all the useful substances into the ground. But there are also advantages to using it in early spring.

The fact is that overripe manure (humus), decomposing in the soil, will retain heat, which is very necessary for seedlings just placed in the beds. Another important detail is that manure can lose its value due to frost. For this reason, it even needs to be stored in a shed and carefully wrapped.

At the same time, the application of manure requires compliance with several important rules:

It is better to apply manure only in a mature, rotted form - because it is in this state that it retains the maximum amount of valuable components.
It is necessary to fertilize with manure no more than once every 3 years.
Fertilizer should be applied to the soil to a depth of 15-20 cm, and not scattered over its surface.
You should not rely on the principle: the more, the better. Even on non-chernozem soils, manure is applied in an amount of 5-6 kg per square meter of land surface.

How to fertilize trees in spring (video)

How to fertilize the soil in spring if there is no manure

If spring has come, but there is no manure at hand, this is not a reason to abandon the sowing campaign. There are a lot different types fertilizers (phosphate, nitrogen, universal, etc.), which significantly increase productivity and at the same time are affordable.

We use green manure

This is the name given to plants that are specially grown for subsequent crushing and placement in the ground to enrich it with nitrogen and suppress the growth of weeds. These fertilizers are also called green fertilizers.

These include:

Legumes (alfalfa, soybeans, peas and many others). Special bacteria settle on their roots, which introduce a significant amount of nitrogen into the soil.
Cruciferous ( various varieties mustard, rapeseed, radish, rapeseed).
Cereals (wheat, sorghum, rye, oats, etc.).
Buckwheat, phacelia, etc.

The beneficial effects of these plants are explained by the following reasons:

During their flowering, plants attract pollinating insects, which often eat flies, aphids, etc. that are harmful to the garden.
Their roots often grow strongly, penetrate deep into the ground, loosen it, making it more saturated with air.
Some of these plants suppress plant diseases (such as wilt).

Green manure can be used not only in spring, but also at the end of summer or during a break in planting for a year.

Mineral fertilizers for the garden

Mineral fertilizers mean inorganic fertilizers (i.e. those that do not contain organic substances). Most often, they are distinguished by the predominance of one chemical element (potassium, nitrogen, etc.), but they can also be complex (fertilizer mixtures).

Each type has its own benefits for plants:

Nitrogen fertilizers are easily absorbed by both the soil and crops, since they dissolve very well even in cold water. They contain easily digestible forms of nitrogen, thanks to which plants quickly gain weight, grow efficiently and without delay.
Phosphate fertilizers are presented in the form of phosphate rock, precipitate, and superphosphates. They contain phosphorus, which is also an important element and has a beneficial effect on plant growth. At the same time, phosphorus fertilizers dissolve in water much worse than nitrogen fertilizers. For example, phosphate rock is used more often on acidic soils, because in these cases phosphorus goes into a form that is easier to absorb.
Potassium nitrate has the chemical name potassium nitrate. It dissolves very well in water. It has a good effect on the growth of plants, as well as the taste and juiciness of their fruits.

In general, plants in unfertilized soil not only grow less well, but also have a greater risk of suffering from infectious diseases or acquire other abnormalities (poor formation of the ovary and fruit, falling flowers, small fruits, etc.).

Universal fertilizers

Universal fertilizers have different chemical compositions and have a complex effect on plant organisms. Here are some examples of such feeding:

Organomineral fertilizer "Universal" consists of half organic and half inorganic components. It contains many substances necessary for plant growth and maintaining its health. At the same time, it also regulates the level of nitrates in the soil, preventing them from accumulating in excess. Accordingly, this has a positive effect on cultures.
Ammophos contains up to half the mass of phosphorus and about 10-15% nitrogen in an easily digestible form. Accordingly, it provides the plant with the beneficial effects of both of these elements.
Ammofoska contains not only nitrogen and phosphorus, but also potassium in approximately the same ratio.

In addition, universal fertilizers do not have to be purchased in the store. They can be found among quite affordable home remedies. Here are some examples:

Ash has been used to fertilize the soil since ancient times. It is valuable because it contains potassium, calcium, iron and phosphorus. It is universal not only in its action, but also in its coverage of crops - it can be used in almost any beds, as well as in the garden flower garden.
Herbal infusions are used on the basis of mowed weeds. They are placed in large containers, poured with boiling water and left for several days (up to 2 weeks). Then the mixture is filtered, the solid components are discarded, and the liquid is diluted in a ratio of 1 to 10. Any crop can also be watered with this solution. It is better to do evening watering sessions.

What organic fertilizers should be added to the soil before planting?

The most common organic fertilizers other than manure include:

peat;
straw;
sapropel;
composts.

Waste materials are also often used Food Industry and household waste.

Unlike minerals, organic substances are more specific, and they must be added taking into account the characteristics of a particular crop.

For example, perennial vegetable crops (horseradish, Jerusalem artichoke, asparagus, rhubarb) like organic matter to be added immediately before planting.

At the same time, annual carrots, radishes, tomatoes, beets and others require very small amounts of these fertilizers. Sometimes it is even better to fertilize them with inorganic matter.

It is especially important to apply organic fertilizers before planting. fruit trees. If the fruits are pome-shaped, then more fertilizer needs to be applied; if the fruits have seeds, less fertilizer must be applied. At the same time, you need to regularly feed the trees during growth.

How to feed indoor plants in spring

With the arrival of spring, do not forget about fertilizing indoor plants. The soil in pots should be fertilized more often than in the garden., since it is deprived of natural conditions and does not actually participate in the cycle of elements, which ensures the balance of the content of various useful components.

In the spring, indoor pets especially need feeding. since increasing daylight hours stimulates their growth. Mainly nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers are used; You can also use pet feces mixed with straw or sawdust as organic matter. In this case, you need to adhere to some rules:

if the plant has just been transplanted, then it is not advisable to fertilize it at 1 month;
Do not fertilize cacti with organic matter;
during the dormant period it is better not to apply any fertilizers;
If the roots of the plant rot, it is not recommended to apply fertilizers.

How to fertilize strawberries (video)

The main condition for using any fertilizer is to strictly follow the instructions. Excessive application of fertilizing is sometimes even more dangerous than its absence. Try to play by the rules and take good care of your green friends!

Reviews and comments

Vladimir 09/28/2017

I adhere to the rule that plants should be fed during the most active growth and immediately after fruit set. That is, essentially, in the first half of the growing season. And then I wait for the harvest. The amount of fertilizing depends on the plant, and you need to be able to recognize and correct what it needs. Now it’s easier - the Internet will tell you everything.

Of course, manure and humus are the best natural fertilizers. When it is not possible to use them, we add wood ash to the soil, water it with a solution of potassium permanganate, and buy vermicompost.

Aglaya 06/08/2018

I haven’t used manure for several years; there was no way to get it. Ash was used as fertilizer fish waste which, when rotting, produce large amounts of nitrogen. Another excellent fertilizer is an infusion of herbs, especially nettle.

Olya 04/14/2019

I have long given up using manure; this fertilizer causes enormous damage to the soil, and besides, it can simply burn the seedlings. For the last few years I have been using only mineral baits.

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To obtain good harvests, it is necessary to replenish the supply of microelements in the soil. Fertilizing is done during the period of spring and autumn digging of the earth. It is possible to fertilize the soil very effectively in the spring by introducing complex mineral compounds. Organic matter is most often added immediately before planting and when sowing seeds.

The soil fertilizers shown in the photo are applied in certain proportions. An excess of minerals is no less harmful to plants than their deficiency.

Classification of fertilizing

The main sources of nutrients are divided into two categories:

organic natural origin (wood ash, compost, chicken droppings, manure, humus, peat, eggshells);
mineral supplements are produced industrially (all kinds of nitrate, superphosphate, nitrates and urea, complex additives with microelements). Let's consider each type of fertilizer separately.

Organic

It is better to fertilize the soil before planting crops in the spring with organic matter. The most optimal composition considered humus (manure that has been rotted in natural conditions at least a year) with the addition of wood ash (1 cup per bucket of humus).

Manure in its pure form can damage crops due to excess nitrogen content and increased temperature during the decay process. Horse meat is considered to have the best microbiological composition, mullein is in second place, and pork, with its high sawdust content, contains the least amount of nitrogen. The land is fertilized with manure in the fall, no more than once every 3 years.

Straw manure has the property of “burning”; it is placed to a depth of up to 40 cm under heat-loving crops as biofuel. After a year, it turns into full-fledged humus, so the soil is dug up to the depth of last year’s manure layer.

Bird droppings contain many trace elements. But it must be used with great caution. Is it possible to fertilize the soil with dry manure?

Only during autumn digging, up to 0.5 kg per 1 m2 is added. In spring and during the growing season it is used in the form of liquid fertilizer. It is often added to plant residues to enrich compost.

Peat is applied to crops that prefer acidic soils. For other plants, deoxidizing additives are added to peat in the form of fluff (slaked lime), wood ash, and dolomite flour.

Eggshells (many gardeners collect them throughout the year) are applied in the spring under stone hearth trees and embedded in the trunk circle to a depth of 5 cm. This good source calcium, potassium and trace elements.

Ash is rich in potassium. It increases sugar content berry crops, at the same time it is a fertilizer and a means of protection against pests for leaf and vegetable plants. Cruciferous crops are sprinkled with it, protecting them from flea beetles, juicy greens and the tops are protected from slugs.

Mineral fertilizers

For normal life functions, a balanced composition of the soil is needed; it must contain components containing phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and nitrogen. Fertilizing plants on the site is carried out in several stages: during planting and 2-3 during the period of active growth.

In dry form, mineral fertilizers are applied only in early spring. During the growing season, liquid is added when watering. Foliar applications are made by spraying the plant with weak solutions.

Potassium is needed by plants for photosynthesis. Potassium is added to the soil in the form of nitrate and salts of other acids: hydrochloric and sulfuric. Potassium chloride is best used in the fall; chlorine negatively affects the taste of melons, berries, and potatoes.

Sulfates are applied in the spring and used for foliar feeding during the growing season and abundant flowering. Ammonium nitrate simultaneously contains nitrogen and potassium.

Phosphorus is produced in the form of flour, easily and difficultly soluble granules. Superphosphate simply crumbles on the surface of the earth in the fall. When snow and precipitation melt, it penetrates into the soil.

In the spring it is embedded to a depth of 20 cm; with direct contact it can burn the roots of immature plants. Precitate is the most soluble form of phosphorus fertilizer; it is often present in complex formulations for certain crops.

Complex formulations for certain types of crops are balanced additives, where the main elements are in the required proportions for the plants. Such compositions are often supplemented with microelements: zinc, manganese, magnesium, silicon.

Boric acid and manganese are microelement fertilizers. They are used in the form of solutions for watering and spraying. At the same time, they serve as protection against pests and diseases.

Green manure as fertilizer

They enrich the soil by sowing certain crops - green manure. These are oats, rye, alfalfa, and other legumes. These crops are grown on resting lands. Winter crops are sown in the fall and incorporated into the soil along with the sprouts in the spring. Other - early autumn, before seed formation.

The plant mass of green manure loosens the soil, enriches it with minerals, and acts as a preventative against fungal diseases.

We study the timing - when to fertilize?

Natural fertilizers for the garden - what is useful in spring?

Various garden fertilizers used in spring perform various functions: organic matter improves soil structure, but mineral fertilizers provide plants with the necessary microelements: phosphorus and nitrogen. But potassium-based preparations accelerate the ripening of fruits.

to deliver required amount fertilizers to your plot and distribute them on the surface will require a lot of physical effort; It is recommended to fertilize vegetable crops before planting

According to experts, the spring season is the most favorable period for applying any type of fertilizer. These can be organic, mineral, as well as complex fertilizers for the garden. They begin to enrich the earth with nutrients after the snow melts, so that they do not “evaporate” along with the precipitation.

I also sow green manure in the fall and then incorporate it into the soil. White mustard heals the soil well, but all green manures are good.
When to plant radishes If you have a desire to grow radishes in your garden,...
If there is a lack of nitrogen, the leaves of greenhouse cucumbers turn yellow and fall off; if there is little potassium, then the edges of the leaves will turn pale green, and if there is not enough phosphorus, they will be dark green.
By planting cucumbers in a greenhouse, any summer resident and gardener increases the yield of the crop, which is undoubtedly good. At the same time, already in early May you will be able to enjoy crispy lightly salted cucumbers; you can read about how to pickle them here. Knowing how, when and with what to fertilize cucumbers in a greenhouse, the yield, as a rule, increases by forty percent, in contrast to planting on open ground. Proper feeding cucumbers, a very important task for high yields. The main thing to remember is that organic fertilizers must be added in parts, because if the fertilizer is applied incorrectly, the vegetable may not bear fruit or even die.

Universal mineral fertilizers - salvation for the garden

The main pests of tomatoes: snails, slugs, caterpillars, Colorado potato beetles, mites, thrips, woodlice. Each pest and each disease has its own way to combat it; there are a variety of means to protect tomatoes on the market.

- change the place of planting tomatoes annually;

Growing tomatoes is not difficult, but you need to know a few things: when and how to plant them, how to fertilize tomatoes, how to care for them so that the harvest is large and the tomatoes are tasty.

Scheme for adding minerals to a plot of land with an area of 10 m2:

specific smell;
. It is very important to remember that even if you use the best fertilizers for your garden, their quantity should be moderate. An excess can also negatively affect the condition of plants. When using mineral fertilizers and mixed fertilizers, you must strictly adhere to the dose - the rules for using a particular drug are indicated on the packaging.
Landscape design in the village

The land should not be fertilized, but “disinfected,” so to speak. Pour boiling water, potassium permanganate solution and other special preparations. And after planting, spray the seedlings with an anti-pest product.

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Planting, care and how to fertilize tomatoes

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Not everyone knows how and what to fertilize cucumbers when planting. Many simply don’t do this, but in vain. Why? Read on.

Planting, care, watering

Cucumbers have weak roots; they do not penetrate deeper than 20 cm, so the properties of the soil have a special influence on them. As fertilizers, you can add manure, rotted garbage, peat, straw, or sawdust to the soil; it is advisable to enrich these additives with nitrogen. Mineral fertilizers will also not interfere with the growth of cucumbers in a greenhouse.

For a good tasty harvest, tomatoes need to be fertilized. From the beginning of seedling picking until flowering, feed the tomatoes with mineral fertilizers, and when fruits appear, feed them with potash fertilizers. It would be correct to use granular long-acting fertilizers, which need to be mixed with the soil before planting seedlings, and after the berries set, use special fertilizers for tomatoes, for example: seaweed extract.

Diseases, pests, what to do and how to fertilize tomatoes

- destroy affected tomatoes;

At the tomato planting site, the soil needs to be prepared in the fall: add garden compost, ash, eggshells. It is better to grow tomatoes through seedlings, that is, in early spring, plant the seeds at home, and then plant the grown seedlings in the ground. Before planting tomatoes, you need to warm up the beds; you should plant them when there is already an established positive temperature, and install supports.

nitrogen preparations (urea, urea or ammonium nitrate) – 300–350 grams;

if there is no farm nearby, then finding organic matter is quite problematic;

Organic matter contains a large number of microelements, and it perfectly loosens the soil. In the countryside, such fertilizers can be found in almost every yard, so their cost is quite low, especially since organic matter is applied to the garden once every three years.

Preparing the garden in spring

It's not about fertilizers. Potatoes are also nightshades and diseases accumulate.

How to do compost pit Compost is an excellent fertilizer for the garden. You can do it yourself...

Since cucumbers are not planted very deep, the substances necessary for plant growth are hardly delivered to it from the depths of the soil. Therefore, it is necessary to use good compost before planting them. Fertilizers for planting this crop can be used both purchased and natural organic. If you choose purchased fertilizers, then before fertilizing the cucumbers when planting, add regular manure to the ground.

During the entire growth period of cucumbers in the greenhouse period, you should not feed them more than five times. The first time it is necessary to feed when flowering begins, and then four more times at the time of fruiting. Chicken droppings and mullein are perfect for these purposes. To replace them, you can use ready-made fertilizers, having previously purchased them at a farm store.

How to fertilize cucumbers? Many novice gardeners and summer residents ask a similar question. We offer you the simplest and most important advice from experienced gardeners.

OgorodSadovod.com

How to fertilize cucumbers in the garden and greenhouse

- do not plant tomatoes next to potatoes;

Tomatoes need to be pinched (that is, plucked off side shoots), if the variety and environment require it (middle and verified latitudes), then remove and lower leaves until the ovary, but if the tomatoes grow in a hot climate, then there is no need to remove the leaves like that. You should monitor the soil so that it does not dry out or be too wet, and remove weeds. When watering tomatoes, try to prevent water from getting on the leaves, fruits and trunk, as this can cause fungal diseases; the best watering is drip watering.

phosphorus preparations – 250 grams;

How to fertilize cucumbers in a greenhouse

bird droppings or fresh manure can burn the roots of some plants.

The most positive effect is observed from humus (rotted manure), which is scattered over the land 3-4 weeks before digging up the ground. Also, in addition to manure, organic fertilizers include bird droppings, compost and peat.

Spring fertilizer for the garden

This year you can only spill the soil with phytosporin or potassium permanganate. Basically, potatoes are afraid of late blight, from which we actually try to protect potatoes, and scab is also a fungal disease.

Mustard, phacelia, vetch-oat mixture. Right as soon as it gets warm (a month before landing cultivated plants) sow. So much for crop rotation. It is not necessary to sow just one thing, you can mix the seeds and each will add something different to the soil))

Experienced gardeners take from six to eight kilograms of manure per 1 square meter and add one glass of ash to it. Humus is added from four to five kilograms per 1 square meter. They also use fine decomposed peat at the rate of eight to ten kilograms per 1 square meter. The difference between these fertilizers is that manure is applied in the fall when digging the ground, and humus is used immediately before planting cucumbers in the ground. At the same time, many advise fertilizing the soil with phosphorus or potassium fertilizers. But this can only be done if there is enough humus in the soil.

IMPORTANT: If the soil is sandy, then it requires nitrogen fertilizers, and if it is floodplain, then it is better to take potash fertilizers.

The store offers a huge amount of fertilizers for cucumbers, but will they produce the results written on the package? And the reaction of any plant to fertilizer and feeding is difficult to predict. So is it necessary to do this at all? Need to! We have previously written about how to feed onions, and cucumbers are no exception.

How to fertilize cucumbers when planting

- weed the beds;

Tomatoes are susceptible various diseases and can be attacked by various pests. The most common diseases: fungal infections, late blight, blossom end rot, brown spot, tobacco mosaic.

potassium preparations (can be replaced wood ash) – 200 grams.

There are no problems with finding mineral fertilizers - they can be purchased at gardening stores or at the market. They are sold in concentrated form, making them much easier to work with. The main thing is to follow the dosages recommended by the manufacturer. Granular nitrogen and phosphorus preparations are applied to the soil immediately before digging.

To enrich the area, it is enough to distribute a ten-liter bucket of humus per 1 m2.
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So cultivate the soil and tubers before planting. And after harvesting, be sure to sow green manure. I plant potatoes in one place all the time, and there is no late blight, I always plant green manure - rye, mustard. The earth is magnificent after them.
In general, nightshades are not planted after nightshades. It’s too painful for them to catch all sorts of diseases from each other.
As you can see, there is nothing complicated, the main thing is to know what and when cucumbers need and how to fertilize them correctly, and then they will definitely delight you with their generous harvest.

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How to fertilize the soil so that after potatoes you can plant nightshades (tomatoes, peppers, eggplants)?

MaryM

If warming comes after a long cold spell, be sure to add ammonium nitrate to the soil. Initially, add it to the grooves, and then pour plenty of water.

Nellya Alpatova (Yatkevich)

On soil well fertilized with organic matter, cucumbers grow much better and begin to bear fruit faster, since it contains large quantities of micronutrients. About twenty percent of minerals enter cucumbers during the flowering period until the first ovaries appear. The remaining seventy percent occurs during the fertile period. Therefore, even if cold weather has begun, cucumbers must be watered and fed through the leaves frequently.

Serafima Arkadyevna

- you can work (pruning, pinching, shaping) only with dry plants;

Rosa Zueva

Therefore it follows:

Alla Lebedeva

In the summer, when plant growth is most intense, fertilizing the soil is repeated, but the dose is reduced by 3 times. It is very convenient to introduce nutrients through the system drip irrigation- this way you probably won’t make a mistake with the dosage, and all plants will receive the same dose.

Husky

It is desirable that the granules are located at a depth of about 20 cm. Thus, all useful substances will be very close to the root system.

Olga

In addition to numerous advantages, natural fertilizers have several disadvantages:

In order to properly fertilize the soil, you need to follow several rules - do not add excess fertilizer to the soil, for example, it is better to do it a little less than the plants need, so as not to create environmental problems. It is advisable to combine organic fertilizers with mineral fertilizers, as well as combine basic spring fertilizers with regular feeding. Potassium fertilizers promote good growth and improve plant immunity Nitrogen fertilizers affect only the growth process. Nitrogen should be added only in the spring during the first waterings. The most needed fertilizer is manure. It contains everything you need, enriches and loosens the soil. It needs to be applied to the soil once every 3 years. In addition, organic fertilizers have only a negligible effect on environment, because they are made from compost or animal dung. Therefore, it is better to use these types of fertilizers rather than artificial fertilizers, which, although they contain concentrated nutrients for your plants, but spoil the environment and settle in the soil. Di and who would like to eat a cucumber from their own garden made from chemicals?

Application of fertilizers and measures to improve soil composition

Sandy soils poor in humus can be improved by regularly applying organic fertilizers. The mechanical composition of light sandy soil can be improved by adding crushed clay to it.

Heavy loamy, clayey and uncultivated soils can be easily improved by adding organic fertilizers, loosening materials, and liming.

Autumn digging of soil- exactly this the right time for applying the bulk of organic, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, lime materials and mineral additives in the form of sand or clay.

Autumn is good time for applying phosphorus fertilizers to the soil. In order for them to reach the roots of plants, a long period of time is needed. These fertilizers are not washed out of the soil for quite a long time; if they are introduced in the fall, then the earth will become saturated with them all winter. At the same time, potash fertilizers containing chlorine are also applied. Until spring, the movement of soil water will move chlorine into deeper soil horizons.

The formation of a fertile soil layer is facilitated by digging up all free surface a plot to which natural fertilizer such as wood ash has been previously applied.

If you plan to grow garden crops such as zucchini, cabbage, cucumbers, lettuce, and celery on your plot, then during the autumn digging you need to add manure, humus or compost to the soil. If in the area where it is supposed to grow carrots, beets, scorzonera, radishes, organic fertilizers were applied in the previous season, then it is enough to apply mineral fertilizers. You can limit yourself to a small amount of humus or compost. Organic fertilizers include manure, bird droppings, slurry, humus, peat and composts.

It is not recommended to embed into the soil during digging fresh bird droppings, rabbit, sheep and goat manure. It must first be composted. Many vegetable growers generally prefer to add only rotted manure to the soil. Starting in the fall, they stack fresh manure in layers in a compacted pile on a dry, well-compacted area, which is covered with a thick layer of clay so that the manure does not come into contact with the ground. The layers are laid out with turf or peat, covering the stack on top with the same turf, sawdust, straw or peat. To prevent moisture from precipitation from penetrating inside the stack, it is covered with film. Manure that has lain in the winter cold is used for early planting. vegetable crops. After adding rotted manure to the soil, you can grow greens, onions, carrots, cucumbers and pumpkins on it. If sufficient quantities of manure were used as fertilizer on the site, then it is permissible not to use other organic fertilizers.

Especially bountiful harvest give vegetables in the 2nd year after applying manure. Good onions grow after being planted in the soil horse manure, and beets and parsley - after sheep manure. Radishes get more yield in those areas that have been fed with cow manure.

Bird droppings considered strong and fast-acting fertilizer. It contains a large number of nutrients and quickly decomposes. Typically, bird droppings are stored together with peat, combining them in equal parts. The litter is most effective when used as a liquid supplement along with a mullein solution.

It is advisable to collect and store chicken manure in the same way as regular manure, insulating the piles with peat chips, sawdust or leaves. If the piles of droppings freeze, the droppings will stop decomposing and many plant nutrients will be lost.

➣ All remnants of damaged plants and vegetables and disease-infected tops must be carefully collected, dried and burned in dry weather. The resulting ash can be used as fertilizer when digging.

The humus content in the soil is significantly increased by adding a large volume of manure compost. In addition, such an event inhibits the activity of pathogenic fungi and bacteria. Manure compost contains antibiotics; they are secreted by individual soil microorganisms that suppress pathogens.

The readiness of the compost laid in the previous year should be checked on the eve of winter, in November. It must be shoveled and then insulated. Before frost, compost heaps must be covered with branches and soil with a layer of up to 50 cm, which will protect them from freezing.
A more detailed separate article was devoted to fertilizing chicken manure.

Peat used as fertilizer in manure-peat mixtures. Peat is used on its own to improve the structure of the soil as a loosening material.

Some gardeners fertilize the soil with leaf soil, considering it a relatively good fertilizer. The foliage is collected in a heap in the fall, covered so that the wind does not blow it around the site, and left for the winter. In the spring, if the leaves have decomposed, mix them with soil. If they have not decomposed by spring, then they are dug up and left until autumn.

Often, gardeners collect with a rake the bulk of plant debris, garden leaves, tops and put them in compost heap, considering it as perfect material for humus. Plant residues and debris from spring greenhouses and greenhouses are also placed there. However, such fertilizer increases the likelihood of soil contamination by one or another fungal disease. If there is the slightest suspicion that weeds, grass, or vegetable shoots are infected with pathogens or eggs of various harmful insects, then they cannot be used as future fertilizer. Pathogens of plant diseases and harmful insects usually settle in the pre-winter period among plant debris, dry tops, on dry branches and trunks of old trees. However, it is better to burn the foliage and other plant debris and feed the soil with the resulting ash.

During the autumn digging, many gardeners heavy soils They bring in manure mixed with sawdust, which was used as bedding for livestock. Sometimes clean sawdust is used, after scalding it with boiling water. Sawdust is useful as a loosening material on heavy soils. But wood decomposes very slowly in the soil, consuming too much nitrogen, which is very undesirable. This process must be prevented by moistening the sawdust with a solution of carbamide (urea) or a solution of mullein (3 liters of mullein per 10 liters of water). For 3 buckets of sawdust you will need 10 liters of solution with mullein. For pre-treatment of sawdust, it is also possible to use a special solution: dissolve 150 g of superphosphate, 100 g of ammonium nitrate and 50 g of potassium chloride in 10 liters of water. When digging in autumn, it is enough to add half a bucket of sawdust every 1 m2.

During digging soil for a garden in newly developed areas of the non-chernozem strip, where it is necessary to create a humus layer, approximately half a bucket of organic fertilizers should be applied per 1 m2 of the cultivated area. In uncultivated, previously uncultivated areas, it is necessary to remove the roots of old plants from the soil, remove stumps and snags, and select stones. When processing such soil with a shovel or plow, it is necessary to cut it into thin layers and add an additional 3-4 cm of podzolized earth or subsoil rudyakov clay. During autumn digging, loosening materials and organic fertilizers should be incorporated into heavy clay soil in larger volumes than when cultivating cultivated land. You should add peat, manure, and compost at least half a bucket for every 1 m2, supplementing them with wood ash.

At autumn processing virgin clay soil, to organic fertilizers, you need to add 1 or 2 liter jars of coarse grains, respectively. river sand and slaked lime.

Loam, river sand, fallen leaves, potassium and phosphorus should be added to the peat soil. Sufficient quantities must be added to such lands annually. organic fertilizers.

When incorporated into the soil, organic fertilizers or plant residues must be thoroughly mixed with the soil and covered with a layer of soil on top. This simple agrotechnical method will prevent the spread of weeds, pests and pathogens of garden plants.

Acidic soils are neutralized by liming. The addition of lime reduces the acidity and fatigue of the soil, enriches it with calcium, thereby increasing fertility. After liming, heavy clay soils become looser, which significantly improves their water-air regime. Calcium in lime improves the structure and general properties of the soil. Liming activates the activity of various microorganisms that assimilate nitrogen or decompose organic matter. Improving air access to the roots favors the life of these microorganisms. Their activity helps improve plant nutrition. Due to the addition of lime, the yield of all vegetable crops increases.

The carried out liming improves the conditions for processing heavy soils, after which it is much easier to dig them up. After liming, light soils become moisture-absorbing, and the bonds between particles are strengthened.

Be sure to lime high marshy soils and add organic fertilizers to them. Low-lying marshy soils are not as acidic, but they still need to be limed.

Productive organs (mother plants) of biennial vegetable crops must be stored together with roots in winter in piles or storages, and in spring next year plant to obtain seeds.

Autumn liming of the soil is a reliable preventive measure in the fight against wireworms: beetles with an elongated oval body up to approximately 15-16 mm in length. The larvae of this beetle destroy many vegetable crops: cabbage, onions, carrots, beets, tomatoes, etc. In their appearance, the beetles look like pieces of wire, which is why they got their name. They choose low-lying places to live, overwinter in the soil, and lay their eggs in it.

The amount of alkaline materials added to the soil depends on the calcium content in them, the degree of acidity of the soil and its mechanical composition: clay, loam or sand. During autumn liming, all kinds of alkaline materials are used, such as slaked lime, dolomite flour, wood and peat ash, chalk, meadow marl, ground limestone, cement dust, etc. Only very finely ground lime can be used to apply to the soil. Therefore, it is advisable to sift all lime fertilizers before using them directly. Experts recommend adding 0.5-1 kg of slaked lime for every 1 m2 of soil.

The main condition for liming is that the material chosen for it must be scattered evenly over the area. After applying it, the soil should turn white. Usually this event is done once every 5-6 years and only during autumn tillage.

It is quite acceptable to replace lime ash or use eggshells, which contain a large amount of lime, as a liming material.

The shells should be thoroughly crushed before embedding in the ground. Why do you need to put it in a strong, hard bag and trample on it? Carrots, cucumbers and cabbage prefer eggshell lime.

Ash reduces soil acidity, which is useful on light sandy and peaty soils. To reduce their acidity level, you can use ash from peat combustion (up to 7 kg of ash per 10 m2). From burning brushwood hardwood the resulting ash is more valuable than from the brushwood of coniferous trees.

Lime materials are not recommended to be added with fresh manure: with this proximity, a large amount of nitrogen is lost. If it is necessary to lim the soil, it is more advisable to postpone the application of organic fertilizers to the spring. Although liming materials such as dolomite and bone meal are quite compatible with manure. They can be applied during autumn tillage; they are especially good for sandy or sandy loam soils. On heavy clay soils, it is preferable to liming with slaked lime. But in everything you need to observe moderation: with excessive liming, the soil can become neutral. If it becomes alkaline with a pH level above 7.5, plants begin to grow poorly.

Along with organic fertilizers, during autumn tillage it is necessary to add the necessary mineral additives. In heavy clay soil, it is recommended to add 1 or 1.5 buckets of coarse river sand annually for every 1 m2. Approximately the same volumes should be filled with peat chips.

When cultivating peat soils in autumn, you need to add an equal amount of river sand and powdered dry clay. Although this technique requires a lot of labor, it brings a significant effect. The introduction of significant volumes of sand and organic matter into the soil during autumn cultivation makes it possible to transform the top arable layer of clay soil 15 - 20 cm thick into loam within 5 years.

Mineral fertilizers It is more expedient to embed it in the ground, taking into account exactly what crops were grown in a particular area. Cabbage and potatoes absorb nitrogen and potassium from the soil, while radish prefers to extract almost all the phosphorus. Therefore, when cultivating the soil in autumn, it is necessary to apply different sets of fertilizers to different areas.

Mineral fertilizers should be used with restrictions, at a very strict rate. When an excessive amount of mineral fertilizers is added to the soil, all microorganisms and earthworms die. Gradually, the yield in such areas sharply decreases. In addition, excess applied mineral fertilizers are harmful to humans.

During the autumn digging of the site, the addition of ash is of great benefit: it is a very valuable fertilizer and contains a lot of potassium and phosphorus. In addition, the ash contains calcium, magnesium, iron, boron, manganese, sulfur and other elements beneficial for plants. As mineral fertilizer Wood ash should be added at 2-4 kg per 1 m2. You can sprinkle ash on the ground when cultivating it or place it in holes and furrows. But if the soil has been limed, then ash may not be added for 1-2 years.

Wood ash is a universal fertilizer that is recommended for use for all crops and is available to every gardener. Eggplants, zucchini, potatoes, cucumbers, peppers, tomatoes and pumpkin need it most. Many trees begin to bear fruit only after feeding them with wood ash. Dry ash does not lose its properties over many years of storage. However, wet ash loses almost all of its calcium. Therefore, ash should be placed in boxes or barrels for storage in a dry place.

In conditions high humidity densely planted plants often suffer from various fungal diseases; mosses and lichens can settle on the bark of branches of trees and shrubs.

Those vegetable crops and potatoes that are planted on acidic podzolic and sandy soils respond well to the addition of ash. For these crops, it is better to apply ash into holes and furrows as the main fertilizer.

However, under no circumstances is it permitted to use ash from peat or shale, if it has a rust color. It indicates that the ash contains harmful impurities. Particularly harmful is the ash from burned trees that grew on the sides of highways.

Ash can be replaced by additional addition of potassium sulfate to the soil. If the garden is planted on acidic soil, then it is advisable to apply approximately 150-200 kg of lime to the entire plot. Ash also serves as a valuable preventive measure in the fight against many pests And diseases of vegetable crops. On light soils it is advisable to apply it in spring and summer. On clay soils It is advisable to cover the ash in the fall as well.

Many experts and experienced gardeners believe that to get a good harvest of vegetables, it is enough to add rotted manure or compost soil, ash, and also promptly feed garden plants with liquid organic fertilizers.

It is important to make the irrigation system correctly, which, in principle, is not difficult and has already been discussed on the site.

On tired, depleted soil that needs loosening and enrichment with nitrogen, it is quite acceptable to sow legumes: vetch, peas, lupine or beans as intercrops. Yellow lupine grows better on light sandy soils, while white lupine prefers loamy soils with a neutral acid reaction.

If in soil too large volumes were applied on the site organic fertilizers, excess nitrates accumulate in it. You can relieve the soil of these unwanted substances by sowing winter rapeseed or mustard.

It is very important to attract earthworms to the garden, which process organic matter added to the soil into humus. At the same time, they release calcium carbonate, which reduces the acidity of the soil. Organic matter processed into humus becomes many times more beneficial for plants. It is well absorbed by the root system of plants.

It’s easy to create a kind of “apartment” for worms: a small hole the depth of a shovel and an area of 1 m2 needs to be filled plant waste, eggshell, food waste, mullein, manure or peat. The height of the pile should be approximately 30-40 cm, it should be slightly shaded from the sun. Earthworms will rush to occupy the home prepared for them. In addition, they are happy to settle on raised beds and work in them for the benefit of the gardener.